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body.
(2) In heating a solid by conduction, energy
is transferred as a result of particle
vibrations. T0
A (1) only.
Which of the following statements is/are
B (2) only. correct?
C (2) and (3) only. (1) The specific latent heat of fusion of X is
D
D (1), (2) and (3). larger than that of Y.
(2) When both are in liquid state, the specific
E 13 When a solid is melting, which of the heat capacity of X is larger than that of Y.
following statements is/are correct?
(3) When heating stops, the average KE of
(1) The average potential energy of the the molecules of the 2 substances are
particles remains unchanged. about the same.
(2) The average separation between the A (1) only.
particles is increased.
B (2) only.
(3) The average kinetic energy of the
C (2) and (3) only.
particles remains unchanged. C
D (1), (2) and (3).
A (1) only.
B (2) only.
C (2) and (3) only.
C
D (1), (2) and (3).
1 Figure a shows an engine cooling system. Water (at 25 ° C) takes in energy from the Page total
hot engine and carries it to the radiator where it is released into the air. Normally, the
water enters the radiator at 75 ° C. There is 5 kg of water in the engine cooling system.
25 ° C
pump
Fig a
(a) The flow rate of water is 2 kg s–1. Find the energy absorbed by the water in one
second.
(Note: specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg–1 ° C–1)
(2 marks)
= 2 (4200)(75 – 25)
(b) The radiator becomes faulty and stops functioning. The engine gets overheated
and all water (at 75 ° C) is heated to boil. Steam (at 100 ° C) leaks from the joints of
the engine. Calculate the energy absorbed by the water when all of it boils away.
(2 marks)
(c) Suggest TWO reasons why water is regarded as an excellent cooling agent.
(2 marks)
Fig b
Explain why there are such differences in temperature readings in the 3 set-ups.
(5 marks)
In box B and box C, the silvery walls reflect part of the radiation (1A)
and the water absorbs some of the reflected radiation again. (1A)
Besides, there is no air in box C to conduct energy away from the water. (1A)
fans
vapour pump vapour
Fig c Fig d
(a) (i) Which side (A or B) of the pipe is cooled by this process? Explain briefly
how it is cooled. (2 marks)
E (ii) What are the changes in the particles of the refrigerant in the pipe on side A
during this process? (2 marks)
(b) Explain why the pipe on side A and B is not straight. (2 marks)
(c) Two electric fans (Fig d) are usually installed in the air-conditioner. Sketch in
Figure c to show where they should be placed. (2 marks)
When the refrigerant evaporates, it absorbs latent heat of vaporization from the coil. (1A)
and hence the potential energy between the molecules increases. (1A)
on which air can exchange heat with the pipe more efficiently. (1A)
(c) One electric fan on the left of the insulating mat, blowing air to the left. (1A)
One electric fan on the right of the insulating mat, blowing air to the right. (1A)
END OF PAPER