Rated Ground and Test Devices

IEEE Standard for 4.
76 kV to 38 kV Rated Ground and Test Devices Used in Enclosures
C37.20.6
IEEE Power Engineering Society

Sponsored by the Switchgear Committee
IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA 18 March 2008
IEEE Std C37.20.6-2007

(Revision of IEEE Std C37.20.6-1997)
Authorized licensed use limited to: INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KANPUR. Downloaded on December 19, 2009 at 03:30 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
IEEE Std C37.20.6-2007

(Revision of IEEE Std C37.20.6-1997)
IEEE Standard for 4.76 kV to 38 kV Rated Ground and Test Devices Used in Enclosures
Sponsor
Switchgear Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society

Approved 5 December 2007
IEEE-SA Standards Board
Abstract: Drawout-type ground and test devices for use in medium-voltage metal-clad switchgear rated 4.76 kV through 38 kV are covered. The description, design, and testing of these accessory devices that are inserted in place of drawout circuit breakers for the purpose of grounding and testing are also covered. Keywords: electrical operation, ground and test (G&T) devices, locking/interlocking, manual operation, one or two terminal sets, selector switch, test port
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2008 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 18 March 2008. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Incorporated. PDF: Print: ISBN 978-0-7381-5380-3 ISBN 978-0-7381-5381-0 STD95763 STDPD95763
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Introduction
This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C37.20.6-2007, IEEE Standard for 4.76 kV to 38 kV Rated Ground and Test Devices Used in Enclosures.
Although ground and test (G&T) devices have been used as accessory devices in metal-clad switchgear for decades, they were not covered by standards until the original (1997) edition of this standard. This is because they are specialized accessory devices, designed and tested in accordance with applicable sections of circuit breaker standards, and based on user-unique operational requirements. This standard complements IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999, IEEE Standard for Metal-Clad Switchgear,a and addresses the more common G&T device types. This standard also clarifies that G&T devices are not required to have the interrupting and continuous current ratings of the circuit breakers they may temporarily replace for the purpose of grounding and testing medium-voltage circuits. This revised edition recognizes that some devices may be offered that have interrupting capability, and specifies applicable tests to verify such ratings. G&T devices are supplied in various forms and the following list generally summarizes the more common forms: a) Simple manual devices. These devices are equipped with either one or two terminal sets for grounding through cables, manually connected to the device ground connection system. Hot stick voltage testing is possible. Complex manual devices. These devices are equipped with one or two terminal sets, and a manually operated switch. In the case of a device with one terminal set, the switch allows connection of the terminal set to the device ground connection system or disconnection of the terminal set from the device ground connection system. In the case of a device with two terminal sets, the switch allows selection of which terminal set to connect to the device ground connection system. In either case, the switch is manually operated and is not required to have any continuous or fault-making current ratings. Simple electrical devices. These devices are equipped with one terminal set connected, through a power-operated ground-making switch, to the device ground connection system. Voltage test ports may be provided. A second terminal set may be included for connection to test ports. Complex electrical devices. These devices are equipped with two terminal sets and a manually operated switch for selecting which terminal set is to be connected, through the power-operated ground-making switch, to the device ground connection system. Voltage test ports may be provided.
b)
c)
d)
All G&T devices are equipped with necessary isolation barriers and locking or interlocking mechanisms to provide some degree of protection during handling and operation. This standard does not cover G&T devices that are specially equipped with current and voltage transformers, glow-tubes, and like components. This revision uses the rating system introduced in IEEE Std C37.04-1999 [B2],b with voltage range factor (K) set equal to 1.0, effectively eliminating the voltage range factor from the ratings basis. It is recognized that some G&T devices may be required for use with equipment manufactured and rated to the older rating system. For such applications, the user should refer to the 1997 edition of this standard.
___________________________________
a b
Information on references can be found in Clause 2. The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex A.
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Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved.
G&T devices designed before the approval of this standard may not meet all of these established requirements. The user should consult with the manufacturer if any question exists regarding the proper application of these G&T devices on the users system. Suggestions gained from use of this standard will be welcomed for guidance in future revisions of this standard.
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Participants
At the time this standard was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the 4.76 kV to 38 kV Rated Grounding and Testing Devices Used in Enclosures, C37.20.6, Working Group had the following membership: Ted A. Burse, Chair T. W. Olsen, Vice Chair
Paul D. Barnhart Eldridge R. Byron Patrick J. DiLillo Peter W. Dwyer Larry B. Farr Ronald D. Hartzel Teresa I. Hood Chung-Yiu Lam Ward E. Laubach Albert Livshitz Deepak Mazumdar Nigel P. McQuin Anne F. Morgan Miklos J. Orosz Amit R. Patel Duane L. Pearson Anthony T. Ricciuti James E. Smith Paul B. Sullivan Sylvester K. Toe
The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention.
William J. Ackerman Stan Arnot Paul D. Barnhart Bill Bergman Steven Bezner Thomas Blair William G. Bloethe Steven R. Brockschink Chris Brooks David Burns Ted A. Burse Eldridge R. Byron Tommy Cooper Alexander Dixon Louis Doucet Donald Dunn Gary Engmann Paul W. Forquer James Graham Randall Groves Gary A. Heuston David W. Jackson R. Jackson Harry Josten Joseph L. Koepfinger Boris Kogan Jim Kulchisky Chung-Yiu Lam Stephen Lambert Albert Livshitz Federico Lopez Frank W. Mayle Gary L. Michel Georges Montillet Anne F. Morgan Charles Morse Jerry Murphy Michael Newman T. W. Olsen Miklos J. Orosz Christopher J. Petrola Iulian Profir John D. Randolph Anthony T. Ricciuti Michael A. Roberts Charles W. Rogers Charles Ross Bartien Sayogo Devki Sharma James E. Smith James E. Smith Jerry Smith Paul B. Sullivan S. H. Telander Malcolm Thaden Dennis Thonsgard John Vergis Waldemar G. Von Miller Larry Yonce Matthew Zeedyk Sandeep Zope
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When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 5 December 2007, it had the following membership: Steve M. Mills, Chair Robert M. Grow, Vice Chair Don Wright, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary
Richard DeBlasio Alex Gelman William R. Goldbach Arnold M. Greenspan Joanna N. Guenin Kenneth S. Hanus William B. Hopf Richard H. Hulett *Member Emeritus Hermann Koch Joseph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick David J. Law Glenn Parsons Ronald C. Petersen Tom A. Prevost Narayanan Ramachandran Greg Ratta Robby Robson Anne-Marie Sahazizian Virginia C. Sulzberger Malcolm V. Thaden Richard L. Townsend Howard L. Wolfman
Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons:
Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative Michael H. Kelley, NIST Representative Lorraine Patsco IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Matthew J. Ceglia IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development
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Contents
1. Overview .................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose ................................................................................................................................................ 2 2. Normative references.................................................................................................................................. 2 3. Definitions .................................................................................................................................................. 2 4. Service conditions ...................................................................................................................................... 4 5. Ratings........................................................................................................................................................ 4 5.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 4 5.2 Rated maximum voltage and dielectric withstand voltage .................................................................. 4 5.3 Rated power frequency ........................................................................................................................ 4 5.4 Rated short-time withstand current...................................................................................................... 4 5.5 Rated momentary withstand current .................................................................................................... 4 5.6 Rated control voltage........................................................................................................................... 5 5.7 Closing and latching current capability ............................................................................................... 5 6. Functional components............................................................................................................................... 5 6.1 Power-operated ground-making switch position indicator .................................................................. 5 6.2 Terminal selector switch and position indicator .................................................................................. 5 6.3 Stored energy indicator........................................................................................................................ 6 6.4 Interlocking.......................................................................................................................................... 6 6.5 Nameplate(s)........................................................................................................................................ 7 7. Test requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 8 7.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 8 7.2 Design tests.......................................................................................................................................... 8 7.3 Schedule of design tests....................................................................................................................... 8 7.4 Production tests.................................................................................................................................. 14 8. Construction ............................................................................................................................................. 15 8.1 General .............................................................................................................................................. 15 8.2 Instructions ........................................................................................................................................ 15 8.3 Cable specifications........................................................................................................................... 15 8.4 Remote electrical control................................................................................................................... 16
