WATER TECHNOLOGY

UNIT I (2 MARKS)

1. Define Hard Water and Soft Water? 2. Define Hardness of Water? 3. Define Temporary hardness and Permanent hardness? 4. What are the requirements of boiler feed water? 5. What are the problems encountered in boiler feed water? 6. Distinguish Scale and Sludge? 7. What is meant by boiler corrosion? 8. What is Caustic embrittlement? How is it prevented? 9. What is meant by Carryover? How is it caused? 10.What is blow down operation? 11.What is Calgon? What is its role in the water treatment? (Write Equation also) 12. Explain Phosphate Conditioning? 13.What is desalination? Name few methods of converting Sea water into Fresh water? 14.What are disinfectants? Give examples. 15.What is meant by Break point chlorination? 16.What is meant by priming and foaming? 17.What are boiler compounds? Give examples. 18.Name few internal conditioning methods? 19.Explain Ultraviolet treatment?

UNIT I (Big Questions)

1. Explain the determination of alkalinity of water? 2. What is the principle of EDTA method? Describe the estimation of hardness of water by EDTA method. 3. What is break point chlorination? State its Significance.

4. What are boiler troubles? How are they caused? Suggest steps to minimize the boiler troubles (Scale & Sludge, Priming & Foaming, Caustic embrittlement, Boiler corrosion) 5. What is meant by Sterilization of water? What are the chemicals that are normally used for this purpose? Explain mechanism.(Bleaching powder, Break point chlorination, UV, Ozone) 6. Explain the internal treatment of boiler water carried out. (Boiler compounds) 7. What is desalination? Explain the reverse Osmosis process.

8. Describe de-mineralization process of water softening. (External treatment) Explain the reactions involved.

POLYMER & COMPOSITES

UNIT-II (2 MARKS)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Define Polymer? Give an example for Polymers. Define Polymerization? Define degree of Polymerization? Give the difference between addition and condensation polymerization? What is functionality? Give an example for it. Define Vulcanization? Write any four differences between thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic? 8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of plastics? 9. Define Natural rubber and Synthetic rubber? 10.Write the preparation of PVC and its Uses? 11.How is Teflon manufactured? Write few Uses of Teflon. 12.How will you prepare Polycarbonate? Mention few uses of polycarbonate. 13.How are Polyurethane obtained? 14.How is nylon 6, 6 formed? Bring out its important properties. 15.What are Composites? How are composites classified?

16.What are the constituents of Composites? 17.What is FRP? Give an example. 18.How is PET prepared? 19.Name any two resins used as matrix forming materials in the manufacture of composites? 20.How are FRP produced?

UNIT II (Big Questions)

1. Distinguish between addition and condensation of polymers with example. 2. Write note on the preparation, properties and uses of Nylon6,6 , polycarbonate, Teflon, PVC, Polyurethane and PET. (or) Name any three engineering plastics and discuss about them. 3. Explain free radical polymerization mechanism of addition polymerization? 4. What are the drawbacks of raw rubber? How to improve the properties of rubber? Explain it (vulcanization) & Advantages of Vulcanized rubber. 5. Distinguish between thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics? 6. Compare raw rubber with vulcanized rubber? 7. How are the following prepared? (i) Butyl rubber (ii) SBR. Explain its properties & Uses. 8. What are Composites? How to Classify and explain FRP composites.

SURFACE CHEMISTRY
UNIT III (2 marks)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Define Adsorption? Give examples. What are adsorbent and adsorbate? Give examples. What is physical adsorption? Give an example. What is chemical adsorption? Give an example. Mention the factors which influence the adsorption of gases on solids?

6. What is the effect of temperature and pressure on the adsorption of hydrogen gas on charcoal? 7. What is role of adsorbents in catalysis? 8. What are the difference between adsorption and absorption? 9. State Freundlich adsorption isotherm, explain the terms in it? 10.Define Promoter and Catalytic poison? 11.Define activated carbon and write the classification. 12.Mention the factors which influence adsorption of solutes from solution? 13.What is meant by adsorption isotherm? 14.What is Langmuir adsorption isotherm? Write its mathematical equation? 15.How will you increase the activity of an adsorbent? 16.Write few applications of activated carbon?

