Professional Documents
Culture Documents
rage
o m ?.. 2
.......... 8 .
.......... 10
iavy?’ 12
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Official U. S. Navy photograph
I Jan.’43
10~1.~43
I Jan.‘44,
DUO, SWEET: Nelson Eddy and DUO, SOUR: Danny Kaye winces PIN-UP EDITOR: Betty Grable,
Jeanette MacDonald sing re- at ‘rMail Call” rehearsal as Jack as guest editor of “GI Journal,”
quests sent in to “Mail Call.” Benny massacres “The Bee.” answers overseas mail by radio.
ON SEA: Proudly paimtimg his de- IN T H E AIR: Scoreboard of a car- A N D BELOW: Back t o its Arctic
stroyer’s score agaimt a lap force.
, rier tells toll of its planes am? port after a Pacific patrol, U . S.
this searnam chalks up 5 ememy gums-1 43 laps. (Om bridge, Vice sub shows “cleam sweep”: 3 Jap
Flames, a destroyer amd a cruiser. Admirals Mitscher, McCailz) .
warships, 2 merchant ships.
em
or
el
Jai
Pa
* on
Gil
dir
Ra
the planes and attack was given. Air who joined a flight of enemy planes, evasive action was so violent that
Group 24, operating from a small car- discovered his mistake and had to Moak’s ammunition was thrown out
rier, had four Avengers available; the shoot his way out. In doing so he of its boxes. Meanwhile the ammuni-
rest were out on other missions. brought down two Zeros. tion feed of the gun kept jamming.
The four planes joined other air- They reeall, too, the adventures of Moak could fire only by holding the
craft and flew to the enemy. Sighting Lt. (jg) Clyde L. Brown, USNR, ammunition with his good arm and
the Japs, the four planes from Group who found his plane on fire during an firing with the wounded one. Still the
24 dived in formation on a large car- attack on Guam. The blaze became Japs kept diving.
rier-battleship force which was as yet so intense that his rear gunner was Moak fired whenever his gun would
untouched by other attacking planes. forced to climb out of the cockpit and work and, just as a J a p was passing
‘
The four planes went in alone, with- ride the plane “piggy back” until they overhead, scored a hit. He didn’t have
out benefit of fighters o r divebombers could land in the water 1,500 yards time to see the results of his marks-
t o divert the Japs. They were greeted off the island. Shore batteries imme- manship, however, because he saw
by an intense antiaircraft barrage. diately began firing on them, but a smoke coming from his own plane.
Navy scout plane hazarded the bar- Quickly he climbed down from the tur-
One of the four planes became sep- ret and discovered that another J a p
arated from the formation in a cloud- rage to land and rescue them.
shell had torn a two-foot hole in the
bank. The other three picked out an The pilot of the rescue plane later fuselage. It had started a fire and
aircraft carrier of the Hayataka class proved to be a former flight student mortally wounded the radioman. Moak
and headed for it-fanning out to ap- of Lieutenant Brown’s. pulled the wounded man out of the
proach the target from three different * * * fire, beat out the flames and returned
quadrants so that, no matter which
way the carrier turned, she couldn’t It was during the raid on Truk on to his turret to fire more blasts a t the
avoid the torpedoes. 16 February that the Grumman Av- enemy.
enger torpedo plane from Air Group . Twice more returned to the smok-
Enemy fire tore into one of the Av- 5 piloted by Ens. L. E. Benson, USNR, ing fuselage to t r y and quell the re-
engers, breaking off part of a wing was jumped by three J a p fighter curring fire. Once the .30-cal. am-
and setting fire to the fuselage. The planes. munition for the tunnel gun began t o
gunner and radioman bailed out. The explode from the heat. With his bare
pilot continued toward the target and William J. Moak, AMMZc, USNR,was
unloaded his torpedo in perfect posi- manning the turret of the TBF, des- hands Moak pulled out the exploding
cartridges. He shoved all of the burn-
tion for a hit. perately trying to ward off J a p planes. ing material out through a hole and
The other two planes came in fast The enemy fighters made 15 passes went back to his gun.
and also dropped their torpedoes. Un- at the lone Avenger. On the second Ensign Benson finally brought the
derwater explosions and large columns try, gunfire struck the side of Moak’s plane back to his carrier 2nd made
of smoke followed. turret, spewing glass and metal splin- a crash landing. As he and the gun-
ters over him, wounding him in the ner stepped onto the deck the pilot
Meanwhile, the gunner and the right arm and side of his face and called Moak aside and said:
radioman who had bailed out floated temporarily blinding his right eye.
down in the middle of the J a p fleet. “Bill, I just wanted to tell you, that
“They shot a t us all of the way down,” Ensign Benson immediately dived Jap you hit went down in the drink
said the gunner later, “but luckily we the plane to near water level. His and you scared the others off.”
only had a thousand feet t o fall.”
I n the water, the pair was nearly
run down by a battleship. They saw
violent explosions when the torpedoes
from their squadron struck home.
Later they saw the carrier down by
the bow t o such a degree that the pro-
pellers were visible. They were picked
up the next day by a U. S. rescue
plane.
. The fourth TBF, the one that had
become separated from the others
early in the battle, went on to launch
its torpedo at a small enemy carrier
with unobserved results. It then ran
out of gas and landed in the water.
The pilot and crewmen took to life
rafts and were rescued next day.
Only one of the planes was able to
get back and land on the small U. S.
carrier. Another came down on the
water nearby without loss of person-
nel. The pilot whose crewmen bailed
out is listed as missing in action. *
* * *
To the pilots of Air Group 16 the
a i r battle for Saipan will always be
known as the “Marianas Turkey
Shoot.” Japanese planes dropped SO
fast, they say, that some of the enemy Official U. S. Navy photograph
Pilots became panicky and parachuted
from their planes before Navy flyers PILOTS A N D AZRCREWMEN of Air Group 24’s torpedo,squadron pose
could shoot them down. beside TBF after Battle of Eastern Philippines, in which they torpe-
Officers of the returned group tell doed a Jap carrier. Inset photograph is of pilot missing in actiolz. One
of Ens. Edward G. Wendorf, USNR, aircrewman, slightly wounded in the attack, is B o t shown,
Page 14
.
..
health-al-
safeguard
;e relation-
istructed
ed in the
against
d on the
&on received
5 October, di-
two cruisers
Massachusetts,
led vessels, SO
a1 or
fur-
- --
“examined, discussed and corrected” a novel about one of the early naval rare publications unobtainable eke-
by the Naval Committee. captains. When his question was for- where.
That part of Adams’ rules which warded t o the Office of Naval Records From there on the search widened,
constitutes the penal code of the Navy and Library, and an officer started to and letters were addressed from time
he obtained from “An Act ...
relat-
ing to the Government of his Majes-
look up an original copy of the Rules, to time to booksellers throughout the
country, inquiring if they possessed a
it was found that none existed in the copy or had heard anything of the
ty’s Ships, Vessels, and Forces by Navy Department.
Sea,” passed by the British Parlia- possible whereabouts of the publica-
The search then led to the big main tion.
ment in 1749. I n adapting the British sources of such material-to the Li- Long shot though this may have
code, however, he made it less strip- brary of Congress, the New York seemed, it did eventually lead to the
gent. Public Library, the library of the final clue. A bookseller in a small
The rest of Adams’ rules are, with Naval Academy. No copies there. The Connecticut town replied that he had
minor changes and omissions, chiefly Union Catalogue of the Library of had such a copy, but that it was now
taken from the “Regulations and In- Congress, which lists the holdings of in the possession of the Yale Uni-
structions Relating t o His Majesty’s all major libraries, did not include the versity Library.
Service at Sea,” of 1772. Rules among known holdings. Communication with Yale quickly
Although the existence of these rules Bibliographies were tried, for these verified the location of the book there,
has been known and their wording not only list known publications but and with Yale’s permission and co-
has remained evident in the Navy tell where at least one copy may be operation the Navy Department was
Regs of today, no actual copy of the found. Although many bibliographies able to have the pages photographed
original has been available in the listed the Rules, none of them in- so that facsimile reprints might be
Navy Department. dicated where a copy could be found. made. A limited edition of these has
The search for an original copy The search next led to the semi- been issued by the Naval Historical
started in strange enough fashion. It private libraries specializing in naval Foundation, and the INFORMATION
was brought about by an inquiry from material and early American historical BULLETIN’Splates for this article have
a man in Philadelphia who was writing literature, as these a r e a source of been made from the same photographs.
