Advanced Potential Flow

DWFS Tool

CANICE 2D/3D

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Advanced Potential Flow

1. Eulers equation of motion 2. Velocity potential 3. Stream function 4. Complex potential 5. Example of potential flow 6. Conformal mapping

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Advanced Potential Flow

Re: large diffusion of vorticity: small fluid can be treated as an ideal fluid Applicability of ideal flow is large Potential flow refers to an ideal fluid Stream function Velocity potential

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Eulers equation of motion

Steady flow: Continuity equation + Eulers equation of motion -> u, v, p = f(t,x,y) (Difficult to obtain analytically except for a particular restricted case!)
HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Velocity Potential
Definition

V = grad
Velocities u and v can be obtained by differentiating the velocity potential -> flow pattern is found

Potential flow = Irrotational motion Laplaces equation

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Velocity Potential
Equipotential line: = const Direction of fluid velocity is at right angles to the potential line

V ds = 0

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Stream function
Streamline for 2D flow:

d = 0, i.e. = const : define a streamline

Velocities u and v can be obtained by differentiating the stream function -> flow pattern is found

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Stream function
Relationship between flow rate and stream function

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Complex potential

w(z) complex potential of a flow : conjugate complex velocity

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Summary

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Examples of Potential Flow

Parallel flow Velocity Potential Stream Function

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Examples of Potential Flow

Source Discharge q per unit thickness: q = 2r vr = const

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Examples of Potential Flow

Free vortex Circulation:

y 3 4 2 1 3 2 O >0

1 x

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Synthesizing of flows
By combining two 2D incompressible potential flows, another potential flow can be obtained

Combining a source and a sink (doublet)

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Synthesizing of flows
Flow around a cylinder = Parallel flow + Doublet

Streamlines
HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Pressure Coefficient

Synthesizing of flows
Flow around a cylinder with circulation

=0

< 4Ruo

= 4Ruo

> 4Ruo

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Synthesizing of flows
Flow around a cylinder with circulation
Kutta-Joukowsky Theorem

L = U 0

Streamlines
HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Pressure Coefficient

Conformal Mapping
Conformal Mapping:

Equiangularly mapped

Similarity

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Conformal Mapping
Joukowskis mapping function:

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Conformal Mapping
Joukowskis mapping function:

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics

Conformal Mapping
Mapping of flow around cylinder onto flow around wing

Kutta condition

HCMC University of Technology 22/09/200957:020 Fluid Mechanics