You are on page 1of 19

Effect of Shrimp Culture on Ecology in

the Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

(MNFEL 330)

March 24, 2003

Submitted by:

Syed Mahmood Anwar

Submitted to:

Gunilla A. Olsson, Dept. Biology, NTNU


Kerstin Potthoff, Dept. Geography, NTNU
!" #
$ % & '(! "
$ $ )
$ $ $ "%
* + "
,
- $ - $ "
+ $ . $ , , "
, / "
0 * $
, ' 1
$ / , "0 $ ,
2 $ "
"&
$ ) , $ ,
"# + ),
, "

1
!
"#" "# " "$ #

"% #

&'( ) ) (*

" $
"'
"3 4

+'( ) ) , - . (/

'" 5 0 0
'"' . 0
'"3 $ & $ $ 0
'"6 $7 7 7

*'( ) ) , ) )0 ) (1

3" 8
3"' 9 0 $

2'( ) ) , ) &&

3'( ,, ) ) &&

/'( ,, ) 4 )0 ) &+

5'( ,, 0 , &3

6'( ) &/

1'( ) &5

&('( , &5

2
&'( ) )

0 $ ,
0 : $ ;" ,
$ "# 2 " ,
, , " /
/ , , " $ ): ;,
,
'! 3! , "
. , / < ) %
= $ ) (>"

+ !" 0
'"( " ?
+ < % / " @!!
% & 3! =5A )'!!'>"
. "# ) ,
) B 0 +; * " 3?(!!!
$ , $ " 5
B = # )
'!!'>"

$ $ "
, +
) , " $ ,
" .
C ) $ )
) ) )
)
=8 )'!!'>" ) $ $ "
$ , $ ,
!" + $ 2 $
$ ,
) . * "
$ $
D ) , -
* 2 $ /- $ )
$ . +) ) $
, = ) >"
. $ ) $ ) =& )
?>"

, "
, ) $ "
$ "

3
&'& " $ %7 8#

5
"& +
$ - )
. $ ) $ $ "
) $ D

" 7 +
" + "
" * $ . $ "
" * $ "

&'+ $ !

$!" "# 9
,
B E
/ E
, ) 0
0 +; *
"
0 +; * "
= >
!
B ) ) /

"
# , $ 6(

, $ !!! )

, "

# )
$
" 7
$
Coastal region
,
$ $ = >" 7
,
. Figure 1: Map pf Bangladesh showing the coastal region or
" the shrimp cultivation area.

" "# "$! 9


" ) ) , )
, "

4
" "" "!##9
$ , ,
$ " $
, "

&'* "$ " #

*
$ " ,
, , . " " )
) $ "F ,$ ) ,
) $ $ " )
$ "

+'( ) ) , - .

$ *
$ - , =7 '>- .
$ - * -, , 2 $ -
$ "# , )
, $ = F )'!!!>"

+'& " "" # ## "#"


, ) $
$) , $" ) , "

) )
) "
, ,
$ 5
),
"

3"(
"

)
, )
Coastal wetlands

2 ,
,
)
), Figure 2: LANDSAT satellite infrared image showing the
part of Sundarbans and general coastal area with
vegetation and wetlands.
, "

5
+'+ 4 "" # #
# , $ &$ =& / ) )
0 >) ) ) , ,
., " $
" ='!!!>
)
"

+'* 8 # 8 7 "8 " "


, ) , $
?! " # @! ) 5 $ , " #
)
, , , * G5 , 7 "G ,
$ $ ) ) $
2 ) * " 0
/ , @!H ,
% #&" ,
"#
" 6!!! / / ,
' ), ? ! , )
@!. @?" ) ?!H) , "
, "

+'2 $" %" # " 8 , ##" $)#, "" $," "

$ )
,
) 2
) *) $

"
=7 3>
$ , I
= >
. *"
%9 0A
$
, "
H
$ )

$ 2 )
+ "
# $ (??! 2" / "
, ,
$ "

Figure 3: Moist soil and ….root of the mangrove (above).


Dangerous looking dense forest with lots of
6 canel and rivers (below).
# ) +
), $ ) $ $
) ) " $ $ $
) "

, $ ,
" $ , , , , "8 )
, = , $ >) ) $ ) )
/ ), , ) J . / K" =7 3>

# )$ , ) $
$ * " $
$ / )$ , , (/
" $
"

= ) , /
) , = " = , $
) $
=B ) @>" 4 / ! ,
/ $ , = " " ) ?>"

) ) ) "
A$ '! $ '?! $
" / F = 3> 336 )
'6( ) " 5 $ &
= > $ "9 (!
/ , " ,
) .8 0 =" > =7 6>)
, $ "

Figure 4: Salt-Water Crocodile i.e. Crocodylus parasus (left) and Spotted deer
i.e. Cervus axis in Sundarbans.

