1

Cloud compuLlng
AZAB INSTIT0TE 0F ENuINEERINu ANB
TECBN0L0uY
DLAk1MLN1 CI CCMU1Lk SCILNCL AND LNGINLLkING



LCS6S4 SLMINAk
keport on
"CLCUD CCMU1ING"



SU8MI11LD 1C SU8MI11LD 8
Mr Uday S|ngh Ahraz Akhtar
CSL DL1 81ech 3rd ear
AIL1 ko|| No080S31000S


Cloud compuLlng
8CNAIILD CLk1IIICA1L


CerLlfled LhaL Lhls semlnar reporL LlLled C|oud Comput|ng" ls Lhe
bonaflde work done by Ahraz Akhtar who carrled ouL Lhe work
under my supervlslon







Mr. Uday Singh Mrs. Madhulika Sharma

SEMINAR GUIDE Head oI Department
Lecturer, Dept. oI Computer Science
Dept. oI Computer Science AIET
AIET Lucknow
Lucknow










Cloud compuLlng
Acknow|edgement


l am Lhankful Lo my semlnar gulde Mr Uday S|ngh for hls proper
guldance and valuable suggesLlons l am also greaLly Lhankful Lo
Mrs Madhu||ka Sharma Lhe head of the D|v|s|on of Computer Sc|ence
and Lng|neer|ng and oLher faculLy members for glvlng me an
opporLunlLy Lo learn and do Lhls semlnar lf noL for Lhe above
menLloned people my Semlnar would never have been compleLed ln
such a successfully manner l once agaln exLend my slncere Lhanks Lo all
of Lhem

Ahraz AkhLar









Cloud compuLlng
A8S1kAC1

CompuLers have become an lndlspensable parL of llfe We need
compuLers everywhere be lL for work research or ln any such fleld As
Lhe use of compuLers ln our dayLoday llfe lncreases Lhe compuLlng
resources LhaL we need also go up lor companles llke Coogle and
MlcrosofL harnesslng Lhe resources as and when Lhey need lL ls noL a
problem 8uL when lL comes Lo smaller enLerprlses affordablllLy
becomes a huge facLor WlLh Lhe huge lnfrasLrucLure come problems
llke machlnes fallure hard drlve crashes sofLware bugs eLc 1hls mlghL
be a blg headache for such a communlLy

CompuLlng offers a soluLlon Lo Lhls slLuaLlon Cloud compuLlng ls a
paradlgm shlfL ln whlch compuLlng ls moved away from personal
compuLers and even Lhe lndlvldual enLerprlse appllcaLlon server Lo a
'cloud' of compuLers A cloud ls a vlrLuallzed server pool whlch can
provlde Lhe dlfferenL compuLlng resources of Lhelr cllenLs users of Lhls
sysLem need only be concerned wlLh Lhe compuLlng servlce belng asked
for 1he underlylng deLalls of how lL ls achleved are hldden from Lhe
user 1he daLa and Lhe servlces provlded reslde ln masslvely scalable
daLa cenLers and can be ublqulLously accessed from any connecLed
devlce all over Lhe world


Cloud compuLlng ls Lhe sLyle of compuLlng where masslvely scaled l1
relaLed capablllLles are provlded as a servlce across Lhe lnLerneL Lo
mulLlple exLernal cusLomers and are bllled by consumpLlon Many cloud
compuLlng provlders have popped up and Lhere ls a conslderable
growLh ln Lhe usage of Lhls servlce Coogle MlcrosofL ?ahoo l8M and
Amazon have sLarLed provldlng cloud compuLlng servlces



