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ENGN 2211
ENGN 2211 Electronic Circuits and Devices Problem Set #8 BJT CE Amplier Circuits
Q1
Consider the common-emitter BJT amplier circuit shown in Figure 1. Assume VCC = 15 V, = 150, VBE = 0.7 V, RE = 1 k, RC = 4.7 k, R1 = 47 k, R2 = 10 k, RL = 47 k, Rs = 100 .
+VCC
R1 Rs C1
RC
C2
vo RL vs vin R2 RE CE
Figure 1: The circuit for Question 1. (a) Determine the Q-point. (b) Sketch the DC load-line. What is the maximum (peak to peak) output voltage swing available in this amplier. (c) Draw the AC equivalent circuit and determine the AC model parameters. (d) Derive expressions for Rin , Rout , Avoc , Av , Ai , G. (e) Find Rin , Rout , Avoc , Av , Ai , G. (f) Find the output voltage waveform if vs = 10 103 sin(25000t). Sketch the source and output voltage waveforms. (g) Determine whether clipping will take place if vs = 25 103 sin(25000t).
Problem Set #8
page 1
ANU
ENGN 2211
Q2
Consider the common-emitter BJT amplier circuit shown in Figure 2. Assume VCC = 15 V, = 150, VBE = 0.7 V, RE = 2.7 k, RC = 4.7 k, R1 = 47 k, R2 = 10 k, RL = 47 k, Rs = 100 .
+VCC
R1 Rs C1
RC
C2
vo RL vs vin R2 RE CE
Figure 2: The circuit for Question 2. (a) Determine the Q-point. (b) Sketch the DC load-line. What is the maximum (peak to peak) output voltage swing available in this amplier. (c) Draw the AC equivalent circuit and determine the AC model parameters. (d) Derive expressions for Rin , Rout , Avoc , Av , Ai , G. (e) Find Rin , Rout , Avoc , Av , Ai , G. (f) Find the output voltage waveform if vs = 10 103 sin(25000t). Sketch the source and output voltage waveforms.
Problem Set #8
page 2
ANU
ENGN 2211
R1 Rs C1
RC
C2
vo RL vs vin R2 RE CE
(a)
Analyzing the DC Voltage-divider bias circuit, we have VT H = = RT H = = IB = = IC IE VE VC VCE = = = = = = = = = = R2 VCC R1 + R2 10k (15) = 2.63 V 10k + 47k R2 R1 R1 + R2 (10k)(47k) = 8.2456 k 10k + 47k VT H VBE RT H + ( + 1)RE 2.63 0.7 = 12.12 A 8.2456k + (151)(1k) IB (150)(12.12) = 1.8179 mA ( + 1)IB (151)(12.12) = 1.83 mA IE RE (1.83m)(1k) = 1.83 V VCC IC RC 15 (1.8179m)(4.7k) = 6.456 V VCC IC RC IE RE 15 (1.8179m)(4.7k) (1.83m)(1k) = 4.626 V page 3
Problem Set #8
ANU As IB > 0 and VCE > 0.2 V, the transistor is in active region of operation. The Q-point lies at ICQ VCEQ = 1.8179 mA = 4.626 V
ENGN 2211
(b)
For ideal cut-off VCE(o f f ) = VCC = 15 V
We see that the Q-point lies closer to saturation (VCE = 0.2 V) than cut-off (VCE = 15 V). Hence the maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(VCEQ 0.2) = 8.852 V.
(c)
Replacing the capacitors by short circuits and VCC by virtual AC ground, the AC equivalent circuit is
Current IC (mA)
Rs vo vs vin RC RL R1 R2
Problem Set #8
page 4
ENGN 2211
Rs
iin B
ib
ic C r i b RC vo RL io
vs
vin
RB vbe
E
The AC Model parameters are re = = r RB RL = = = = = = 26 mV IEQ 26 = 14.207 1.83 ( + 1)re (151)(14.207) = 2.1453 k R1 ||R2 8.2456 k RL ||RC (47 k)||(4.7 k) = 4.27 k
(d)
For derivations, please see Lecture 13.
