Solution Of Triangles

SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 10.1 SINE RULE

A c b

a b c = = sin A sin B sin C

C

1. Find the length of AB in each of the following triangles. Example: A (a) AB 8 A 7cm = 8cm sin35 sin60 45 60 B 8sin35 35 AB = 60 C sin 60 B = 5.298 cm (b)
7.5cm

[8.573cm]

(c)

A
10cm

40

35

28

110

[9.121cm]

[20.016cm]

(d)

A
105 32 7.5cm

(e)
6.8cm

A
100 50

[7.955cm]

[10.418cm]

Solution Of Triangles

2. Find the angle A for each of the following triangles. Example: (a) 8 7 C = sin A sin 36 1 cm 0 8cm 7cm 8sin 36 A sin A = 36 7 B A = 0.6718 A = 42.20

8cm 8 5

[52.84]

(b)
1 .4cm 2

(c)
C

A
7 6

8.2cm
1 .2cm 0

B
6.5cm

52

[52.95]

[83.78]

(d)
16cm

(e)
A
16c m

B
9cm 110

B
C
12c m 12 5

[31.92]

[37.91]

(f)
B
8cm

(g)
B
5cm 40 7cm

48 10cm

[62.11]

[78.86]

Solution Of Triangles

Obtuse Angle Find the angle P for each of the following triangles, given that P is an obtuse angle) Example
R 13cm 7cm Q 30

(a)
Q 14 cm 32

R
P

10 cm

13 7 = sin P sin 30 13sin 30 sin P = 7 = 0.9286 P = 117.79

[132.11]

(b)
P 8c m 17c m R Q 27

(c)
R 26 11cm

Q P 6cm

[105.26]

[126.52]

(d)
P Q 3 2 8.8c m 5.6c m

(e)
Q 10cm P 12cm

46 R

[123.62]

[120.32]

Solution Of Triangles

10.2 Cosine Rule

A c b

a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2bc cos A b 2 = a 2 + c 2 2ac cos B c 2 = a 2 + b2 2ab cos C

a C

4. Find the length of BC for each of the following triangles: Example: (a)
A 6cm 80 5cm

7cm 44 8cm C

B
2 2 2

BC = 5 + 6 2(5)(6) cos80 = 50.581 BC = 7.112cm (b)

9cm 60 B 8cm A

[5.695cm]

(c)
7c m B C
C

A 10 0 9c m

[8.544cm]

[12.324cm]

(d)
C

(e)
B 5cm 125 6cm A

7cm

120 A 6cm B
C

[11.269cm]

[9.768cm]

Solution Of Triangles

5. Find the angle B for each of the following triangles: Example (a)
A 6cm 5cm C
C

7cm

5cm

B 6cm 5.2cm

62 = 52 + 72 2(5)(7) cos B 36 = 25 + 49 70 cos B 70 cos B = 38 cos B = 0.5429 B = 57.12 (b)

A 8.2cm B 5.6cm C C 5.8cm 6.4cm 10.2cm B

[72.03]

(c)
8.6cm A

[42.94]

[57.42]

(d)
A 10.3cm 5cm

(e)
A 5cm 11cm C
C 9.6cm B

10.5cm B

[28.83]

[26.77]

Solution Of Triangles

10.3 Area of triangles

A c b

Area =

a C

1 ab sin C 2 1 = bc sin A 2 1 = ac sin B 2

6. Find the area of the following triangles: Example:

5.2cm C 52 6.8cm B

(a)
B C 6cm 105 A 7.4cm

1 Area = 5.2 6.8sin 52 2 = 13.932cm 2 (b)

B 6.2cm 4 8 5.8cm A

[21.444cm2]

(c)
B

10 cm 110 C 12 .2cm

[13.362cm2]

[57.321cm2]

(d)
A 45 11cm 12.5cm C

(e)
R

P
B

104 9.4cm Q

7.2cm

[48.614cm2]

[32.835cm2]

(f)
P R 7.5cm 65 Q 6.8cm

(g)
12cm P 125 10.5cm R

[23.111cm2]

[51.607cm2]

Solution Of Triangles

10.4 Problem Solving involving Sine Rule and Cosine Rule Example:
S

Find (i) the length of PR (ii) angle PSR a ) PR 2 = 92 + 72 2(9)(7) cos 88 = 125.603 PR = 11.207cm 11.207 10 b) = sin PSR sin 42 11.207 sin 42 sin PSR = 10 PSR = 48.58 Find (i) angle PRQ (ii) the length of RS

42

R 88 Q 7cm

9cm

(a)
P 7.2cm 4.2cm Q 5.2cm R 65

[(i) 99.43 (ii) 2.620cm]

(b)
A 65 B 7cm C 9cm D 8cm

Find (i) angle ACD (ii) the length of AB

[(i) 61.33 (ii)12.91cm] Find (i) angle BCA (ii) the length of CD

(c)
A 8cm 10cm D 30 B

[(i) 141.31 (ii)12.49cm]

Solution Of Triangles

(d)
A B 8cm 40 C 11cm D 6cm

Given the area of ABD = 12cm2, calculate (i) the length of BD (ii) angle CBD

[(i) 6.223cm (ii)100.58] (e)

P 5 2 9.4cm R

Calculate (i) angle PSR (ii) the length of PS (iii) the area of PQS

8cm S

[(i) 112.19 (ii)2.765cm (iii)10.24cm2] (f)

R 6.5cm 32 9cm 8cm Q

Find (i) angle RQS (ii) the length of PR

P S

[ (i)47.20 (ii)9.31cm]

Solution Of Triangles

The following diagram show a tent VABC in the shape of a pyramid with triangle ABC as the horizontal base. V is the vertex of the tent and the angle between ten inclined plane VBC and the base is 50.
V

A C B

Given that VB = VC = 2.2 m and AB = Ac = 2.6 cm, calculate (a) the length of BC if the area of the base is 3 m2, (b) the length of AV if the angle between AV and the base is 25, (c) the area of triangle VAB. The following diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD such that ABC is acute.
D 5.2cm 9.8cm 12.3cm A 40.5 C 9.5cm

Calculate (i) ABC, (ii) ADC, (iii) the area, in cm2, of quadrilateral ABCD.

Solution Of Triangles

20cm

65 B 15cm C

(a) Calculate the length, in cm, of AC. (b) A quadrilateral ABCD is now formed so that AC is a diagonal, ACD = 40 and AD = 16 cm. Calculate the two possible values of ADC. (c) By using the acute ADC from (b), calculate (i) the length, in cm of CD, (ii) the area, in cm2, of the quadrilateral ABCD. The following diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD. 5cm D 40 C

6cm

B 9cm A The area of triangle BCD is 13cm2 and BCD is acute. Calculate (a) BCD, (b) the length, in cm, of BD, (c) ABD, (d) the area, in cm2, quadrilateral ABCD.