Cloud compuLlng
1 IN1kCDUC1ICN

C|oud comput|ng descrlbes compuLaLlon sofLware daLa access and
sLorage servlces LhaL do noL requlre enduser knowledge of Lhe physlcal
locaLlon and conflguraLlon of Lhe sysLem LhaL dellvers Lhe servlces
arallels Lo Lhls concepL can be drawn wlLh Lhe elecLrlclLy grld where
endusers consume power resources wlLhouL any necessary
undersLandlng of Lhe componenL devlces ln Lhe grld requlred Lo provlde
sald servlce
Cloud compuLlng descrlbes a new supplemenL consumpLlon and
dellvery model for l1 servlces based on lnLerneL proLocols and lL
Lyplcally lnvolves provlslonlng of dynamlcally scalable and ofLen
vlrLuallzed resource lL ls a byproducL and consequence of Lhe easeof
access Lo remoLe compuLlng slLes provlded by Lhe lnLerneL 1hls
frequenLly Lakes Lhe form of webbased Lools or appllcaLlons LhaL users
can access and use Lhrough a web browser as lf lL were a program
lnsLalled locally on Lhelr own compuLer
1he Lerm cloud ls used as a meLaphor for Lhe lnLerneL based on Lhe
cloud drawlng used ln Lhe pasL Lo represenL Lhe Lelephone neLwork
and laLer Lo deplcL Lhe lnLerneL ln compuLer neLwork dlagrams as an
absLracLlon of Lhe underlylng lnfrasLrucLure lL represenLs
MosL cloud compuLlng lnfrasLrucLures conslsL of servlces dellvered
Lhrough common cenLers and bullL on servers Clouds ofLen appear as
slngle polnLs of access for consumers compuLlng needs Commerclal
offerlngs are generally expecLed Lo meeL quallLy of servlce (CoS)
requlremenLs of cusLomers and Lyplcally lnclude servlce level
agreemenLs (SLAs)



Cloud compuLlng
CnAkAC1LkS1ICS

1he key characLerlsLlc of cloud compuLlng ls LhaL Lhe compuLlng ls ln
Lhe cloud le Lhe processlng (and Lhe relaLed daLa) ls noL ln a speclfled
known or sLaLlc place(s) 1hls ls ln conLrasL Lo a model ln whlch Lhe
processlng Lakes place ln one or more speclflc servers LhaL are known
All Lhe oLher concepLs menLloned are supplemenLary or
complemenLary Lo Lhls concepL



Cloud CompuLlng ConcepLual ulagram



Cloud compuLlng
3 AkCnI1LC1UkL

C|oud arch|tecture Lhe sysLems archlLecLure of Lhe sofLware sysLems
lnvolved ln Lhe dellvery of cloud compuLlng Lyplcally lnvolves mulLlple
clooJ compooeots communlcaLlng wlLh each oLher over appllcaLlon
programmlng lnLerfaces usually web servlces and Ller archlLecLure
ComplexlLy ls conLrolled and Lhe resulLlng sysLems are more
manageable Lhan Lhelr monollLhlc counLerparLs
1he Lwo mosL slgnlflcanL componenLs of cloud compuLlng archlLecLure
are known as Lhe fronL end and Lhe back end 1he fronL end ls Lhe parL
seen by Lhe cllenL le Lhe compuLer user 1hls lncludes Lhe cllenL's
neLwork (or compuLer) and Lhe appllcaLlons used Lo access Lhe cloud
vla a user lnLerface such as a web browser 1he back end of Lhe cloud
compuLlng archlLecLure ls Lhe 'cloud' lLself comprlslng varlous
compuLers servers and daLa sLorage devlces

Cloud CompuLlng Sample ArchlLecLure


Cloud compuLlng
4 kL CnAkAC1LkS1ICS

O Ag|||ty lmproves wlLh users ablllLy Lo rapldly and lnexpenslvely
reprovlslon Lechnologlcal lnfrasLrucLure resources
O Cost ls clalmed Lo be greaLly reduced and ln a publlc cloud
dellvery model caplLal expendlLure ls converLed Lo operaLlonal
expendlLure
O Dev|ce and |ocat|on |ndependence