~
( 7 ) ( 8 )
and i t fuch other times as may appear to make it neceffary to or having receivcd them; hall fu&r him or them to efcape, c
prepare for engagement, the Captain hall order all things i n difinifs them without orders for fo doing, lhall fuffer in his or
his lhip in a proper potlure for fight, and hall in his own per- their :?ead, as a court-martial hall order and dire&.
ion, and according to his duty, heart on and encourage the in- ART. 37. T h e Captain, officers and others ilrallde their
ferior officers and men to fight ‘couragioufly, and ’not to behave utniolt endzavsurs to deteCt, apprehend and bring to punifh-
themfelves feintly or cry for quarters on pain of fuch punifi- anent, 211 offenders, and hall at all times rtadily aGR the offi-
ment as the offence hall appear to deferve for his neglea. cers appointed for that purpole in the difchargeof their duty on
ART, 27. Any Captain or other officer, mariner or others, pain of their being proceeded againlt, and punihed by a court-
who hall bafely defert their duty or itation in the h i p and run martial at difcredon.
away while the enemy is in fight, or in time of attion, or en- ART. 38. All other faults, diforders and mifdemcanors
tice others to do io, hall M e r death or fuch other punifliment which hall be committed on board any fiip belonging to the
as a court-martial hall inflit% Thirteen United Colonies, and which are not herein mention.
ART. 28. No perfon in or belonging to the h i p ihdl utter cd, hall he punilhet according to the laws and cuRoms in fuch
any words of fedition and mutiny, nor endeavour to make any cafes ufed at fea.
mutinous affemblies upon any pretence whatfoever upon fuch ART. 39. A court martial fiall confit? of at lean three
penalty as a court-martial hall infliA. Captains and three hrfi Lieutenants, with three Captains and
ART. 29. Any oficer, feaman or marine, who hall begin three firR Lieutenants of marines, if there hall be io many of’
to excite, cauk, or join in any mutiny or fedition in the fliip the marines then prefent, and the eldeR Captain hall prefide.
to which he belongs on any pretence whatfoever, hall fuflcr ARI’. 40. All Tea officers of the fame denomination hall
death or fuch other punihment as a court-martial hall dire& take rank of the officersof the marina.
ART. 30. None hall prefurne to quarrel with, or itrilte his .Art. 41. Every member o i a court-martial hall take thr fol-
fupcrior officer, on pain of fuch puniihment as court-martial lowing oath, vjz, 6‘ Y3o fwear
h a l l order to be inflified. ‘0 that you will, well and truly try and impartially determine
ART. 3 I. If any perfon hall a prehend he has juR c a u b ’‘ the caufc of the piiLmer npw to be tried according to the
of complifint, he hall quietly anldecently make the fame ‘‘ rules of the navy of the United Colonies; fo hAp you God.”
known to his fuperior officer, or to the Captain, as the cafe may Which oath hall be duly admininered by the Pretident to the
require, who will take care that juRice be done him. other menibers, and the Prefident hall himfelf be fworn by tho
ART. 32. There hall be no quarreling or fighting between officer in the fdid court next in rank.
h i p mates on board any lhip belonging to the Thirteen United ART. 42. All witneffes, b e h e they may be permitted togive
Colonies, nor hall there be ufed any reproachful or pkovokin evidence, hall take the fol!owing oath, viz. “ You fwear, the
fpeeches tending to make quarrels and diRurbance on pain o
imprifonmeiit, and fuch other punihment as a court-martial
5 ‘6 evidence you h a l l give in the caufe now in hearing, hall be
6‘ the whole truth and nothing but the truth; fo help you God.’’
fhall think proper to infli& ART. 43. T h e ientence of a court martial fur any capita1
ART. 33. If any perfon hall fleep upon his watch, or ne- off:nce &all not be put in execution until it b confirmed by
gligently perform the duty wliich (hall be enjoined him to do, the‘CommanOer in Chief of the fleet, and it hall be the duty
or forfakc his Ration, he hall fuffer fuch punihment as a court- of the Preficient of every court-martial to tranfmit to the Cam*
martial hall think proper to inBi&, according to the nature of maider in Chief every fentence which fhaEl be given, with i
hL offence. fummary of the evidence and p r m d i n g s t h o r n by the firit
ART. 34. All murder-fliall be punilhed with death.
ART. 35. All robbery and theft hall be punihed at the
‘ .
Qpportu ni ty
ART- 44. T h e Commander in C h i d o f the Beet for -the
difcretion of a court-martial. &ne being, ihdl have power tupardon and remirrsy M a c e
ART. 36. Any Mafin at Arms who ihall refufe to rereiw c f dexh that fliall be given in confequeace of a r of the rfem
fuch prifoncr or prifoncrs as hall be committed t o hi: E ~ J I $ Z , menti’oaed articles.
Some early echoes of “Rocks artd Skoals” cas be discovered in these provisions for
punishment altd court-martial, Note the familiar wording of the oath in Article 42.
Page 20
overseas
address
Federal
voting b
the post1
didates
which F
~ I d l l U L
FRANK J. V.
lican
MARYT. No
WILLIAM s.
dent
NORMAN 1
Socialisi
REPI
1
emo-
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can
,Tacoma, Democrat
ULnlr'CL
4
a mile and a half beyond the District ing and distribution of a set of charts, most mountainous areas in the world.
of Columbia line. From this smooth the entire lot may be corrected by hand. But the altitude figures were extremely
plotting sheet the final chart is even- No nation can survey all parts difficult to figure out. For while about
tually developed. Some survey ships of the world and, while all oceans half of the figures were accurate down
have all the necessary equipment, in- have been charted to some extent, a to the last meter, the rest were delib-
cluding color presses, to turn out com- tremendous amount of work remains erately falsified.
plete charts, although the size of the t o be done. Because of this each na- The tremendous expansion of naval
presses and the supply of paper which tion has felt at liberty to use material aviation has added t o the responsibili-
may be carried are limited. on charts produced by other coun- ties of HO. In the pre-airplane era
Mariners have been sending in tries, giving due credit in the legends HO was primarily concerned with
navigational data to HO for the last t o the authority furnishing the infor- charts showing only the coastlines and
114 years. Since it was organized in mation. HO charts compiled from outlying water areas. With the growth
1830, HO has received more than 10,- German o r Japanese charts carry a of naval aviation HO moved the areas
000,000 reports from ships throughout credit line giving the governments of shown on its charts farther andfar-
the world. One naval vessel, in 50 these nations a s the sources. ther inland. This was necessary both to
passages across the North Atlantic, The various nations of the world- provide pilots with correct land charts
turned in 35,976 soundings. before the start of the war and with and t o aid battleships in getting an
Each of these reports, which in- some exceptions - constantly ex- accurate range when they pulIed u p
clude soundings, wind and current di- changed hydrographic information offshore to bombard enemy installa-
rections, weather, floating derelicts, through the International Hydro- tions inland along coastlines.
the latitudes and iongitudes at which graphic Bureau in Monaco. Conse- Because most land areas still t o be
they were recorded o r observed and quently, most countries, both enemy
countless other bits of information of charted are enemy-held, spotter planes
and Allied, have fairly accurate maps are called upon to do much of the pre-
importance to mariners, is carefully and charts of most sea areas and some
analyzed and checked with available land areas. liminary work, and the tri-metrogon
information, if any. Then new charts method of developing flight charts
Japan lost most of its hydrographic from aerial photographs is more ex-
are printed o r the data added to al- charts in the great earthquake and
ready prepared charts to bring them fire that followed in that country in tensively used than ever before.
u p to date. If of sufficient import- 1923. At the request of the Japa- Three aerial cameras, which make
ance, the new information is immedi- nese government, the United States, simultaneous exposures of areas
ately sent out to ships at sea. through HO, gave that nation a com- reaching from horizon t o horizon, are
Because of the constant flow of new plete set of its hydrographic charts, attached t o a spotter plane. Such a
information which comes into HO, an covering most of the world. As a re- plane can photograph 20,000 square
entire section is now engaged in keep- miles of land in three .hours. Perhaps
sult many of the charts being used by
ing the thousands of charts on hand Japan today are from U. S. sources. 4,000 o r 5,000 photographs of one
current. This work is all done by While information secured from area are used in the process of de-
hand. Charts are printed in small other nations of the world in peace- veloping a single chart.
quantities (about 2,500 of each at -time may be considered very reliable, These photographs are rushed t o
present, compared with 250 to 500 in that which comes from enemy sources HO, where in the highly technical
peacetime); so the job of bringing during war must be used with great photogrammetry section they are
each up t o date before it is sent out care. painstakingly studied. The photos are
t o a ship is not impossibly difficult. Somewhere in Germany there is a laid out in proper sequence on a large
Charts are also constantly corrected cartographer that the Army would table, and bit by bit such information
during the time they are being drawn, like t o meet. He put the altitude fig- as enemy air fields, gun emplacements,
as additional data is received, even u p ures on' flight charts the Nazis made ammunition and supply depots, air
to a few minutes before they are put when they had a network of airlines strips and the general typography of
on the printing presses, which operate in South America. They were very the area is outlined. This informa-
24 hours a day. If important new in- good charts, with lots of detail and tion, in a series of technical steps, is
formation comes in between the print- plenty of altitude data on one of the then transposed onto easily read
charts. If HO has any additional data,
this too is incorporated. The charts
are then rushed back to the fleet for
use. in bombing attacks and invasions.
Charts for the invasion of the Ma-
rianas were largely developed from
aerial photographs.
When the Marines landed on Tulad
in the Solomons 7 Aug. 1942, survey
ships immediately went to work.
