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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Title of Project: Impact of Climate Change on Vulnerabilities Profile of Agricultural Community in Niwari Block of Tikamgarh District

(Madhya Pradesh) Host Organisation: Development Alternatives, New Delhi Reporting Officer: Dr. Mustafa Ali Khan Authors: Chinmaya Kumar Biswal (9201011) and Yogendra Kumar Ganjir (9201045) Project Period: 2 months (5th July 5th September) MTS segment: MTS - 1 Objectives of the Project: The objectives of the study are as follows: To conduct vulnerability assessments for vulnerabilities at household, community level understanding climate induced

To identify existing adaptation practices at community level in Niwari block of Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh To study about the green economy scenario and various scope in India as a solution impact due to climate change and emerging sector of green economy and opportunities for future

Methodology: The coverage area of the study was spread across 20 villages of 14 Gram Panchayats and 1 Nagar Panchayat in Niwari block. The sample was selected on the basis of (i) random sampling (ii) household survey (iii) individual interview. The farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Major Findings/Analysis: With reference to the field survey done on climate change and green economy the major findings are stated below: I.

Impact of Climate Change on Vulnerability Profile: Average landholding of the farmers is 2 hectares and 81% of the farmers land and soil characteristics are good for agricultural purposes 93% of farmers are capable of getting information on government policies and functioning of the government 96% of farmers are aware about ongoing trends regarding jobs, commodity trading in the market and they also perceive agricultural activities to be highly sensitive to weather phenomenon.

80% of the farmers are not satisfied with the operations of the government departments 15% of farmers have changed their Rabi crop from wheat to other crops such as sesame, lentils etc. Money had been borrowed by 70% of the farmers. 52% of the money is being lent out by informal institutions such as villagers and money lenders Average credit per family in a year is Rs. 9000/55 % of the surveyed population had undertaken migration in the last 5 years. Out of these in 67% cases only the bread winners had migrated while in the other 33% cases entire family had migrated 72% of the migration took place for fulfillment of basic needs The primary reason of shifting away from agriculture has been poor returns Migration of farmers was absorbed by the construction labor sector in high infrastructure growth centers such as Gurgaon, Delhi, Faridabad, Jhansi etc 42% households who have been identified as Below Poverty Line (BPL) households, are more vulnerable as they are solely dependent on agricultural activities which is majorly affected by climate change. 46% households who are above poverty line have diversified their livelihood pattern which has resulted in less vulnerability for them. The findings referring to the third objective are stated below: An annual mean surface temperature rise by the end of this century, ranging from 3C to 5C (under A2 scenario) and 2.5C to 4C (under B2 scenario), with the warming more pronounced in the northern parts of India. A 2 per cent rise in all India summer monsoon rainfall and a further rise in rainfall is projected over all states except Punjab, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu, which show a slight decrease. Extreme rise in maximum and minimum temperatures is also expected and similarly extreme precipitation is also projected, particularly over the West Coast of India and West Central India.

II.

Conclusion: Based on the fore explained findings the following can be concluded: The prevailing drought situation has resulted in inadequate agricultural production which has been the major reason of the downfall in the economical condition of majority of households To cope up with the downfall in economical status, alternative means have been adopted by the farmers community such as shifting cropping pattern, taking loans from informal institutions, selling and mortgaging assets and migrating to various places in search of both skilled and unskilled labor work

Based on the specifications with respect to mitigation of climate change the following substance can be suggested Moderate Energy Demand by Increasing Energy Efficiency- Additional fuel efficiency improvements possible by reducing vehicle weight, horsepower or noncritical amenities, or by developing step-out technologies

Energy Efficient & Eco Friendly Equipment- This sector of the green economy includes activities related to increasing energy efficiency and making energy demand response more effective. Because this sector is closely related to numerous industries, it often defies clear delineation. Increase Industrial Sector Energy Efficiency- Energy Conservation Act has provided regulatory impetus to energy efficiency activities in industries. Following sectors identified as designated consumers of energy efficiency activities: Use of Renewable Energy- considered to be one of the viable options to meet the challenge of achieving national economic development while conserving natural resources that have been depleted due to the rapid growth in population, urbanization and fossil fuel consumption. like wind, solar, hydro and biomass. Use of Recycling and waste reduction- Sector activities encompass solid waste and wastewater management, treatment, and reduction, as well as processing recyclable materials. This sector includes municipal waste and recycling as well as wastewater treatment and management. Many firms within this sector typically specialize in designing and manufacturing water purification products. Other firms focus more heavily on managing recycling and/or waste treatment operations

Chinmaya Kumar Biswal Yogendra Kumar Ganjir

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