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ANU

ENGN 2211

AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Department of Engineering

ENGN 2211 Electronic Circuits and Devices Problem Set #8 BJT CE Amplier Circuits
Q1
Consider the common-emitter BJT amplier circuit shown in Figure 1. Assume VCC = 15 V, = 150, VBE = 0.7 V, RE = 1 k, RC = 4.7 k, R1 = 47 k, R2 = 10 k, RL = 47 k, Rs = 100 .

+VCC

R1 Rs C1

RC

C2

vo RL vs vin R2 RE CE

Figure 1: The circuit for Question 1. (a) Determine the Q-point. (b) Sketch the DC load-line. What is the maximum (peak to peak) output voltage swing available in this amplier. (c) Draw the AC equivalent circuit and determine the AC model parameters. (d) Derive expressions for Rin , Rout , Avoc , Av , Ai , G. (e) Find Rin , Rout , Avoc , Av , Ai , G. (f) Find the output voltage waveform if vs = 10 103 sin(25000t). Sketch the source and output voltage waveforms. (g) Determine whether clipping will take place if vs = 25 103 sin(25000t).

Problem Set #8

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ANU

ENGN 2211

Q2
Consider the common-emitter BJT amplier circuit shown in Figure 2. Assume VCC = 15 V, = 150, VBE = 0.7 V, RE = 2.7 k, RC = 4.7 k, R1 = 47 k, R2 = 10 k, RL = 47 k, Rs = 100 .

+VCC

R1 Rs C1

RC

C2

vo RL vs vin R2 RE CE

Figure 2: The circuit for Question 2. (a) Determine the Q-point. (b) Sketch the DC load-line. What is the maximum (peak to peak) output voltage swing available in this amplier. (c) Draw the AC equivalent circuit and determine the AC model parameters. (d) Derive expressions for Rin , Rout , Avoc , Av , Ai , G. (e) Find Rin , Rout , Avoc , Av , Ai , G. (f) Find the output voltage waveform if vs = 10 103 sin(25000t). Sketch the source and output voltage waveforms.

Problem Set #8

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ANU

ENGN 2211

AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Department of Engineering

ENGN 2211 Electronic Circuits and Devices Problem Set #8 Solution Q1


Complete Solution
Given that VCC = 15 V, = 150, VBE = 0.7 V, RE = 1 k, RC = 4.7 k, R1 = 47 k, R2 = 10 k, RL = 47 k, Rs = 100 .
+VCC

R1 Rs C1

RC

C2

vo RL vs vin R2 RE CE

(a)
Analyzing the DC Voltage-divider bias circuit, we have VT H = = RT H = = IB = = IC IE VE VC VCE = = = = = = = = = = R2 VCC R1 + R2 10k (15) = 2.63 V 10k + 47k R2 R1 R1 + R2 (10k)(47k) = 8.2456 k 10k + 47k VT H VBE RT H + ( + 1)RE 2.63 0.7 = 12.12 A 8.2456k + (151)(1k) IB (150)(12.12) = 1.8179 mA ( + 1)IB (151)(12.12) = 1.83 mA IE RE (1.83m)(1k) = 1.83 V VCC IC RC 15 (1.8179m)(4.7k) = 6.456 V VCC IC RC IE RE 15 (1.8179m)(4.7k) (1.83m)(1k) = 4.626 V page 3

Problem Set #8

ANU As IB > 0 and VCE > 0.2 V, the transistor is in active region of operation. The Q-point lies at ICQ VCEQ = 1.8179 mA = 4.626 V

ENGN 2211

(b)
For ideal cut-off VCE(o f f ) = VCC = 15 V

For ideal saturation IC(sat) = VCC 15 = = 2.63 mA RC + RE 5.7k

The plot of DC load line is shown in gure below


3 2.5 2 Qpoint 1.5 1 0.5 Ideal Cutoff 0 0 5 Voltage VCE (V) 10 15 Ideal Saturation

We see that the Q-point lies closer to saturation (VCE = 0.2 V) than cut-off (VCE = 15 V). Hence the maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(VCEQ 0.2) = 8.852 V.

(c)
Replacing the capacitors by short circuits and VCC by virtual AC ground, the AC equivalent circuit is

Current IC (mA)

Rs vo vs vin RC RL R1 R2

Problem Set #8

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ANU Replacing the transistor by the small-signal AC equivalent circuit, we have

ENGN 2211

Rs

iin B

ib

ic C r i b RC vo RL io

vs

vin

RB vbe

E
The AC Model parameters are re = = r RB RL = = = = = = 26 mV IEQ 26 = 14.207 1.83 ( + 1)re (151)(14.207) = 2.1453 k R1 ||R2 8.2456 k RL ||RC (47 k)||(4.7 k) = 4.27 k

(d)
For derivations, please see Lecture 13.