Within a short time a series of five
field charts of the entire area had
been developed and rushed by plane
to HO, where they were combined and
worked into a single, comprehensive
chart. In less than four weeks the
complete charts were in use by the
fleet.
Knowledge gained under battle con-
ditions has brought about changes in
colors used on charts.
It was found that red, yellow and
orange tints, under red night lights
used on board ships and planes, be-
Official U. S. Navy photouraph came invisible. Land areas hitherto
FINISHED CHARTS in storage are corrected by hamd as soon as any shown in buff were changed to light
additional data is received, I gray. Orange has been changed to
1-
Page 26
__-..
and
3 BU-
). In
I BU-
inder
t re-
) col-
d by
cen-
harts
1 be-
:sses.
Few,
irvey
ilians and
ed to ap-
ts. Today
7+nSnrlh . r
uangers,
etc.
Light
tailed des
together
heirht ab
rage 11
d
Schools were established at Camp
Gordon Johnson, Carrabelle, Fla., and
a t West Coast ports of embarkation to
indoctrinate men for harbor-craft and
small-boat companies. The principal
subjects taught are seamanship, pilot-
ing, navigation and marine engineer-
ing. Students have an opportunity
t o go out on tugs and small craft
working in harbors to gain first-hand
experience. A t the Seattle Port of
Embarkation, which includes a modi-
fication center for various types of
boats, the students work on projects
involving both construction and main-
tenance.
Every effort is made to permit per-
sonnel to qualify f o r further study in
specialized subjects, such a s naviga-
tion, cooking o r first aid. Those who
do not make the grade as specialists
a r e then classed as ordinary seamen.
Top men of every group usually are
made warrant officers, and many of
them a r e sent to other training cen-
ters for advanced study.
The Army's "Annapolis" is the
_-__
Tranannrtntinn
r--"-"
---__I
Cnrnc
-"-ry -.-~-.~."
"..."~--
M g r i n m nffipmrc'
Cadet School a t St. Petersburg, Fla.
Operated for the Army by the U. S.
Maritime Commission, this school
takes the honor graduates of the
Maritime Commission's four appren-
tice schools and turns them out as po-
tential ship's officers. Courses there
are 12 weeks f o r deck officers and 10
weeks for engineering officers.
Upon completing the course, gradu-
ates become contract employes, start-
ing at a base pay of 92,200 a year, o r
some may be permitted to apply for
commissions a s lieu tenants in the
Army.
The semi-civilians (contract em-
ployes) manning the larger vessels
operated by the Tran!gportation Corps
are usually from thf: merchant ma-
..:-,.
~ A ~ L G .
nn,.:.
---:4?
AILELL
^-I-
UULLULIIIS, insignia and
rating badges follow the merchant
marine style. The captain and chief
engineer wear four cold strines on
_.'A& u ""III". A" l.VY"Y .A"..*. aw-.". J?
supported by three &-foot parachutes.
These life boats are completely
The Army Air Forces has a navy, distance, the skipper got out his text- equipped with emergency food, medi-
too-a fleet of small, speedy crash book and tried t o figure out what to cal supplies, etc., and even have sails.
boats from 27 to 104 feet in length do next. Crewmen were certain it was One already has been sailed across the
t h a t specialize in rescuing flyers either a U-boat or the Schamhorst, Gulf of Mexico. Large enough t o ac-
forced down on t h e water. and in either case they wanted to open commodate a n entire bomber crew,
Operated independently by the AAF, up with their 50-caliber machine the boats have a cruising radius of
these rescue boats are based near guns. from 400 to 500 miles.
Army a i r bases at home and abroad On board was a very unpopular On board a n 85-foot crash boat are
wherever a base is situated near a lieutenant. H e was as mystified as comfortable quarters f o r the crew of
large body of water. It has been the crew about the blinking light. 13, a galley equipped with an electric
found, for some mysterious reason, Suddenly this lieutenant saw a wake stove and refrigerator, a sick bay
t h a t fledgling pilots invariably make heading straight for the ship. Shout- staffed by a medical technician. Ship-
forced landings on water if there is ing, "Torpedo, torpedo," he dived head to-shore, ship-to-ship and ship-to-plane
any in sight. first down the hatch. The torpedo communication equipment keeps it in
Prior to 1941 each air base set up proved to be a porpoise which ap- constant touch with the base, search-
its own rescue service, using whatever proached the ship, then gracefully ing aircraft and other rescue craft.
boats and personnel were available. dived under the hull. What the light Each member of the crew has a job
Because personnel qualified t o handle was no one ever discovered, but there- t o perform when a rescue is made.
the crash boats were constantly being after the cry of "torpedo" went up The vessel proceeds t o t h e scene at
transferred, the Army Air Forces de- whenever the lieutenant approached. full speed and maneuvers into posi-
cided to establish the Emergency Res- H e soon asked for a transfer. tion. The crew is on the alert at res-
cue Service. There a r e many different types of cue stations and, in hostile waters, the
The AAF now has its own boat Army crash boats, including the gunners stand at battle stations. Res-
school, at Gulfport, Miss., whence swamp glider, designed for use in cue nets, rubber suits, crash tools, as-
trained rescue ,personnel are sent to marshy areas. This glider has a spe- bestos suits, fire-fighting equipment
the combat theaters. Every man en- cial airplane propeller which enables and a small dinghy with a n outboard
tering the school, commissioned or en- her t o skid safely over the top of motor are available f o r use. The in-
listed, is given the basic 12-week indi- marshes. The 85- and 104-foot boats jured a r e moved in special-type lit-
vidual and six-week unit training are intended f o r seagoing rescue work, ters t o the dispensary where the
course. A t the end of 12 weeks the the smaller ones f o r inland lakes and surgical technician gives first aid.
specialists a r e organized into crews of waterways. The 85-footerl is about I n addition to playing the role of
approximately 13 men. Here the fu- the size of the Navy PT-boat and has Good Samaritan t o pilots in distress,
ture mates, engineers, oilers, deck a speed of 40 t o 42 miles a n hour. It these are fighting ships, too. They
hands, radio operators and boatswain's is powered with two Packards and two carry enough armament t o protect
mates begin t o learn their assign- Chrysler cruising motors. In appear- themselves against attack from air-
ments. ance it resembles the Navy's 63-foot craft, and they also pack a punch for
Officers chuckle about the first crash boat. use under certain other conditions in
cruise made in the Gulf of Mexico by Latest addition to the Emergency combat areas.
a crew just out of the school. One Rescue Service's fleet is the air-borne Newspapers recently carried a story
night, while about 200 miles out in the life boat. This is a 27-foot boat, about a 40-foot AAF crash boat that
gulf, a mysterious light which blinked equipped with two 5-HP engines, ventured f a r out into the choppy
off and on was sighted. While the which can be dropped from the air by South Atlantic and rescued the entire
ship slowly circles the light at a safe a B-17 or B-29. The boat is hooked to 71-man crew of a torpedoed American
merchant ship after they had been
adrift from nine to 10 days.
The crew of six volunteered for the
mission after a n Army pilot had spot-
ted one of the four life boats. After
nearly two days of searching the
crash boat pulled alongside the first
life boat and took 19 survivors
aboard. Seventy miles away she found
two more life boats and took them in
tow. After taking these survivors
back to base, she returned to the
scene the next day and picked up the
last boat load of survivors.
Page 31
Position of fallen plane is plo tted by officers, who
2 will radio the information t c2 rescue craft.
Page 33
- -1
present are blended a s Lee Harrington
muses over the lives of his lusty ances-
New Books in Ships’ Libraries tors, seeing himself as a result of their
deeds and characters.
ISLAND IN THE SKY by Ernest K. Gann.
Thrilling tale of the race against time
and Martin Johnson covered the Solo- and weather to rescue the crew of a n
The following books have been pur- mons in search of photographs of canni- ATC plane forced down in unchartered
chased recently for distribution‘ to the bals. Canadian wilds.
serwce. Not all titles will be supplied COUNTERFEITING : CRIME AGAINST THE LUSTY WIND FOR CAROLINA by I n g b
PEOPLE brr Lawrence Dwieht Smith. Fletcher. Last of the Carolina trilogy,
to each unit; rather it is the practice Methods of counterfeiters an3 the flght begun by “Raleigh’s Eden,” which tells
of BuPers to distribute different titles of the Secret Service against them, with the dramatic flght to make American
to small units operating in the same case histories of some of the outstand- trade safe from interference by English
ing “artists” in the fleld. officials and pirates.
area to encourage the exchange of EASTBY SOUTHWEST bv Christouher La- MAGIC OF LIMPINGJOHN by Frank Good-
books. A unit is always free to re- Farge. Fictionalized -reports o? the life wyn. Superstition and legend pervade
quest from the Bureau individual of the South Paciflc flghting men. this story of a gambling Mexican pai-
EASTO F MALTA. WEST O F SUEZ by Barti- sano tricked into believing his own
titles of particular interest. meus. Naval action in the Mediter- magic.
