B3.

2-R3: BASIC MATHEMATICS

NOTE:
1. Answer question 1 and any FOUR questions from 2 to 7.
2. Parts of the same question should be answered together and in the same
sequence.
Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 100

1.
a) Find the square root of (3+4i).
b) Find the real eigenvalue and associated eigenvector of the following

0 0 6
A= ½ 0 0
0 ⅓ 0

∫ sin
2
ydy
0
c) Find lim
x →0 x3
d) Find the eccentricity of the hyperbola
5 x 2 − 4 y 2 − 10 x − 16 y − 31 = 0
1 1 1
e) Let Sn = + + ........ + . then find lim S n .
1.2 2.3 n(n + 1) x →∞

f) Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y = ( x + 2)( x + 1)( x − 1), and the lines
x = -2 and x = 1.
x4 x + 6
g) Find the derivative of
(2 x + 1)(2 x + 3)
(7x4)

2.
a) Find the value of k, for which the systems of equations
x – ky +z = 0
kx + 3y – kz = 0
3x + y – z = 0,
has (i) trivial solution, (ii) non-trivial solutions.
b) If 1 x+1 x+2

2(x + 1) 2(x + 1) (x + 1) (x + 2)
f (x) =

3x (x + 1) (x – 1) x (x + 1) x (x + 1) (x + 2)

then find the value of f (100).

c) Determine the rank of the following matrix, for all values of x .

5- x 2 1
A= 2 1- x 0
1 0 1-x
(6+6+6)

B3.2-R3 Page 1 of 3 JULY, 2005

3.
a) The function f (x) = x3 + 2ax + b, 0 ≤ x ≤1
bx2 + 3a , x>0
is differentiable for all x > 0. Find the values of a and b. Draw the graph of the function
f (x ) .
π
sin x
b) Evaluate ∫ 1 − sin x dx
−π
c) Find all functions f (x ) such that
df ( x)
= −( x − 1) 2
dx
and draw the graph of f ( x ) in the x-y plane. Find in particular the function whose graph
passes through the point ( x 0 , y 0 ) = (1, 1) .
(5+5+8)

4.
a) Find the equations of the common tangents to the circle
(x – 2)2 + y2 = 4 and the parabola y2 = - 4x.
b) The lengths of two non-zero vectors a and b are equal. If the vectors a – 3b and 7a +5b
are the right angles, then find the angle between the vectors a and b.
c) AOB is the positive quadrant of the ellipse 9x2 + y2 = 36. Find the area between the arc
AB and the chord AB.
(6+6+6)

5.
dny
If y = x e and x = 0
3 2x
a) , then find
dx n
b) Find the extreme values of the function
1
f (x) = x x
c) Assume that x1 is a point of maxima and x2 is a point of minima of the function
f (x) = 2x3 – 9ax2 + 12a2x + 1
2
Find the value of a > 0 for which x1 = x 2
(6+6+6)

6.
1− x2   3x − x 3 
Find the derivative of cos   with respect to tan −1  .
−1
a) 2  2 
1+ x   1 − 3x 
(1 + sin x )e x
b) Evaluate ∫ 1 + cos x
dx

State the mean-value theorem. For f ( x ) = x - x in [a,b], determine all numbers ξ in the
3
e)
specified interval, such that
f (b ) − f (a )
f ' (ξ ) =
b−a
Take a=0 and b=2.
(6+6+6)

B3.2-R3 Page 2 of 3 JULY, 2005

7.
π π
a) If Zk= cos k
+ i sin k , k = 1, 2, ........ then find the value of
3 3
Z1 Z2 …….. ∞.

b) From the top of a tower 15 feet high, the angles of depression at two points on opposite
sides of it are 30º and 60º. Find the distance between the points.

c) If a , b , c are three vectors such that a + b + c =0, |a| = 3, |b|= 4, |c| = 5, then find the
value of a . b + b . c + c . a

d) Let P (x1, y1) and Q (x2, y2) be two distinct points on the parabola y = Ax2 + Bx + C,
A≠0.Using Lagrange mean value theorem, find a point R on the arc PQ, where the
tangent to the curve is parallel to the chord PQ.
(6+4+4+4)

B3.2-R3 Page 3 of 3 JULY, 2005

 B3.2-R3: BASIC MATHEMATICS

NOTE:
1. Answer question 1 and any FOUR questions from 2 to 7.
2. Parts of the same question should be answered together and in the same
sequence.
Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 100

1.
r r r r r r
a) Show that the points whose position vectors are i − 2 j + 3k ,2i + 3 j − 4k and
r r
7 j + 1 0k are collinear.
b) Show that the roots of the equation x2+x+1 =0 are of the form w and w2. Also, find the
sum of the roots.
Ans x2 + x +1 = 0
2 2
1 1 1
⇒ ( x ) + 2.x. +   + 1 −   = 0
2

2 2 2
2
 1 1
⇒  x +  = −1
 2 4
2
 1 3 3
⇒  x +  = − = i2.
 2 4 4
 1 3 3
⇒  x +  = i2. = i
 2 4 2
1 3
⇒x=− + i
2 2
1 3
Let ω = − + i
2 2
2
 1 3 
∴ ω =  − +
2
i 
 2 2 
2
 1   3   3 
2
 1
=  −  + 2. − . i + i
 2  2   2   2 
1 3 3
=− i−
4 2 4
1 3
=− − i
2 2
∴ ω andω 2 are the roots of the given equation x 2 + x + 1 = 0
1 3  1 3
ω +ω2 = − + i + −  − i = −1
2 2  2 2
c) Let A and B be 2x2 matrices such that AB=0. Is it always true that A=0 and B=0?
Justify.

