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Visual Basic & ADO Tutorial

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This tutorial describes how you can use ADO objects in VB6. Now days, almost any time you write full fledged database application you will want to use ADO. Along with this, as your applications become more and more complex you will probably not want to rely on Visual Basic's data controls, but instead use the ADO objects directly. Read on to find out exactly how this can be done. Originally Written By TheVBProgramer.

The "Alphabet Soup" of Database Access

Prior to VB6 and the introduction of ADO (ActiveX Data Objects), VB programmers would generally use DAO (Data Access Objects) to interact with local databases such as MS Access and use RDO (Remote Data Objects) to interact with client/server databases such as Oracle and SQL Server. The concept behind Visual Basic ADO was Universal Data Access (UDA), where one database

access method could be used for any data source; it was designed to replace both DAO and RDO. DAO remains a viable technology for interacting with MS Access databases as it is faster than ADO for that purpose; however, ADO is more flexible using ADO, one could develop a prototype database application using MS Access in the back-end, and with a "flick of the wrist" (i.e., with very little coding changes) "upsize" that same application to use Oracle or SQL Server. As far as RDO is concerned, no new versions of it have been developed beyond the version that shipped with Visual Basic, and there are no future plans for it.

In the VB4 and VB5 worlds, RDO was the main method used to interact with client/server databases. RDO works perfectly fine with VB6, so when folks migrated their VB5 applications over to VB6, little or no coding changes were required. However, ADO is the preferred method of database access for new VB6 applications .

About this Tutorial

This tutorial presents three small sample applications using ADO. All three applications use a local MS Access database. The first sample application introduces the ADO Data Control (ADODC) which demonstrates a "quick and dirty" way to connect to a remote database. The second and third applications use ADO code: the second allows navigation and searching of a database table; the third allows navigation and updating on a database table. All three connect to an ODBC Data Source, which must be set up through the Windows Control Panel. How to do this is described below.

Note: If you have previously set up a DSN for the Biblio database as described in the previous topic on RDO, you can skip the section on setting up an ODBC data source and resume here.

Setting Up an ODBC Data Source

Follow the steps below to set up an ODBC Data Source (this process is also called "setting up a DSN", where "DSN" stands for "Data Source Name"). These steps assume Windows 2000 for the operating system. On other versions of Windows, some steps may vary slightly.

Via Windows Control Panel, double-click on Administrative Tools, then Data Sources (ODBC). The ODBC Data Source Administrator screen is displayed, as shown below. Click on the System DSN tab.

Click the Add button. The Create New Data Source dialog box will appear. Select Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb) from the list and click the Finish button.

The ODBC Microsoft Access Setup dialog box will appear. For Data Source Name, type Biblio. If desired, you can type an entry for Description, but this is not required.

Click the Select button. The Select Database dialog box appears. On a default installation of VB6 or Visual Studio 6, the BIBLIO.MDB sample database should reside in the

folder C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\VB98. Navigate to that folder, select BIBLIO.MDB from the file list, and click OK.

Note: If VB was installed in a different location on your system, navigate to the appropriate folder. If you do not have the BIBLIO.MDB sample database file on your system at all, you can download it here. In that case, copy the file to the folder of your choice, and navigate to that folder to select the database for this step.

When you are returned to the ODBC Microsoft Access Setup screen, the database you selected should be reflected as shown below. Click OK to dismiss this screen.

When you are returned to the ODBC Data Source Administrator screen, the new DSN should appear as shown below. Click OK to dismiss this screen.

At this point, the Biblio database is ready to be used with RDO in the sample application.

Sample Application 1: Using the ADO Data Control (ADODC)

To build the first sample application, follow the steps below.

Start a new VB project, and from the Components dialog box (invoked from the Project -> Components menu), select Microsoft ADO Data Control 6.0 (SPx) as shown below and click OK.

The ADO Data Control should appear in your toolbox as shown below:

Put an ADO Data Control on your form, and set the properties as follows:

Property Value Name adoBiblio DataSourceName Biblio SQL select * from authors Now put three text boxes on the form, and set their Name, DataSource, and DataField properties as follows:

Name txtAuthor txtAuID txtYearBorn

DataSource adoBiblio adoBiblio adoBiblio

DataF Author Au_ID Year B

Save and run the program. Notice how it works just like the other data control.

Now change the SQL property of the data control to select * from authors order by author and run the program again. Notice the difference.

Change the SQL property back to what it was and add three command buttons to the form, and set their Name and Caption properties as follows:

Name cmdNameOrder cmdYearOrder cmdIDOrder

Caption Order by Name Order by Year Order by ID

Put the following code in the cmdNameOrder_Click event:

adoBiblio.SQL = "select * from authors order by author" adoBiblio.Refresh

Put the following code in the cmdYearOrder_Click event:

adoBiblio.SQL = "select * from authors order by [year born]" adoBiblio.Refresh

Put the following code in the cmdIDOrder_Click event:

adoBiblio.SQL = "select * from authors order by au_id" adoBiblio.Refresh

Save and run the program and see what happens when you click the buttons.