A MAN’SREACHby Charles Morrow Wil-
ranean from 1939, when the British son. Indian flghting and frontier poli-
In Lighter Vein ’ fought alone against terriflc odds, to the
fall of Tripoli in 1943, when Allied con- tics are deftly interwoven in this story
ANNA AND THE KING OF SIAM .by Mar- trol of the Mediterranean was assured. of Arkansas.
garet Landon. Oriental court life in, the MR. GLENCANNON IGNORES THE WAR by
PA_CIFIC_WORLD edited by Fairfleld Osborn. GIIVGilnntrirk. Sntiirdav Wvenine Post
to the royal children and concubines, PEOPLE O N OUR SIDE by Edgar Snow.
uLI
...
,u .... _..._&
c2iffe Cas&
I..0-.-‘-. .,& __.-
whose unrestrained ad-
and secretary and consultant to the First-rate reporting from India Russia miyation for ’<‘Duggan’sDew,” leads him
King of Siam. and China by one of our best informed through unpredictable adventures.
CHASING THE BOWHEAD by H. H. Bodflsh. correspondents. PIGSKIN WARRIORSby Jackson Scholz.
Captain Hartson H. Bodflsh master TREATY PORTS by Hallett Abend.
mariner from Martha’s Vineya;d recalls pageant of life in the ChineseAcities
fiFh An excitine. fast-moving football story
with a waFtime setting.-
the seafaring days when whaleden flrst “where East and West agreed to meet“ FUDE WITH ME by Thomas B. Costain.
ventured north of the Aleutians. eives the backeround of relations be- Exciting panorama of the Napoleonic
DICTIONARY OF SERVICESLANGby P a r k fween whites a<d orientals. era, of campaigns. strategies, ear!y re-
Keniiall.
__. Entertainine deflnitions of the WOODROW WILSONby Gerald W. Johnson. forms, affaires de coeur-all tlghtly
current crop of servic2 slang. Photographic history of a great man plotted with suspense.
HOW TO MAKEMUSICO N THE HARMONICA and his great failure. SHIP TO SHOREby William McFee. Bored
by P V Planta. This book plus inter- with glamor and success, yet lonely. the
est ahd’an harmonica are all YOU need Sagebrush Sagas captain of a luxury liner And? a reason
to-start your musical career. for living in his romance wlth a New
RUNYAN A LA CARTEby Damon Runyan. HORSETHIEF
CREEKby Bliss Lomax. An Pork b u h e s s girl.
Twelve-course dinner with Runyon’s action-fllled Western involving several
daffy dolls and goofy guys. murders, cattle poisdning a smuggling
STRIPED BASS by 0. H. P. Rodman. Fly ring and an old cache of’ gold. Whodunits
casting, surf casting and trolling PIUS THE IRON BRONC by Will Ermine. Lovely
time-tested dope on tackle and bait-a Pat Ryan struggles to keep her little ALL FALL DOWNby L. A. Strong. Jocu-
book for the salt-water flsherman. back-country railroad from falling into l a r Ellis McKay’s visit to a famous lib-
the hands of a gang of ruffians. rary becomes a busman’s holiday when
ROCKYMOUNTAIN RANGERby William he flnds the much-hated Matt Baildon
Solid Stuff Marshall Rush. Kirk Douglas plays his murdered.
BRIDEIN THE SOLUMONS by Osa Johnson. role with courage a s he battles f o r ALL OVERBUT THE SHOO~TNG by Richard
Fighting fronts of today recalled in the straight practices against a gang of Powell. Pliehtv and lovable. Arabella
days of exploratory travel when Osa crooked politicians in the Forest Ranger makes. an- amaiing heroine whose hus-
service.
..._
band rescues her from one jam after
~
lighter opposition.
The Palau Islands ha ve.been an im-
portant Japanese stronghold, garri-
5 6 7 8 9 1011
soned by an estimated 40,000 troops. nes to the South
-- _ _ -- _ _ - -
Their strategic import ance was em-
phasized by Admiral Nimitz, who
nmntarl nrrt t h o t t h o ao;on~a nf Pslnm t o block our inva-
n.
xamirai w iiiiam r . naisey ~ rs .j a wnen ne arrivea on me L a n . Drub- r rom m e soum, benerai r a x n sent
r‘ieet paved the way for the Palau and sels, capital of Belgium, and Luxem- columns of his U. S. 7th Army racing
Halmaherit landings with a series of bourg, capital of the duchy of the north to join General Patton’s 3d
attacks on the Philippines and a final same name, were freed by the British Army and cut off one of the few re-.
smash at 1’alau before the troops went 2nd and the U. S. 1st Armies. maining avenues of escape for Ger-
ashore. CIn 9 September his carrier The Red Army captured Bucharest mans still in France. This junction
planes striIck at Mindanao in the first on 31 August, swept on to take Sofia, was effected on 11 September.
seaborne attack on the Philippines, and by 20 September was driving on On the left flank the Canadian 1st
sinking or damaging 89 ships of vari- Belgrade and Budapest. Germans still and British 2d Armies swept along the
ous
. S1Ze.S
_.___ ,nd categories, destroying 68
A held Warsaw but it was threatened by Channel coast. The British took
planes iand wrecking five airfields. a renewed Russian drive. Amiens, center of the robot bomb
Their nnost spectacular accomplish- The greater part of France had launching activity, while the Cana-
ment wa s the destruction of an entire been liberated and the battle for Ger- dians took Ostend and Dieppe. Then
52-ship Iconvoy. many was rapidly drawing to a climax they moved toward Holland and were
Two clays later Admiral Halsey’s a s Hitler’s armies fled in confusion attempting to clear the Schelde estu-
force soiftened up Palau, then moved toward the doubtful safety of the a r y and open the ports of Flushing
back to the central Philippines and Siegfried Line. In 37 days General and Antwerp to Allied shipping.
shot dovin 156 planes, destroyed 277 Patton’s U. S. 3d Army had chased The Siegfried Line was breached in
___
nn the”___ ,round,
vi sank 40 more ships and the Germans 700 miles-probably the several places near Aachen a s the
Jamstged 43 others. During the six-
lu
A
.I. most rapid advance in military annals. U. S. 1st Army moved toward Cologne
day rampage in the Philippines 601 His motorized columns slashed ahead through a country of small German
JaP planes were destroyed. Air oppo- so fast that the Nazis never could tell farms and well-kept little forests.
sitior1 and antiaircraft fire were mea- where the front was from hour to The crowning blow fell on 17 Sep-
ger. hour. When supply lines could not tember when an Allied airborne army,
For the invasion of the Palaus an keep pace, gasoline was dropped to ad- estimated by the enemy at 20,000 men,
armaIda estimated a t close to 2,000,000 vance units by parachute. When Gen- was landed in Holland. Hard-hitting
tons was assembled, and the prelimi- era1 Patton finally ran “off the map” armored forces of the British 2d Army
n l v T r bombardment totaled more than
A.uLJ as he neared the German frontier, soon joined with the airborne troops
1,350 tons of shells, including 9,000 tons of maps were dropped to him and the combined forces drove toward
rockets fired at beach defenses by from planes. Rotterdam and Amsterdam.
LCIS. Chateau Thierry, Soissons, Verdun With these powerful armies pound-
In the European theater, meanwhile, and other familiar French towns ing at the west wall, Lt. Gen. Kurt
capitals of five countries were liber- which American doughboys fought for Dittmar, Nazi radio commentator, told
ated or captured in the Allied squeeze in World War I were overrun with the German people: “It is the defici-
from the east and west. Paris citizens scarcely a struggle. General Eisen- ency of means that places success out
rose from the underground a s Allied hower announced on 25 August that of our reach. We are beaten by the
troops approached and announced the German losses since D-day were more weapons we have forged.”
city liberated on 23 August; fighting than 400,000, including 200,000 pris- On the other side of the Reich, the
raged in the streets for two more oners. By 18 September the bag of Russian drive against Warsaw was
slowed down while the Reds concen- -4
trated on cleaning up the Balkans.
CASUALTY FIGURES Rumania announced on 23 August
that she was joining the Allies in the 4
Casualties among naval personnel through 20 September totaled war against Germany, and two days
62,811. Total since 7 Dec. 1941: later Bulgaria asked the U.S. and
Dead
.. Wou,nded
. Mins.Eno*
- < Prisoaers*
- Total Britain for surrender terms. The
. . ...
U. S. N a v y . . . . 17,129 7,901 8,415 2,523 36,968 Russians plowed ahead through Hun-
U. S. Marine Corps.. 7,584 15,705 854 1,943 26,086 garian - annexed Transylvania, cap-
U. S. Coast Guard.. 356 175 226 0 757 tured Ploesti and the surrounding oil
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~
Total .......... 25,069 23,781 9,495 4,466 62,811 fields and reached Bucharest the fol-
lowing day.
* A number of personnel now carried in the missing status undoubtedly are The Finns reached a n armistice
prisoners of war not yet officially reported a s such.
with Russia on 4 September and
Page 38
-
agreed to expel all German troops by
the 15th. Nazi troops began leaving
but burned Finnish homes a s they
withdrew. There were clashes between
Finnish and German troops which de-
veloped into a virtual state of war.