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9. Application ............................................................................................................................................... 16 9.1 General .............................................................................................................................................. 16 9.2 Locking and interlocking equipment ................................................................................................. 17 9.3 Utilization .......................................................................................................................................... 17 9.4 Primary disconnecting devices compartment compatibility .............................................................. 17 9.5 Storage and maintenance before use.................................................................................................. 17 Annex A (informative) Bibliography ........................................................................................................... 19
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IEEE Standard for 4.76 kV to 38 kV Rated Ground and Test Devices Used in Enclosures
IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to assure safety, security, health, or environmental protection in all circumstances. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading Important Notice or Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents. They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http://standards.ieee.org/IPR/ disclaimers.html.
1. Overview
1.1 Scope
This standard covers drawout-type, indoor, medium-voltage ground and test (G&T) devices for use in drawout metal-clad switchgear rated 4.76 kV through 38 kV as described in IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999.1 Four G&T device types are generally supplied for temporary circuit maintenance procedures for insertion in place of the circuit breaker as follows: a) b) c) d) Simple manual devices Complex manual devices Simple electrical devices Complex electrical devices
There may be more complicated G&T devices that may include current and/or voltage transformers, glowtubes, or other accessory components. These more complex devices are not covered by this standard. Due to their complexity, additional testing and interlocking are required, and manufacturers should be consulted for the availability and ratings of these types of devices.
Information on references can be found in Clause 2.
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IEEE Std C37.20.6-2007 IEEE Standard for 4.76 kV to 38 kV Rated Ground and Test Devices Used in Enclosures
1.2 Purpose
Although G&T devices have been used as accessory devices in metal-clad switchgear for decades, they were not addressed in the standards until IEEE Std C37.20.6-1997 was approved. This is because they are specialized accessory devices, designed and tested in accordance with applicable sections of circuit breaker standards, and based on user-unique operational requirements. This revised standard complements IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999 and addresses the more common G&T device types. This standard also clarifies that G&T devices are not required to have the interrupting and continuous current ratings of the circuit breakers they may temporarily replace for the purpose of grounding and testing medium-voltage circuits.
2. Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. ANSI C37.06, American National Standard for SwitchgearAC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current BasisPreferred Ratings and Related Required Capabilities.2 IEEE Std 4-1995, IEEE Standard Techniques for High-Voltage Testing.3, 4 IEEE Std 4a-2001, Amendment to IEEE Standard Techniques for High-Voltage Testing. IEEE Std C37.09-1999, IEEE Standard Test Procedure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis. IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999, IEEE Standard for Metal-Clad Switchgear. NFPA 70E-2004, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace.5
3. Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms [B1]6 and IEEE Std C37.100 [B3] should be referenced for terms not defined in this clause.
NOTEIf a term is not defined in this standard or in The Authoritative Dictionary [B1], the definition in IEEE Std C37.100 [B3] applies. An asterisk (*) indicates that the definition in this standard is not given in IEEE Std C37.100 [B3], while a dagger () indicates that the definition differs from that given in IEEE Std C37.100 [B3].7
ANSI publications are available from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (http://www.ansi.org/). 3 IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (http://standards.ieee.org/). 4 The IEEE standards or products referred to in this clause are trademarks of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 5 NFPA publications are available from Publications Sales, National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101, USA (http://www.nfpa.org/). 6 The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex A. 7 Notes in text, tables, and figures of a standard are given for information only and do not contain requirements needed to implement this standard.
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3.1 complex electrical ground and test device*: A device with two terminal sets and a manually operated terminal selector switch for connecting either terminal set to the device ground connection system through a power-operated ground-making switch, complete with necessary isolation barriers and suitable interlocking. Test ports may be provided. These devices may, but are not required to, have interrupting capability. 3.2 complex manual ground and test device*: A device with one or two terminal sets, and a manually operated switch, complete with necessary isolation barriers and suitable interlocking. In the case of a device with one terminal set, the switch allows connection of the terminal set to the device ground connection system or disconnection of the terminal set from the device ground connection system. In the case of a device with two terminal sets, the switch allows selection of which terminal set to connect to the device ground connection system. In either case, the switch is not required to have any continuous or fault-making current ratings. 3.3 design tests: Tests made by the manufacturer to determine the adequacy of the design of a particular type, style, or model of equipment or its component parts to meet its assigned ratings and to operate satisfactorily under normal service conditions or under special conditions if specified, and may be used to demonstrate compliance with applicable standards of the industry. Syn: type tests.
NOTEDesign tests are made on representative apparatuses or prototypes to verify the validity of design analyses and calculation methods and to substantiate the ratings assigned to all other apparatuses of basically the same design. These tests are not intended to be made on every design variation or to be used as part of normal production. The applicable portion of these design tests may also be used to evaluate modifications of a previous design and to ensure that performance has not been adversely affected. Test data from previous similar designs may also be used for current designs, where appropriate. Once made, the tests need not be repeated unless the design is changed so as to modify performance.
3.4 ground and test (G&T) device*: A term applied to a switchgear assembly accessory device that can be inserted in place of a drawout circuit breaker for the purpose of grounding the main bus and/or external circuits connected to the switchgear assembly and/or primary circuit testing. 3.5 production tests: Tests made for quality control by the manufacturer on every device or representative samples, or on parts or materials as required to verify during production that the product meets the design specifications and applicable standards. Syn: routine tests.
NOTECertain quality assurance tests on identified critical parts of repetitive high-production devices may be tested on a planned statistical sampling basis.
3.6 simple electrical ground and test device*: A device with one terminal set and a power-operated ground-making switch for connecting the terminal set to the device ground connection system, complete with necessary isolation barriers and suitable interlocking. Test ports may be provided. These devices may, but are not required to, have interrupting capability. A second terminal set may be included for connection to test ports. 3.7 simple manual ground and test device*: A device with one or two terminal sets with provisions for connecting either terminal set through manually installed cables, bus or other conductors to the device ground connection system, complete with necessary isolation barriers and suitable interlocking.
NOTECables are synonymous with manually installed cords of any type.
3.8 terminal set*: A set of three primary terminals with primary disconnecting devices typically called upper or lower, front or back, or bus or line depending upon design configuration.
NOTEIn this standard, the terms upper and lower are used to identify the location of different terminal sets.
3.9 test port*: A design element that provides a means for use of test probes, such as for testing for the presence of voltage, testing phasing, applying withstand test voltages, or performing low current tests.
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4. Service conditions
Service conditions covering G&T devices are the same as those of metal-clad switchgear (see IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999).
5. Ratings
5.1 General
The designated ratings in this standard are preferred and are not considered restrictive. The ratings of G&T devices are designations of operating limits under the service conditions specified in Clause 4. Since G&T devices do not require all of the capabilities of circuit breakers, these ratings are established as the minimum required capabilities for the devices (see Clause 9). The required rated values are to be assigned from the tables of preferred ratings given in ANSI C37.06.
5.2 Rated maximum voltage and dielectric withstand voltage

