Mentall Heallth & Sociiall Care Current Awareness Bulllletiin Menta Hea th & Soc a Care Current Awareness Bu et n

No 327 No 327

h December 19ttth 2011 December 19 h 2011

The Mental Health & Social Care Current Awareness Bulletin is produced at Essex Public Health Resource Unit
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East of England Health Libraries Network: EoEHLN

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Addictions Anxiety Dementia Depression Dual Diagnosis Eating Disorders Forensic Psychiatry

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CONTENT CONTENT
News from all corners of the world

Department of Health

Autism training resources Adults Personal Social Services: specific revenue grants and capital grant allocations for 2012-13

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National News

Plans for greater scrutiny of elderly care in England Plans to "radically drive up" standards of social care in England to protect the elderly have been unveiled by the government Poor mental health harming productivity, says OECD One in five workers suffer from a mental illness such as depression or anxiety and these conditions increasingly affect productivity in the workplace as many struggle to cope, a report by the OECD said on Monday Post-Winterbourne CQC inspections identify problems in learning disability hospitals Leadership and governance need to be stronger in learning disabilities hospitals and care homes, the Care Quality Commission has said NHS England Atlas finds dementia drug Rxing "varies 25-fold The new NHS Atlas of Variation has revealed a 25-fold variation in anti-dementia drug prescribing rates across England, and also that patients with type 2 diabetes are twice as likely to receive the highest standard of care in some areas of England compared to others 1.5bn cut for councils with social care responsibilities Councils responsible for social care in England will have 1.5bn taken out of their budgets next year, the government has said Cuts to workforce development teams 'hindering reform' The Social Work Reform Board may struggle to continue delivering its programme of change in the face of cuts to workforce development teams throughout England, a report by Learn to Care has warned Adult social care and health to be integrated in Scotland Adult social care and health will be integrated in Scotland to help tackle delayed discharges from hospital and cost-shunting between councils and the NHS, under plans outlined yesterday
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by the country's government Financial abuse of dementia sufferers is rife, warns charity Social care professionals have been urged to look out for indicators of financial abuse among people with dementia after Alzheimer's Society warned that the problem was rife among the client group Designer drugs: Effect on brain chemistry 'like ecstasy' Scientists have confirmed that two stimulant drugs banned in the UK appear similar to ecstasy in their immediate effects on the brain Con artists are 'targeting dementia sufferers' Con artists are dealing "another body blow" to the most vulnerable in society who need more protection, according to a charity Social care reform: Fears over funding plan Ministers have recommitted themselves to overhauling the social care system in England amid fears reforms could be kicked into the long grass Emergency admissions for dementia patients rise 12% A quarter of hospital beds are now occupied by dementia sufferers as emergency admissions have risen sharply in recent years, figures show. Dementia care: Hospitals 'must make improvements' Hospitals in England and Wales are falling short in the care given to dementia patients, a review says. RCN expresses concern over dementia report The Royal College of Nursing has said it is extremely worrying that the majority of staff who responded to a recent survey say that their training and development in the field of dementia care is not sufficient Housing instability is linked to poor mental health and offending, says Centre for Mental Health Without a safe and stable place to live offenders with mental health problems are likely to become trapped in a cycle of offending and homelessness, according to a briefing paper Service user experience in adult mental health: Improving the experience of care for people using adult NHS mental health services NICE: This clinical guidance offers evidence-based advice on ensuring a good experience of care for people who use adult NHS mental health services