enable users Lo access
sysLems uslng a web browser regardless of Lhelr locaLlon or whaL
devlce Lhey are uslng (eg C moblle) As lnfrasLrucLure ls offslLe
(Lyplcally provlded by a LhlrdparLy) and accessed vla Lhe lnLerneL
users can connecL from anywhere
O Mu|t|tenancy enables sharlng of resources and cosLs across a
large pool of users Lhus allowlng for
Centra||zat|on of lnfrasLrucLure ln locaLlons wlLh lower cosLs
(such as real esLaLe elecLrlclLy eLc)
eak|oad capac|ty lncreases (users need noL englneer for
hlghesL posslble loadlevels)
Ut|||zat|on and eff|c|ency lmprovemenLs for sysLems LhaL are
ofLen only 100 uLlllzed
O ke||ab|||ty ls lmproved lf mulLlple redundanL slLes are used
whlch makes well deslgned cloud compuLlng sulLable for buslness
conLlnulLy and dlsasLer recovery noneLheless many ma[or cloud
compuLlng servlces have suffered ouLages and l1 and buslness
managers can aL Llmes do llLLle when Lhey are affecLed


Cloud compuLlng
O Sca|ab|||ty vla dynamlc (ondemand) provlslonlng of
resources on a flnegralned selfservlce basls near realLlme
wlLhouL users havlng Lo englneer for peak loads erformance ls
monlLored and conslsLenL and loosely coupled archlLecLures are
consLrucLed uslng web servlces as Lhe sysLem lnLerface
O Secur|ty could lmprove due Lo cenLrallzaLlon of daLa lncreased
securlLyfocused resources eLc buL concerns can perslsL abouL
loss of conLrol over cerLaln senslLlve daLa and Lhe lack of securlLy
for sLored kernels SecurlLy ls ofLen as good as or beLLer Lhan
under LradlLlonal sysLems ln parL because provlders are able Lo
devoLe resources Lo solvlng securlLy lssues LhaL many cusLomers
cannoL afford
O Ma|ntenance of cloud compuLlng appllcaLlons ls easler slnce
Lhey donL have Lo be lnsLalled on each users compuLer 1hey are
easler Lo supporL and Lo lmprove slnce Lhe changes reach Lhe
cllenLs lnsLanLly
O Meter|ng means LhaL cloud compuLlng resources usage should
be measurable and should be meLered per cllenL and appllcaLlon
on a dally weekly monLhly and yearly basls








10

Cloud compuLlng
S LALkS
1he lnLerneL funcLlons Lhrough a serles of neLwork proLocols LhaL form
a sLack of layers as shown ln Lhe flgure (or as descrlbed ln more deLall
ln Lhe CSl model) Cnce an lnLerneL roLocol connecLlon ls esLabllshed
among several compuLers lL ls posslble Lo share servlces wlLhln any one
of Lhe followlng layers
1 CLILN1 A cloud cllenL conslsLs of compuLer hardware and/or
compuLer sofLware LhaL relles on cloud compuLlng for appllcaLlon
dellvery or LhaL ls speclflcally deslgned for dellvery of cloud servlces
and LhaL ln elLher case ls essenLlally useless wlLhouL lL Lxamples
lnclude some compuLers phones and oLher devlces operaLlng sysLems
and browsers
. ALICA1ICN- Cloud appllcaLlon servlces or oftwote os o
etvlce (oo% dellver sofLware as a servlce over Lhe lnLerneL
ellmlnaLlng Lhe need Lo lnsLall and run Lhe appllcaLlon on Lhe
cusLomers own compuLers and slmpllfylng malnLenance and supporL
key characLerlsLlcs lnclude
O neLworkbased access Lo and managemenL of commerclally
avallable (le noL cusLom) sofLware
O AcLlvlLles LhaL are managed from cenLral locaLlons raLher Lhan aL
each cusLomers slLe enabllng cusLomers Lo access appllcaLlons
remoLely vla Lhe Web
O AppllcaLlon dellvery LhaL Lyplcally ls closer Lo a oneLomany
model (slngle lnsLance mulLlLenanL archlLecLure) Lhan Lo a one
Loone model lncludlng archlLecLure prlclng parLnerlng and
managemenL characLerlsLlcs
O CenLrallzed feaLure updaLlng whlch obvlaLes Lhe need for
downloadable paLches and upgrades
11