B3.2-R3 Page 1 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

 log(1 + x 3 )
d) Evaluate lt
x →0 sin 3 x
log(1 + x 3 ) log(1 + x 3 ) log(1 + x 3 )
lt lt
log(1 + x )3
x3 x →0 x3 x 3 →0 x3 1 1
Ans lt 3
= lt 3
= 3
= 3
= 3 = =1
x →0 Sin x x → 0 Sin x Sin x  Sin x  1 1
3
lt 3  lt 
x x →0 x  x →0 x 
e) Show that the line y=x+2 is a tangent to the parabola y2=8x. Also, find the point of
contact.
∞
3n
f) Test the Convergence of the series ∑ 2(n + 1) .
n =1
g) find the area included between the circle x2+y2=1 and the lines x=0 and x=1.
h) Find points of maxima/minima of the function

f(x)=x+sin 2x; 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 Π

i) If a circle passes through the point (a,b) and touches both the co-ordinate axit, then show
that a=b.
(3+3+3+3+3+3+3+4+3)

2.
a) State DeMoirre’s Theorem. Express the complex number
(Cosθ + iSinθ ) 3
Z= ( Sinθ + iCosθ )
(Cos 2θ − iSin 2θ )
In the form x-iy, where x and y are real numbers. Also find |z| and arg. z.

Ans z=
(cosθ + i sin θ )3 (sin θ + i cos θ )
(cos 2θ − i sin 2θ )
(cosθ + i sin θ )3  Sinθ = − Sin (− θ )
= (sin θ + i cos θ )  Cosθ = Cos (− θ ) 
{cos (− 2θ ) − i (− sin (− 2θ ))}  

=
(cosθ + i sin θ )
3
(sin θ + i cosθ )
{cos(− 2θ ) + i sin (− 2θ )}
=
(cosθ + i sin θ )
3
(− i 2 sin θ + i cosθ ) [i 2
]
= −1 ⇒ −i 2 = 1
(cosθ + i sin θ ) −2

= (cosθ + i sin θ ) i (cosθ − i sin θ )

5

= i (cosθ + i sin θ ) (cosθ + i sin θ )(cosθ − i sin θ )

4

= i (cosθ + i sin θ ) (cos 2 θ − i 2 sin 2 θ )

4

= i (cosθ + i sin θ ) (cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ )

4

= i (cosθ + i sin θ )
4

= i (cos (4θ ) + i sin (4θ ))

= i cos (4θ ) + i 2 sin (4θ )
= − sin (4θ ) + i cos (4θ )
∴ x = − sin (4θ ), y = cos (4θ )

B3.2-R3 Page 2 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

 z = x2 + y2 = (− sin (4θ ))2 + (cos (4θ ))2 = sin 2 (4θ ) + cos 2 (4θ ) = 1 = 1
 cos (4θ )   π 
Arg ( z ) = π − tan −1   = π − tan −1 (− cot (4θ )) = π − tan −1  tan + 4θ  
 − sin (4θ )   2 
π  π π
= π −  + 4θ  = π − − 4θ = + 4θ
2  2 2
r r r r r r r r r
b) Find the value of λ so that the vectors i − j + k ,2i + j − k and λi − j + λk are co-
planer.
c) Which of the following matrices is non-sungular?
1 2  2 0
A =   , B =  
3 6  2 0
Also, find its inverse.

1 2
Ans A= 
3 6
1 2
A= = 6−6 = 0
3 6
∴A is a Singular Matrix
2 0
B= 
0 2
2 0
B = = 4−0 = 4
0 2
∴B is a Non-Singular Matrix
C11 = (−1)1+1 ⋅ (2) = 2
C12 = (−1)1+ 2 ⋅ (0) = 0
C 21 = (−1) 2+1 ⋅ (0) = 0
C 22 = (−1) 2+ 2 ⋅ (2) = 2
C C 21  2 0
Adj ( B ) =  11 =
C12 C 22  0 2
2 0  1 
 
Adj ( B) 0 2  2 0 
B −1 = = =
B 4 1
0 
 2

d) Solve the following system of equations by Cramer’s rule or by Gauss-elimination

method:
x1 - 2x2 + x3 = 0, -x2+x3 = -2, 2x1 − 3x3 = 10.

B3.2-R3 Page 3 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

Ans x1 − 2 x 2 + x3 = 0 LLL (1)
− x 2 + x3 = −2 LLL (2)
2 x1 − 3x3 = 10 LLL (3)

By Cramer’s Rule
1 −2 1
D = 0 − 1 1 = 1(3 − 0) + 2(0 − 2) + 1(0 + 2) = 3 − 4 + 2 = 1
2 0 −3
0 −2 1
D1 = − 2 − 1 1 = 0(3 − 0) + 2(6 − 10) + 1(0 + 10) = 0 − 8 + 10 = 2
10 0 − 3
1 0 1
D3 = 0 − 2 1 = 1(6 − 10) − 0(0 − 2) + 1(0 + 4) = −4 − 0 + 4 = 0
2 10 − 3
1 −2 0
D3 = 0 − 1 − 2 = 1(−10 − 0) + 2(0 + 4) + 0(0 + 2) = −10 + 8 = −2
2 0 10
D1 2
∴ x1 = = =2
D 1
D 0
x2 = 2 = = 0
D 1
D −2
x3 = 3 = = −2
D 1

By Gauss Elimination Method

x1 − 2 x 2 + x3 = 0 LLL (1) 1 − 2 1 0
− x 2 + x3 = −2 LLL (2) 0 − 1 1 − 2
 
2 x1 − 3 x3 = 10 LLL (3) 2 0 − 3 10 

Step-1: Elimination of x1
(1) ⇒ x1 − 2 x 2 + x3 = 0 LLL (1) 1 − 2 1 0
(2) ⇒ − x 2 + x3 = −2 LLL (2) 0 − 1 1 − 2 
 