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International News

FDA panel backs Alexza drug with limits U.S. drug advisers recommended approving an experimental treatment from Alexza Pharmaceuticals for calming down patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, but placed restrictions on how the drug should be used Facebook Launches Service to Help Prevent Suicide
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Friends who spot distraught postings can trigger alert that encourages user to call counselor Alcohol Use Down, Pot Use Up Among U.S. Teens Drinking at historic lows, but fewer kids seem to think marijuana is dangerous, survey finds Horticulture Improves Heart Rate, Stress Levels Of Mentally Challenged Adults Participation in horticultural activities can improve confidence and social skills, cultivate a positive attitude, and rejuvenate the mind and body Government rejects Munro early intervention duty The government has refused to implement a key recommendation in the Munro Review of child protection to create an early intervention duty on councils Campaigners hail plans to widen scope of domestic violence Campaigners have hailed government proposals to widen the definition of domestic violence to include victims aged under 18 and those who have experienced ongoing controlling behaviour from partners Blood Test Might Predict How Well A Depressed Patient Responds To Antidepressants Loyola University Medical Center researchers are reporting what could become the first reliable method to predict whether an antidepressant will work on a depressed patient

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RESEARCH RESEARCH

Conceptual framework for personal recovery in mental health: systematic review and narrative synthesis No systematic review and narrative synthesis on personal recovery in mental illness has been undertaken Tackling inequalities in primary care mental health This paper aims to describe the development activity undertaken by a primary care mental team and public health specialists in Glasgow aimed at expanding the capacity of the primary care team to tackle health inequalities in the local area Ethnic variations in pathways to acute care and compulsory detention for women experiencing a mental health crisis Much recent debate on excess rates of compulsory detention and coercive routes to care has focused on young black men; evidence is less clear regarding ethnic variations among women and factors that may mediate these Satisfaction with inpatient treatment for first-episode psychosis among different ethnic groups: A report from the UK SOP study There is concern about the level of satisfaction with mental healthcare among minority ethnic patients in the UK, particularly as black patients have more compulsory admissions to hospital Link Between Delirium And Patient Isolation A new study finds that patients who are moved into isolation during a hospital stay are nearly twice as likely to develop delirium, a potentially dangerous change in mental status that often affects hospital patients. Patients who began their stay in isolation were not at increased risk
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Relationships Between Youth and Caregiver Strengths and Mental Health Outcomes in Community Based Public Mental Health Services Objective: To examine relationships between youth and caregiver strengths and behavioral health outcomes for youth in community service settings Improving psychiatric diagnosis in multidisciplinary child and adolescent mental health services A brief training workshop may have limited effects in changing practitioners behaviour so that diagnoses are made more promptly and appropriately recorded Metabolic changes evident in adolescent psychiatric patients Results from a study suggest that adolescents with severe psychiatric disorders have elevated levels of inflammatory markers and poorer lipid profiles compared with their mentally healthy peers

Addictions
Substance abuse, alcoholism, Anti-Stress Peptide May Block Alcohol Dependence New research by scientists at The Scripps Research Institute has underlined the power of an endogenous anti-stress peptide in the brain to prevent and even reverse some of the cellular effects of acute alcohol and alcohol dependence in animal models Interventions to prevent substance use and risky sexual behaviour in young people: a systematic review systematic review was performed to identify experimental studies of interventions to reduce risk behaviour in adolescents or young adults and that reported on both any substance (alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug) use and sexual risk behaviour outcomes Increased intra-individual reaction time variability in cocaine-dependent subjects: Role of cocaine-related cues Neuroimaging data suggest that impaired performance on response inhibition and information processing tests in cocaine-dependent subjects is related to prefrontal and frontal cortical dysfunction and that dysfunction in these brain areas may underlie some aspects of cocaine addiction Self-medication or social learning? A comparison of models to predict early adolescent drinking The current study examined the effects of social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and alcohol expectancies of social behavior change on alcohol involvement to determine whether the selfmedication and/or social learning models predicted drinking behavior in a sample of over 400 eighth grade students Predictors of Problem Gambling Severity in Treatment Seeking Gamblers Problem gambling has become a widespread problem following the rapid expansion of electronic gaming machines into hotels and clubs over the last 10 years