Charging that Bulgaria was assist-
ing the Nazis, Russia declared war on
her former Slavic friend. Bulgaria
immediately sued for peace, and de-
clared war on Germany to show her
good intentions.
After advancing to the border of
Yugoslavia and joing forces with Mar-
shal Tito, powerful Red Army forces
resumed their offensives against War-
saw and Riga. R-ussian patrols
crossed into East Prussia on 11 Sep-
tember, the same day that American
forces were entering the Reich from
the west.
To the south in Italy, the British Avenger springs aloft with assistance of four 330-horsepower jet units.
8th Army breached the Gothic Line in
three places and advanced past Pisa. than three years ago at the Naval
The U. S. 5th Army captured Prato Navy Now Has Jet Engineering Experiment Station, An-
napolis, Md., under the supervision
and Pistoia, but General Kesselring's
soldiers were fighting fanatically t o
hold their defense line.
Units To Aid Planes of Capt. Calvin M. Bolster, USN. The
first small jet units were built by the
From bases in China B-29 Super- California Institute of Technology,
fortresses paid two more visits to Jap- In Takeoff and the first flight test was made Qn
anese industral targets. On 21 August 1 March 1943 by Capt. William L.
they attacked Kyushu, J a p home isl- The.Navy is now prepared to use Gore, USMC. While still a Marine pri-
and, guided to the target by fires still jet-assisted takeoff for both carrier vate, first class, Captain Gore had
burning from a previous raid. Four planes and flying boats. The jet pro- believed enough in the jet-assisted
of the big bombers were lost; 40 J a p pulsion thrust reduces takeoff runs takeoff to spend his own money on
aircraft were destroyed o r damaged. and increases plane loads. experiments.
On 8 September a large force of Jet units, cylinders full of a solid Five units were installed on a
B-29s dumped tons of explosives on propellent, are fastened to the fuse- Wildcat fighter, in which he taxied
Anshan, important iron and steel cen- lage of a plane and ignited by an to the runway and flicked the switches
ter in southern Manchuria. One electrically controlled spark plug. that fired the JATO units. There
bomber failed to return from this Each unit delivers thrust equivalent was a loud, shrill noise, like steam
mission. - to about 330 horsepower, which is escaping from a dozen high pressure
In the Burma theater Chinese forces available throughout the takeoff boilers, and the Wildcat shot into the
made contact with those of General period. air on a column of white smoke. It
Stillwell, and the capture of Lungling Using these units, a Navy fighter was by f a r the quickest takeoff that
opened a potential overland supply can cut its takeoff run in half. This plane had ever made.
road from India to Tengchung. means that carriers can use more of Comdr. Leroy C. Simpler, USN,
However, the Japs were driving their deck space for planes and get former c o m m a n d e r of Fighting
down the Hunan-Kwangsi railway, more planes, more heavily loaded, Squadron 5, made the first jet-as-
and a n advance of 100 miles more into the air sooner. Land-based Navy sisted takeoff from a carrier with the
would cut China in two. They cap- and Marine fighters can use small same plane on 18 March 1943. Again
tured the U. s. air base at Lingling island airstrips safely. the speed of takeoff amazed pilots.
and the seaport of Wenchow, and by The Navy's big flying boats will Meanwhile, in 1942, the Navy had
the 20th were only 62 miles from an- find JATO (jet-assisted takeoff) ex- let contracts for further experimental
other important U. S. base a t Kweilin. tremely useful, too. With four, six development to the Aerojet Engineer-
U. S. subs reported sinking 74 more or eight JATO units, used in salvo or ing Corp. of Pasadena, Calif., which
J a p ships in the Pacific, including four in a series, a flying boat can greatly went to work on a more powerful
destroyers and three other combatant increase its payload and still take unit. By June 1943 the power of the
vessels. The Navy Department also off in the limited area of Pacific units had been increased five times
announced that the submarines uSS island lagoons. their former value and, following
Robalo, uss Gudgeon and uss Flier The Navy started its jet-assisted highly successful tests, orders were
were lost. takeoff experimental program more placed for quantity production.
A compilation of Japanese shipping
losses disclosed that U. S. sea and air
forces have sunk 2,031 of those vessels
since Pearl Harbor, not counting about
2,000 barges, river boats and lesser
craft. The Japs have lost three bat-
tleships, seven carriers, 60 cruisers,
152 destroyers, 15 submarines and 93
miscellaneous fighting ships.
U-boat activities in the Atlantic
sank to the lowest ebb of the war as
German submarine bases in France
were captured and the remaining subs
forced into the North Sea.
At Quebec, President Roosevelt and
Prime Minister Churchill met with
their military leaders, for the 10th
time during the war, to discuss plans
for the final crushing blow against
Germany and a unified campaign
against Japan. As Mr. Churchill re- Official U. S. Navy photographs
marked on his arrival at the confer- Corsair equipped with iet units roars down carrier deck for takeoff.
ence: "Victory is everywhere."
Page '39
R:
PJ
l?
a truck a t Camp
oddy Village, Me.;
cat at the Naval
, .Idaho,. mothered
ident Prince, great
Little Creek, Va.,
unnamed goat was
.+r\ o+ o- M A C
_- .- __.
.. -
is- mascot of the locai CBMTJ;
Brownie, curly-tailed pup at NAS,
Quonset Point, R. I., goes daily to the
ship’s service store for a dish of ice
creain.
A veteran of almost three decades
of Navy service, the uss Melville now
has the job of helping to keep in re-
pair the fleet of ships that shuttle
men and supplies from the British
Isles to the Allied armies in France.
A former destroyer tender, the Mel-
ville is now a “jack of all ships,”
performing services ranging from
“necessary repairs to a spud peeler”
on an LST to the casting of spring
bearings for a transport. Her job log
shows 9,879 hours of work aboard
vessels during June. The Melville
also acts as station ship, her boatmen
touring the harbor to gather informa-
tion, while on board a man may get
his hair cut, have his teeth fixed or
Official U. S. Navy photograph get a new uniform. One of her proud-
QUONSET CHAPEL.: Newest thing in church architecture is this ”cathedral“ est moments came when her gunners
built on Eniwetok in the Marshalls. joined in a heavy antiaircraft barrage
and shared in shooting down a Nazi
and sky around the British Isles that
an American cargo ship was able t o
needed a touch of home. From 75 t o
100 men a day call on the chaplain
.
raid er
sail through the English Channel and and the steady supply of home-made For lack of a better name it’s called
Irish Sea recently without an escort. cookies sent from all sections of the the Overhead Reading Device, and
The ss Ephraim Brevard made the country never gets stale. that’s just what it is. The ORD (see
voyage alone accidentally when she below) enables a patient to read a
failed, through a misunderstanding, Howard W. Pingree, PhM3c, USNR, book, even turning the pages, while
t o rendezvous with her convoy. Not a on duty a t the Na- remaining flat on his back. It was
single U-boat or German plane was 8 val Hospital, NTC, developed by the civilian librarian and
encountered. Farragut, I d a h 0, two pharmacists’ mates with the help
A new powdered salt water soap, killed a 2-lb., 14-
developed particularly for use in ship’s in. t r o u t while
laundries, is now included in standard skipping stones on
stocks a t all Navy Yards. It will also Lake Pend Oreille.
be available at advance bases within Pingree had five
a short time. The soap will enable
ship laundries to use salt water in-
stead of fresh water, thus conserving
critical supplies, and will clean clothes
more rapidly without injuring fabrics. e Newest editions to fire-fighting fa-
For years the Navy has issued salt cilities at NAS, Corpus Christi, Texas,
water soap in bar form for use by is a red jeep for Fire Chief J. H.
sailors but it is not adaptable for use Rowan, ACOM, USN (Ret.). The jeep
in laundry machines. The new prod- spearheads the Fire Department’s at-
uct was developed by BuShips. tacks on fires and the hazards which
produce them. Equipment for extin-
guishing small blazes is carried
Ships & Stations aboard.
Frances Sims, PhMSc, Naval Hos-
On the desk of Lt. (jg) Rex L. pital, San Diego, Calif., attended the
Christensen, (ChC) USNR, Mormon launching of the uss Hocking as a
chaplain a t NTC,. Farragut, Idaho, is spectator and ended up a s sponsor of of a carpenter, at the Naval Hospital,
an object that is almost bound t o the 455-foot, 10,500-ton combat trans- Gong Beach, Calif. Constructed of
make a caller feel at home. It’s a port. She was chosen when an em- wood with Plexi glass inserted within
cookie jar. The jar, in the form of a ployee of the shipbuilding company the frame as a holder for the book,
medieval monk- and inscribed “Thou who had won the right in a drawing the device can be easily attached to
Shalt Not Steal,” was the gift of two t o pick the sponsor couldn’t locate his any bed post and can be turned out
lady visitors who decided the office wife or daughter in time. of the way when not in use.