5.2.1 Rated maximum voltage The rated maximum voltage of a G&T device shall not be less than the rating of the circuit breaker it is intended to temporarily replace. 5.2.2 Rated dielectric withstand The rated dielectric withstand of a G&T device shall not be less than the voltage withstand ratings of the circuit breaker it is intended to temporarily replace, as shown by the following: a) b) Rated power frequency withstand voltage Rated impulse withstand voltage
If optional functional components are supplied, they shall meet the dielectric strength requirements of the G&T device.
5.3 Rated power frequency

The rated power frequency of a G&T device is 60 Hz.
5.4 Rated short-time withstand current

The rated short-time withstand current of a G&T device is the rated short-time current of the switchgear assembly in which the device is intended to be temporarily inserted in place of a circuit breaker. It shall be in accordance with 5.4.5 and 5.4.6 of IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999.
5.5 Rated momentary withstand current

The rated momentary withstand current of a G&T device is the maximum root-mean-square (rms) total current it shall be required to withstand. The symmetrical current shall be the rated short-time current (I); the peak current value shall be 2.6 times its rated short-time current, at the major peak of the maximum 4
cycle, and the rms total current shall be 1.55 times its rated short-time current, as determined from the envelope of the current wave. This rating shall be no less than the rated closing and latching current capability of the circuit breaker it is intended to replace.
5.6 Rated control voltage

The rated control voltage of an electrically operated G&T device is the designated voltage that is to be applied to the operating mechanism of the power-operated ground-making switch.
5.7 Closing and latching current capability