Cloud compuLlng
3 LA1ICkM Cloud plaLform servlces or 9lotfotm os o etvlce
(9oo% dellver a compuLlng plaLform and/or soluLlon sLack as a servlce
ofLen consumlng clooJ loftosttoctote and susLalnlng clooJ oppllcotloos
lL faclllLaLes deploymenL of appllcaLlons wlLhouL Lhe cosL and
complexlLy of buylng and managlng Lhe underlylng hardware and
sofLware layers

4 INIkAS1kU1UkL Cloud lnfrasLrucLure servlces also known as
oftosttoctote os o etvlce (oo% dellvers compuLer lnfrasLrucLure
Lyplcally a plaLform vlrLuallzaLlon envlronmenL as a servlce CllenLs
lnsLead buy Lhose resources as a fully ouLsourced servlce Suppllers
Lyplcally blll such servlces on a uLlllLy compuLlng basls and amounL of
resources consumed (and Lherefore Lhe cosL) wlll Lyplcally reflecL Lhe
level of acLlvlLy
. SERVER- 1he setvets layer conslsLs of compuLer hardware
and/or compuLer sofLware producLs LhaL are speclflcally deslgned for
Lhe dellvery of cloud servlces lncludlng mulLlcore processors cloud
speclflc operaLlng sysLems and comblned offerlngs
1

Cloud compuLlng
6 DLLCMLN1 MCDLLS
ub||c C|ouds 9obllc clooJ or extetool clooJ descrlbes cloud
compuLlng ln Lhe LradlLlonal maln sLream sense whereby resources are
dynamlcally provlsloned on a flnegralned selfservlce basls over Lhe
lnLerneL vla web appllcaLlons/web servlces from an offslLe LhlrdparLy
provlder who bllls on a flnegralned uLlllLy compuLlng basls
Commun|ty C|ouds A commoolty clooJ may be esLabllshed where
several organlzaLlons have slmllar requlremenLs and seek Lo share
lnfrasLrucLure so as Lo reallze some of Lhe beneflLs of cloud compuLlng
WlLh Lhe cosLs spread over fewer users Lhan a pobllc clooJ (buL more
Lhan a slngle LenanL) Lhls opLlon ls more expenslve buL may offer a
hlgher level of prlvacy securlLy and/or pollcy compllance Lxamples of
commoolty clooJ lnclude Coogles Cov Cloud
nybr|d C|ouds- 1here ls some confuslon over Lhe Lerm hybrld
when applled Lo Lhe cloud a sLandard deflnlLlon of Lhe Lerm Pybrld
Cloud has noL yeL emerged 1he Lerm hybrld cloud has been used Lo
mean elLher Lwo separaLe clouds [olned LogeLher (publlc prlvaLe
lnLernal or exLernal) or a comblnaLlon of vlrLuallzed cloud server
lnsLances used LogeLher wlLh real physlcal hardware 1he mosL correcL
deflnlLlon of Lhe Lerm hybrld cloud ls probably Lhe use of physlcal
hardware and vlrLuallzed cloud server lnsLances LogeLher Lo provlde a
slngle common servlce 1wo clouds LhaL have been [olned LogeLher are
more correcLly called a comblned cloud
A combloeJ clooJ envlronmenL conslsLlng of mulLlple lnLernal and/or
exLernal provlders

wlll be Lyplcal for mosL enLerprlses

8y lnLegraLlng
mulLlple cloud servlces users may be able Lo ease Lhe LranslLlon Lo
pobllc clooJ servlces whlle avoldlng lssues such as Cl compllance

