KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

Parallel DC Circuit. This circuit illustrates how to measure both the total current and the current through each branch. According to Kirchhoff's Current Law, the total current equals the sum of the current through the branches. The ammeter must be placed on DC mode to measure the DC current. Experiments: Change the value of resistor R3 and verify how that affects the total current (Itot) and the current through the branch I3. Calculate the individual branch currents and prove Kirchhoff's Current Law.

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Parallel DC Circuits
A

For a detailed description, click View >> Circuit Description Box

U2
+ B

0.029
DC 1e-009

A B

3.638m
C

A DC 1e-009

U1

V1

20 V

R1

1.2k

R2

2.2k

R3

5.5k

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Parallel DC Circuits Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

K.L.University

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

The objective of this experiment is to measure the voltage developed across resistors connected in series and/or parallel to the voltage source. These circuits can be analyzed using the voltage divider formula s it works for all series circuits. If the output voltage (Vout) is taken across a portion of series circuit R2, the voltage divider formula may be expressed as follows: Vout/Vin = R2/Rtot. Experiments: For the tope circuit, set the value of resistor R4 so that the voltage developed across R4 is the same as the voltage across resistor R2. Assume R1 = 330 ohm and R3 = 330 ohm. What is this value? 2. Use the voltage division formula to calculate the output voltage developed across R2 and R4 on the next two circuits. Compare the result with the voltmeter reading. 3. Simplify the last circuit. Calculate its total resistance.

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Series-Parrallel DC Circuit
A

- For a description of this circuit, open the circuit description box (View >> Circuit Description Box). - To begin simulation, click on the simulate "On" button, or click Simulate >> Run.
330 R1 220 R3

A
B

B
B + + 91 R4

V1

10 V 470 R2

5.875
-

2.926
-

D
C 330 R1

C
C 220 R3

A
V2
D 470 R2 10 V

B
V3
+ 10 V + 91 R4 D

5.875
-

2.926
-

D
E

C
E

220 R1 F

470 R3 330 R4

V4

20 V

91 R2

K.L.University
+

2.234
-

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Series-Parrallel DC Circuit Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

These circuits illustrate how to measure the current through the branch in question. The experiment allows you to determine the branch current from each independent current source and also to prove that the final current in the branch (see the top circuit) is the algebraic sum of the branch currents.

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Current Analysis
A

- For a description of this circuit, open the circuit description box (View >> Circuit Description Box). - To begin simulation, click on the simulate "On" button, or click Simulate >> Run.
200 200 400 15 A 400 10 A 400

13.000
C

A -

12.000

A C

200 400 15 A

200 400

400

200 400

200 400

400

10 A

+ E -

9.000

A -

6.000

A -

13.000

A -

12.000

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Current Analysis Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

Millman's Theorem 1 These circuits demonstrate Millman's Theorem, which simplifies the network of three parallel-connected voltage sources into a single voltage source. According to this theorem, the voltage sources are first converted to their equivalent current sources, then added up. Experiments: Calculate the load current and the load voltage compare the results with the ammeter and voltmeter readings.

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Millman's Theorem 1
A

For a detailed description, click View >> Circuit Description Box II VI

R1
5

R2
4

R3
2

0.779
-

A DC 1e-009 +

U3

2.338 V1
10 V

V DC 10M

U1

V2

16 V

V3

10 V

RI1
3 C

U4
+ D

0.521
DC 1e-009

Req

1.05

RI2
3

1.563
-

V DC 10M E

U2

Veq

2.11 V

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Millman's Theorem 1 Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

Millman's Theorem 2 These circuits illustrate a network of three series-connected current sources converted to a single current source according to Millman's Theorem. Experiments: Calculate the load current and compare the result with the ammeter reading.

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Millman's Theorem 2
A

For a detailed description, click View >> Circuit Description Box

I1
B 5A

I2

I3
B

1A

1A

R1
5 C

R2
10

R3
8

R4
5

7.679
-

V DC 10M

U1

I4

1.87 A

R5
23

R6
5

7.680
-

V DC 10M

U2

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Millman's Theorem 2 Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

This circuit demonstrates Kirchhoffs Current Law, which states that for any electrical junction point, the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving the junction is equal to zero. Experiments: 1. referring to the circuit, verify if Kirchhoffs Current Law works.