A screen-shot of the sample app at run-time is shown below:

Download the project files for this sample application here.

Sample Applications 2 and 3: Using ADO Code

Note: If you have previously downloaded and set up a DSN for the Property database as described in the previous topic on RDO, you can skip the set up steps below and resume here.

Sample applications 2 and 3 use a database called PROPERTY.MDB and can be downloaded here.

The Property database contains just one table called "Property". The columns of this table are defined as follows:

Column Name PROPNO EMPNO

Data Type Number (Long Integer) Number (Long Integer)

A number that uniquely identifies the p the Primary Key (although it is not defi A number that identifies the real estate system, this would be the foreign key t table (such a table is not present in the

ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP NEIGHBORHOOD HOME_AGE

The street address of the property. The city where the property is located. The state where the property is located The zip code where the property is loc The descriptive name of the neighborh Age in years of the home. (A better tab be the date in which the property was age based on the current date.) BEDS Number (Long Integer) Number of bedrooms in the property. BATHS Number (Single) Number of bathrooms in the property ( indicating 2 bathrooms i.e. 2 full b FOOTAGE Number (Long Integer) The footage of the property. ASKING Number (Long Integer) Asking price of the property in whole d BID Number (Long Integer) Bid amount of the potential buyer in wh SALEPRICE Number (Long Integer) Sale price (amount the property actual Before coding or running sample application 2 or 3, you must set up an ODBC data source as was done for the previous sample application.

Text (20) Text (15) Text (2) Text (5) Text (15) Number (Long Integer)

After downloading the file, move it to the folder of your choice. Then follow the exact same steps as before to set up the DSN, with these two exceptions:

(1) On the ODBC Microsoft Access Setup dialog box, type PropDB for the Data Source Name.

(2) In the Select Database dialog box, navigate to the location where you have placed the PROPERTY.MDB file.

Sample Application 2

To build Sample Application 2, start a new VB project and perform the following steps.

From the Project -> References menu, check Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 2.x (where x is the highest version that you have on your system) and click OK.

This project uses the StatusBar control, so include the Microsoft Windows Common Controls 6.0 (SP6) from the Components dialog box, accessed from the Project -> Components menu.

Create the form shown below. The names of the text boxes in the top frame are shown in the form. Set the Enabled property of the frame to False, which will automatically disable all of the textboxes within it, which is desired because this application does not allow updating of the data. The settings for the other controls are given below.

The navigation buttons have the following properties:

Name cmdMoveFirst cmdMovePrevious cmdMoveNext cmdMoveLast

Caption << < > >>

The text box in the middle of the form has the following properties:

Name MultiLine Locked The command buttons have the following properties:

txtCurrentQuery True True

Name cmdAllData cmdGetData In the "Select Criteria" frame:

Caption Reload All Records Run Query Now

Enab True False

The check boxes are an array: Name chkCriteria(0) chkCriteria(1) chkCriteria(2) The labels are also an array: Name lblCriteria(0) lblCriteria(1) lblCriteria(2) The textboxes are also an array: Name txtCriteria(0) txtCriteria(1) txtCriteria(2) Caption EmpNo City State Caption = Like Like Caption EmpNo City State

En Fal Fal Fal

En Fal Fal Fal

Place the StatusBar on the form and set its Style property to 1 sbrSimple.

2. Code the General Declarations section as shown below. Here, two ADO objects, ADODB.Connection and ADODB.Recordset, are defined at the form level.

The ADODB.Connection object represents an open connection to a data source and a specific database on that data source, or an allocated but as yet unconnected object, which can be used to subsequently establish a connection.

The ADODB.Recordset object represents the rows that result from running a query,

Option Explicit

Dim mobjADOConn As ADODB.Connection Dim mobjADORst As ADODB.Recordset Dim mstrSQL As String

3. Code the Form_Load event. Here, the connection object variable mobjADOConn is made available for use by setting it to a new instance of ADODB.Connection. Then, theConnectionString property and the Open method of the ADODB.Connection object are used.

The ConnectionString property takes a string with various arguments delimited by semicolons. When using a DSN as we are in this sample application, you typically need just the DSN name, the user id, and the password. The Open method then opens the connection to the database.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub Form_Load() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

'set up the form and connect to the data source On Error GoTo LocalError 'center the form: Me.Top = (Screen.Height - Me.Height) / 2 Me.Left = (Screen.Width - Me.Width) / 2 ' Connect to the Property database: Set mobjADOConn = New ADODB.Connection mobjADOConn.ConnectionString = "DSN=PropDB;Uid=admin;Pwd=;" mobjADOConn.Open Call cmdAllData_Click

Exit Sub

LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

4. Code the cmdAllData_Click event, which sets or resets the ADODB.Recordset object with a query to display all the rows in the table. The opening of the recordset takes place in the OpenNewRecordset subprocedure, called from this event procedure.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdAllData_Click() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

On Error GoTo LocalError Dim lngX As Long

'select or reload the data to be displayed: mstrSQL = "select * from property" Call OpenNewRecordset 'load data into the text boxes Call DataLoad

' reset the state of the search criteria controls For lngX = 0 To 2 chkCriteria(lngX).Value = vbUnchecked Next Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description

End Sub

5. Create the user-defined subprocedure OpenNewRecordset.

Here, the recordset object mobjADORst is made available for use by setting (or resetting) it to a new instance of ADODB.Recordset.