(3) = (3) − (1) × 2 ⇒ 4 x 2 − 5 x3 = 10 LLL (3) 0 4 − 5 10 

B3.2-R3 Page 4 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

 Step-2: Elimination of x 2
(1) ⇒ x1 − 2 x 2 + x3 = 0 LLL (1) 1 − 2 1 0
(2) ⇒ − x 2 + x3 = −2 LLL (2) 0 − 1 1 − 2 
 
(3) = (3) + (2) × 4 ⇒ − x3 = 2 LLL (3) 0 0 − 1 2 
∴ x3 = −2
x 2 = x3 + 2 = −2 + 2 = 0
x1 = 2 x 2 − x3 = (2 × 0) − (−2) = 0 + 2 = 2

2 + 3i
e) Find the multiplicative inverse of the complex number in the form x+iy where x
3 − 2i
and y are real numbers.
2 + 3i (2 + 3i )(3 + 2i ) 6 + 4i + 9i + 6i 2 6 − 6 + 4i + 9i 13i
Ans z= = = = = =i
3 − 2i (3 − 2i )(3 + 2i ) 3 2 − (2i ) 9+4
2
13
∴ x = 0, y = 1
(x + iy )−1 = 2 x 2 − i. 2 y 2 = 0 − i 1 = 0 − 1 i = −i
x +y x +y 0 +1 1+ 0
(4+3+3+5+3)

3.
a) Without expanding, show that the determinant
5 2 3
7 3 4 vanishes.
9 4 5
5 2 3
Ans D= 7 3 4
9 4 5
5 5 3
= 7 7 4 =0 [C 2 = C 2 + 1.C3 ]
9 9 5
f ( x) − f (3) − 3
b) If f(x) = 25 − x 2 , prove that lt = .
x →3 x−3 4
Ans f ( x) = 25 − x 2
f (3) = 25 − 3 2 = 25 − 9 = 16 = 4
f ( x) − f (3) 25 − x 2 − 4 ( 25 − x 2
−4 )( 25 − x 2
+4 )
lt
x →3 x−3
= lt
x →3 x−3
= lt
x →3
(x − 3)( 25 − x + 4
2
)
25 − x − 4 2 2
9− x 2
(
− x2 − 9 )
= lt
x →3
(x − 3)( 25 − x 2 + 4 ) = lt
x →3
(x − 3)( 25 − x 2 + 4 ) = lt
x →3
(x − 3)( 25 − x 2 + 4 )

B3.2-R3 Page 5 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

 (x − 3)(x + 3) = − lt ( x + 3) = − 3+3 6
(x − 3)( 25 − x 2 + 4) x→3 ( 25 − x 2 + 4)
= − lt =−
x →3
25 − 3 2 + 4 16 + 4
6 6 3
=− =− =−
4+4 8 4
c) find the distance between the parallel lines 2x+4y = 7 and x+2y = 3.
d) Using the concept of ‘rank’ of a matrix, list for consistency the following system of
equation 2x + 8y + 5z = 5, x + 2y – z = 2, x + y +z = -2.
d2y
e) If y = A cos mx + B Sin mx, then show that 2
+ m2 y = 0
dx
Ans y = A Cos mx + B Sin mx
dy d
= ( A Cos mx + B Sin mx)
dx dx
d d
= A Cos mx + B Sin mx
dx dx
d d
= A Cos mx + B Sin mx
dx dx
= − Am Sin mx + Bm Cos mx
= Bm Cos mx − Am Sin mx
d 2 y d  dy  d
=  = ( Bm Cos mx − Am Sin mx)
dx 2 dx  dx  dx
d d
= Bm Cos mx − Am Sin mx
dx dx
d d
= Bm Cos mx − Am Sin mx
dx dx
= − Bm . m Sin mx − Am . m Cos mx
= − Bm 2 Sin mx − Am 2 Cos mx
m 2 y = m 2 ( A Cos mx + B Sin mx ) = Am 2 Cos mx + Bm 2 Sin mx
d2y
+ my 2 = − Bm 2 Sin mx − Am 2 Cos mx + Am 2 Cos mx + Bm 2 Sin mx = 0
dx 2
(Proved)

Π
f) Find the value of k so that the function f(x) defined below is continuous at x = .
2
 kCosx π
π − 2 x , when x ≠
f(x) =  2
π
k , when x =
 2
Ans The function f (x) is defined as:
k cos x
f ( x) = , when x ≠ π 2
π − 2x
=k , when x = π 2

B3.2-R3 Page 6 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

 At the point x = π 2
π 
f =k
2
k cos x 1 k cos x
lt f ( x) = lt = lt
x →π 2 x →π 2 π − 2 x 2 x →π 2 π 2 − x
Put x − π 2 = θ
∴θ → 0 as x → π 2
1 k cos x 1 k cos(π 2 + θ ) 1 k (− sin θ ) k sin θ k k
∴ lt = lt = lt = lt = .1 =
2 x →π 2 π 2 − x 2 θ →0 −θ 2 θ →0 − θ 2 θ →0 θ 2 2
As the function in continuous at x = π 2
∴ f (π 2 ) = lt f ( x)
x →π 2

k
⇒k=
2
⇒ 2k = k
⇒ 2k − k = 0
⇒k =0
(2+3+3+4+3+3)

4.
a) Find the characteristics roots of the matrix
 2 3 4
 
 0 −1 5 
 0 0 3
 
b) Find local maximum/minimum value (if any) for the function f(x) = x3 – 12x2 + 36x + 17,
1 ≤ x ≤ 10.
dx
c) Evaluate ∫ x( x4
+ 1)
dx x dx
Ans I =∫ =∫ 2 4
x( x + 1)
4
x ( x + 1)
Put x 2 dx = u
⇒ 2 x dx = du
1
⇒ x dx = du
2
1 du 1 (u 2 + 1) − u 2
∴I = ∫
2 u (u 2 + 1) 2 ∫ u (u 2 + 1)
= du