6 "
# = 9>)
, 3(! =F ) ?(>" )5

7
63!.6(! $ = , ) (>" " # =7 6>)
, $ , (')@!! =B ) @> !)!!! =F ) ?(>)
, ! ) '!)!!!=F ) ?(>) )
, . "A ) .
$ =L%>) '!)!!! =F ) ?(>)
$ = / F )
3>" A , )% & )% %
## "

$ . , , H
" 3 ( $ =F ) 6>)
( , , = ) > 3 = / )
(>"

*'( ) ) , ) )0 )

*'& : " # - "; .

/ ) , "#
),
. / "

/ ,$ )
$ + $ "
$
. = )
)# ) 0
# >" # ,
# . )
9
"
Figure 5: Mature Black Tiger Shrimp

*'+ " #" $ $ 8"

+ $ . $ , ,
) , "

<#8 ," 9
='!!'> ! ,
+ $ " , $ , ,
, , =7 @> = + >
8 & $ / " /
, "

0 ,. $ "# *
, $ "8 , / , $
$ ) ) , $
, / *" ),

8
, * "0 ,
"0 . $ (! '(!/ = . >
" M "!! M3"!! / $ "
, ) ;, $
$ "

Figure 6: Features of Extensive Shrimp Farming

4) #8 ," 9
& !) $ $
=7 ?>" 0 $ ) . $
=' 3! >" 8 + "
+ ! '( , " $
) $ "N (!! ()!!!
/ = . > " M'"!! M@"!!
/ $ " , "

Figure 7: Features of Semi-Intensive Shrimp Farming

9
2'( ) ) , )

; / , + , $
+ 2
$ $ = / )'!!'>" * +
+ ; "
, 5& 6"? + ) "3 " !
= ** D >" /
='!! >, .'!!! + , % M 3(@
* @"' + "
# , $ 3?( , $ !!! )
, "

+ $ ) $
$ '!/ E E " / ='!! > , '!!!
$ =( 3 > $ = +" % M '!! > "
, + % M3! =5A )'!!'>" #
, ) / "
$ $ $ $ ) ) /
" $ $ "
63 ) $
, " $ ,
E "

3'( ) , ) ) )

# = > , 2
$
$ = (!! > .
$ "

= @> "#
$ ) $ /
$ "F /
, .
?. !"

9 B = @>
$ "

F = ?> $ ,
"

# ) # ), , +
) H ! "
)B ) ) ) $ !
" L $ , , , ,
, , "# "
$ ) $ $ "

10
/ , )
" $ , , )
$ $ $ "
, $ $ ) $ $
, "
"

) , ), $
"8
$) / +
, , " + $
$ "
"

$ + $ )
, , , $
$ , $
"

8 # ;9
0 # ) , $ ,
" , "@ ), , '"3 !" # !)
, "? $ , , 6 "3
$ ," $ , 3" !"
("' " " $ , 3"3
" ! "3 "

4$ / $ * "
* @6 , "
* + "4, , ,
, $ * "
) "8 ) / )
/
/"

/'( ) , ) ) 4 )0 )

!
# ) 2 ?
=6! 4 >" $ ) , 4
"# ) $$ , 4 4
, "

9 , $ , /= 2 )
'!!!>=7 >" 2 )'!!! , ,
/ $ $ "

11
$ = 4> $
=7 > : . ;
" : . ;
, $ , ?@ '3()(@
"# ) $ , !! '!')3 "
# '!!!) ,
33'
66')6 '" #

4 $ )
36
,
)')
!3 )
)@ '!!!" :
;
$ "
#
: ;
=! >) 0
= >)
Figure 8: Series of fishermen's boad catching shrimp fry from river
/ = >) using nets.
7 =' >)B / )
B / = >)4 = >)F = >)0 ="
> ) " )
! $ '! " $ ,
$ =# ") >, $ .
$ "

" #
E $
+ " , $
, $ "

$ 0 , '
) 2 . )? 0 6
. , $ , 2
$ " $ /
$ "

,# " "= " 8 #


$ 2 )
$
$ 2
"

$ , =
& > , =7 >"
, $

12
Figure 9: Tons of snails stocked by roadside after collection (left), a farmer
preparing snails to feed the shrimp (right).

, "0 + "
$ & $ )0 ) ,
3@()6 =0 >=7 >"

( & ,
. / ) )2 "
) / ) /) " /
,
" . $
, / , "

> " $#
, $ E, ,
, "& $ ) ,. ,
, , $
, " ,
G G , H $ ,
, " ,
"&
$ "& , /
) *+ *! *' *, *+ *! " + "& ='!! >

" , / $ )
$ , "

# = > , , = '' >


$ , , "

13
+ $
$ )
"F ,$ ) , $ , ,
$ "0 2 ) $
" - & $
" , "
8 , )
"

$ ) $ /
" ") "
$ = )
@>"

5'( ) , ) 0

# 8 " 8 #9

F $ , $
# )L ) )# F 5 7 "
= )'!!'>" # $
, $
2 " 2

, " $

$
), $
$ 4
" $
$
Figure 10: Shrimp fry catching inside the Sundarban
$ $ " reserve forest area.