1

Cloud compuLlng
AnoLher perspecLlve on deploylng a web appllcaLlon ln Lhe cloud ls
uslng Pybrld Web PosLlng where Lhe hosLlng lnfrasLrucLure ls a mlx
beLween cloud hosLlng and managed dedlcaLed servers Lhls ls mosL
commonly achleved as parL of a web clusLer ln whlch some of Lhe
nodes are runnlng on real physlcal hardware and some are runnlng on
cloud server lnsLances
A hybrld sLorage cloud uses a comblnaLlon of publlc and prlvaLe sLorage
clouds Pybrld sLorage clouds are ofLen useful for archlvlng and backup
funcLlons allowlng local daLa Lo be repllcaLed Lo a publlc cloud
r|vate C|oud 9tlvote clooJ and lotetool clooJ have been descrlbed
as neologlsms however Lhe concepLs Lhemselves predaLe Lhe Lerm
clooJ by 0 years Lven wlLhln modern uLlllLy lndusLrles hybrld models
sLlll exlsL desplLe Lhe formaLlon of reasonably wellfuncLlonlng markeLs
and Lhe ablllLy Lo comblne mulLlple provlders
Some vendors have used Lhe Lerms Lo descrlbe offerlngs LhaL emulaLe
cloud compuLlng on prlvaLe neLworks 1hese (Lyplcally vlrLuallzaLlon
auLomaLlon) producLs offer Lhe ablllLy Lo hosL appllcaLlons or vlrLual
machlnes ln a companys own seL of hosLs 1hese provlde Lhe beneflLs
of uLlllLy compuLlng shared hardware cosLs Lhe ablllLy Lo recover from
fallure and Lhe ablllLy Lo scale up or down dependlng upon demand
rlvaLe clouds have aLLracLed crlLlclsm because users sLlll have Lo buy
bulld and manage Lhem and Lhus do noL beneflL from lower upfronL
caplLal cosLs and less handson managemenL essenLlally lacklng Lhe
economlc model LhaL makes cloud compuLlng such an lnLrlgulng
concepLLnLerprlse l1 organlzaLlons use Lhelr own prlvaLe cloud(s) for
mlsslon crlLlcal and oLher operaLlonal sysLems Lo proLecL crlLlcal
lnfrasLrucLures

1

Cloud compuLlng
CLCUD LNGINLLkING
Cloud englneerlng ls Lhe appllcaLlon of a sysLemaLlc dlsclpllned
quanLlflable and lnLerdlsclpllnary approach Lo Lhe ldeaLlon
concepLuallzaLlon developmenL operaLlon and malnLenance of cloud
compuLlng as well as Lhe sLudy and applled research of Lhe approach
le Lhe appllcaLlon of englneerlng Lo cloud lL ls a maLurlng and
evolvlng dlsclpllne Lo faclllLaLe Lhe adopLlon sLraLeglzaLlon
operaLlonallzaLlon lndusLrlallzaLlon sLandardlzaLlon producLlzaLlon
commodlLlzaLlon and governance of cloud soluLlons leadlng Lowards a
cloud ecosysLem

Cloud englneerlng ls also known as cloud servlce
englneerlng

8 CLCUD S1CkAGL
Cloud sLorage ls a model of neLworked compuLer daLa sLorage where
daLa ls sLored on mulLlple vlrLual servers generally hosLed by Lhlrd
parLles raLher Lhan belng hosLed on dedlcaLed servers PosLlng
companles operaLe large daLa cenLers and people who requlre Lhelr
daLa Lo be hosLed buy or lease sLorage capaclLy from Lhem and use lL
for Lhelr sLorage needs 1he daLa cenLer operaLors ln Lhe background
vlrLuallze Lhe resources accordlng Lo Lhe requlremenLs of Lhe cusLomer
and expose Lhem as vlrLual servers whlch Lhe cusLomers can
Lhemselves manage hyslcally Lhe resource may span across mulLlple
servers