1 (u 2 + 1) 1 u2
2 ∫ u (u 2 + 1) 2 ∫ u (u 2 + 1)
= du − du = J say

Put u 2 + 1 = v

B3.2-R3 Page 7 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

 ⇒ 2u du = dv
1
⇒ u du = dv
2
1 u du 1 1 dv 1 dv 1 1
∫ = × ∫
2 u +1 2 2 v
2
= ∫
4 v
= log v = log (u 2 + 1)
4 4
1 1 u du
J = log u − ∫ 2
2 2 u +1 2
1 1 1 1
= log u − log(u 2 + 1) = log x 2 − log x 2
4 2 4
{( )
2
}
+1

1 1 1 1 
= log x 2 − log( x 4 + 1) = log x 2 − log( x 4 + 1) + C
2 4 2 2 
d) Find the asymptotes of the Curse x2y – xy2 + xy + y2 + x – y =0.
Ans x 2 y − xy 2 + xy + y 2 + x − y = 0
The given equation is of 3rd degree where the term y 3 and x 3 are absent. So, it is
possible to exist an asymptotes parallel to y-axis and x-axis.
2
Equating the co-efficient of x with 0 , we get:
y = 0 is a required asymptotes
Again the above equation can be written as:
x 2 y − ( x − 1) y 2 + xy + x − y = 0
2
Equating the co-efficient of y with 0 , we get:
x = 1 is another required asymptotes.
Now, the given equation can be written as:
xy ( x − y ) + xy + y 2 + x − y = 0
The asymptotes parallel to x − y = 0 is:
xy + y 2 + x − y x2 + x2 + x − x 2x 2
x − y + lt = x − y + lt = x − y + lt = x− y+2
x →∞ xy x →∞ x2 x →∞ x 2
y=x

∴ The required asymptotes is x − y + 2 = 0

⇒ y = x+2
Thus, y = 0, x = 1, y = x + 2 are the required asymptotes.

e) Verify the thpothesis and the conclusion of the Rolle’s theorem for the function
f(x) = (x – 2) x on [0,2].
(3+4+3+4+4)

5.
a) Write the equation of the ellipse 3x2 + 4y2 = 12 in standard form and sketch it. Clearly
indicate its; center and vertices.

4 1
b) Evaluate: lt ( + )
x →2 x − 4 2
2− x
 4 1   4 1   4 − (x + 2)  4− x −2
lt  2 +  = lt  2 −  = lt   = lt  2 
x →2 x − 4
 2 − x  x → 2 x − 4 x − 2  x → 2 x − 4  x → 2 x − 4 
2

B3.2-R3 Page 8 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

  2− x   − (x − 2)  1  1  1
= lt  2  = lt   = − lt = − =−
x→2 x − 4
  x→2 (x + 2)( x − 2 )  x→2 x + 2
2+ 2 4
c) Show that the conic 9x2 – 24xy + 16y2 – 18x – 101y + 19 = 0 represents a parabola.
1
x
d) Evaluate ∫
0 x2 + 3
dx

1
x
∫
0 x 2
+ 3
dx = I Say

Let x 2 + 3 = u
⇒ 2 x dx = 2u du
⇒ x dx = du
x u du x 0 1
∫ x 2 + 3 dx = ∫ u = ∫ du z 3 2
1 2
x 2
I =∫ dx = ∫ du = z ] = 2 − 3
0 x +32
3 3

1 1 1
e) Applying Leibnitz’s test to show that the series 1 - + − + ...... is convergent
2 3 4
(4+4+4+3+3)

6.
3+i
a) Express the complex number in polar form.
1− i

Ans z=
3+i
=
(
3 + i (1 + i )
=
)
3 + 3i + i + i 2
=
3 − 1 + 3i + i
1− i (1 − i )(1 + i ) 1 −i
2 2
1 − (− 1)

=
3 −1+ i 3 +1
=
(
3 −1  3 +1
+ i 
)
2 2 
 2 
3 −1 3 +1
∴x = and y =
2 2

r = x + y = 
2
2
 3 −1  3 +1
 +
2
 
2
2
 = 

{( 3 ) + 1 } =
2 2
2(3 + 1)
 2   2   4  4
 
8
= = 2
4
 3 +1   1 
  1+ 
−1  y  −1  2   3 +1  −1  3
θ = tan   = tan −1
= tan    = tan
 x  3 −1 
 3 − 1   1 
  1− 
 2   3

B3.2-R3 Page 9 of 11 JANUARY, 2005

  π π 
 tan + tan 
= tan −1  4 6  = tan −1 tan π + π  = tan −1 tan 10π  10π 5π
      = =
 π π   4 6    4  4 2
 1 − tan . tan 
 4 6
 5π 5π 
∴ z = 2  cos + i sin 
 12 12 

b) Find the equation of the circle whose center is (1, 2) and which touches the line 3x+4y=1
 1 − 1 1 2 
c) If A =   and B =   , then is it true that (AB)’ = -A’ B’?
 2 − 1  4 −1
1 − 1 1 2 
Ans A=  and B =  
2 − 1 4 − 1
1 − 1 1 2  1 − 4 2 + 1  − 3 3
AB =   = = 
2 − 1 4 − 1 2 − 4 4 + 1 − 2 5
− 3 − 2
( AB )/ = 
3 5 
1 2
A/ =  
− 1 − 1
 − 1 − 2
− A/ = 
1 1 
1 4 
B/ =  
2 − 1
 − 1 − 2  1 4   − 1 − 4 − 4 + 2   − 5 − 2 
− A/ B / =  = =
1 1  2 − 1  1 + 2 4 − 1   3 3 
∴ ( AB ) ≠ − A / B /
/