(e)
The BJT CE amplier parameters are Rin Ro Avoc = = = = = = Av = = Ai = = G = = RB ||r (8.2456 k)||(2.1453 k) = 1.7024 k RC 4.7 k RC r (4.7 k)(150) = 328.62 2.1453 k R L r (4.27 k)(150) = 298.56 2.1453 k Rin Av RL 1.7024 k (298.56) = 10.81 47 k Ai Av (10.81)(298.56) = 3228.69

Problem Set #8

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ANU

ENGN 2211

(f)
Finding the equation for output voltage with load, we have vs vin = 10 103 sin(25000t) Rin = vs Rs + Rin 1.7024 k = vs 100 + 1.7024 k = 0.9445vs = Av vin = (298.56)(0.9445 vs ) = (298.56)(0.9445)(10 103 sin(25000t)) = 2.82 sin(25000t)

vo

The required peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(2.82)=5.64 V. The maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 8.852 V > 5.64 V. Hence no clipping will take place. The -ve sign indicates that output voltage is 180 out of phase with input voltage (inverting amplier).
1 The time period is T = 5000 = 0.2 ms. The sketch of input and output voltages is shown in gures below:- (Note y-axis has different units in the two gures)

10

3 2
X: 0.00015 Y: 2.824

5 Voltage vs (mV) Voltage vo (V) 0 0.1 0.2 Time t (ms) 0.3 0.4 1 0 1 2 10 3

0.1

0.2 Time t (ms)

0.3

0.4

Figure 3: Source voltage vs (t).

Figure 4: Output voltage vo (t).

(g)
For vs = 25 103 sin(25000t), we have vo = = = = Av vin (298.56)(0.9445 vs ) (298.56)(0.9445)(25 103 sin(25000t)) 7.05 sin(25000t)

The required peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(7.05)=14.1 V. However the maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 8.852 V < 14.1 V. Hence clipping will take place. See ProbSet08_Q1.sch.

Problem Set #8

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ANU

ENGN 2211

Q2
Solution
Given that VCC = 15 V, = 150, VBE = 0.7 V, RE = 2.7 k, RC = 4.7 k, R1 = 47 k, R2 = 10 k, RL = 47 k, Rs = 100 .
+VCC

R1 Rs C1

RC

C2

vo RL vs vin R2 RE CE

(a)
Analyzing the DC Voltage-divider bias circuit, we have VT H RT H IB IC IE VC VE VCE = = = = = = = = 2.63 V 8.2456 k 4.64 A 0.696 mA 0.7006 mA 11.72 V 1.89 V 9.837 V

As IB > 0 and VCE > 0.2 V, the transistor is in active region of operation. The Q-point lies at ICQ VCEQ = 0.696 mA = 9.837 V

Problem Set #8

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ANU

ENGN 2211

(b)
For ideal saturation and cut-off VCE(o f f ) IC(sat) = 15 V = 2.027 mA

The plot of DC load line is shown in gure below


3 2.5 2 Ideal Saturation 1.5 1 Qpoint 0.5 Ideal Cutoff 0 0 5 Voltage VCE (V) 10 15

We see that the Q-point lies closer to cut-off (VCE = 15 V) than saturation (VCE = 0.2 V). Hence the maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(VCC VCEQ ) = 10.34 V.

(c)
The AC Model parameters are re r RB RL = = = = 37.11 5.6037 k 8.2456 k 4.27 k

(d)
For derivations, please see Lecture 13.

(e)
The BJT CE amplier parameters are Rin Ro Avoc Av Ai G = = = = = = 3.336 k 4.7 k 125.81 114.3 8.11 926.97

Problem Set #8

Current IC (mA)

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ANU

ENGN 2211

(f)
vs vin vo = 10 103 sin(25000t) = 0.97089vs = 1.11 sin(25000t)

The required peak to peak output voltage swing = 2(1.11)=2.2 V. The maximum available peak to peak output voltage swing = 10.34 V > 2.2 V. Hence no clipping will take place. The sketch of input and output voltages is shown in gures below:- (Note y-axis has different units in the two gures)
10 2 1.5 5 Voltage vs (mV) Voltage vo (V) 1 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 10 0 0.1 0.2 Time t (ms) 0.3 0.4 2 0 0.1 0.2 Time t (ms) 0.3 0.4
X: 0.00015 Y: 1.111

Figure 5: Source voltage vs (t). See ProbSet08_Q2.sch.

Figure 6: Output voltage vo (t).

Problem Set #8

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