1

Cloud compuLlng
1nL IN1LkCLCUD
1he lnLercloud ls an lnLerconnecLed global cloud of clouds and an
exLenslon of Lhe lnLerneL neLwork of neLworks on whlch lL ls based
1he Lerm was flrsL used ln Lhe conLexL of cloud compuLlng ln 00 when
kevln kelly sLaLed LhaL evenLually well have Lhe lnLercloud Lhe cloud
of clouds 1hls lnLercloud wlll have Lhe dlmenslons of one machlne
comprlslng all servers and aLLendanL cloudbooks on Lhe planeL lL
became popular ln 00 and has also been used Lo descrlbe Lhe
daLacenLer of Lhe fuLure
1he lnLercloud scenarlo ls based on Lhe key concepL LhaL each slngle
cloud does noL have lnflnlLe physlcal resources lf a cloud saLuraLes Lhe
compuLaLlonal and sLorage resources of lLs vlrLuallzaLlon lnfrasLrucLure
lL could noL be able Lo saLlsfy furLher requesLs for servlce allocaLlons
senL from lLs cllenLs 1he lnLercloud scenarlo alms Lo address such
slLuaLlon and ln Lheory each cloud can use Lhe compuLaLlonal and
sLorage resources of Lhe vlrLuallzaLlon lnfrasLrucLures of oLher clouds
Such form of payforuse may lnLroduce new buslness opporLunlLles
among cloud provlders lf Lhey manage Lo go beyond LheoreLlcal
framework neverLheless Lhe lnLercloud ralses many more challenges
Lhan soluLlons concernlng cloud federaLlon securlLy lnLeroperablllLy
quallLy of servlce vendors locklns LrusL legal lssues monlLorlng and
bllllng
1he concepL of a compeLlLlve uLlllLy compuLlng markeL whlch comblned
many compuLer uLlllLles LogeLher was orlglnally descrlbed by uouglas
arkhlll ln hls 1 book Lhe Challenge of Lhe CompuLer uLlllLy 1hls
concepL has been subsequenLly used many Llmes over Lhe lasL 0 years
and ls ldenLlcal Lo Lhe lnLercloud


1

Cloud compuLlng
10 ISSULS
Privacy
1he cloud model has been crlLlclzed by prlvacy advocaLes for Lhe
greaLer ease ln whlch Lhe companles hosLlng Lhe cloud servlces conLrol
and Lhus can monlLor aL wlll lawfully or unlawfully Lhe communlcaLlon
and daLa sLored beLween Lhe user and Lhe hosL company lnsLances
such as Lhe secreL nSA program worklng wlLh A11 and verlzon
whlch recorded over 10 mllllon phone calls beLween Amerlcan clLlzens
causes uncerLalnLy among prlvacy advocaLes and Lhe greaLer powers lL
glves Lo LelecommunlcaLlon companles Lo monlLor user acLlvlLy
Compliance
ln order Lo obLaln compllance wlLh regulaLlons lncludlng llSMA PlAA
and SCx ln Lhe unlLed SLaLes Lhe uaLa roLecLlon ulrecLlve ln Lhe Lu
and Lhe credlL card lndusLrys Cl uSS users may have Lo adopL
commoolty or bybtlJ deploymenL modes whlch are Lyplcally more
expenslve and may offer resLrlcLed beneflLs 1hls ls how Coogle ls able
Lo manage and meeL addlLlonal governmenL pollcy requlremenLs
beyond llSMA and 8ackspace Cloud are able Lo clalm Cl compllance
CusLomers ln Lhe Lu conLracLlng wlLh cloud provlders esLabllshed
ouLslde Lhe Lu/LLA have Lo adhere Lo Lhe Lu regulaLlons on exporL of
personal daLa
egal
ln March 00 uell applled Lo Lrademark Lhe Lerm cloud compuLlng
(uS 1rademark 10) ln Lhe unlLed SLaLes 1he noLlce of
Allowance Lhe company recelved ln !uly 00 was canceled ln AugusL
resulLlng ln a formal re[ecLlon of Lhe Lrademark appllcaLlon less Lhan a
week laLer Slnce 00 Lhe number of Lrademark flllngs coverlng cloud
1