(e)
The BJT CE amplier parameters are Rin Ro Avoc = = = = = = Av = = Ai = = G = = RB ||r (8.2456 k)||(2.1453 k) = 1.7024 k RC 4.7 k RC r (4.7 k)(150) = 328.62 2.1453 k R L r (4.27 k)(150) = 298.56 2.1453 k Rin Av RL 1.7024 k (298.56) = 10.81 47 k Ai Av (10.81)(298.56) = 3228.69
Problem Set #8
page 5
ANU
ENGN 2211
(f)
Finding the equation for output voltage with load, we have vs vin = 10 103 sin(25000t) Rin = vs Rs + Rin 1.7024 k = vs 100 + 1.7024 k = 0.9445vs = Av vin = (298.56)(0.9445 vs ) = (298.56)(0.9445)(10 103 sin(25000t)) = 2.82 sin(25000t)
vo
The required peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(2.82)=5.64 V. The maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 8.852 V > 5.64 V. Hence no clipping will take place. The -ve sign indicates that output voltage is 180 out of phase with input voltage (inverting amplier).
1 The time period is T = 5000 = 0.2 ms. The sketch of input and output voltages is shown in gures below:- (Note y-axis has different units in the two gures)
10
3 2
X: 0.00015 Y: 2.824
5 Voltage vs (mV) Voltage vo (V) 0 0.1 0.2 Time t (ms) 0.3 0.4 1 0 1 2 10 3
0.1
0.3
0.4
(g)
For vs = 25 103 sin(25000t), we have vo = = = = Av vin (298.56)(0.9445 vs ) (298.56)(0.9445)(25 103 sin(25000t)) 7.05 sin(25000t)
The required peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(7.05)=14.1 V. However the maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 8.852 V < 14.1 V. Hence clipping will take place. See ProbSet08_Q1.sch.
Problem Set #8
page 6
ANU
ENGN 2211
Q2
Solution
Given that VCC = 15 V, = 150, VBE = 0.7 V, RE = 2.7 k, RC = 4.7 k, R1 = 47 k, R2 = 10 k, RL = 47 k, Rs = 100 .
+VCC
R1 Rs C1
RC
C2
vo RL vs vin R2 RE CE
(a)
Analyzing the DC Voltage-divider bias circuit, we have VT H RT H IB IC IE VC VE VCE = = = = = = = = 2.63 V 8.2456 k 4.64 A 0.696 mA 0.7006 mA 11.72 V 1.89 V 9.837 V
As IB > 0 and VCE > 0.2 V, the transistor is in active region of operation. The Q-point lies at ICQ VCEQ = 0.696 mA = 9.837 V
Problem Set #8
page 7
ANU
ENGN 2211
(b)
For ideal saturation and cut-off VCE(o f f ) IC(sat) = 15 V = 2.027 mA
We see that the Q-point lies closer to cut-off (VCE = 15 V) than saturation (VCE = 0.2 V). Hence the maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(VCC VCEQ ) = 10.34 V.
(c)
The AC Model parameters are re r RB RL = = = = 37.11 5.6037 k 8.2456 k 4.27 k
(d)
For derivations, please see Lecture 13.
(e)
The BJT CE amplier parameters are Rin Ro Avoc Av Ai G = = = = = = 3.336 k 4.7 k 125.81 114.3 8.11 926.97
Problem Set #8
Current IC (mA)
page 8
ANU
ENGN 2211
(f)
vs vin vo = 10 103 sin(25000t) = 0.97089vs = 1.11 sin(25000t)
The required peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(1.11)=2.2 V. The maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 10.34 V > 2.2 V. Hence no clipping will take place. The sketch of input and output voltages is shown in gures below:- (Note y-axis has different units in the two gures)
10 2 1.5 5 Voltage vs (mV) Voltage vo (V) 1 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 10 0 0.1 0.2 Time t (ms) 0.3 0.4 2 0 0.1 0.2 Time t (ms) 0.3 0.4
X: 0.00015 Y: 1.111
Problem Set #8
page 9