The closing and latching current capability of an electrically operated G&T device is the maximum rms total current that the power-operated ground-making switch shall be required to close into and carry. The symmetrical current shall be the rated short-time withstand current; the peak current value shall be 2.6 times the rated short-time withstand current at the major peak of the maximum cycle; the rms total current shall be 1.55 times the rated short-time current, as determined from the envelope of the current wave. This rating shall be no less than the required closing and latching current capability of the circuit breaker it is intended to replace.
6. Functional components
The functional components required for manual and electrical G&T devices are listed in Table 1. Additional accessory devices may be available, and the manufacturer should be consulted for specific information.
6.1 Power-operated ground-making switch position indicator

Each G&T device equipped with a power-operated ground-making switch shall have an indicator visible from the front of the device when installed in the enclosure to show the closed and open position of the power-operated ground-making switch. The following colors shall be used: a) b) Red background with the words CLOSED-GROUNDED in contrasting color to indicate closed contacts Green background with the words OPEN-UNGROUNDED in contrasting color to indicate open contacts
6.2 Terminal selector switch and position indicator

The manually operated terminal selector switch provides the ability to connect the power-operated groundmaking switch to either terminal set (or neutral position if provided). The terminal selector switch position shall be able to be changed only when the G&T device is fully removed from the enclosure, and means for visual verification of the terminal switch position shall be provided. A position indicator, visible from the front when the device is installed in the enclosure, shall show which terminal set has been selected (including the neutral position if provided).
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Table 1 Functional components

Device type Functional component One terminal set a Two terminal sets a Ground cable and connectors (see 8.3) Ground connection system Test ports Test probes Power-operated ground-making switch Ground-making switch position indicator (see 6.1) Manual opening release Remote electrical control (see 8.4) Electrical opening release (see 8.4) Stored energy indicator (see 6.3) Manually operated terminal selector switch (see 6.2) Terminal selector switch position indicator (see 6.2) Interlocking (see 6.4) Nameplate(s) (see 6.5)
a b
Simple manual X Xb X X X X
Complex manual X Xb X X X X
Simple electrical X X b X b X X X X X b X c X X X
Complex electrical X X Xb Xb X X X X Xb Xc X X X X
Primary disconnecting devices as required for compartment compatibility. Optional. c Required on stored energy closing mechanisms when the mechanism can remain in the charged position.
6.3 Stored energy indicator

For mechanisms intended to be charged and to remain charged until released, a stored energy indicator shall be provided. The following colors shall be used: a) b) Yellow background with black lettering to indicate that the closing mechanism is CHARGED White background with black lettering to indicate that the closing mechanism is DISCHARGED
6.4 Interlocking
Interlocking for G&T devices can be very detailed depending upon the complexity of the device, especially when it is equipped with multiple functional components. The requirements given in 6.4.1 through 6.4.6 are considered the minimum interlocking requirements. 6.4.1 Insertion and withdrawal All G&T devices shall be able to be inserted and withdrawn from the circuit breaker compartment using the same, or compatible, mechanism design as that of the circuit breakers they temporarily replace, including the drawout position indication. 6.4.2 Coordination All G&T devices shall be equipped with a mechanical interlock, in coordination with existing provisions in the corresponding circuit breaker compartment, to block the G&T device from being inserted into a circuit breaker compartment whose required ratings exceed those of the G&T device.
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6.4.3 Ground-making switch closed Every electrical G&T device shall have mechanical interlocking intended to prevent it from being inserted or withdrawn when the power-operated ground-making switch is closed. 6.4.4 Test port barriers Simple and complex G&T devices equipped with test ports shall have a barrier that prevents inadvertent access to each test port. Secure locking provisions shall be provided to prevent the barrier from being inadvertently moved to expose the ungrounded terminal set. 6.4.5 Terminal sets barriers A simple manual G&T device equipped with two terminal sets shall have a barrier designed to prevent access to the ungrounded terminal set. Secure means shall be provided to prevent the barrier from being inadvertently moved to expose the ungrounded terminal set. 6.4.6 User specified interlocks The user shall specify the interlocking required by the system operating procedures. The user shall identify any additional interlocks required on the G&T device and between the G&T device and users devices, based on the selection of functional components. This interlocking is complex, and may incorporate mechanical interlocks, hasps for keyed padlocks, and/or mounted key interlocks, or a combination of such devices.
6.5 Nameplate(s)
The following minimum information shall be given on the device nameplate(s): a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) l) m) n) o) Manufacturers name Manufacturers type and identification reference Serial number Year of manufacture Rated maximum voltage (in kV) Rated power frequency withstand voltage (in kV) Rated impulse withstand voltage (in kV) Rated power frequency (60 Hz) Rated short-time current (kA symmetrical) Rated momentary current (kA peak and kA rms total current) Rated short-circuit interrupting current (if device has interrupting capability) Rated control voltage (in V) (for electrical G&T devices) Closing and latching current capability (kA peak and kA rms total current) (for electrical G&T devices) Primary disconnecting devices compartment compatibility (in A) Instruction manual number
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7. Test requirements
7.1 General
This clause describes the required design and production tests.
7.2 Design tests

Design tests shall be made to determine the adequacy of a particular type of G&T device to meet its assigned ratings and to operate satisfactorily in service. Design tests shall be made on representative G&T devices to demonstrate the ratings assigned. All design tests shall be made with the G&T device in a test enclosure. The enclosure for a particular type of G&T device shall be either the minimum dimension, single-unit enclosure with the smallest electrical spacing as recommended by the manufacturer, including the phase and ground conductor sizes, or a production switchgear vertical section of the type and rating in which the G&T device will be used. The conditions prevailing at the test site shall be in accordance with Clause 4, and the G&T device may be new or reconditioned.
7.3 Schedule of design tests

