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LINE 2 TOMATO CHERRY TYPE VARIETY CAPRICIU Cherry type tomato line registered for testing and homologation at State Institute for Variety Testing and Registration (I.S.T.I.S.) Bucharest in 2004-2005. Homologated in 2007 as Capriciu variety, adequate for indoor, protected cultivation (greenhouse, plastic tunnels) as for open field cultivation. DESCRIPTION Early variety. Non-determined growth plant type, weak anthocyan pigment in the inferior 1/3rd of the stalk, pendent leaves, weakly blistered, 2 leaves between clusters, average length of internodes 4-5 cm, mainly monopodial clusters. Suitable for fresh consumption and industrializing. Yielding production - 65-85 t/ha
Green collar fruit in the immature state and deep red, homogenous, glitter at technological stage. Firm, sweet, flavored fruit. Fruit average weight= 21.5-26.5 g; Shape index =1.07; Dry soluble substance weight = 7,0 ; Two seminal spaces in cross section. GARDENERS DELIGHT Witness variety Early variety of cherry type tomato, indeterminate type, high, vigorous plants, rich foliage, medium green, semi erect leaves, fruit about 15 g, no green shoulder, light red, shinny at consumption state, pleasant taste. INDUSTRIALIZATION The homologation and authorization methodology of new vegetable varieties specifies that, besides their agrobiological behavior data, we must know the industrial processing behavior, as well as the physico-chemical indices that interact with the processing and destination of the varieties. The biological material (cherry type tomatoes) was tested for the evaluation of their processing capacity by the Institute of Food Bioresources Bucharest in the framework of a CEEX Project number 76/03.10.2005 Food safety for vegetable and fruit production and processing by: - industrializing capacity through thermal sterilization; - establishing the technology of processing by dehydration; - establishing the technology of processing by freezing techniques of the cherry type tomatoes. OBTAINED RESULTS: The organoleptic characteristics of the cherry type tomato variety CAPRICIU L2
Aspect: Undamaged tomatoes, clean, healthy, fresh aspect, firm pulp. Equatorial section diameter: 25 30 mm. Color: Red
Taste and flavor: Pleasant, characteristic for fresh tomatoes, no strange taste or flavor. Fruit average weight (g) 21,5 Sensorial analysis of the tomato variety processed as Fruit height (cm) 3,4 "TOMATO IN SAUCE"
7 6 5 Aspect 4 3 2 1 0 CAPRICIU(L2) Tomato variety GARDENERS DELIGHT (Mt.) Color Consistency Taste and flavor
As a result of the performed biochemical analyses we observed that the cherry type tomato variety L2 (CAPRICIU) have a nutritional value superior to the witness variant, GARDENERS DELIGHT variety. Therefore the glucid content is 41,11 % higher, the protein content 13,33 %, the lipids content 15 %, and the vitamin C content is 18,92 % higher. Regarding the mineral elements content of cherry type tomato variety L2 (CAPRICIU) compared with the witness variant, the first has a higher potassium (278,50 mg/100g beside 231,75 mg/100g), magnesium (19,75 mg/100 g beside 17,80 mg/100g), and Fe (0,44 mg/100 g beside de 0,40 mg/100g) content. Quality indices of the product TOMATOES IN SAUCE- CAPRICIU L2 variety Organoleptic characteristics:
Product aspect: Undamaged tomatoes, (about. 7,2% cracked tomatoes); Fruit with the same ripening degree, homogenous as dimensions, covered with homogenous mass paste, no damages Product color: Red, deep Total average score for the sensorial analysis of tomato Tomatoes consistency: Processed as "TOMATO IN SAUCE" Homogenous, middle firm tomatoes, not over boiled 19. Taste and flavor: 5 Pleasant, natural, very typical, very intense. 1 9 Biochemical characteristics
m e d i u P u n c t a j t o t a l