Page 42
MBER
RC Fleet press re-
Navy search plane
while on a routine
L in the Volcano
tttacked an enemy
10 small cargo ves-
. One cargo vessel
' damaged by straf-
?arch plane on the
ank a sampan near
Marianas was at-
August. In these
was done to enemy
other defense in-
Are, bombing and
Seventy-two tons of bombs were dropped
on Truk by Liberators of the 7th AAF
I - -...-
lsses up
rrylosses.
light
ne has
my con-
iled by
1 cut off
in the -
200,000
nd 19th
ver the
iainland
?d light
German
the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing. Meager 2. These actions have not been an-
antiaircraft Are was encountered. communique.
nounced,in any previous Navy Department
A single search plane of Fleet Air Wing
2 strafed and damaged two enemy sail-
boats at Lemotrek Island, east of WOleai. Navy Defiartment Commulzique No. 545
on 14 September. Another search plane of
Fleet Air Wing 2 on routine patrol near 1. The submarine uss Flzer was lost in
Iwo Jima on 14 September sighted two I'eCent
9
operations against
TFhn .rnv+ bi.. ,.e .-.,.*",
the enemy.
.,-A
-
raph
A
LB.
H.
S.
ca
Wl
Pe
on
+
armored equipment with great skill
him in waging a determined war on and determination. During the follow-
hostile submarines. He was instru- ing 30 dags his craft participated con-
mental in furnishing effective support tinuously in unloading and salvage
for our convoys and vital war ship- operations while subjected to shellfire
ping during offensive operations. and frequent aerial bombing attacks.
k c a p t . Elmer P. Abernethy, USN,
Washington, D. C.: As executive offi- *Clifton M. Duckworth, CCM, USCG,
cer of the uss President Jackson from Western Port, Md.: When the USCGC
7 August 1942 to 30 June 1943, he Campbell was severely damaged as
made many trips to the forward area the result of an attack upon an enemy
to deliver reinforcements t o the Amer- Official U. S. Navy photograph
vessel, he skillfully shored and rein-
ican garrison at Guadalcanal. Despite forced the bulkheads, making i t possi-
frequent engagements with hostile DIRECTED SUB OPERATIONS: Rear ble for the vessel to be towed 800
planes and submarines, he aided his Admiral John H . Brown Jr., USN, of miles to port. He also succeeded in
commanding officer in bringing the Middletown, Del., has been awarded constructing a crib from a limited and
training activities of the Amphibious this period his subs sank 72 ships and
Force, Atlantic Fleet, during the
period prior to the invasion of Sicily, damaged 54.
he displayed leadership and initiative
in coordinating the Army and Navy of dangerous and vital missions. As
units under his command in prepara- senior officer, he relieved his task *Lt. Comdr. (then Lieut.) Norvell G.
tion for the attack. force commander of many details and Ward, USN, Indian Head, Md.: As ex-
Capt. Allan R. McCann, uSN, North assisted in establishing the efficient ecutive officer of a submarine which
Adams, Mass.: As a submarine squad- operation of units. was damaged at Cavite Navy Yard
ron commander in the Southwest Pa- *Comdr. Alexander S. Heyward Jr., during the early phase of the current
USN, Edisto Island, S. C.: As com-
cific, he demonstrated exceptional abil- war, he assisted his commanding offi-
‘ity and untiring devotion to duty, in-manding officer of a patrol squadron, cer in directing fire-fighting activities.
spiring the officers and men under hishe established an anti-sub patrol a t For five days, under persistent air at-
command to the successful completion Port Lyautey, French Morocco, and tacks, he worked tirelessly to repair
courageously led his squadron on num- damage and get the sub ready for
erous hazardous missions during the sea. By his outstanding ability in
following two months. He contributed navigating strange, confined enemy
Warrant Officer Tweed immeasurably to the securit of U. S.
naval forces and shipping luring the
waters, he contributed directly to the
sinking or damaging of many Japa-
Gets Legion of Merit capture and occupation of French nese ships and to bringing the sub-
Morocco. marine safely to port.
The Legion of Merit has been *Comdr. John A. Moreno, USN,
awarded Radio Electrician George Washington, D. C.: As leader of il.
R. Tweed, USN, who eluded Japa- patrol squadron during the occupation
nese on Guam for 31 months until of the airport a t Port Lyautey, French
rescued on 10 July 1944 by a U. S. Morocco, he organized and established
destroyer (INFORMATION BULLETIN, a base for antisubmarine patrol, pro-
September 1944, p. 9). vided for the billeting and subsistence
With the aid of friendly natives, of personnel and the operation and
he managed to subsist on the Jap- protection of the airfield there. He
occupied island and t o obtain much maintained such effective vigilance
valuable information regarding the over the enemy-infested waters that
occupatioh forces. Ingeniously at- our forces escaped without damage
tracting the attention of the de-
stroyer, operating two miles off
shore, he signaled messages by
*
throughout the entire period.
Lt. Comdr. Frank D. Schwartz, USN,
Wichita, Kan. : As commanding officer
semaphore t o reveal that a Japa- of a warship during the landing op-
nese battery of six-inch guns con- erations & Lae, Saidor, Arawe and
cealed on Adelup Point remained Cape Glducre‘ster, and as commander
undamaged. of a transport division a t Hyane har-
bor and Hollandia, he exercised sound
After being rescued, Mr. Tweed judgment, initiative and leadership.
furnished information which made At Hyane harbor, his forces were
a vital contribution t o the recap- compelled t o make numerous trips be-
ture of G u m . Since his rescue he tween the transports and the beach
has been promoted from radioman and, although subjected to intense
first class to warrant rank. machine-gun fire, effected the landing Mobster (Fleet Hospital, No. 109)
of all troops and equipment with a “A simfile salute i s sufficient,son.”
Page 53
e
acting commanding officer of the uss ing an imminent threat t o the lives of Comdr. Douglas M . Swift, U S N , of
Curtiss during the Pearl Harbor at- the wounded men. Springfield, Mass., has been awarded
tack, he immediately organized a spir- Lieut. Edward J. Hagan Jr., .(MC) the Silver Star Medal for co~spicuous
ited defense. Although violent fires USNR, Williston, N. Dak.: While at- gallantry and intrepidity as command-
were started and the Curtiss was se- tached to the 3rd Battalion on 14 Jan- ing oficer of the USS bnsdale when
verely damaged by a bomb hit and a uary 1944, with the troops battling up it was sunk off the coast of Algeria.
crashing plane, he continued directing Hill 660 at Cape Gloucester, he rea-
the gunfire of his vessel, enabling his lized it was impossible to evacuate the
men t o destroy several Japanese air- wounded under the fire of the en- island, he went ashore in the face of
:raft. and. a _small .submarin$ while certain danger and. within an exceed-
..-- _-----..--- -- ---- _ - _
1’,
&Comdr. Bret H. Brallier, USCG, S a n of the hill and, in the face of severe co%erning the strength of the J?p?n-
Jose, Calif.: As executive officer of Japanese machine-gun and rifle fire, ese forces, the most suita’ble * beach f o r
the USCGC Cumpbell when it surprised skillfully administered aid to the in- future landings and f avorable sites
an enemy U-boat on the surface and jured. for fighter strips. Discovered by the
collided with it, he expertly conned *Lieut. George M. Kempker, (ChC) enemy, he assisted in killiiig three Japs,
throughout the vigorous engagement USNR, Omaha, Neb.: Serving with a wounding one and puttinl the remain-
and materially contributed to the sink- Marine division at Bougainville, he der to flight before striuggling back
ing of the submarine by gunfire and exposed himself continuously to in- through heavy surf to t kle rendezvous
depth charges, and the capture of sev- tense rifle, machine-gun, artillery and with a friendly craft.
eral members of her crew. Afterward mortar fire to conduct last rites and ALieut. Arthur T. Willetts, (MC)
he rendered invaluable assistance to comfort the wounded. On several oc- USNR, Verona, Pa.: As L-uualLvA. ,otto1:nn
0.17-
his commanding officer in the control casions he proceeded beyond_ combat geon with the 3rd Marine Division
of damage and the safe towage of the lines to locate dead and injured, sub- during the landing at Cape Torokina
*
cutter into port.
Comdr. Finley E. Hall, USN, Tupelo,
sequently guiding stretcher bearers on 1 November 1943, he noticed that
through dense jungle undergrowth for enemy fire was endangering the lives
m m w. h___
Miss. (missing in action). As executive
officer of the uss Liscome B a y when it
was struck by a hostile torpedo off
*
evacuation of casualties. of our wounded .
-I ______
Lieut. James P. Lowry, USNR, Pitts- on the beackrhead. He requested a
burgh, Pa.: As member of a recon- nearby assault unit t o attack an ad-
n hnd- fallen
- _..
