Definition: acute pyloronephrites is an ascending urinary tract infection that has reached the pyelum or pelvis of the kidney.

It is a form of nephritis that is also referred to aspyelitis. Severe cases of pyelonephritis can lead to pyonephrosis (pus accumulation around the kidney), urosepsis (a systemic inflammatory response of the body to infection), failure and even death. Signs and symptoms: Pyelonephritis can cause high fever, pain on passing urine, and abdominal pain that radiates along the flank towards the back. There is often associated vomiting. Acute pyelonephritis causes persistent flank or abdominal pain, signs of infection (fever, unintentional weight loss, malaise, decreased appetite), lower urinary tract symptoms and blood in the urine.

Schematic diagram: Predisposing Factors: Age, Gender, Race, Family History Precipitating Factors: Smoking, Excessive alcohol intake, diet, exercise,
(E. Coli)Bacteria enters the renal pelvis

Fev er

Causing inflammatory response

Increase white blood

Shifting of fluid, accumulation of fluid beneath the skin

Accumulation of polymorphonuclear/granulocyt e lymphocytes around the renal tubule

Edema Decrease renal function Fibrosis and scar tissue

Enlarge Kidneys Flank pain Hematuri a

Decreased tubular reabsorption