Design testing of a G&T device shall be performed in accordance with 7.3.1 through 7.3.6. 7.3.1 Dielectric tests The power frequency withstand voltage test (see 7.3.1.1) and full-wave impulse withstand voltage test (see 7.3.1.2) shall be performed on the G&T device to demonstrate the ability of the insulation system to withstand rated voltages. The tests on the insulation system shall be made under the normal atmospheric conditions prevailing at the test laboratory. Appropriate air density correction factor shall be applied as outlined in IEEE Std 4-1995. Optional humidity correction factors, if used, shall be based on rod gaps as stated in Table 1.3 of IEEE Std 4a-2001, amendment to IEEE Std 4-1995. Test voltages shall be applied between ungrounded primary terminals and the G&T device ground connection system in the following manner: a) b) Simple manual G&T device. Individually energize each terminal (without cables, but with barriers) with frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals grounded. Complex manual G&T device. 1) With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the upper position, individually energize each lower terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test ports grounded. With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the lower position, individually energize each upper terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test ports grounded. With the manually operated terminal selector in the neutral position, individually energize each terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test port grounded. 8
2)
3)
c)
Simple electrical G&T device. With the power-operated ground-making switch open, individually energize each terminal/test port with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test ports grounded. Complex electrical G&T device. 1) With the power-operated ground-making switch open: i) With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the upper position, individually energize each terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test port grounded. With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the lower position, individually energize each terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test ports grounded. With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the neutral position (if provided), individually energize each terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test ports grounded. With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the upper position, individually energize each lower terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test ports grounded. With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the lower position, individually energize each upper terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test ports grounded. With the manually operated terminal selector in the neutral position, if provided, individually energize each terminal/test port, with the frame and device ground connection system and all other terminals/test port grounded.
d)
ii)
iii)
2)
With the power-operated ground-making switch closed: i)
ii)
iii)
For items b), c), and d), if the device includes test ports, the dielectric test voltage shall be applied using a test probe intended for the device. Probes for ports required to be grounded during the test shall be inserted and grounded. 7.3.1.1 Power frequency withstand voltage test A sinusoidal ac voltage shall have a crest value of no less than 1.414 times the rated power frequency withstand voltage value specied, and shall be applied to each terminal as specied in 7.3.1. The frequency shall be within 20% of the rated power frequency. The test voltage shall be gradually increased from zero to the required test value within 30 s to 60 s and shall be held at that voltage value for 1 min. There shall be no flashovers during the tests, and no damage to the insulation shall be observed after the tests. 7.3.1.2 Full-wave impulse withstand voltage test The full-wave impulse withstand voltage, with a wave shape of 1.2/50 s, shall be as described in IEEE Std 41995. Tests shall be applied as specied in 7.3.1, with three positive and three negative impulses applied to each ungrounded terminal and test port (if provided) without ashover of non-self-restoring insulation. If during the rst group of three consecutive impulses, one ashover occurs in the self-restoring insulation, nine additional impulses shall be applied. If the G&T device successfully withstands all nine of the second group of impulses, the ashover in the rst group shall be considered as random, and the G&T device shall be considered as having successfully passed the test.
NOTESome insulating materials retain a charge after an impulse voltage test, and care should be taken when reversing polarity. To allow for the discharge of insulating materials, the use of appropriate methods is recommended, such as the application of reverse polarity impulses at a lower voltage before the full voltage test is performed.
9
7.3.2 Short-time withstand current test A single-phase, short-time withstand current test shall be performed on each G&T device design to demonstrate the thermal withstand capability of all pole components, including the device ground connection system, as follows: a) The simple manual G&T device shall have one set of cables or other conductors connected between the individual terminal farthest from the ground disconnecting device and the ground connection system. The simple electrical G&T device shall have the power-operated ground-making switch closed, connecting the terminal set to the device ground connection system, with the test on the terminal farthest from the ground disconnecting device. Each simple G&T device shall be tested once for each terminal set. The complex manual G&T device shall be tested as follows: 1) 2) e) With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the upper position. With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the lower position.
b)
c) d)
The complex electrical G&T device shall have the power-operated ground-making switch closed and shall be tested as follows: 1) 2) With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the upper position. With the manually operated terminal selector switch in the lower position.
7.3.2.1 Test current The single-phase symmetrical test current shall be no less than the rated short-time current. The current shall be monitored throughout the test and measured by the rms method described in IEEE Std C37.091999. If the test current does not remain constant for the test duration, the value of the average symmetrical current squared times the actual duration of the test shall be no less than 2I2, where I is the rated short-time current of the G&T device. 7.3.2.2 Test voltage The test can be performed at any convenient voltage. 7.3.2.3 Time duration The duration of the current flow shall be no less than 2 s (see 5.4). The demonstrated level of thermal capability shall be determined by integration of the current envelope over the required time using the method described in IEEE Std C37.09-1999. 7.3.2.4 Connections The G&T device shall be in the connected position in a test enclosure with the test power source connected between the selected primary terminal and the test enclosure ground bus. 7.3.2.5 Performance After testing, the G&T device shall meet the following conditions: a) b) It shall be capable of being withdrawn from the enclosure and reinserted via its intended means. The manual G&T device cable (or other conductors), and connections shall have no damage detrimental to the operation of the device 10
c) d) e)
The electrical G&T device power-operated ground-making switch shall open and close on command. The terminal selector switch, if provided, shall be able to be moved to all of its positions. All interlocks shall function as designed.
7.3.3 Momentary current test A three-phase and a single-phase momentary current test shall be performed on each G&T device design, to demonstrate the mechanical withstand capability of the device, including the device ground connection system. All G&T devices shall be tested with a three-phase current source, and then again with a singlephase current source connected to the terminal nearest to the ground disconnecting device, specified as follows: a) Each simple manual G&T device terminal set shall be tested. The simple manual G&T device shall have all cables or other conductors connected from a terminal set to the device ground connection system. The complex manual G&T device shall be tested with the manually operated terminal selector switch closed as follows: 1) 2) c) d) Once with the manually operated terminal selector switch in the upper position. Once with the manually operated terminal selector switch in the lower position.
b)
The simple electrical G&T device shall be tested with the power-operated ground-making switch closed. The complex electrical G&T device shall be tested with the power-operated ground-making switch closed as follows: 1) 2) Once with the manually operated terminal selector switch in the upper position. Once with the manually operated terminal selector switch in the lower position.
7.3.3.1 Test current The test current shall be as follows: a) For the three-phase test, the current shall flow through a terminal set to the device ground connection system. The peak and rms total current values of the maximum offset phase shall not be less than those specified in 5.5, and the average three-phase symmetrical current shall not be less than 90% of the required short-time withstand current. The maximum peak value of the currents shall occur in one of the outside phases. For the single-phase test, the current shall flow between the selected primary terminal nearest to the ground disconnecting device and the test enclosure ground bus. The peak and rms total current values of the single-phase momentary current shall not be less than those specified in 5.5, and the symmetrical current shall be no less than 90% of the required short time withstand current.
b)
7.3.3.2 Test voltage The test can be performed at any convenient voltage. 7.3.3.3 Test duration The duration of the current flow shall not be less than 10 cycles (60 Hz basis).
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7.3.3.4 Test connections The G&T device shall be in the connected position in the test enclosure, and the enclosure ground bus shall be connected to the test station ground for each test. a) b) For the three-phase test, the terminal set under test shall be connected to the test circuit power source. For the single-phase test, the test circuit power source shall be connected between the selected primary terminal and the test enclosure ground bus.
7.3.3.5 Performance After testing, the G&T device shall meet the following conditions: a) b) c) d) e) It shall be capable of being withdrawn from the enclosure and reinserted via its intended means. The manual G&T device cables (or other conductors), and connectors shall have no damage detrimental to the operation of the device. The electrical G&T device power-operated ground-making switch shall open and close on command. The terminal selector switch, if provided, shall be able to be moved to all of its positions. All interlocks shall function as designed.
7.3.4 Closing and latching current test A three-phase closing and latching current test shall be performed on each electrical G&T device design to demonstrate the capability of the power-operated ground-making switch to close into and latch with the required current conditions. The power-operated ground-making switch shall be operated at rated control voltage. 7.3.4.1 Test current The peak and rms symmetrical current values of the close-and-latch current capability test shall be as specified in 5.7. The maximum peak value of the three-phase asymmetrical currents shall occur in one of the outside phases. 7.3.4.2 Test voltage The closing and latching current tests shall be performed at a voltage no less than the rated maximum voltage. 7.3.4.3 Test duration The duration of the current flow shall be not less than ten cycles (60 Hz basis). 7.3.4.4 Test connections The G&T device shall be in the connected position in the grounded test enclosure with the enclosure ground bus connected to the test station ground. The power-operated ground-making switch shall be timed to close so as to meet the current requirements of 7.3.4.1. 7.3.4.5 Performance After testing, the G&T device shall meet the following conditions: a) It shall be capable of being withdrawn from the enclosure and reinserted via its intended means.
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b) c) d)
The electrical G&T device power-operated ground-making switch shall open and close on command. The terminal selector switch, if provided, shall be able to be moved to all of its positions. All interlocks shall function as designed.
NOTEProvided that all individual test requirements are met, the tests listed in 7.3.2, 7.3.3, and 7.3.4 can be combined as desired.
7.3.5 Mechanical endurance test A mechanical endurance test shall be conducted, in any sequence, to demonstrate the operational capability of all G&T devices, including the insertion and withdrawal mechanisms, all interlocks, power-operated ground-making switch, and the terminal selector switch on the complex design. 7.3.5.1 Enclosure insertion One G&T device of each design shall be inserted into, and removed from, the test enclosure 500 times, using the essential elements of the test procedure in 6.2.6 of IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999. 7.3.5.2 Endurance tests for electrical G&T devices Electrical G&T devices shall be tested in the test enclosure to demonstrate the mechanical endurance capability of the power-operated ground-making switch and mechanism. a) b) c) The number of operations shall be 500 with an operation defined as a closing and opening of the power-operated ground-making switch. The power-operated mechanism shall be operated at rated control voltage except for five operations each at the minimum and maximum limits of control voltage. Routine maintenance consisting of lubrication, cleaning, tightening, adjusting, and dressing of contacts is permitted at 250 operations. Replacement of parts is not permitted.
7.3.5.3 Endurance tests for manually operated terminal selector switches on complex G&T devices Manual G&T devices shall be tested to demonstrate the operational capability of the manually operated terminal selector switch and mechanism, when provided. The test may be performed outside of the enclosure. a) b) The total number of operations shall be 250 with an operation defined as moving the switch from one terminal position to the neutral position (if provided), and then to the other terminal position. Routine maintenance consisting of lubrication, cleaning, tightening, adjusting, and dressing of contacts is permitted at 125 operations. Replacement of parts is not permitted.
7.3.5.4 Conditions after testing After testing, the G&T device shall meet the following conditions: a) b) c) The power-operated ground-making switch shall be functional. The manually operated terminal selector switch (when provided) shall be functional. All interlocks and control circuits (if provided) shall be functional.
13
d)
The electrical resistance of the primary circuits including the power-operated ground-making switch, and both manually operated terminal selector switch positions, if provided, to the device ground bus shall not exceed 200% of the dc resistance specified by the manufacturer.
7.3.6 Tests for devices with interrupting capability 7.3.6.1 Devices derived from previously tested circuit breaker designs Devices that have a rated short-circuit interrupting current rating, and that are derived from a circuit breaker design, which has been previously tested in accordance with IEEE Std C37.09-1999 and IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999, shall be tested as follows: a) b) All design tests defined in this standard shall be performed on the G&T device design. The circuit breaker design from which the G&T device design is derived shall have successfully completed design tests in accordance with Table 1 (test duties 17 and 10, non-reclosing duty) of IEEE Std C37.09-1999, in a switchgear enclosure conforming to the requirements of IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999. The G&T design shall be tested per test duty TD6 and TD7 in Table 1 of IEEE Std C37.09-1999. The test shall be performed in a switchgear enclosure conforming to the requirements of IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999.
c)
The modifications to the qualified circuit breaker design necessary to convert to the G&T design shall not impact the ability of the device to meet the performance requirements of the circuit breaker. If the design performance is impacted, refer to 7.3.6.2. 7.3.6.2 Devices not derived from previously tested circuit breaker designs Devices that have a rated short-circuit interrupting current rating, but do not meet the conditions in 7.3.6.1, shall be tested as follows: a) b) All design tests defined in this standard shall be performed on the G&T device design. The G&T device shall be tested in accordance with Table 1 (test duties 17 and 10, non-reclosing duty) of IEEE Std C37.09-1999, in a switchgear enclosure conforming to the requirements of IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999.
7.4 Production tests