__ ._
Makin Island, he skillfully supervised naissance patrol on a Japanese-held jacent enem!q-infested jungle area
the evacuation of personnel from his and, after the site was cleared of Jap-
battle station, completely disregard- anese, establieihed an aid center under
ing his own safety in the face of con- cover of the j ungle growth. Although
tinuous ammunition explosions and his medical post was attacked by
raging fires, He voluntarily remained enemy machinle guns six times during
aboard the rapidly sinking vessel in the day, he calmly treated many se-
an effort to search for other wounded rious wounds.
and trapped shipmates. *Lt. (jg) Kermit E. Chapman,USNR,
*Comdr. Emil E. Napp, (MC) USNR, Fargo, N. Dak. (posthumously): As
New Rochelle, N.Y. : Accompanying boat officer of a landing craft attached
assault troops during the occupation t o the uss Neville during the invasion
of Cape Gloucester, he repeatedly of Eniwetok Atoll, he skillfully ma-
risked his life in order to care for in- neuvered his craft to the designated
jured personnel and supervise their beach i n . the face of sniper fire. Al-
evacuation to .battle aid stations, once though mortally wounded while car-
administering aid to a wounded ma- rying out his perilous mission, he was
rine while pinned down by sniper fire. instrumental in delivering vital equip-
By his keen foresight and outstanding ment to our fighting units.
skill, he contributed to the saving of *Boatswain Joseph V. Kaspar, USN,
many lives. Los Angeles, Calif. (posthumously) :
*Lt. Comdr. Charles S. Manning Jr., While acting as coxswain of a landing
USN, Cheraw, S.C.: As engineering craft during the invasion of Makin
Official U. S. Navy photograph
and diving officer of a submarine se- Atoll, he boldly led an assault against
verely damaged by the Japanese a t CRUISER SKIPPER CITED: For fight- two old hulks beached offshore from
Cavite Navy Yard, he assisted his ing his cruiser in a courageous and which a.deadly stream of enemy fire
commanding officer in directing fire- skillful manner during action in the was coming. Although he lost his life
fighting activities and worked for five Gilberts, Marshalls, Carolines and during the bitter engagement, his dar-
days under persistent air attacks t o Marianas, Capt. Richard W . Bates, ing initiative and fighting spirit con-
make the sub ready for sea. Through- USN, of Alameda, Calif., has received tributed materially to the success o f
out five war patrols his ability con- the Legiort of Me&. our operations.
Page 54
barges, shore installations and a valu- possible the capture of a Mitsubishi
able station a t Cape St. George before fighter which provided new and in-
his plane was badly damaged. He valuable information on this type of
made a skillful water landing with no enemy aircraft.
DISTINGUISHED FLYING CROSS power from either engine, bringing his
* Lt* Comdr* Thomas Davies, USN,
four crew members down to safety, al-
though he himself was fatally injured
Cleveland, Ohio: As a bomber pilot on
an anti-submarine Sweep, he sighted
a surfaced U-boat. He Pressed home *
in the landing.
Lt. (jg) Duane J. Kenney, USNR,
Chicago, 111. (missing in action): Lead- NAVY AND MARINE CORPS MEDAL
a bold depth-bomb attack and defied ing his team of four fighters Over
intense antiaircraft fire to force the Truk on 29 April 1944 as escort *Lt. Comdr. Richard R. Smith, USCG,
sub gun crew to abandon her guns. for torpedo bombers, he a New London, Conn.: While supervising
A second deDth bomb exploded on the ,.-L -..----I -_-- .-+-- the rescue of personnel from a strand-
suDmarines aecK, compieung ILY ue- eu u. 0 . warsnip, rie ieanessiy s e UUL
~
cepting planes. H e sent one Zero down in a power boat and skillfully maneu-
struction. in flames, assisted in the destruction vered
*Lt. Comdr. Robert C. Millard, USN, of another and contributed to the com- waters his craft through treacherous
Mamaroneck. N. Y.: Sighting a sur- plete rout of the remaining fighters. repeatedtotrips the stricken ship. He made
faced U-boat, he dived-low-and re- *Ens. George E. Edwards Jr., uSNR, ing about 45 and succeeded in rescu-
men, while the other
leased depth charges before the sub's East St. Louis, Ill. (missing in action) : boats under his
deck crew could fire a single shot. Piloting a torpedo bomber in an attack additional 155 -who command saved an
Explosions just aft of the conning on an enemy submarine, he pressed have otherwise might
tower drove the submarine beneath home his attack in spite of a heavy *Lieut.perished. Gordon H. MacLane, USCG,
the sea, leaving wooden splinters and barrage of antiaircraft fire. On his
men swimming in oil slick as evidence last attack he was hit by an explosive Evanston, Ill.: As coxswain of a power
that the vessel had been severely dam- shell, causing his plane to explode in vivors boat engaged in the rescue of sur-
aged or destroyed. mid-air and crash ahead of the U-boat. from a stranded U. S. warship,
*Lieut. James E. Bridges, USNR, His courage in attacking single-hand- he maneuvered the boat into highly
waters in order t o take sur-
Brinson, Ga. (missing in action): In edly a heavily-armed submarine is in dangerous
an attack on Japanese shipping in
Truk harbor, he maneuvered his ship
skillfully, dove to a perilously low al-
keeping with the highest traditions of vivors
the naval service.
*Ens. Harold L. Handshuh, USNR, swept
* from the ship and from the sea.
Lieut. Max H. Ostrander, USN, West
Lafayette, Ind.: When a shipmate was
titude and scored a direct hit which Eugene, Oreg. (missing in action): on 8 December overboard from their submarine
exploded an ammunition ship. Piloting a fighter on antisub patrol side with a line1943, he went over the
tied to his waist and
*Lieut. Joseph E. Butler, USNR, Ir- with a torpedo bomber, he sighted and swam to his struggling
winton, Ga. : As assistant operations comrade. He
attacked a U-boat, scoring many hits arrived just as the man lost the life
officer and pilot of a divebomber oper- as he strafed it. Under the protection jacket previously thrown t o him, and
ating in the Solomons from 15 May t o afforded by his strafing attack, the supported him until both were hauled
5 October 1943, he completed numerous
bombing and photographic missions
against strongly defended positions.
On 11 September he volunteered to
torpedo bomber was able to deliver
an accurate depth-bomb attack which aboard
*
probably destroyed the submarine. *
Ens. Albert E. Mitchell, USNR, Seat- ertyville,
the submarine.
Lieut. Clifford D. Philip, US^, Lib-
Ill.; Lt. (jg) Leslie 0. Swan-
direct rescue operations of a ilot shot tle, Wash. (posthumously) : Attacked Machinist son, USNR, Brainerd, Minn., and Chief
down in Japanese-controllei waters by a formation of six carrier-based William J. Kubran, USNR,
and, under most difficult conditions, enemy planes over Unimak Pass, Alas- plane Jacksonville, Fla.: When a Marine
obtained bearings which resulted in ka, on 4 June 1942, he fought val- crashed on the runway a t the
his fescue. iantly against great odds and forced Naval Air Station, Miami, Fla., on 30
ALieut. Robert H: Higley, USNR, down the Japanese flight commander's June 1943, they rushed to extricate the
Kansas City, Mo. (missing in action): plane. Although he himself was killed pilot who was suspended, head down,
Separated from the other planes of when his plane crashed, he had made blaze and helpless. In spite of the fierce
his squadron during an attack on Jap- and imminence of a gasoline ex-
anese surface forces a t Rabaul on 11 plosion, they released the trapped man
November 1943, he valiantly pressed from his shoulder straps and safety
home his attack against a heavy war- belt and lifted him from the wrecked
ship despite violent fighter opposition plane.
and severe antiaircraft fire from shore *Lt. (jg) James L. Hamilton, USNR,
batteries and combatant vessels. Morgantown, W. Va.: When a plane
crashed in the sea on 10 March 1944,
B Lieut. Mark P, Mowry, USNR, Havre,
ont. (posthumously) : On 29 January
1944 he led his division of fighter
he discovered that a crewman floating
nearby had disappeared. He immedi-
ately swam to the area and pulled his
glanes in repeated strafing raids on helpless shipmate from beneath the
beye Island and upon shipping in a water, supporting him until a rescue
pearby lagoon. He pressed home his ship arrived. His presence of mind
successive attacks with determination,
severely damaging two aircraft at a
seaplane base, silencing a group af
light antiaircraft guns near the ramps
* undoubtedly saved the man's life.
Lt. (jg) Leroy A. Shreiner, USNR,
Wenatchee, Wash. (missing in action) :
and' seriously damagin two small Observing a PB4Y-1 plane parked in
*
cargo vessels lying off t f e island.
Lt. (jg) Ralph 8. Brownell, USNR,
Helena, Mont. (missing in action) :
close proximity t o another which was
on fire, he started the engines and
taxied the aircraft out of the danger
Piloting a PB4Y-1, he unhesitatingly zone, although 50-caliber bullets from
attacked a submarine a t night under the burning plane were flying in every
extremely hazardous conditions. He direction. Returning t o the burning
pressed home his assault with deterwr- plane, which contained a 500-pound
nation and probably sank the U-boat. bomb, he taxied i t to a place of safety
*Lt. fjg) Anthony J. Ditter, USNR, (Apamama, 2 January 1944).