d) Use DeMoivre’s Theorem to show that

Cos3θ = 4Cos 3θ − 3Cosθ
Ans cos 3θ = 4 cos 3 θ − 3 cosθ
By Demoivre’s Theorem:
(cos 3θ + i sin 3θ ) = (cosθ + i sin θ )3
⇒ cos 3θ + i sin 3θ = cos 3 θ + 3 cos 2 i sin θ + 3i 2 sin 2 θ cosθ + i 3 sin 3 θ
⇒ cos 3θ + i sin 3θ = cos 3 θ + 3 cos 2 i sin θ − 3 sin 2 θ cosθ − i sin 3 θ
( ) (
⇒ cos 3θ + i sin 3θ = cos 3 θ − 3 sin 2 θ cosθ + i 3 cos 2 sin θ − sin 3 θ )
∴ cos 3θ = cos 3 θ − 3 sin 2 θ cosθ [If , x + iy = a + ib, then x = a]
(
⇒ cos 3θ = cos θ − 3 cosθ 1 − cos θ
3 2
)
⇒ cos 3θ = cos θ − 3 cosθ + 3 cos θ
3 3

⇒ cos 3θ = 4 cos 3 θ − 3 cosθ (Pr oved )

(4+4+5+5)

B3.2-R3 Page 10 of 11 JANUARY,

2005
7.
a) Sketch the graph of the function y = Sin3x in [0,Π].
b) Find the area enclosed between the parabola y = 4x2 , the x axis and the lines x=1 and x
=2.
x− | x |
c) Find lt
x →0 + 2
x− x 0−0 0  x = x, when x ≥ 0 
Ans lt = = =0  
2 2 2  x = − x, when x ≤ 0
x →0 +

d) Assuming the validity of the Macularin’s series expansion, find the first four terms of the
function f(x) = ex Cosx.
(5+5+4+4)

B3.2-R3 Page 11 of 11 JANUARY,

2005
B3.2-R3: BASIC
MATHEMATICS
Question Papers

July, 2004

NOTE:
1. Answer question 1 and any FOUR questions from 2 to 7.
2. Parts of the same question should be answered
together and in the same sequence.
Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 100

1.
a. If 1, ω, ω2 are the cube roots of unity, then find the value of
(1+ω)(1+ω2)(1+ω4)(1+ω5)

 2 1 2
b. Find the inverse of the matrix 1 2 2 using the Guass-Jordan
2 2 2
method

c. Using the binomial theorem, find the coefficient of x4 in the

10
x 3 
expansion of  − 2 
3 x 

lim  x + 5  x +3
d. Find  
x → ∞  x +1 

e. Derive a reduction formula for I m,n = ∫ x m (log x) n dx m, n are integers

relating Im,n and Im,n-1.

π
xdx
f. Evaluate the definite integral ∫ 1 + cos
0
2
x

∑[ ]
∞
g. Test for convergence, the series n4 + 1 − n4 −1
n =1

h. Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola y2=4(x+1) which is

parallel to the line x+y+1=0.
 i. Find the projection of the vector 2i+3j-k along the vector 4i+j+2k.
(3+4+3+3+2+4+3+4+2)

2.
a. Find all the characteristic roots (elgen values) and the corresponding
 1 2 2
characteristic vector (elgen vectors) of the matrix  0 2 1 
− 1 2 2
b. Show that the length of the segment of the tangent line to the curve
x=acos3t, y=asin3t, cut off by the coordinate axis is constant.
c. Find the area of the region bounded by y=|x+5|, x=-1, x=-6 and the x-
axis.
d. Obtain the first four terms of the Taylor series of f ( x) = x about x=2.
Estimate the error if this series is used in the interval[2,3].
(5+5+4+4)
3.
a. Find the complex numbers, which satisfy both the equations
z−6 5 z−2
= and =1
z − 4i 9 z−4
x y z
b. If xyz = 1 and y z x = 1, then find the value of x3+y3+z3.
z x y
c. Find the sides of a rectangle of greatest area that can be inscribed in
the ellipse
4x2+9y2=36
d. Find the area of the region bounded by {( x, y ) : x 2 + y 2 ≤ 16 and x + y ≥ 4} .
e. Find a unit vector perpendicular to both the vectors 2i − 3 j + 6k , i + j + k
(4+2+5+4+3)

4.
a. If z=x+iy where x and y are variables, then find the locus represented
z −1
by the equation =1
z +1
b. Find the values of the parameters ka and a such that the system of
x1 − x2 + 2 x3 = 3
equations 2 x1 − 3 x2 + x3 = −2
2 x1 + x2 + kx3 = a
has (i) unique solution, (ii) infinite number of solutions, (iii) no solution.

∫ [x ]dx where [x ] denotes the greatest integer function

2
2 2
c. Evaluate the integral
0
2
at x .
n2 −1 n
d. Test for convergence, the series ∑n 2
+2
x for all values of x.
e. A stone is dropped in quiet water. The water moves in circles. The radii of
the circles are increasing at the rate of 0.2 cm/sec. Find the rate at which the
area of a circle is increasing when radius is 5 cm.
(2+5+4+5+2)
5.
If a i > 0, i = 1,2,...,9and they form a geometric progression, then find the value
a. of the determinant
log a1 log a 2 log a3
log a 4 log a5 log a 6
log a 7 log a8 log a9

b. Find the equations of the tangents to the ellipse 16x2+3y2=1, which are
perpendicular to the line 3x=4y+1

c. Using the DeMoivre's theorem, find the values of 1 − 3i ( )

1/ 4
.

d. Examine whether the vectors i+2j+3k, 3i+4j+5k, 6i+7j+8k are linearly

dependent or linearly independent.

e. Find a point on the curve y = x which is nearest to the point(2,0).