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Anxiety Disorders

Serotonin transporter gene and childhood trauma a G E effect on anxiety sensitivity Genetic factors and environmental factors are assumed to interactively influence the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders Telephone-Based Mental Health Interventions for Child Disruptive Behavior or Anxiety Disorders: Randomized Trials and Overall Analysis Most children with mental health disorders do not receive timely care because of access barriers. These initial trials aimed to determine whether distance interventions provided by nonprofessionals could significantly decrease the proportion of children diagnosed with disruptive behavior or anxiety disorders compared with usual care Co-morbid anxiety disorders in bipolar disorder and major depression: familial aggregation and clinical characteristics of co-morbid panic disorder, social phobia, specific phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder Co-morbidity of mood and anxiety disorders is common and often associated with greater illness severity

Dementia
Alzheimers Visual hallucinations in dementia with Lewy bodies: transcranial magnetic stimulation study The aetiology of visual hallucinations is poorly understood in dementia with Lewy bodies. Pathological alterations in visual cortical excitability may be one contributory mechanism Patient self-report for evaluating mild cognitive impairment and prodromal Alzheimer's disease Patient-reported outcome measures are used to evaluate disease and treatments in many therapeutic areas, capturing relevant aspects of the disorder not obtainable through clinician or informant report, including those for which patients may have a greater level of awareness than those around them Brain Changes May Be Tied to Parkinson's Dementia Study finds differences between patients with and without mental decline 'Body Clock' Might Affect Women's Dementia Risk Timing of daily physical activity was also linked to odds for mental decline, study found Effect of alcohol and tobacco use on vascular dementia: a matched case control study Vascular dementia is the second most common type of dementia in the United States. The underlying association of tobacco and alcohol with vascular dementia is not completely understood Biochemical Signature Predicts Progression To Alzheimer's Disease A study led by Research Professor Matej Oresic from VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland suggests that Alzheimer's disease is preceded by a molecular signature indicative of hypoxia and up-regulated pentose phosphate pathway Alzheimer's Drug Candidate May Be First to Prevent Disease Progression, Mouse Study
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Suggests A new drug candidate may be the first capable of halting the devastating mental decline of Alzheimer's disease, based on the findings of a study published in PLoS ONE Potential Benefit Of Antioxidant In The Alzheimer's Fight A study by researchers has shown that an antioxidant can delay the onset of all the indicators of Alzheimer's disease, including cognitive decline

Depression
Bipolar disorders Some depressed people do worse on drugs: study Up to a fifth of patients being treated for depression with some medications may do worse than those given a placebo, according to a U.S. study Suicidal BD patients show increased bedtime salivary cortisol Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) who have a history of suicidal behavior exhibit significantly increased bedtime salivary cortisol levels, results from a US study show

Prenatal infection exposure not linked to bipolar disorder risk Results from a Danish study do not support an association between prenatal exposure to certain infectious agents and an increased risk for bipolar disorder Mothers With Jobs Report Fewer Symptoms Of Depression, Better Overall Health Mothers with jobs tend to be healthier and happier than moms who stay at home during their children's infancy and pre-school years Comparison of neuropsychological effects of adjunctive risperidone or quetiapine in euthymic patients with bipolar I disorder Although associations between antipsychotic use and neuropsychological impairment in bipolar I disorder have been observed, there is a lack of studies examining effects of specific agents used in this population Psychiatric Disorders With Postpartum Onset: Possible Early Manifestations of Bipolar Affective Disorders Childbirth has an important influence on the onset and course of bipolar affective disorder, and it is well established that there may be a delay of many years before receiving a diagnosis of bipolar disorder following an initial episode of psychiatric illness Co-morbid anxiety disorders in bipolar disorder and major depression: familial aggregation and clinical characteristics of co-morbid panic disorder, social phobia, specific phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder Co-morbidity of mood and anxiety disorders is common and often associated with greater illness severity Different mechanisms may account for white matter abnormalities in BD and schizophrenia Results from a US study suggest that white matter microstructural abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder are associated with different pathophysiological mechanisms than those found in schizophrenia patients