Production tests shall be made on each G&T device at the factory after final assembly as described in 7.4.1 through 7.4.4. 7.4.1 Nameplate(s) Nameplate(s) shall be checked for accuracy and completeness of identification and ratings as specified in 6.5. 7.4.2 Power frequency withstand voltage test G&T devices shall be tested for the ability to withstand for 1 min, without flashover, the following power frequency sinusoidal test voltages with a crest value equal to 1.414 times the specified values. The test procedures shall be as outlined in 7.3.1. a) Primary circuits of each G&T device shall be tested at the rated values.
14
b) c)
Secondary control wiring (except stored energy charging motors) shall be tested at 1500 V for 1 min or 1800 V for 1 s. Stored energy charging motors shall be tested at their specified dielectric withstand voltage but not less than 900 V.
7.4.3 G&T device operation tests All G&T devices shall be tested as follows: a) b) c) All interlocking features on the G&T device shall be checked for proper functioning. All G&T devices shall be tested in an enclosure to ensure that all insertion and withdrawal mechanisms and the primary and ground disconnect devices function properly. Operational tests shall be performed on electrical G&T devices as follows: 1) 2) 3) On the power-operated ground-making switch: Five closing and five opening operations each at both the minimum and maximum limits of the control voltage range. On the terminal selector switch, when provided: Five operations between terminal sets, including a neutral position, if provided. Control wiring and auxiliary devices, when provided: These shall be checked to ensure that all connections have been correctly made. Where operation is not feasible, continuity checks are permissible.
7.4.4 Test for the electrical resistance of the current circuit The dc resistance of the primary current circuits from each terminal of each pole unit, in each position of the terminal selector switch, when provided, to the device ground system shall be measured with at least 100 A flowing in the circuit. The dc resistances shall not exceed the limit specified by the manufacturer.
8. Construction
8.1 General
The construction, insulation materials, bushings, primary disconnects, ground disconnects, secondary disconnects, barriers, contacts, and mechanism shall be adequate to meet the assigned ratings of the G&T device.
8.2 Instructions
Due to the locking/interlocking complexities and design variations, each G&T device shall have basic instructions, warnings, and the like affixed to the front of the device that reference the manufacturers instruction manual number.
8.3 Cable specifications

