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DYNAMICS 1 Diagram 11 shows a student with a mass of 40 kg carrying a box with a mass of 5 kg. He walks up the stairs in 10 seconds.

Diagram 11

Calculate the power. A B C D 120 W 135 W 150 W 1200 W PMR 2008

Table 4 shows the masses of four students. Students P Q R S Mass/kg 42 50 80 54 Height of stairs/m 3 6 4.5 2.5

Table 4
Arrange the four students in ascending order starting from the one with the least work done. A B C D P,S,Q,R R,Q,P,S P,Q,R,S S,P,R,Q PMR 2007

A box of mass 10 kg is lifted from the floor onto a table, at a height of 0.5 m. Calculate the amount of work done. [g = 10 N kg-1] A B C D 0.5 J 5.0 J 50.0 J 100.0 J PMR 2006

The diagram shows a pupil pushing a box to make it closer to a wall. He is pushing with a force of 500 N.

How much work is done by the pupil? A 100 J B 250 J C 500 J D 1 000 J PMR 2005

A students pulls his luggage through a distance of 2.o m with a force o 40 N. What is the work done by the student? A B C D 20 J 38 J 42 J 80 J PMR 2004

(a) Diagram 1.1 shows a worker pulling a load of 50 kg on two different surfaces. (PMR 2006)

Situation A Diagram 1.1

Situation B

(i) Based on your observations in Diagram 1.1, state the difference in friction faced by the worker during the process of pulling the load in Situation A and Situation B. ___________________________________________________________ (1 mark) (ii) What inference can be made based on Situation A and Situation B in Diagram 1.1? ___________________________________________________________ (1 mark) (iii) State one hypothesis based on your observations in Diagram 1.1. ____________________________________________________________ (1 mark)

(b) A student carried out an experiment to investigate Situation A and Situation B. Diagram 1.2 shows an experiment to determine the types of surface which affect the magnitude of friction force.

Diagram 1.2 Based on Diagram 1.2 record the readings of the spring balance in Table 1.3. Surface X Y Z Table 1.3 Reading of spring balance /N

(c) Based on the readings in Table 1.3, draw a bar chart to show the readings of the spring balance with the different surface. Reading of spring balance /N

Surface (2 marks)

(d) State the variables involved in this experiment. Manipulated variable Responding variable Constant variable (3 marks)

(e) Based on Diagram 1.2, state the operational definition of frictional force.
_______________________________________________________________ (1 mark)

DYNAMICS ANSWER: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. B C C D D

PMR 2006 1(a) (i) The worker faced more friction in Situation A. (ii) The frictional force produced depends on the type of surface. (iii) The rougher the surface, the greater the frictional force./ Different types of surface produce different frictional force./ The magnitude of frictional force varies with the different types of surface. (b) X : 8.5 Y : 5.5 Z : 2.5
Reading of spring balance /N

(c)

9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0

(d)

(e)
0 X Y Surface Z

Manipulated variable : Types of surface

Responding variable : Spring balance reading /Magnitude of frictional force Constant variable : Type of block / Mass of wooden block / Type of spring balance / Surface area of block / Shape of block / Size of the block Frictional force is the force that prevents movement. Frictional force is the force produced by two surfaces touching each other during movement. - Frictional force is a force that varies /depends on the types of surface. (Any one answer)

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