Cloud compuLlng
compuLlng brands goods and servlces has lncreased aL an almosL
exponenLlal raLe As companles soughL Lo beLLer poslLlon Lhemselves
for cloud compuLlng brandlng and markeLlng efforLs cloud compuLlng
Lrademark flllngs lncreased by beLween 00 and 00 ln 00
11 cloud compuLlng Lrademarks were flled and Lrademark analysLs
predlcL LhaL over 00 such marks could be flled durlng 010
pen source
Cpen source sofLware has provlded Lhe foundaLlon for many cloud
compuLlng lmplemenLaLlons ln november 00 Lhe lree SofLware
loundaLlon released Lhe Affero Ceneral ubllc Llcense a verslon of
CLv lnLended Lo close a percelved legal loophole assoclaLed wlLh free
sofLware deslgned Lo be run over a neLwork
pen standards
MosL cloud provlders expose Als whlch are Lyplcally welldocumenLed
(ofLen under a CreaLlve Commons llcense) buL also unlque Lo Lhelr
lmplemenLaLlon and Lhus noL lnLeroperable Some vendors have
adopLed oLhers Als and Lhere are a number of open sLandards under
developmenL lncludlng Lhe CCls Cpen Cloud CompuLlng lnLerface
1he Cpen Cloud ConsorLlum (CCC) ls worklng Lo develop consensus on
early cloud compuLlng sLandards and pracLlces
Security
1he relaLlve securlLy of cloud compuLlng servlces ls a conLenLlous lssue
whlch may be delaylng lLs adopLlon lssues barrlng Lhe adopLlon of
cloud compuLlng are due ln large parL Lo Lhe prlvaLe and publlc secLors
unease surroundlng Lhe exLernal managemenL of securlLy based
servlces lL ls Lhe very naLure of cloud compuLlng based servlces prlvaLe
or publlc LhaL promoLe exLernal managemenL of provlded servlces
1

Cloud compuLlng
1hls dellvers greaL lncenLlve amongsL cloud compuLlng servlce
provlders ln produclng a prlorlLy ln bulldlng and malnLalnlng sLrong
managemenL of secure servlces
CrganlzaLlons have been formed ln order Lo provlde sLandards for a
beLLer fuLure ln cloud compuLlng servlces Cne organlzaLlon ln
parLlcular Lhe Cloud SecurlLy Alllance ls a nonproflL organlzaLlon
formed Lo promoLe Lhe use of besL pracLlces for provldlng securlLy
assurance wlLhln cloud compuLlng.
vailability and performance
ln addlLlon Lo concerns abouL securlLy buslnesses are also worrled
abouL accepLable levels of avallablllLy and performance of appllcaLlons
hosLed ln Lhe cloud
1here are also concerns abouL a cloud provlder shuLLlng down for
flnanclal or legal reasons whlch has happened ln a number of cases
Sustainability and siting
AlLhough cloud compuLlng ls ofLen assumed Lo be a form of green
compuLlng Lhere ls as of yeL no publlshed sLudy Lo subsLanLlaLe Lhls
assumpLlon SlLlng Lhe servers affecLs Lhe envlronmenLal effecLs of
cloud compuLlng ln areas where cllmaLe favors naLural coollng and
renewable elecLrlclLy ls readlly avallable Lhe envlronmenLal effecLs wlll
be more moderaLe 1hus counLrles wlLh favorable condlLlons such as
llnland Sweden and SwlLzerland are Lrylng Lo aLLracL cloud compuLlng
daLa cenLers
SmarL8ay marlne research lnfrasLrucLure of sensors and compuLaLlonal
Lechnology ls belng developed uslng cloud compuLlng an emerglng
approach Lo shared lnfrasLrucLure ln whlch large pools of sysLems are
llnked LogeLher Lo provlde l1 servlces
1

Cloud compuLlng
11 CCNCLUSICN

Cloud compuLlng ls a powerful new absLracLlon for large scale daLa
processlng sysLems whlch ls scalable rellable and avallable ln cloud
compuLlng Lhere are large selfmanaged server pools avallable whlch
reduces Lhe overhead and ellmlnaLes managemenL headache

Cloud compuLlng servlces can also grow and shrlnk accordlng Lo need
Cloud compuLlng ls parLlcularly valuable Lo small and medlum
buslnesses where effecLlve and affordable l1 Lools are crlLlcal Lo
helplng Lhem become more producLlve wlLhouL spendlng loLs of money
on lnhouse resources and Lechnlcal equlpmenL Also lL ls a new
emerglng archlLecLure needed Lo expand Lhe lnLerneL Lo
become Lhe compuLlng plaLform of Lhe fuLure










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Cloud compuLlng
11 kLILkLNCLS

1 wwww|k|ped|aorg
wwws||desharenet
3 wwwtechnobuffa|ocom