LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial 1.0 Introduction Generally, research means, finding out.

Research is a way of thinking that is examining critically the various aspect of your day-to-day professional work. Literally, research is a logical and systematic search for new and useful information on a particular issue. Research is not all technical, complex, statistic and computers. It can be a simple activity designed to provide answer to a simple question relating to day-to-day activities. In applied fields of study, research is defined as a process of creating new and unique knowledge specific to an applied field of study. It takes the form of systematic investigation into phenomena of concern to the field of study using a range of quantitative and qualitative approaches, the results of which add to, confirm, or reject what is already known. It is also a reflective investigation of the dynamic interaction between theory and practice in a profession field of study. From this investigation, new understandings are developed as practices are explored in relation to peer review concepts, principles and theories. The maintenance of practice competency and the advancement of practice knowledge are critical components of the research. Research is important both in scientific and non-scientific fields. In our life new problems, events, phenomena and processes occur every day. Practically implementable solutions and suggestions are required for tackling new problems that arise. Precisely, research assists us to understand nature and natural phenomena. It is the foundation of knowledge and provides guidelines for solving problems. It is important ini industry and bussines for higher gain and productivity and to improve the quality of products. It leads to the identification and characterization of new materias, new living things etc. There are many different types of research methods, the various types of research conducted by foundations, academic institutions, and other organizations around the world are constantly advancing our collective knowledge of who we are and where we live. The different kind of research such as market research, economic research, scientific research, media research and social research. Although many of these different kinds of research have developed methodologies that are specific to their particular discipline, there are basic research methods that are common to most.
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LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial Essentially, there are two types of research methods: quantitative research and qualitative research, although it is possible to use both methods in the same research study. In quantitative research, the information collected takes the form of measurements or numbers that can be analysed statistically to determine whether a treatment has made a real difference. This type of research requires standardised procedures, specific methods and statistical analysis and so maximises objectivity. Quantitative research describes phenomena in numbers and measures instead of words. Quantitative research refers to the count of things. Qualitative research aims to understand the processes, which lie behind patterns of behaviour, people's emotions or their responses to certain situations. It uses different ways of collecting data e.g. the words and phrases people use in interviews and focus groups and employs specialised non-mathematical analysis. Choosing the correct method to address a research question involves many considerations such as medical ethics, patient acceptability, number of patients required and whether it is likely to produce a clear answer. However, both of method got their own advantage and disadvantage. Qualitative research refers to the notion of quality to the nature of things. Qualitative research can be referred to the meanings, concepts, definitions, character, symbols and description of things. Qualitative research is based on depth of understanding rather than numerical analysis of data. There are a few example of research such as a survey in a Malay community in the city. This research is about survey in a Kampung Melayu at Kuala Lumpur. This community is a Malay community that has grown as a residential area since the commencement of British colonial rule in the country. Apart from the Malays, there are other ethnic groups such as Javanese, Minangkabau, Segar, Banjar, and so on, and some Chinese and Indian families living in marginal areas. In terms of ethnic background population, a Kampung Baru is not a uniform area. Research purposes in the Kampung Baru is to see a variety of forms and circumstances in which ethnic identity manifested itself in the community level where people in the community along with other ethnic Chinese and Indians.

LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial The aspects to be studied is how these ethnic groups express their ethnic feelings and manifest their ethnic identity in the interaction of economic, social, political and so on. Kampung Baru was selected as study area because of its position close to the Chinese and Indian. The second example of research is a crisis management and institution building of a coercive apparatus in a developing ethnically divided society: the example of the royal Malaysia police by Dr. Zakaria Haji Ahmad. The specific theme will focus on the relationship between the institution-building process of the Malaysian police and the mode of polity crisis resolution both by the colonial and indigenous regimes and how this relationship has affected the mlange between alien, colonial practices and indigenous elements in the enforcement of law and order as well as regime maintenance in a multiracial society. A barrier is anything that prevents a person with a disability from fully participating in all aspects of society because of his or her disability. Barriers also known as any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective. This, includes an architectural barrier, a physical barrier, an informational or communications barrier, an attitudinal barrier, a technological barrier, a policy or practice. In architectural barrier refers to building design, areas, shapes of rooms, size of doorway and so on. For physical barriers including the objects that are added to the invironment, doors, windows, furniture and hardware. In informational or communications barriers is a difficulty to receive informations or communications either in person, prints material, telephones, signage and others. Barriers to communication include all those things that hinder the communication process and result in some kind of distortion in the message. The first barrier is physical for example if two employees in an office have their offices in two different floors then they will communicate very less with each other. Then there are perceptual barriers that mean that people have their own views about things and they do not listen carefully to what other people are saying. Then we have emotional barriers like fear and anxiety because of which communication is not effective. Cultural and language barriers mean that people in different cultures communicate differently and it is difficult for them to understand each other.
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LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial Men and women also have a different style and difficulty to communicate arises because of this difference. Then the personality also can become a barrier because there are many people who do not want to communicate with others.Besides that, attitudinal barriers is refers to persons who do not know how to communicate with people with disabilities, or persons who display discriminatory behaviours. There are many types of barriers that can lead to the failure of the research. The barriers that we facing when making research are lack of data, sources and information and so on. Lack of data or information is the main barriers that make it difficult process in making research. This is because it can cause the researchers having some problems in collecting data and information from the sources such as books, journal, internet and more. In a meanwhile, this problem may contribute to the unfinished or uncomplete research. The second types of barrier are lack of time. Lack of time normally happen to someone that study or make research and at the same time they are working. This happens when working person is busy with their work and do not have enough time to do their research. Furthermore, lack of commitment also is one of the barriers facing by the researchers. When doing a research, commitment is important for make sure a good research can be done in time. Besides, long distance also may ruin the progressing of a research. Long distance means a person stay far away from university or library that may bring a lot of troubles for them in finding some data or information and so much more. Next is lack of financial. Doing a research is totally under dependent on their own. When making a research, researchers usually facing the financial problems in journey cost, cost to rent a house vehicle, and cost to expenses along for the research. For the uemployed or a person that unable to working, this barrier may force them to forget about the research. Last, is lack of co-operation. Lack of co-operation means there is no cooperation, cooperative work done by a team. In content, without co-operation all jobs or problems cant be done easily and effectively. Most of types of barriers in research above are the factor why the research is fail.

LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial 2.0 Literature Review Ranjit Kumar (2005; 2) says that "research is away to understand that guiding principles govern a particular procedure and Developing new theories for the enhancement of your practice. Arthur Bloch says, Enough research will tend to support your conclusion. (http://www.answers.com/topic/quote-4?subject=Research&s2=Research (5.18am / 7 Oct 2010) Helene Deutsch says After all, the ultimate goal of all research is not objectivity, but the truth. The measure of good research is how well it helps us to understand what we are studying.(http://www.answers.com/topic/quote-4?subject=Research&s2=Research (5.03am / 7 0ct 2010) Eugenie Clarks says Not many appreciate the ultimate power and potential usefulness of basic knowledge accumulated by obscure, unseen investigators who in a life time of intensive study, may never see any practical use for their findings but who go on seeking answers to the unknown without thought of financial or practical gain.

(http://www.answers.com/topic/quote-4?subject=Research&s2=Research (5.03am / 7 0ct 2010) Albert Einstein says, If we know what we were doing, it wouldnt be research. Through research, we can understand the principles and theories linking the course of the study. It can thus expand the minds of the researchers in their practice to link the theories put forward by scholars. (http://www.answers.com/topic/quote-4?subject=Research&s2=Research (5.25am / 7 Oct 2010)

LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial 3.0 Statement Problem In our topic, identify the barriers of research; we come out with several problems that we found out. The main problems is lack of data, lack of data means that a researcher cant find any source from primary data or secondary data that he/she can make as a references to do research. As all the data and information are very important on doing a research. If there is no data about the research, its hard for the researcher to complete the research as he/she is the only people that do about the research. Next is financial problems faced by the researcher. When researcher is doing research, its totally under their own. They have to use their own money, and the researcher may be facing problems due to lack of financial. Usually, when making a research, we have to spend a lot of money on the cost of journey, renting a house or room, vehicle and for own expenses. People that are doing research, like student usually facing this kind of problems. In addition, lack of cooperation is also one of the problems. This is because, doing research in group need a full commitment. However, not every member in the group can give their best commitment to the group, they are busy with their own works, and this can delay the research to be done. Time is also the problems that face by reseracher, as a student there a lot of other things that need to be done on time. There tones of works given by the lecturers, so the student has limited time to focus on doing the research.

LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial 4.0 Objectives In this research, the main objectives of the study is to identify the barriers face by the researchers who are making their research. In line with this, the following are the specific objectives of the study: 1. To identify the barriers facing by the researchers. 2. To examine people perception (interview) regarding the barriers and conostraint. 3. To recommend on how to overcome research barriers involve in research.

