MOBILE PHONE Radiation HAZZARDS : MOBILE PHONE Radiation HAZZARDS Slide 2: What is Electromagnetic radiation Electromagnetic (EM) radiation

is a pure energy. EM radiation results from the motion of charge objects. EM radiation travels at a speed of light thought a vacuum. EM radiation is completely describe by its frequency, intensity and direction of travel. Since 1980, Radiation has increased by 600% from computers, mobile phones, microwave ovens and other electrical appliances. Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range, and some researchers believe this may be harmful to human health. . Slide 4: Electromagnetic radiation Electromagnetic radiation is present in all electrical appliances, but the strongest radiation comes from: mobile phones wireless phones monitors photocopiers microwave ovens hairdryers Slide 5: WHAT IS IONIZING RADIATION ? Ionizing Radiation (IR) - Any particles or rays given off (radiate) from a source that produces ionization Ionization - When atoms or molecules become charged - unbalanced electron proton ratio. Radiation - Refers to the way particles & rays radiate from their source at speeds up to that of light. Slide 6: IONIZING RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS Common Types of IR Alpha Beta Gamma X-rays Types of Non-IR Radio waves & Microwaves Infrared Light Visible Light Ultrasound UV Light WHAT IS CELL PHONE : WHAT IS CELL PHONE A mobile phone or mobile (also called cellphone and handphone,[1] as well as cell phone, wireless phone, cellular phone, cellular device, cell, cellular telephone, mobile telephone or cell telephone) is a long-range, electronic device used for mobile telecommunications (mobile telephony, text messaging or data transmission) over a cellular network of specialized base stations known as cell sites. Slide 9: Side Effects of Mobile Radiation The harmful effects of the cell phone radiations were first exposed in the year 1993. "Cell phones increase the temperature of the brain as measured using thermography Mobile phones companies said that the radiation you get from a cell phone is so low it wouldnt have any real short or long-term effect on you. Many mobile phone users complain of unexplained headaches, earaches, chronic fatigue, hot ear, blurred vision, dizziness, lack of concentration and memory loss. newer phones did not necessarily emit less radiation than older models. Then there is the non-thermal effect, which affects people who are at a distance from the tower. The ill-effects of a non-thermal effect are cell membrane permeability. HEALTH ISSUES OF CELL PHONES RADIATION : HEALTH ISSUES OF CELL PHONES RADIATION Slide 11: BIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES DNA is the primary target Radiation can produce free radicals elsewhere in the body that then reacts with DNA DNA damage is cumulative Cells are most sensitive to radiation damage if Have a high mitotic (cell division) rate A slow (long) mitotic cycle Undifferentiated stem cells Exposure to the eyes causes cataract formation. Slide 12: CELL PHONE RADIATION MAY CAUSE VISUAL DAMAGE In a recent scientific study conducted by a team of researchers from the Technion, a possible link between microwave radiation, similar to the type found in cellular phones, and different kinds of damage to the visual system was found. At least one kind of damage seems to accumulate over time and not heal, challenging the common view and leading the researchers to the assertion that the duration of exposure is not less important than the intensity of the irradiation. Cell Phones Can Cause Brain Tumors : Cell Phones Can Cause Brain Tumors There is a risk of brain tumors from cell phone use. Telecom funded studies underestimate the risk of brain tumors and; Children have larger risks than adults for brain tumors.

Slide 14: The operating power of mobile phones differ from brand to brand and model to model. Indeed the transmission power of a typical mobile phone varies depending on the amount of signal it is receiving. (Adaptive power control) The transmission power is measured in Watts. Slide 15: Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) Specific absorption ratio (SAR) is defined as the amount of RF (radiofrequency) energy absorbed per unit mass. It is measured in Watts/Kg and it is a more useful quantity in that it measures the amount of energy absorbed by the body in the course of mobile phone use This is regarded as one of the safety valves for mobile phones. In America the SAR of any mobile phone can not exceed 1.6W/Kg over a gram of tissue. The Europeans use the value of 2W/Kg over 10g of tissues. Slide 16: Cell phone towers are bad for you Slide 17: Do you know that the cell phone towers coming up in your area could cause a health hazard? The radiation emitted from these towers could cause health hazards. Huge, bulky telecommunication towers on top of tall buildings is not an uncommon site in the major cities these days. But there is a possibility that these towers may not be safe for humans living near it in ways more than one. radiations emitting from mobile phones cause headaches and interrupt vital sleep patterns. EM field intensities drop rapidly with distance away from the base of the antenna because of the attenuation of power with the square of distance. headaches, change of moods, confusion, and trouble in sleeping. radiation through mobile towers are causing cancer. why? Slide 18: Sleep disorders There seems to be a relationship between the mobile phones radiofrequency radiation and some sleep disorders in humans. Due to this effect it is recommended to switch off the mobile phone when sleeping. Radiation from mobile phones delays and reduces sleep, and causes headaches and confusion, according to a new study. Slide 19: Thermal Effect A typical GSM digital cellular phone operating at a maximum average power output of about 0.25 watts (W) might results in a SAR of about 0.5-1.5 W/kg averaged over a gram of tissue. This is often associated with a very low rise in brain temperature (maximum 0.1 C) (Anderson and Joyner 1995; Vaberg 1997; van Leeuwen et al. 1999). This temperature rise increases with the length of the call as shown in this graph. Note: Temperature rise is very minimal in the first few minutes Then rises sharply at about 15 minutes Continued a very gradual increase thereafter Slide 20: Use the speakerphone option. It keeps the phone away from your head. You want at least a few inches of distance. [This] dramatically drops radiation exposure. A foot or more is better. Dont wear your phone on a belt clip or keep it in your pocket. If the mobile emits radiation, it still emits whether held up to your ear or hip. Consider getting a Bluetooth wireless earpiece. Manufacturers claim the radiation from the Bluetooth technology is 100 to 200 times less intense than a typical cell phone held to the ear. Find out about ferrite beads. This is an inexpensive clip you put on the wire of a headset. The wire itself is suspected of emitting radiation and the ferrite absorbs and neutralizes the radiation. Reintroduce yourself to landline [telephones]. Some tips of Using Cell Phones Slide 21: Antennas should be erected in such a way that the radiating surfaces are at adequate distance from living areas Slide 22: Thank you for your attention