In tomato juice ( R la 200C) 11,2 1 8 Soluble glucids (%) 7,06 17. 5 Proteins (%) 0,99 Lipids (%) 0,19 1 7 GARDENERS DELIGHT CAPRICIU (L2) Tomato variety (Mt.) Vitamin C (mg/100 g) 8,70 Total acidity (g citric acid/100 g) 0,54 Ashes (%)- K (mg/100g)- Ca (mg/100g)- Mg (mg/100 g)- Na (mg/100g)- Fe (mg/100g)- P (mg/100g) 0,50 Energetic value (kcal/100g) 33,91
Nitrate and nitrite content for cherry type tomato varieties in fresh state L2 (CAPRICIU) VARIETY GARDENERS DELIGHT (Witness) Nitrite ions NO2 (mg/kg) 0,30 Nitrite ions NO2 - (mg/kg) 0,37 Nitrate ions NO3 (mg/kg) 112,5 Nitrate ions NO3 - (mg/kg) 114,57 The nitrate and nitrite content of the studied cherry type tomatoes have small values (nitrites: 0,30 0,40 mg/kg; nitrates: 112,5 116,75 mg/kg), which proves the usage of adequate technologies through: - adequate level of fertilizers applied; - assuring light intensity; - assuring the optimum temperature for plant growing
Compared with nitrates, the nitrites content of cherry type tomatoes is much lower, under 1 mg/kg. This situation can be explained by the fact that in the frame of the transformation processes of nitrates in plants, the nitrite phase is a transitory one. As the nitrites appear under nitratereductases influence, they are onwards reduced, with the same speed by the nitritereductase in nitrogen monoxide. CONCLUSIONS The quality of the basics works, maintenance works, fertilization, phyto-sanitary treatments made and its execution at optimal moments, assure qualitative and quantitative superior yields, for both varieties of cherry type tomatoes CAPRICIU and GARDENERS DELIGHT, reducing the fuel consumption up to 10 %. In comparison with the yield potential indicated in the specialized catalogues, the cherry type tomatoes under study, in the frame of optimized agro technical measures applied, exceeded the usual yield production potential with almost 23%, capitalizing at a superior level the soil and environment conditions, in a good year from the climatic point of view for an evolution without diseases and pest problems, economically significant. The reduced number of treatments prevented the fruit contamination with toxic residues and assured an efficient protection of plants, allowing the obtainment of an increased yield production. From the point of view of resistance to the main diseases and pests on the quality and fruit production of cherry type tomatoes L2 (CAPRICIU) and GARDENERS DELIGHT in greenhouses) this years climatic conditions didnt favor the apparition of the specific pathogens in the case of cherry type tomato culture, as: Alternaria porri f. sp. solaniearly blight of tomato leaves, Botrytis cinerea - grey mould of tomatoes, Cladosporium fulvum leaf mould of tomato. The new variety of cherry type tomato fits the quality and performance criteria demanded on the national market, for alignment to the requirements on the European Union market. The new variety will find his place in peoples diet, as fresh product and also in processed state. BIBLIOGRAPHY
V. Voican, I. Scurtu, M. Costache, V. Lacatus, L. Stoian, T. Roman, M. Dumitrescu, 2006 - Cultura legumelor in camp, Ed. Phoenix, Brasov, (2006) Victor Popescu, Angela Popescu, 2006 - Cultura legumelor n cmp i n solarii, Editura MAST Ruxandra Ciofu, Nistor Stan, Victor Popescu, Pelaghia Chilom, Silviu Apahidean, Arsenie Horgo, 2003 - Tratat de legumicultur, Editura Ceres Voican V, Lacatus V., 2001 - Cultura protejata a legumelor in sere si solarii, Editura Ceres, Bucuresti, 2001; Catalogul Oficial al Soiurilor de Legume al Comisiei Europene, 2006; Lacatus V., V. Voican, Oana Ciocirlan, Matilda Chelu, I. Iordan, 2000 Producerea legumelor cu continut minim de nitrati. Anale Bioterra, vol. V, p.55-60. Baicu T, Savescu A, 1986 Sisteme de combatere integrata a bolilor si daunatorilor pe culturi, Editura Ceres, Bucuresti; Costache M, Roman T., 2001 Ghid pentru recunoasterea si combaterea agentilor patogeni si daunatorilor la legume; www.heirloomseeds.com www.homegrowntomatoes.com