(4+4+3+3+4)

6.
lim e sin 3 x − 1
a. Find the limit .
x→0 x
b. Find the conic, which is represented by the equation
9x2-4y2+36x+8y-4=0
Hence, find its (i) centre, (ii) vertices, (ii) eccentricity
c. Find the rank of the matrix
− 2 − 1 3 − 2 
− 3 4 1 5 

1 2 7 1 
 
 11 − 8 11 − 13
d. Using vectors, find the unit normal to the plane containing the points A(1,-
2,3), B(2,1,0), C(3,2,1).
e. Evaluate the integral ∫ log[ 1 − x + 1 + x ]dx

(2+4+4+3+5)
7.

a. Find the values of a and b such that the function

f(x)=x-3, for x ≥ 2
=ax+b, for 0 x ≤ 2
 =-2x-1, for x < 0
is continuous for all x.

b. Prove that the feet of perpendiculars from the foci of the ellipse
x2 y2
+ =1
a2 b2
upon any tangent to this ellipse lie on the auxiliary circle.

c. The following vectors are given:

a = i + j + k , b = 2i − j + k and c = 3i + 2 j + 2k .
Determing a vector d such that d • a = 0, and d × b = c × b.

d. Find the intervals in which f ( x) = sin x + sin x ,0 < x ≤ 2π , is increasing or

decreasing or neither increasing nor decreasing.
π /2
e. Evaluate the integral ∫ sin(2 x) log(tan x)dx
0

(3+4+4+4+3)
 B3.2-R3: BASIC MATHEMATICS

NOTE:
1. Answer question 1 and any FOUR questions from 2 to 7.
2. Parts of the same question should be answered together and in the same
sequence.
Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 100

1.
a) Using DeMoivre's theorem, find all the values of z = 1 + 3i .
Ans (
z = 1 + 3i = 1 + 3i ) 1
2

1 3   π π
We have, 1 + 3i = 2 + i  = 2 cos + i sin 
2 2   3 3
1
  π  π  2
= 2cos 2kπ +  + i sin  2kπ + 
  3  3 
1

(
Hence, 1 + 3i
2
) 1  
1 π  π  2
= 2 2 cos 2kπ +  + i sin  2kπ + 
3 3 
  
1  1 π 1 π 
= 2 2 cos  2kπ +  + i sin  2kπ +  , where k = 0, 1, 2
 2 3 2 3 

 2 3
b) Write the matrix A=   as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix.
1 4
a b  0 x
Ans Let S =   be s 2x2 symmetric matrix and K =   be a 2x2 skew-
b c  − x 0
symmetric matrix.

A=S+K
 2 3  a b   0 x 
⇒ = + 
1 4   b c   − x 0 
 2 3  a b + x
⇒  =
1 4 b − x c 
⇒ a = 2, b + x = 3, b − x = 1, c = 4
b + x + b − x = 3 +1 = 4
⇒ 2b = 4
⇒b=2
b+x =3
⇒ x = 3−b = 3− 2 =1
 2 2  0 1
∴S =   and K =  
 2 4  − 1 0
A=S+K

B3.2-R3 Page 1 of 9 JANUARY, 2004

  2 3  2 2  0 1
⇒ = +
1 4   2 4   − 1 0
− 1 − 2 0
c)

For the matrix A= − 1 1 1 , determine A3 and hence A-1.

 0 1 0
 − 1 2 0
A = − 1 2 2
 0 1 0
A = A2 . A
3

 − 1 2 0  − 1 2 0 1 − 2 + 0 − 2 + 2 + 0 0 + 2 + 0 − 1 0 2
A = − 1 1 1.− 1
2
1 1 = 1 − 1 + 0 − 2 + 1 + 1 0 + 1 + 0  =  0 0 1
 0 1 0  0 1 0 0 − 1 + 0 0 + 1 + 0 0 + 1 + 0  − 1 1 1
− 1 0 2   − 1 2 0  1 + 0 + 0 − 2 + 0 + 2 0 + 0 + 0 
A = A . A =  0 0
3 2
1.− 1 1 1 = 0 + 0 + 0 0 + 0 + 1 0 + 0 + 0
− 1 1 1  0 1 0  1 − 1 + 0 − 2 + 1 + 1 0 + 1 + 0 
1 0 0
= 0 1 0
0 0 1
 − 1 2 0
A = − 1 1 1
 0 1 0
 − 1 2 0 1 0 0
[A I ] = − 1 1 1 0 1 0
 0 1 0 0 0 1
− 1 2 0 1 0 0
=  0 − 1 1 − 1 1 0 R 2 = R 2 − R1
 0 1 0 0 0 1
− 1 2 0 1 0 0
=  0 − 1 1 − 1 1 0
 0 0 1 − 1 1 1 R3 = R3 + R 2
1 − 2 0 − 1 0 0 − R1
= 0 1 − 1 1 − 1 0 − R3
0 0 1 − 1 1 1

B3.2-R3 Page 2 of 9 JANUARY, 2004

 1 − 2 0 − 1 0 0
= 0 1 0 0 0 1 R 2 = R 2 − R3
0 0 1 − 1 1 1
1 0 0 − 1 0 2 R1 = R1 + 2 R 2
= 0 1 0 0 0 1 
0 0 1 − 1 1 1 
 − 1 0 2
Thus A =  0 0 1 
−1