UNIT III (Big Questions)

1. Distinguish between physisorption and chemisorptions? 2. What are isotherms? Derive an expression to describe Langmuir adsorption isotherm and interprets the result at (i) High pressure (ii) Low pressure (iii) Normal pressure 3. Explain Freundlich adsorption isotherm and limitations? 4. Explain the types of adsorption isotherm? 5. Explain the factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids? 6. Explain the role of adsorbents in catalysis (or) Contact theory with example. 7. Explain the role of activated carbon in pollution abatement? 8. Write the various applications of adsorption? 9. Explain Ion exchange adsorption

NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES & STORAGE DEVICES

UNIT IV (2 marks)
1. Define nuclear fission? Give any one nuclear fission equation. 2. Define nuclear fusion? Give any one nuclear fusion equation. 3. What are the differences between nuclear fission and fusion? 4. What is breeder reactor? 5. What is Moderator? Give an example. 6. What are fissile nuclides and fertile nuclides? 7. Mention few characteristics of nuclear fission? 8. What is nuclear chain reaction? 9. What is super critical mass and sub critical mass of U235? 10.What is Nuclear energy? 11.What is nuclear reactor? 12.What is Light water nuclear power plant? 13.What are components of nuclear reactor? 14.What is meant by solar energy conversion? 15.What are fuel cells? 16.What is Solar cell (or) Photo galvanic cell? 17.Write the applications of wind energy? 18.Write the applications of solar cells? 19.What are control rods? Give examples. 20.Lithium is the cell of future, why?

UNIT IV (Big Questions)

1. Write in brief account on nuclear chain reaction? 2. State the characteristics of nuclear fission reaction? 3. What is nuclear reactor? Describe the components of a light water nuclear power plant with a suitable block diagram. 4. Write a note on Ni-col battery. Explain with cell reaction? 5. Write a note on Lithium Battery?

6. What is reversible battery? Describe the construction and working of lead storage battery with reaction? 7. Explain Lead storage battery and its advantages? 8. Give an account of Solar cells and its applications? 9. Write note on wind energy? 10.Write a note on breeder reactor? 11.Describe the construction and working H2-O2 fuel cell and its advantage, disadvantages.

ENGINEERING MATERIALS
UNIT V (2 marks)
REFRACTORIES: 1. What are refractories? Write its Uses. 2. How are refractory classified? Give examples. 3. Mention requisites of good refractory? 4. What are neutral refractories? Give an example. 5. What is meant by refractoriness of a refractory? 6. What is meant by refractoriness under load (RUL)? 7. Define porosity of a refractory? 8. What is meant by thermal spalling? 9. Name the stages in the manufacture of refractory? 10.What is meant be pyrometric cone equivalent of refractory? 11.What are the important properties of high alumina bricks? 12.Name any one of the neutral refractories and its synthesis? 13.Mention the objectives of PCE test? 14.Why is silica bricks expand on heating? 15.What is meant by dimensional stability? Mention their types.

ABRASIVES: 1. What are abrasives? How are classified? 2. What are soft abrasives? 3. What is hardness of an abrasive? What is its unit? 4. What is Mohs Scale? Name the hardest substance? 5. What is carborundum? How is it prepared? 6. What is Emery? 7. What are garnets? Write its uses. 8. What is abrasive power? 9. Mention some important applications of abrasive? 10.What is norbide? Mention its properties?

LUBRICANT: 1. Define the terms Lubricant and Lubrication? 2. What are the functions of a lubricant? 3. What is oiliness of a lubricant? How can this be improved? 4. Define Viscosity index? 5. Define the terms Flash point and Fire point? 6. Define the terms Cloud Point and pour point? 7. What are the pour point depressants? Give Examples. 8. What are greases? How are they prepared? 9. Explain the lubrication of Graphites? 10.How are lubricants classified? Give one example for each class. 11.What are viscosity index improvers? Give examples. 12.Write the significance of pour point of a lubricant. 13.What are solid lubricants? Mention their applications. 14.What are the types of mechanism of lubrication?

NANOMATERIALS: 1. What are nonmaterials? 2. What are carbon nanotubes? How are classified? 3. Name some important methods of manufactures of CNTS 4. How are CNTS used in the fuel cell? 5. Mention the applications of CNT? 6. Mention the important forms of SWNTS? 7. How are CNTS used in the feed cell? 8. What is the main requirement for feed cell containing CNT? 9. Give some examples for catalytic reaction carried out by using CNTS? 10.How is pyrolysis carried out? 11.How is CNT produced in carbon arc method?

UNIT V (Big Questions)

1. What are abrasives? How are they classified? Give their Uses. 2. What are refractory and explain the important characteristics of good refractory? 3. Explain the various properties of refractory? 4. Discuss the properties, uses of high alumina, magnesite and Zirconia Bricks. 5. Discuss the important properties and significance of lubricants? 6. Explain the mechanism of Lubricants? 7. What are greases and explain the classification of greases? 8. What are solid lubricants? Explain the structure of Solid lubricant. 9. What is nanomaterial and explain the structure, synthesis and applications of carbon nanotubes?