11

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Kirchhoff's Current Law

A

- For a description of this circuit, open the circuit description box (View >> Circuit Description Box). - To begin simulation, click on the simulate "On" button, or click Simulate >> Run.

R2
4

1.468

3.229

I in

R3
5

1.174

I out

R1
8

R5 R4
+ A

10

0.587
D

V1

10

64 V

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Kirchhoff's Current Law Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

12

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

These circuits illustrate the application of Thevenin's, which allows you to replace an entire network with an equivalent circuit model. The model contains a single DC source, referred to as the Thevenin voltage, which is connected in series with a single fixed resistor called the Thevenin resistance. Experiments: 1. What is the value of Thevenin voltage? 2 What is the value of Thevenin resistance? 3. Compare the reading on the Thevenins equivalent circuit (at the bottom) with the reading s on the original network (at the top). What are the findings? Do they produce the same voltage? What is the advantage of applying Thevenin's theory to the original, more complicated circuits? (Hint: Much faster calculation of voltage and/or current.)

13

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Thevenin's Theorem
A

- For a description of this circuit, open the circuit description box (View >> Circuit Description Box). - To begin simulation, click on the simulate "On" button, or click Simulate >> Run.
Rth
330 91 +

330

91

5.772m
-

10 V C

220

+ 470 RL

2.713
-

220 C

Eth
330 D 91 223 Rth + D +

5.772m 4.000
V -

10 V E 220 4V 470 RL +

2.713
-

Eth
F

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Thevenin's Theorem Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

14

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

Superposition Principle The superposition principle states that the current through, or voltage across, any resistive branch of a multisource network is the algebraic sum of the sources acting independently. The top circuit illustrates a multisource network, and the circuits below represent: 1. The circuit with source E2 removed and branch current through R2 measured. 2. The circuit with source E1 removed, E2 replaced and the branch current through R2 measured. Experiments: Verify the superposition principle. Please note that the final current is the algebraic sum of its contributions. Change the voltage of E1 and E2 and verify the superposition principle again.

15

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Superposition Principle
A

For a detailed description, click View >> Circuit Description Box

R1
1.2k +

R3
3.3k

1.082m E1
10 V

A DC 1e-009

U1

E2 R2

15 V 2.2k

1R1
D 1.2k +

1R3
3.3k

2R1
1.2k +

2R3
3.3k D

2.381m 1E1
10 V -

A DC 1e-009 -

U2

-1.299m

A DC 1e-009

U3

2E2
15 V

1R2
E

2.2k

2R2

2.2k E

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Superposition Principle Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

16

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

Norton's Theorem and Source Conversion These circuits illustrate the application of Norton's Theorem, which allows you to replace an entire network with the equivalent circuit model represented by a single DC source in parallel with a single resistor. The Norton current is the short-circuit current between the terminals in question; the Norton resistance is the resistance at that point, with the load resistor removed and the source voltage shorted. Experiments: What is the value of Norton's current? What is the value of Norton's resistance? Compare the readings on the Norton's equivalent circuit (at the bottom) with the readings on the original network (at the top). What are the findings? Do they produce the same voltage? Is this theory similar to Thevenin's Theorem?

17

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Norton's Theorem and Source Conversion

A

For a detailed description, click View >> Circuit Description Box

R1
3.3k

R3
220

V1

R2

12 V

330

RL1
47

0.090
-

V DC 10M

U1

XMM1
C C

R4
3.3k

R6
220

R8
3.3k + A DC 1e-009

R10
220

V2
D

R5

12 V

330

2.098m
-

U2

R9

330

I1

R7

2.1mA

520

RL2
47

0.091
-

V DC 10M

U3

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Norton's Theorem and Source Conversion Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

18

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

This circuit illustrates the way of measuring the AC voltage across the load resistor. Experiments: 1. Calculate the voltage developed across the load resistor RL, and compare the result with the voltmeter reading. 2. Set the carious values of the applied voltage and observe how that affects the output voltage.