− 1 1 1 

lim tan − 1 x
d) Find , if it exists.
x− > 0 x
e) Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola x
2 = 4( y + 1) , which is parallel to the
line x + y + 1 = 0 .
Let the curve C be defined by x = a cos θ , y = a sin θ , 0 ≤ θ ≤ π
3 3
f) . Find the
2
coordinates of a point P, on the curve C where the tangent to the curve C is parallel to
the chord joining the points A(a,0) and B (0, a ) .
( x + 1)e x
g) Evaluate the integral I = ∫ dx .
cos 2 ( xe x )
( x + 1)e x
I =∫ dx
cos 2 ( xe x )
Let xe x = u
⇒ ( xe x + e x ) dx = du
⇒ e x ( x + 1) dx = du
du
I =∫ 2
= ∫ sec 2 u du = tan u = tan( xe x ) + c
cos u
Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y = x and y = 8 x .
2
h)
 1 
i) Discuss the convergence of the sequence {a n }, where a n = n sin  .
 2n 
j) If a . i = (i + j) = a . (i + j + k) = 1, then determine the vector a.
(3+3+3+2+3+3+3+3+2+3)

2.
a) If A and B are symmetric matrices, then show that the matrix A B - B A is a skew-
symmetric matrix.
a b   x y
Ans Let, A =   and B =  
b d  y z
a b   x y  ax − by ay − bz 
AB =   = 
b d   y z  bx − dy by − dz 

B3.2-R3 Page 3 of 9 JANUARY, 2004

 x y  a b  ax − by bx − dy 
BA =  =
y z  b d   ay − bz by − dz 
ax − by ay − bz  ax − by bx − dy 
AB − BA =  − 
bx − dy by − dz   ay − bz by − dz 
 0 ay − bz − bx + dy 
= 
bx − dy − ay + bz 0 
 0 ay + dy − bx − bz 
=  , which is a skew-symmetric matrix.
− (ay + dy − bx − bz ) 0 
b) Without expanding, find the value of the determinant.
a −b b−c c −a
D= x − y y − z z − x
p−q q−r r− p
a−b b−c c−a
Ans D = x− y y−z z−x
p−q q−r r− p
a−b+b−c+c−a b−c c−a
= x− y+ y−z+z−x y−z z−x (C1 = C1 + C 2 + C3 )
p−q+q−r+r− p q−r r− p
0 b−c c−a
= 0 y−z z−x =0
0 q−r r− p
Determine a and b such that the function f ( x ) = x + ax + bx has an extremum at
3 3
c)
x = 1 and f (1) = −3 .

d) Find the value of a . b if |a| = 6, |b| = 4 and |a x b| = 12.

e) If z1=2+i, z2=3-4i, z3=-3+2i, then find the principal value of arg(z ) , where
z z 
z = Re  1 2  .
 z3 
Ans z1 = 2 + i, z 2 = 3 − 4i, z 3 = −3 + 2i
z z   (2 + i )(3 − 4i )   6 − 8i + 3i − 4i 2   − 5i + 10 
z = Re  1 2  = Re   = Re   = Re 
 z3  (
 − 3 + 2i  )  3 − 2i   3 − 2i 
 (− 5i + 10i )(3 + 2i )   − 15i − 10i 2 + 30 + 20i   40 + 5i  40
= Re   = Re   = Re  =
 (3 − 2i )(3 + 2i )  3 − (2i )  9 + 4  13
2 2
 
40
Here x = , y = 0.
13

B3.2-R3 Page 4 of 9 JANUARY, 2004

 2
 40  40
Arg ( z ) = x + y =   + 0 2 =
2 2

 13  13
(5+2+3+4+4)

3.
a) Find the rank of the matrix
 1 2 3

A= 2 4 6 .

 
− 1 5 4
Does A-1 exist?
b) Examine whether the vectors i - j+ 2 k, 3 I + j - 3 k, 2i - 5j + k are linearly independent or
linearly dependent.
c) Find the value of p for which the equation
2pxy+4x-6y+9=0, p ≠ 0
represents a pair of straight lines.
d) It is given that the Rolle's theorem hold for the function f(x)=x3+bx2+cx, at
1 ≤ x ≤ 2 at x = 4 . Find the values of b and c.
3
e) Evaluate the integral
1
I = ∫ x(1 − x) n dx
0
(3+3+4+4+4)

4.
2
a) Evaluate the integral I = ∫ | x − 1 | dx.
−2
b) Find the angle of intersection between the curves
C1 : x2 = 4(y + 1); C2 : x2 = -4(y - 1); x>0
If 1, ω ,ω are the cube roots of unity, then find the roots of (z – 2)3 + 27 = 0.
2
c)
d) Discuss the convergence of the series
∞ ∞
n2 +1
∑a
n =1
n =∑
n =1 n2
dy
e) Find , where y = x + x + x + ...
dx
Ans y = x + x + x + ... = x + y
⇒ y = x+ y
⇒ y2 = x + y
d 2 d
⇒ y = (x + y )
dx dx
dy dy
⇒ 2y = 1+
dx dx
dy dy
⇒ 2y − =1
dx dx

B3.2-R3 Page 5 of 9 JANUARY, 2004

 dy
⇒ (2 y − 1) = 1
dx
dy 1
⇒ =
dx (2 y − 1)
(4+4+4+2+4)

5.
 1 + cos 2 x 
∫ cot  
−1
Evaluate I =
a)
 1 − cos 2 x dx .
 

