November - December 2010

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SCIENTIFIC NOTE

First Record of Anastrepha pseudanomala Norrbom (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its Host in Brazil
CRISTIANE R DE JESUS1, RICARDO A DA SILVA2, MIGUEL F DE SOUZA FILHO3, EZEQUIEL G DE DEUS4, ROBERTO A ZUCCHI5
Univ do Estado do Amap, Av Presidente Vargas 650, 68906-970 Macap, AP, Brasil; cristianeramosdejesus@yahoo.com.br 2 Embrapa Amap, Rodovia JK, km 5, n 2600, 68903-419 Macap, AP, Brasil; adaime@cpafap.embrapa.br 3 Instituto Biolgico, CP70, 13012-970 Campinas, SP, Brasil; miguelf@biologico.sp.gov.br 4 Univ Federal do Amap, Rodovia JK, km 4, 68902-280 Macap, AP, Brasil; egd_bio03@yahoo.com.br 5 Depto de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, USP, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brasil; razucchi@esalq.usp.br
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Edited by Fernando L Cnsoli ESALQ/USP Neotropical Entomology 39(6):1059-1060 (2010) ABSTRACT - Anastrepha pseudanomala Norrbom was reared in fruits of Couma utilis (Apocynaceae), and also collected in McPhail traps in Ferreira Gomes county, State of Amap, Brazil. KEY WORDS: Fruit y, Amazon, Couma utilis, Apocynaceae On January 14th, 2007, during fruit-sampling while searching for fruit fly hosts in the state of Amap, 73 fruits (1,881g) of Couma utilis (Apocynaceae), commonly known as sorva, were collected in the district of Paredo, in Ferreira Gomes county (005137,5N and 511354,4W). From August to December, 2006, McPhail traps with 5% hydrolyzed protein were hung in trees at a distance of around 100 m. The study area consisted of a forest with several native species on a basically undisturbed rm soil. Couma utilis can reach a height of up to 20 m and naturally occurs in Central Amazonian forests, besides being cultivated in small-holdings and backyards. The fruits are small global pods (10 to 20g), green or brown (ripe) in color, and contain several small seeds and an agreeably avored pulp. Besides the edible fruits, it also produces a non-elastic latex of commercial interest (Falco et al 2003). A total of 56 puparia were obtained from C. utilis fruits (puparia/fruit infestation index 0.8 and puparia/kg of fruit 29.8), from which 20 specimens of Anastrepha (9 females and 11 males) and two parasitoids emerged. Females were identied as Anastrepha pseudanomala Norrbom, being the rst recorded occurrence of this species in Brazil, and the second of a species of Anastrepha in C. utilis. Recently, C. utilis was also reported as being the host of Anastrepha striata Schiner, also in the State of Amap (Zucchi 2008). In December, 15 females of A. pseudanomola were collected in traps. The parasitoids were identified as Doryctobracon areolatus (Szpligeti), for the rst time associated with A. pseudanomala and the fruit-host. Anastrepha pseudanomala belongs to the serpentina group, and can be confused with Anastrepha normalis Norrbom and Anastrepha anomala Stone, although there are differences in the size of the aculeus, shape of the aculeus tip and in the wing pattern. It was previously recorded only in Panam and Costa Rica, without any record of the host (Norrbom 2002). In the specimens of A. pseudanomala studied herein, certain measurements, such as length of the aculeus (3.23.3mm) and the tip (0.32-0.35mm), differ from those of specimens from Panam and Costa Rica, in which the length of the aculeus was around 4.16 mm and the tip from 0.37 mm to 0.40 mm (Norrbom 2002). Nevertheless, the width of the aculeus and the shape of the tip where in agreement with the discription of Norrbom (2002). The aculeus was around 0.15mm wide, the basal part of the tip had almost parallel sides, gradually tapering with minute and rounded teeth. In view of the intense surveying of fruit ies underway in the State of Amap, six species of Anastrepha - A. anomala, Anastrepha bahiensis Lima, Anastrepha hastata Stone, Anasrepha parishi Stone, Anastrepha shannoni Stone and Anastrepha sodalis Stone were recently recorded, thereby raising the total to 24 species (Zucchi 2008). Thus, with the record of A. pseudanomala, 25 species are known in the state, and hosts are unknown only for six (24%) of them.

Acknowledgments
We wish to thank Carlos Alberto Moraes for helping in collecting fruits, Salustiano Vilar da Costa Neto for the identication of the host plant and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientco e Tecnolgico (CNPq) for the fellowship granted to the rst author.

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Jesus et al - First Record of Anastrepha pseudanomala Norrbom (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its Host in Brazil

References
Falco M A, Clement C R, Gomes J B M (2003) Fenologia e produtividade da sorva (Couma utilis (Mart.) Muell. Arg.) na Amaznia Central. Acta Bot Bras 17: 541-547. Norrbom A L (2002) A revision of the Anastrepha serpentina species group (Diptera: Tephritidae). Proc Entomol Soc Wash 104: 390-436.

Zucchi R A (2008) Fruit ies in Brazil - Anastrepha species and their hosts plants. Disponvel em: <www.lea.esalq.usp.br/ anastrepha/> Accessed in 25 Nov 2009.

Received 14/XII/09. Accepted 04/I/10.