When ground connection equipment needed for connecting the manual G&T device terminal set to the device ground bus, such as grounding cables with terminal lugs and hardware, are not supplied with the manual G&T device, the manufacturer shall provide the specifications for them. This information shall include the minimum conductor or cable size, conductor material, and type of connectors or terminal lugs used during the design tests for the short-time and momentary tests specified in 7.3.2 and 7.3.3. 15
NOTE 1When cables are used to make the connection between the G&T device terminal set and the G&T device ground connection system, the nameplate short-time and momentary ratings of the G&T device are only applicable if the same size, quantity, conductor material, and type of connectors or terminal lugs are used as were used in the design tests. If the cables differ from those tested, the ratings of the device will not be maintained. NOTE 2When grounding clamps are used to make connections to the G&T device terminals and/or the G&T device grounding system, the short-time and momentary ratings of the G&T device will be reduced. Generally, the short-time and momentary ratings will be reduced to the equivalent ratings of the grounding clamps and/or the associated cables. Typically, grounding clamps used with 4/0 cable have ratings shown in catalogs of 43 kA (or lower) for 15 cycles (60 Hz basis). These capabilities are usually much lower than for the switchgear itself.
WARNING If grounding clamps or cables are used that have lower short-time and/or momentary current capabilities than the G&T device system, the user must employ appropriate measures to assure that personnel protection is not compromised.
8.4 Remote electrical control

For electrically operated G&T devices, a means for remote electrical control shall be provided. When an optional electrical opening release is provided, means shall be provided to prevent instantaneous opening, unless the device has a short-circuit interrupting current rating.
9. Application
9.1 General
A G&T device is designed to be temporarily inserted into a circuit breaker compartment to test and/or ground the bus or line circuit. The user should verify that the ratings of the G&T device to be used are no less than the ratings of the circuit breaker that is being temporarily replaced. Special care should be exercised to ensure consistency between the current ratings of the circuit breaker and the G&T device, such as peak, rms total, or rms symmetrical. CAUTION Before inserting a G&T device into a circuit breaker compartment, the user should verify that the following G&T device ratings are equal to or greater than those of the circuit breaker being temporarily replaced: Rated maximum voltage Rated impulse withstand voltage Rated power frequency Rated short-time current Rated momentary current Rated control voltage Closing and latching current capability Primary disconnecting device compartment compatibility Rated short-circuit interrupting current (if applicable)
16
9.2 Locking and interlocking equipment