Ans
 1 + cos 2 x 
I = ∫ cot −1 
1 − cos 2 x 
 2 cos 2 x 
 dx = ∫ 
 2 sin 2 x 
( )
 dx = cot −1 cot 2 x dx
∫
   
x2
= ∫ cot −1 (cot x ) dx = ∫ x dx = +c
2
b) Find the value of k so that the function
sin(kx) /(5 x), x ≠ 0
f ( x) =
3/5 , x=0
is continuous at x = 0.
Ans The function f ( x ) is given as:
sin(kx) /(5 x), x ≠ 0
f ( x) =
3/5 , x=0
At x = 0
3
f (0) =
5
sin kx  sin kx kx  k sin kx
lim f ( x ) = lim = lim .  = lim
x →0 5 x
x →0 x →0
 kx 5 x  5 x→0 kx
Put θ = kx
θ → 0 as x → 0
k sin kx k sin θ k k
∴ lim = lim = .1 =
5 x→0 kx 5 θ →0 θ 5 5
As the function is continuous at x = 0
f (0) = lim f ( x )
x →0

3 k
⇒ =
5 5
15
⇒k = =3
5
c) Find the conditions on a for which the system of equations
ax + 2 y + 3z = 4
4 x + 5 y + 6az = 3
7 x + 8 y + 9az = 6

B3.2-R3 Page 6 of 9 JANUARY, 2004

 has a unique solution.
d) Find the area of region bounded by y = x( x − 2)( x − 3), x = 0, x = 3 and the x -
axis.
e) Find the coordinates of the vertex, the coordinates of the focus and the equation of the
directrix for the parabola.
4 x − y 2 + 2 y − 13 = 0
(2+2+4+5+5)
6.
1
x2 + x −1
a) Evaluate the integral I = ∫0 ( x + 1)( x + 2) dx
1 1 1
x2 + x −1 x2 + x −1 x2 + x −1
Ans I =∫ dx = ∫ 2 dx = ∫ 2 dx
0
( x + 1)( x + 2) 0 x + x + 2x + 2 0 x + 3x + 2

=∫
1
(x 2
)
+ 3x + 2 − 2 x − 3
1
(
x 2 + 3 x + 2 − (2 x + 3))
0 (x 2 + 3x + 2 ) dx = ∫0 (
x 2 + 3x + 2
dx
)
1 1 1 1
x 2 + 3x + 2 2x + 3 2x + 3
=∫ dx − ∫ 2 dx == ∫ dx − ∫ 2 dx = I Say
0 x 2
+ 3 x + 2 0 x + 3 x + 2 0 0 x + 3 x + 2
2x + 3
∴∫ 2 dx
x + 3x + 2
Let x 2 + 3 x + 2 = z
⇒ (2 x + 3) dx = dz
2x + 3 dz
∫ x 2 + 3x + 2 dx = ∫ z = log z = log x + 3x + 2
2
( )
)]
1 1
2x + 3
I = ∫ dx − ∫ 2 dx = x ]0 − log x 2 + 3 x + 2 0
1 1
(
0 0 x + 3x + 2

{ ( ) ( )}
= ( x − 1) − log 12 + 3.1 + 2 − log 0 2 + 3.0 + 2 = x − (log 6 − log 2 ) = x − log
6
2
= x − log 3
b) Solve the system of equations
x− y =2
2 x + 3 y = −1
using Cramer’s rule.
Ans The system equation is given as:
x− y =2
2 x + 3 y = −1
1 −1
D= = 3 − (− 2) = 3 + 2 = 5
2 3
2 −1
D1 = = 6 −1 = 5
−1 3
1 2
D2 = = −1 − 4 = −5
2 −1

B3.2-R3 Page 7 of 9 JANUARY, 2004

 D1 5
∴ x1 = = =1
D 5
D −5
x2 = 2 = = −1
D 5
c) Find the absolute maximum value of
π
f ( x) = (sin x)(a + cos x), 0≤ x≤
2
d) Find the eccentricity of the ellipse
4 x 2 + 9 y 2 − 32 x + 54 y + 109 = 0
e) Given a = I + 3j – k, b = 2j – 3k, find the value of (a – b) . (a + b).
(4+3+5+4+2)
7.
a) Find the value of x so that
1 0 2  1 
[1 1 x ] 0 2 1 2 = 0
2 1 0 1
1 0 2  1 
Ans [1 1 x] 0 2 1 2 = 0
2 1 0 1
1 
⇒ [1 + 0 + 2 x 0 + 2 + x 2 + 1 + 0] 2 = 0
1
1 
⇒ [2 x + 1 x + 2 3] 2 = 0
1
⇒ [2 x + 1 + 2 x + 4 + 3] = 0
⇒ 2x + 1 + 2x + 4 + 3 = 0
⇒ 4x + 8 = 0
⇒ 4 x = −8
−8
⇒x= = −2
4
b) Evaluate the integral
π /2
1 + sin 2 x
I= ∫ 1 − cos 2 x dx
π /4
π /2
1 + sin 2 x
Ans I= ∫ 1 − cos 2 x dx
π /4

1 + sin 2 x sin 2 x + cos 2 x + 2 sin x cos x

Let I 1 = ∫ dx = ∫ dx
1 − cos 2 x 2 sin 2 x

B3.2-R3 Page 8 of 9 JANUARY, 2004

 1 sin 2 x 1 cos 2 x 1 2 sin x cos x
= ∫ 2
2 sin x
dx + ∫
2 sin x2
dx + ∫
2 sin 2 x
dx
1 1 1 1
= ∫ dx + ∫ cot 2 x dx + ∫ cot x dx = x − cos ecx + log(sin x )
2 2 2 2
π /2 π 2
1 + sin 2 x x cos ecx 
I= ∫ dx = − + log(sin x )
π /4
1 − cos 2 x 2 2 π 4

π 2 cos ec(π 2)  π  π 4 cos ec(π 4)  π 

= − + log sin  −  − + log sin 
 2 2  2   2 2  4 
π 1  π 2 1  π π 1 2 1
=  − + log 1 −  − + log = − − +
 + log 1 − log
4 2  8 2 2 4 8 2 2 2
π 2 −1 1
= − − log
8 2 2
c) Obtain the second-degree Taylor’s polynomial approximation to f ( x) = x about
x = 1.
Find the angle between the tangents to the circle x + y + 6 y + 7 = 0 at the points of
2 2
d)
intersection with the line x = 1
e) Discuss the convergence of the series ∑a n where a n = n4 +1 − n4 −1 .
(3+4+4+4+3)

B3.2-R3 Page 9 of 9 JANUARY, 2004