5.0 Methodology The research that is going to conduct is about the barriers of research. This study will determine what are the problems when doing research and how to overcome the barriers that face by researcher while doing research. Student and lecturers in Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) will involve in this study, since the objective of the research is about the barriers of doing research, so it is suitable if lecturers and student become our respondent. The data will be gathered by using the primary data and secondary data. For a better result, researcher will combine quantitative and qualitative researchs technique in doing the research. By using primary data, we focus on quantitative technique, which is by conducting an interview; researcher will get a well-planned answer by the person that will be interview by the researcher. The interview will be conduct among UPSIs lecturers and the question that will be ask are about their opinion and based on their experiences about the topic, which is barriers face by researcher when doing research. According to the quantitative technique questionnaire will be prepared. The data that been collect by the respondent among UPSIs students will be analyzed statiscally. This is because; the researcher may encounter different answers from each respondent that involved in this research. By using the primary data, it is more flexible because interview will be record using video or voice recorder, all the answers will be transcriped and coded.

LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial Based on secondary data, we will collect information and data from books, jurnals, magazines and etc. Information and data will be taken at UPSIs library that may bring a lot of benefits for us because there are many sources helping us to complete this research. Furthermore, other than that sources from internet may also help us on conducting the research.

First, the respondents shall fill out a self-administered questionnaire. The respondents will select each statement in the survey-questionnaire using a Yes or NO; the respondents will be given five response choices. Beside that the open-end questionnaire will answer by respondent for additional comment or suggestion.

When the entire survey questionnaires have been collected, the researcher will also tally, and score all the responses in the provided interview questions. The researcher will used statistics to analyze all the data; and will be assisted by the SPSS with the statistical analysis for this study. Besides that, the researcher will ask the respondents for any suggestions or any necessary corrections to ensure further improvement in the future.

LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial

Faculty of Science Humanities Science Social Research (LNU 3013) Project Title: Identify the Barriers of Research
TITLE: Identify The Barriers of Research. Tick () on your answers. 1. Faculty: 2. Programme: 3. Semester: 4. Race: Malay ( ) Chinese ( ) Indian ( 5. Sex: L ( ) P( ) ) Married ( )

6. Status: Single ( 7. Age:___

) Others:______________

5. Educational Status:

SPM STPM Matriculation Diploma Degree Master PhD Questionnaires.

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LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial 1. Do you know what Research is? Yes No

2. Do you think research is important to a researcher?

Yes 3. Do you know what Barrier is? Yes

No

No

4. From the following, what are the main barriers faces by researcher?

( ( ( (

) Lack of data and information ) Financial Problem ) Lack of time ) Long distance

( ( (

) Commitment ) Cooperation ) Family

5. By providing the facilities and financial can it encourage peoples to do research.

Yes

No

6. What is the best technique of data collection to be use on doing research? Quantitative Qualitative

7. What is the best way to overcome barriers in research? Provide more data and information. Provide allotment like financial. Give researcher opportunity to choose the time in making research Depth Interview Question
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LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial 1. What do you understand about the word barriers? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

2. In doing research, what are the barriers that always face by researcher? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

3. What are the impacts of barriers to research? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

4. In your opinion, how to overcome the barriers? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

5. What is your advice to the researcher before doing research? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

6.0 Conclusion
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LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial For conclusion, this research will focused on barriers in research, people perception about the barriers and the recommendation to overcome the barriers. To achieve the objective this research will be used both of qualitative and quantitative method which is use depth interview and questionnaire. On depth interview, the type of question is about opinion or values questions which the researcher will ask to find out what people think about some topic or issue about this research. Besides that, this research also using questionnaire that contains questions that the researcher would use to get information from respondents. On this research researcher will be used closed- ended forms to get respond from the respondents.

Beside that, these researches also use research data from primary data and secondary data. Data is one kind of information that researcher have obtained in relation to the objective of this research. Primary data is data that researcher obtains directly from respondents which is interview. The researcher also use secondary data that obtained from secondary sources such as books, magazine, and so on to getting more data about this research.

Bibliography
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LNU 3013 Kajian Penyelidikan Sains Sosial

Geoff Payne & Judy Payne, Key Concepts in Social Research, Sage Publications (2004) London. The A-Z of Social Research, Edited by Robert L Miller and John D Brewer, London (2003), Sage Publications. Kumar, Ranjit.(2005) Research methodology : a step by step guide for beginners. London. Sage Publications Taken from http://www.suite101.com/content/social-science-research-barriers-a45964 on 23 September 2010. Taken from http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/lsd/shulgin.htm on 25 September 2010.

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