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Dual Diagnosis

Linking substance use with symptoms of sub-clinical psychosis in a community cohort over 30 years Data from a prospective community study sampled within a single cohort over 30 years (19782008) were analyzed with discrete-time hazard models Addressing the needs of older people with co-morbid alcohol and mental health disorders: a case series from a London Community Mental Health Team (CMHT) Despite older adult community mental health team workers inevitably encountering service users with alcohol use disorders, they have a limited evidence base for working with this group

Eating Disorders

Study Challenges Decades-Old Treatment Guidelines for Anorexia Adolescents hospitalised with anorexia nervosa who receive treatment based on current recommendations for re-feeding fail to gain significant weight during their first week in the hospital Psychosocial Barriers to Engagement With an Eating Disorder Service: A Qualitative Analysis of Failure to Attend Patient non-attendance and failure to engage with health services may be costly to the individual in terms of the delays in obtaining appropriate treatment and the unnecessary suffering and discomfort this may entail Orangutans That Have Survived Extreme Food Scarcity May Provide Better Understand Of Obesity And Eating Disorders In Humans New research examining how endangered Indonesian orangutans - considered a close relative to humans - survive during times of extreme food scarcity might help scientists better understand eating disorders and obesity in humans

Forensic Psychiatry

Group climate, personality, and self-reported aggression in incarcerated male youth Aggression in youth prison is considered a major problem, probably interfering with treatment and rehabilitative goals, and creating an unsafe work environment for group workers Secondary mental healthcare in prisons in England and Wales: results of a postal questionnaire
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Prison mental health inreach teams were introduced in response to policy from 2003. This provision comes under the responsibility of the National Health Service. Service development and structure was not defined in policy

Learning Disabilities

Blink Inhibition Due to Visual Stimuli Differs in Autism Toddlers slow their blinking for visual stimuli, but the response is delayed in those with ASD ADHD Med Use Not Tied to Increased Cardiovascular Risk Current, new ADHD medication users do not have higher risk of MI, sudden cardiac death, stroke

Nursing Research

An emergency department-based mental health nurse practitioner outpatient service: Part 1, participant evaluation The mental health liaison nurse role in the emergency department (ED) has demonstrated a range of positive outcomes for both consumers and staff An emergency department-based mental health nurse practitioner outpatient service: Part 2, staff evaluation The nurse practitioner role incorporates enhancing access to health-care services, particularly for populations that are underserved. This entails working collaboratively with colleagues across multidisciplinary teams and emphasizing a nursing model of practice within the nurse practitioner role

Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

Impact of depressive and anxiety disorder comorbidity on the clinical expression of obsessive-compulsive disorder The identification of distinct subtypes based on comorbidity offers potential utility in understanding variations in the clinical expression of obsessive-compulsive disorder Controlled comparison of family cognitive behavioral therapy and psychoeducation/relaxation training for child obsessive-compulsive disorder Objective: examine the efficacy of exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy plus a structured family intervention versus psychoeducation plus relaxation training for reducing symptom severity, functional impairment, and family accommodation in youths with obsessivecompulsive disorder

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White matter structure and symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder There is evidence that the different symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be mediated by partially distinct neural systems Reinforcement learning and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: dissociation of clinical phenotypes and pharmacological treatments Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder with heterogeneous phenotypic expression ranging from simple motor and vocal tics to more complex tics associated with psychiatric comorbidities

Occupational Therapy

A multicentre RCT on community occupational therapy in Alzheimer's disease: 10 sessions are not better than one consultation To compare the benefits and harms of a Dutch 10-session Community Occupational Therapy programme for patients with Alzheimer's disease with the impact of a one session consultation at home in German routine healthcare

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents Post traumatic stress disorder is a complex and chronic disorder that causes substantial distress and interferes with social and educational functioning Risk factors and posttraumatic stress disorder: are they especially predictive following exposure to less severe stressors? The diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) requires exposure to a traumatic stressor, as defined by Criterion A in the DSM criteria for PTSD

