ESCOLA BSICA DO PROF.

CARLOS TEIXEIRA

ENGLISH GRAMMAR

VERBAL TENSES
SIMPLE PRESENT USE: -to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly, or - that something is true in general. exs: -The earth goes round the sun. -Nurses look after patients in hospitals. -I go to school everyday FORM: Infinitive without to. Remember he/ she/ it add -s I work in a bank. Barry works in a shop. IF the verb ends in -sh, -ch, -x, -s and -o we add -es IF the verb ends in a consonant +-y the y changes into I and we add es Generally it occurs with: Every day, always, never, usually, regurlaly, often, seldom, rarely, etc SIMPLE PAST USE: -to talk about actions or situations in the past. exs: -Mr Edwards died ten years ago. -We all left the party at 11 oclock. FORM: Regular verbs form the past tense adding -ed to the infinitive. Irregular verbs have different forms; drink/drank. Generally it occurs with: yesterday, last week/ month/ year, ago PRESENT CONTINUOUS USE: -to talk about actions that are occurring at the moment of speaking. exs: -Susan is reading a text. -At this moment George is giving an interview. FORM: Simple present of to be + main verb + -ing Generally it occurs with: at this moment, now, today. PAST CONTINUOUS USE: -to talk about an action that was in progress in the past and wasnt finished. exs: -Tom burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner. -It was raining when I got up. FORM: past tense of to be + main verb + -ing It often occurs with : when, while

ESCOLA BSICA DO PROF. CARLOS TEIXEIRA

ENGLISH GRAMMAR FUTURE WITH WILL USE: -to predict the future -when we decide to do something at the time of speaking. The speaker has not decided before. exs: -When you return home, youll notice a lot of changes. -Jane: Ive got a terrible headache. -Mary: Have you? Wait there and Ill get an aspirin for you. FORM: will + infinitive (without to ) Negative : will not = wont It often occurs with: probably, (Im) sure, (I) expect, (I) think. FUTURE WITH GOING TO USE: -to talk about the near future -to talk about intentions (when we have already decided to do something.) exs: -Susan: Why are you turning on the television ? -Robert: Im going to watch the news. FORM: verb to be + going to + infinitive. PRESENT PERFECT USE: (It connects the past and the present) - To talk about something which started in the past and continuous up to the present. - To talk about a past action which result is connected to the present. exs: - We have already tried this restaurant. - We have just sent him a telefax. - have you ever tried skydiving. FORM: Have / Has + Past participle of the main verb. Generally it occurs with: Never, ever, already, yet, just, since, for. PAST PERFECT USE: (It connects the past and the present) - To talk about something which started in the past and continuous up to the present. - To talk about a past action which result is connected to the present. exs: - We have already tried this restaurant. - We have just sent him a telefax. - have you ever tried skydiving. FORM: Have / Has + Past participle of the main verb. Generally it occurs with: Never, ever, already, yet, just, since, for.