19

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

AC Voltage Measurement
A

- For a description of this circuit, open the circuit description box (View >> Circuit Description Box). - To begin simulation, click on the simulate "On" button, or click Simulate >> Run.

L1
95.5mH

R2
3.3k C C

R1

C1

1k

6.36nF

RL V1 R3
50 Vrms 5kHz 0 10k

4.7k

17.012
-

V AC 10M

U1

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: 013 AC Voltage Measurement Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

20

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

This circuit illustrates a series RL circuit and may demonstrate how the frequency affects the voltage across the coil. Note that in the RL network the voltage leads the current. Therefore, a phase shift of 90 occurs at the output. Experiments: 1. Use the function generator to set the various frequency values and detect how that affects the voltage across the coil. Explain why. Refer to the formula given in the Description. (Hint: The voltage across the inductor increases with frequency.) 2. How would you explain a phase shift between the applied voltage and the output voltage? Is the total applied voltage equal to the sum of the two voltages across the resistor and inductor?

21

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Frequency Response of the Series RL Network

A

- For a description of this circuit, open the circuit description box (View >> Circuit Description Box). - To begin simulation, click on the simulate "On" button, or click Simulate >> Run.

Ext Trig + _ A + _ + B _

100

10mH

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Frequency Response of the Series RL Network Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

22

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

RL High- and Low-Pass Filter This straightforward RL circuit demonstrates an example of a highpass filter. As its name implies, it attenuates all signals below a specified cutoff frequency (fc), and passes all signals whose frequencies are above the cutoff frequency. Experiments: Referring to the frequency response displayed on the Bode plotter, verify the cutoff frequency for a given high-pass filter. Also, calculate this value and compare the results. (Hint: The cutoff frequency of the RL high-pass filter occurs when XL = R; therefore, fc = R/(2pL).)

23

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

RL High- and Low-Pass Filter

A

For a detailed description, click View >> Circuit Description Box XBP1
IN OUT

XFG1

R
1k

L1

100mH

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: RL High- and Low-Pass Filter Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

24

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

Frequency Response of the Series RC Network This circuit illustrates a series RC circuit and may demonstrate how the frequency affects the voltage across the capacitor. Note that the voltage across the capacitor lags the current by 90. Therefore, a phase shift occurs at the output. Experiments: Use the function generator to set the various frequency values and detect how that affects the voltage across the capacitor. Explain why. How would you explain a phase shift between the applied voltage and the output voltage signals?

25

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

Frequency Response of the Series RC Network

A

For a detailed description, click View >> Circuit Description Box

XFG1

XSC1
Ext Trig + _ A + _ + B _

XMM1
R1
1k

C1

100nF

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: Frequency Response of the Series RC Network Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

26

KLU

Dept of ECE

CC-multiSIM

Circuit A is a straightforward RC circuit example of a highpass filter. It significantly attenuates all frequencies below the cutoff frequency and passes all frequencies above it. Experiments: 1. Verify the cutoff frequency for a given high-pass filter. Take advantage of the frequency response displayed on the Bode plotter. Also, calculate this value and compare the results. (Hint: The cutoff frequency of the RC highpass filter occurs when Xc = R; so, fc = 1/2RC).) Circuit B is an example of a low-pass filter.

27

0 KLU

Dept of 5 ECE

9 CC-multiSIM

RC High-and Low-Pass Filter

A

- For a description of this circuit, open the circuit description box (View >> Circuit Description Box). - To begin simulation, click on the simulate "On" button, or click Simulate >> Run.

XBP1
IN OUT IN

XBP2
OUT

XFG1

XFG2

C1
D 10uF

R2
100 D

R1

100

C2

10uF

Circuit A High-Pass Filter

Circuit B. Low-Pass Filter

K.L.University

ECE Deparment Green Fields, Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist, AP

Title: RC High-and Low-Pass Filter Category: RLC Circuits Discipline: General Level: Beginner

Note: View Circuit Description Box for details

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

28