It is important that the proper locking and interlocking equipment, covered in 6.4 and incorporated into the G&T device design, is properly utilized by the user to ensure that correct operating sequences are followed.
9.3 Utilization
A G&T device is used to test and/or ground the power circuit during maintenance work. It should be recognized that, due to the inherent complexity and intended use, interlocks alone cannot fully protect the operator against all potential hazards. The operator should be a fully qualified person, specifically trained by the user to completely understand the proper operating procedures of the device as well as all grounding and testing procedures. As used in this subclause, the term qualified is as defined in, and who has been trained in accordance with, NFPA 70E-2004 [especially Articles 100.I and 110.6(D)(1)] and OSHA regulations (29CFR1910.269 [B4], 29CFR1910.332 [B5], 29CFR1910.399 [B6], 29CFR1926.449 [B7], and others). Some complex electrical G&T devices may be too large to permit the compartment door to be closed or may not operate in the test position, and special operating procedures may be needed. WARNING The user must develop operating procedures for use of any G&T device, with due consideration to operator safety during use of the G&T device. For simple manual G&T devices (see 3.7), special consideration is required for the use of cables or other conductors used to connect the selected terminal set to the ground connection system.
NOTECables and grounding clamps, if either are used, must be appropriately sized as indicated in NOTE 2 and the Warning of 8.3 for the ground current magnitude and duration.
9.4 Primary disconnecting devices compartment compatibility

G&T devices do not have a continuous current rating since their only purpose is for grounding and voltage testing. However, the G&T device shall be assigned a primary disconnecting devices compartment compatibility designation (in amperes) to enable the user of the G&T device to determine which primary disconnecting devices are required for a particular compartment.
9.5 Storage and maintenance before use

G&T devices are used infrequently and, therefore, are stored for long periods of time. They should be stored in a clean, dry area, free from dust, dirt, moisture, and the like. However, even though it is assumed that the G&T device was stored properly, it should be carefully maintained and inspected before each use. The following procedure is recommended before each use of the G&T device. The manufacturers instruction manual shall be followed for specific guidance; a) b) c) All insulating surfaces, including but not limited to the primary support insulation, voltage probes, and isolation barriers, should be clean and dry. All primary circuits, including cables and connections, should be clean and tight. All primary and ground disconnect contacts (including terminal sector switch, if provided) should be clean, with the correct contacts in place and properly lubricated.
17
d) e) f)
The electrical G&T device mechanism(s), including terminal selector switch if provided, should be in proper mechanical and electrical operating condition. All locks and interlocks should be fully functional in accordance with the instruction manual of the G&T device. A 1 min power frequency voltage withstand test should be conducted on the complete G&T device in accordance with 7.4.2, except at 75% of the rated values.
NOTEField tests may be conducted with dc voltage sources provided that the instantaneous dc voltage is no more than 1.414 times 75% of the normal frequency withstand ac rms voltage listed in Table 1 of IEEE Std C37.20.2-1999.
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Annex A (informative) Bibliography

[B1] IEEE 100, The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms, Seventh Edition, New York, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.8, 9 [B2] IEEE Std C37.04, IEEE Standard Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers. [B3] IEEE Std C37.100, IEEE Standard Definitions for Power Switchgear. [B4] Code of Federal Regulations Title 29 Part 1910 Section 269 (29CFR1910.269), Occupational Safety and Healthy StandardsElectric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution.10 [B5] Code of Federal Regulations Title 29 Part 1910 Section 332 (29CFR1910.332), Occupational Safety and Healthy StandardsTraining. [B6] Code of Federal Regulations Title 29 Part 1910 Section 399 (29CFR1910.399), Occupational Safety and Healthy StandardsDefinitions applicable to this subpart. [B7] Code of Federal Regulations Title 29 Part 1926 Section 449 (29CFR1926.449), Safety and Health Regulations for ConstructionDefinitions applicable to this subpart.
IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (http://standards.ieee.org/). 9 The IEEE standards or products referred to in this clause are trademarks of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 10 CFR publications are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 37082, Washington, DC 20013-7082, USA (http://www.access.gpo.gov/).
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Rated Ground and Test Devices

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Rated Ground and Test Devices

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IEEE Standard for 4.

76 kV to 38 kV Rated Ground and Test Devices Used in Enclosures

IEEE Power Engineering Society

IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA 18 March 2008

IEEE Std C37.20.6-2007

IEEE Std C37.20.6-2007

Switchgear Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society

IEEE-SA Standards Board

Notice to users Laws and regulations

Updating of IEEE documents

Information on references can be found in Clause 2.

5.2 Rated maximum voltage and dielectric withstand voltage

5.3 Rated power frequency

5.4 Rated short-time withstand current

5.5 Rated momentary withstand current

5.6 Rated control voltage

5.7 Closing and latching current capability

6.1 Power-operated ground-making switch position indicator

6.2 Terminal selector switch and position indicator

Table 1 Functional components

6.3 Stored energy indicator

7.2 Design tests

7.3 Schedule of design tests

With the power-operated ground-making switch closed: i)

7.4 Production tests

8.3 Cable specifications

8.4 Remote electrical control

9.2 Locking and interlocking equipment

9.4 Primary disconnecting devices compartment compatibility

9.5 Storage and maintenance before use

Annex A (informative) Bibliography

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