+ , $
, "# @"! , ,
=7 !> . " )
$ $ "

4 # 8 " 8 #9

$ ., , )
, $ ) =& ) ?
) @>"

** = > * $
* * $ $
* $ ,

14
$ $ , *
/ , 2 " 8 + ) $
= ) @>"

$ $
" $ $ -
/ $
" + ) , +
, $ ) $ /
"

6'( )

" # = $ # >
* $
2 , + ) ) )
$ "

'" 0 * $ ) * $
$
" , $ ,
$ " $
, "

3" /
2 "

6" $ + $ / ,
)+ $
/ "

(" D
$ - $
- -
"

@" ? " )

+ +
$ + 2
"

?" "7
, 2 $
" "

"
< 4 2 /
4 , "

15
"
" *
"

!" ,
" $

"
, , "

" /) ,
, " + " , $
) $ +
$ " ) $ / ,
$ "

1'( )

$ )
$ "# $ )
$ / $ / "
$ ,
$ " ) $ ) 2 $
.
$ "

&('( ,

** ) " #" "% 8 , $! = "4 '0


& 9 " )0 & )& / )

" 4 2 ")'!!'" !, " > ; ,# # 8


" "$ # ? 0 )= >)& /

&") ")B 7" ") ) 8 ") " "$


% " @" "$ # #" "% "" " " # #9
"# $! " "$ # A
# ," ) $ # !)0 &
=0 &>)& / )

, )<" = (>" $" %" #, # ) 8 ! 7 ? " "$ # ' : $


# 8" $" %" #" ( " A$ & $
)4 & $ 0 ) )%B" 3 "

0 ) ") 8 ") " # ," )A & )


D
EE,,," " " /E O E E E /E $"

16
& " B") ?" ,"; 8 9 8 ""$ 4 ) "
"#" "# " "$ # )0 & $
0 =0&0>)0 "

& ")'!! " : #" $ " : " ##B < " $ $


" "$ # ? "## #0 ) < # B , & $
L " ###)# )#L)& / ) "

F )& 4 )7 )F
0 )'!!!"

# '!!') ," 9 ") " "# % "## ## $)


, )& / )

5A )'!!'" =" " "$ # 9"8# )& / )


"

F ) " ?) 9 $ 8"#" $ " !?" " )A


& "

F )F" = ?(>" #" # " " #- ?&536.


$" %" # " 8 # - "! ">" / '3D @ .
"

F )B" P" )5" = ">= 6>" " 8# $" %" #' 0


> 9 " "$ # " #%09) / /) "

# ) ") ") " ," " $ 8 # ;) )


0 )5A4& )& / ) "

# ") " # ," !# 4 ""$ "


C " # :" " % $ ) )

B ) " " " = @>": $ " "$ # " 8 #!# "<


9 F 3D3'.6 "

) "= @>) " ! " "$ # ) $


3)5 )= >"

9 B = @>) ) " 8" #" $ 8


"; " " ?D "- $ $ #+(?+&?++?+* " $+2." B )
"

)" = (>) 8 ""$ " " # "$" ) #8


" "$ # ) 9 " ( $ )8
/)< ("

17
/ "<" ")'!! " "#" " "$ # 9 8 >
" > " $ % " !" 0 $ )
& /)

/ ") $ " " ")'!!'" " @" "$ 8


"#" " ; # 4: " < 4 $ $ " "$ # 9
" 8 > " )# & $ # QL 8 0
) ?) )=% >

$ )<" F" 6" ," #"4 " 9 8 " " $ "$


## " $ " " ) ) "

)4 " " '!!'" # =" > $ # # #)#


"

/ ) " %" = (>" # !? $ 8 !" $ % "## " " % $#


$" %" #? " "$ # " 0 )(
()& / " " 6. '"

)&" " = ">= >" ! #" > " $#" #%09)5 ), *


0 )%B" ) "

/ )<" F ) " " = 3>" $" %" #: $ "" "9


# 8" " "$ # "#" @ " #%09)5 ), * " '! "

2 )B" ")'!!'" ) " # " "$7 # # 8


" "$ # ) #& )& / "

2 B" ") " " " "% ! ##


" "$ # ) # & $ = #& >)& / "

8 )R ) " '!!'" 8 ""$ " # =" )A


& " ,,," $ "

18

You might also like