APPARATUES Le Chaterliers flask, weighing balance, kerosene (free from water).

Le Chaterliers flask, is made of thin glass having a bulb at the bottom. The capacity of the bulb is nearly 250 ml. The bulb is 7.8 cm in mean diameter. The stem is graduated in millimeters. The zero graduation is at a distance of 8.8 cm from the top of the bulb. At 2 cm from the zero, there is another bulb is of length 3.5cm and capacity 17 ml. At 1 cm from bulb, the stem is marked with 18 ml and is grated up to 24 ml. The portion above 24ml mark is in the form of a funnel of diameter 5cm.

PROCEDURE (I) Dry the flask carefully and fill with kerosene or naphtha to a point on the stem between zero and 1 ml. (II) Record the level of the liquid in the flask as initial reading. (III) Put a weighted quantity of cement (about 60 gm) into the flask so that level of kerosene rise to about 22 ml mark, care being taken to avoid splashing and to see that cement does not adhere to the sides of the above the liquid. (IV) After putting all the cement to the flask, roll the flask gently in an inclined position to expel air until no further air bubble rise3s to the surface of the liquid. (V) Note down the new liquid level as final reading. OBSERVATION AND CALCULATIONS

(I) Weight of cement used =W gm (ii)Initial reading of flask =V1 ml (iii)Final reading of flask =V2 ml (iv)Volume of cement particle= V2-V1 ml (v)weight of equal of water= ( V2-V1) x specific weight of water.

Specific gravity of cement = (Weight of cement/ Weight of equal volume of water) = W/(V2-V1) NOTE (I) Duplicate determination of specific gravity should agree within 0.01. (II) To get more accurate result, the flask should be held in a constant temperature before each reading is taken.

Initail time of setting AIM To find the initial setting time of cement APPARATUS Vicat apparatus, needle for initial setting time, stop watch. PROCEDURE Take 400 gm of cement in a pan. Prepare a neat cement paste by adding 0.85 times the water required to give a paste of standard consistency by the previous test. Start a stop watch at the instant when water is added to the cement. Keep the vicat mould on a non porous plate and fill the cement paste in it. After completely filling the mould, it should be shaken slightly to expel the air. Smooth off the surface of the paste making it level with the top of the mould. Place the test block and the non porous plate under the rod bearing the needle having 1sq.mm.cross section. Lower the needle gently till in contact with the surface of the test block and quickly release allowing it to penetrate in to the test

block.(When vicat apparatus with dash pot is used, place the mould filled with cement paste and the non absorbent plate on the base of the vicat apparatus .Raise the in the beginning the needle will completely pierce the block. Repeat the procedure until the needle fails to pierce block for 5+-0.5mm measured from the bottom of the mould. The period elapsing between the time when water is added to the cement and the time at which the needle fails to pierce the test block by 5+0.5mm is the initial testing time. RESULT The initial setting time of the given sample of cement=..min OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Weight of cement taken (g) = _________ Quantity of water added to cement = 0.85 X Quantity of water required for standard consistency = _______

TIME (min) (measured from the instant of DEPTH OF adding water toPENETRATION (mm) cement)

SL. NO.

Final setting To find the final setting time of cement APPARATUS Vicat apparatus, needle for initial setting time, stop watch. PROCEDURE

Take 400 gm of cement in a pan. Prepare a neat cement paste by adding 0.85 times the water required to give a paste of standard consistency by the previous test. Start a stop watch at the instant when water is added to the cement. Keep the vicat mould on a non porous plate and fill the cement paste in it. After completely filling the mould, it should be shaken slightly to expel the air. Smooth off the surface of the paste making it level with the top of the mould. Place the test block and the non porous plate under the rod bearing the needle with the annular attachment for final setting time. Lower the needle gently till the needle makes an impression there on, while the attachment fails to do so. In the beginning the needle will completely pierce the block. Repeat the procedure. The period elapsing between the time when water is added to the cement and the time at which the needle fails to make an impression on the surface of the test block shall be the final setting time. RESULT The final setting time of the given sample of cement =..min