Official U. S. Navy photograph
Wayzata, Minn. (posthumously) ; AS Chief Machinist Carl N. Sears, USN,
commander of a Ventura bomber in SUB CREWMAN HONORED: The Sil- Richmond, Va. (posthumously) : Dur-
the South Pacific from 20 October 1943 uer Star MedaE has been .@resented ing the sinking of one of the pontoons
to 22 February 1944, he took part in Roy L. Hoffmann, CRM, USN, of of a floating dry dock at an advanced
. many daring raids on hostile installq2- Swat@ Rosa, Calif., for gallantry in naval base in the South Pacific Area on
tions. In a strike against targets on @ion while his submarine was at- 2 November 1943, he procured wooden
the coast of New Ireland on 22 Feb- tacking Jafianese shi@@ingin enemy plugs after all men had been ordered
ruary, he succeeded in crippling enemy waters. from the engine and pump rooms and
uair;, uaiii.,
USCG, LOUp
Speck, Cox.
As coxswai
the rescue (
HOCKS I
Et
vo
tn
to
gr
of
on
H
Denenrs or some-
.tiflcate of honor-
krge under henor-
.Po, USNR.
satisfactory ser-
B@'ey:sy Circ. _LZp
42-333, p. 638), i t would seem that a tech- NEPTUNE CERTIFICATES
nical observer falls under the legal deflni- Limited space makes it impossible t o
tion of a n aircraft observer and thus is SIR: Are Neptune Certiflcates author-
entitled to the 50% extra base pay for print more than a small proportion o f the ized for aircraft squadrons crossing the
fliaht duty. letters received each month. Only those Equator?-R.L.W.. Ylc. USNR.
of widest interest, for which the answers Yes.-ED.
are not readily available a t ships and sta- SIR: Not so long ago a group of us
crossed the Equator aboard a ship to which
tions, can be selected. If your letter does we were not assigned. We were fully ini-
not appear, it is suggested that you check tiated, but did not receive a diploma stat-
a (1) A n aviation technical observer i s C O G back through recent issues of the I N - ing that we were shellbacks. I wrote the
sidered strictly a technician who has never F O R M A T I O N BULLETIN, since many leading yeoman aboard the ship, but dld
completed any course of training designat- not receive a n answer. Are we supposed
i n g him as a flying ofricer or a combat air- letters must be eliminated because they to receive a diploma stating that we arc
crewman, or i f , a msdical ofricer, a course have been answered by previous ma- shellbacks?-R.G., Slc.
leading to deszgnation as f l i g h t surgeon. terial in the Letters column or elsewhere. Upon initiation pollywogs ( m e n who
The fiat $ 7 2 0 a year pay f o r aviation tech- cross the Equato; f o r the first t h e ) be-
nical observers is M e d by Federal law. come shellbacks, and are entitled to a
( 2 ) The designation Naval Aviation Ob- Neptune certificate signed by the com-
server was established during the World
REENLISTMENT manding ofricer of the vessel o n whzch the
W a r to allow selected senior ofSLcer gradu- SIR: 111 I was commissioned two ceremony zs held. W e suggest that yon
ates of the Naval Academy to take a uaval months before mv enlistment exDired. write the 00 via your commanding ofJicer,
aviation course at Pensacola and thus When I revert to my rate, do I complete requestzng a’certificate. For complete de-
qualify for command of carriers and other my enlistment or do I reenlist? ( 2 ) Be- “ tails see October 1 9 4 3 INFORMATIONBULLE-
aviation units. Since enough flight ofSLcers cause my service was broken, I reenlisted TIN.-ED.
are available for aviation comnaands, Naval with the understandine that I could
Aviation Observers are not being trained transfer t o the Fleet Reserve Upon com- MACHINE GUNNER
or designated as such at the present time. pleting 20 years’ total service. Is this SIR: I a m a special artiflcer, devices
None have been deszgnated during the correct? If so, please quote the refer- (machine gunner). (1) Is it possible to go
present war, and requests are not being ence. J.B., Ens.. USN. to sea duty with this rating? ( 2 ) In what
aeceptcd for this traini?&g.-ED. (1) Regardless of how much of .you?‘ category does this rating fall-above or be-
enlisted period was served as an ofricer, low deck?-F.A.B., SADZc(MG) (T), USNB.
you would reenlist only i f the expiration a (1) Yes, to advance base duty but not
‘WAVE’ COVER PICTURE date of your enlistment had passed.
Otherwise, yon would complete your en- aboard ship. ( 2 ) Artificer Branch.-ED.
SIR: The cover picture entitled “Wave
a t Work” on the August 1944 issue was listment by serving until the expiration
erroneously credited to Naval Air Station date. ( 8 ) Yes. Naval Reserve Act of FORFEITURES FUND ABOLISHED
Lakehurst, N. J. To set the record straight I 1938. All actwe. naval service counts to- SIR: Art. 1877, paragraph 2(b), Navy
the Picture was taken a t the Naval Air ward time reqwired for transfer to the Regs, states that the amount of pay de-
Station Floyd Bennett Field, Brooklyn, Fleet Reserve but yon may Not be trans- ducted on account of sentences of deck
N.Y.--k. W. W. Jr., Capt. USN (Ret). ferred t o the k R while serving as a tem- courts or courts-martial will be credited
* Y o u are correct. The credit to N A S , porary oficer.-ED. to the Navv Fines and Forfeitures Fund.
Lakehurst, was in errOr.-ED. We are unable to ascertain just when or
SURVIVOR’S REASSIGNMENT how this money is used nor can our dis-
SIR: A ship on which I previouslY bursing officer enlightin us.-H. McC.,
FRENCH FOURRAGERE served was sunk. May I be reassigxed t o Lt.. USNR.
SIR: Are members of the U. S. Coast a new ship bearing the same name?- Public Law 76, 78th Uolzgress, approved
Guard allowed to wear the French Four- J.E.Y., Slc, USN. 15 June 1 9 4 3 , abolished the fund to which
ragere under the conditions -explained in you refer. The law provides .that “All pay
I3uT’ws Circular Lcttrr. 1 9 9 4 4 (S.D.B., a There is no privilege of reassignment 4%
such a case. Y o u could wrzte BuPers, vza forfezted by law or by terms of a court-
I; July 19.14)?-R.\V.B.. C l I l 1 . USCG. ofSLcial channels, requesting duty on the martial sentence shall remain to the
Y e s - See also INFORGATION ‘BULLETIN, new ship of the same name i f it were al- credit o f the appropriation concerned.”
Aug. 1 9 4 4 , p. ql.--ED. - ready in commission, and the request The appropriation, in this case, is Pay,
would receive due consideration. I f the Subsistence and Transportation, Navy.-
ship were under construction the request ED.
LONGEVITY PAY FOR BCD
should be addressed via ofliiial chanuels
SIR: I f a man gets a BCD and later is to t h e , personnel ofricer of the Atlantzc SKT RATING BADGE
allowed to return to the service, may he or Pacafic Fleet Subordznate Command.- SIR: Is an SKT authorized to have the
draw longevity pay for his previous ser- ED. “T” placed just below the keys on his
vice ending in a BCD?-J.E.Y., Slc, USN. ratina badge?-J.R.A.. SKTlc.
* Y e s , except f o r any time lost in prior
I _
Volunteers
btain Rates
- ,.:c - ,
l Y^ l i I --
‘ U Y J
in a
rom-
L,.
Page 68
seersucker dress now authorized for ends upon detachm
wear by members of the Women’s Re- ped0 boat duty. TE
serve, may be worn by Navy nurses the insignia shall
on duty in certain hospitals in the enlisted man’s ser7
Pacific area where i t is difficult to As soon as the i
maintain white starched uniforms. the block letters “I
These regulations are contained in on the left sleeve
BuPers Circ. Ltr. 259-44 (N.D.B., 15 (For details see
Sept. 1944, 44-1066). 265-44, N.D.B., 15 1
Paze 71
CHIEF PETTY OFFICE DIVISION OFFICER PERSONNEL UFFIGEH
..
I I
See your Division , perhaps your
D i v i s i o n Officer
Chief P e t t y O f -
can help you in
* ficer first if you y o u r quest, IO0 oasep It won’t
have any problem. whether leave, be necessary to go
P e r h a p s he can change of duty, farther for help.
solve it to your welfare money, BUT If you are
satisfaction. tf not etc. If ygu are not
s a t i s f i e d , then, still not satistled,
-with his permis.
7 ..
with his permis.
3
p then, l . sion.
sion. l3J -
Pa--
0
/ EXECUTIVE OFFICE CAPTAIN
f
I
/
, , , you can see ...Fewseedo-MOT
the Captain.
be.
I the Executive Of- cause the Skip-
I ficer. The ohances ZILCH, S2c
per won’t see you
I
I
4
I
.are you will be
satisfied by new,
but if you are not,
with the Exec’s
I (he will) but be=
cause, if you fob
low the procedure
above, your prob=
Better not count
on Z i l c h , S ~ C ,
solving your prob-
lem. He probably
\ lem will probably doesn’t know any
p e r m i s s i o n you
i
I 3 have been solved
long before this!
more about it than
you do!