Psychology

Program cuts teen substance use, behavior problems A family-based program helped decrease rates of behavioral problems such as fighting and stealing, as well as drinking and drug use, among African American teens Impact messages of depressed outpatients as perceived by their significant others: profiles, therapeutic change, and relationship to outcome Whereas previous interpersonal research in depression has frequently used self-reports, patients' impact on others is rarely analyzed

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Schizophrenia

Spatial memory deficits in a virtual reality eight-arm radial maze in schizophrenia Learning and memory impairments are present in schizophrenia throughout the illness course and predict psychosocial function Schizophrenia medication adherence in a resource-poor setting: randomised controlled trial of supervised treatment in out-patients for schizophrenia (STOPS) Most people with schizophrenia in low- and middle-income countries receive minimal formal care, and there are high rates of non-adherence to medication Delusions linked to claustrum, insula volume in schizophrenia patients Results from a US study suggest that delusion severity in patients with schizophrenia is significantly associated with left claustrum and right insula volume ADMA levels elevated in schizophrenia patients Results from a Turkish study show that patients with schizophrenia have elevated levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)

Two-Year Follow-Up of Cognitive Functions in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders of Adolescent Patients Treated with Electroconvulsive Therapy The aim of the current study was to investigate the long-term cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in a sample of adolescent patients in whom schizophrenia spectrum disorders were diagnosed Different mechanisms may account for white matter abnormalities in BD and schizophrenia Results from a US study suggest that white matter microstructural abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder are associated with different pathophysiological mechanisms than those found in schizophrenia patients Mortality in first-contact psychosis patients in the UK: a cohort study The excess mortality following first-contact psychosis is well recognized. However, the causes of death in a complete incidence cohort and mortality patterns over time compared with the general population are unknown Schizophrenia - Single Genetic Changes In Two Genes Raise Risk According to a study by Johns Hopkins investigators published in the Nov. 16 issue of Neuron, the risk of developing schizophrenia may be increased by carrying single DNA letter changes from two different genes

Social Work

Asian Indians and depressive symptoms: Reframing mental health help-seeking behavior Survey results from 96 Asian Indians in the USA found that those having depressive symptoms
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were more likely to have experienced social, family or relationship issues The Value of Cultural Adaptation Processes: Older Youth Participants as Substance Abuse Preventionists This National Institutes of Health (National Institute on Drug Abuse) funded study employed focus groups to explore the value of: (a) engaging youth as experts in their own drug culture to engage them in open, honest discussion around substance use in their communities; and (b) allowing youth within a range of settings to systematically recreate unique workbook and video scenarios while maintaining the core Homelessness and mental health: adding clinical mental health interventions to existing social ones can greatly enhance positive outcomes This paper seeks to discuss the association between homelessness and poor health, both physical and mental

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FURTHER CONTENT FURTHER CONTENT

Books, Conferences, Websites & Journal Tocs

NEW PUBLICATIONS
Books and reports hot of the press Click the title to connect to the website entry A place to live: Securing stable accommodation for offenders with mental health problems Centre for Mental Health briefing report Hungers and Compulsions: The Psychodynamic Treatment of Eating Disorders and Addictions The Handbook of Child and Adolescent Drug and Substance Abuse: Pharmacological, Developmental, and Clinical Considerations Psychological Recovery: Beyond Mental Illness Asperger Syndrome in Adulthood: A Comprehensive Guide for Clinicians Handbook of Art Therapy: 2nd Revised edition Psychiatric Nursing Contemporary Practice: 5th Revised edition Ethics for Psychologists: A Casebook Approach Adhd in Adults

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CONFERENCES
Follow the link to a list, new conferences in bold CONFERENCES

WEBSITES
Follow the link below to a list of useful websites USEFUL WEBSITES

JOURNAL TOC PAGES

New links in bold Follow the link below to a list of Journal TOC pages JOURNAL TOCs

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DISCLAIMER
And list of websites used DISCLAIMER Follow the link to Disclaimer

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