The CursorLocation property is then set to the built-in constant adUseClient. The term "cursor" refers to the temporary rows of a recordset. The cursor location determines whether the cursor is stored on the client or the server, specified by the values adUseClient and adUseServer, respectively. Server-side cursor (adUseServer) is the default. There are tradeoffs using both types of cursors. Client-side cursors can take a long time to build because the data must be pulled over to the client, but once built, traversing the cursor is usually very fast. Client-side cursors often support more features than server-side cursors (the reason this sample application is using a client-side cursor is because we want to use AbsolutePosition property later, which only works with a clientside cursor). On the other hand, server-side cursors usually build faster but often support fewer features that client-side cursors.

The Open method of the recordset is then executed. The Open method has the following syntax:

RecordsetObject.Open Source, ActiveConnection, CursorType, LockType, Options

The Source argument is an optional variant that evaluates to a valid Command object, SQL statement, table name, stored procedure call, or filename of a persisted recordset.

The ActiveConnection argument is an optional variant that evaluates to a valid Connection object variable name or a string containing connection string parameters.

The CursorType argument is an optional value that determines the type of cursor that the provider should use when opening the recordset. The possible values and their descriptions are given below:

Value adOpenForwardOnly

Description (default) Used to open a forward-only cursor. Forward-only cursors create static only cursor is not directly updateable and can only be scrolled from beginning to

that can be used with this type of cursor). Forward-only cursors offer optimal pe Forward-only cursors are sometimes referred to as firehose cursors. adOpenStatic Used to open a static cursor. A static cursor is a static copy of the data in the da users propagate to the recordset; the recordset never changes. Note: Client sid application) use only adOpenStatic for CursorTypes regardless of which Cursor adOpenDynamic Used to open a dynamic cursor. A dynamic cursor is a "live" recordset, meaning by other users affect the recordset. Dynamic-cursor recordsets support all types are supported by the provider). Dynamic cursors offer the most features of any overhead. adOpenKeyset Used to open a keyset cursor. Keyset cursors are like dynamic cursors, except recordset. The recordset is affected by changes and deletions, however. The LockType argument is an optional value that determines the type of locking that the provider should use when opening the recordset. The possible values and their descriptions are given below:

Description (default) Specifies read-only locking. Records can be read, but data cannot be method used with static cursors and forward-only cursors. adLockPessimistic Specifies pessimistic locking. The provider does what is necessary to ensure s records at the data source immediately upon editing. adLockOptimistic Specifies optimistic locking. The provider locks records only when you call the adLockBatchOptimistic Specifies optimistic batch locking. Records are locked in batch update mode, a required for client-side cursors. The Options argument is an optional Long value that indicates how the Source should be evaluated. The possible values and their descriptions are given below:

Value adLockReadOnly

Description Indicates that the provider should evaluate CommandText as a textual definitio statements. adCmdTable Indicates that the provider should evaluate CommandText as a table. adCmdStoredProc Indicates that the provider should evaluate CommandText as a stored procedu adCmdUnknown Indicates that the type of command in the CommandText argument is not know Typically results in poor performance. adExecuteAsync Indicates that the command should execute asynchronously. adFetchAsync Indicates that the remaining rows after the initial quantity specified in the Cach '---------------------------------------------------------------------adCmdText ------Private Sub OpenNewRecordset() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------Set mobjADORst = New ADODB.Recordset mobjADORst.CursorLocation = adUseClient mobjADORst.Open mstrSQL, mobjADOConn, adOpenStatic, , adCmdText

Value

' display current query txtCurrentQuery.Text = mstrSQL

End Sub

6. Create the user-defined subprocedure DataLoad. This subprocedure gets the data from the recordset and puts each field into a text box. Data from the recordset is accessed via the Fields collection.

The Fields collection in ADO works identically to the Fields collection in DAO. A field can be referenced with or without specifying Fields, either by the field name in quotes or by its ordinal position in the resultset. The field can also be referenced with the bang (!) operator. All of the following would be valid ways of referencing the field "propno":

mobjADORst.Fields("propno") mobjADORst ("propno") mobjADORst.Fields(0) mobjADORst(0) mobjADORst!propno

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub DataLoad() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

'copy the data from the recordset to the text boxes: txtPropNo.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("propno") txtEmpNo.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("empno") txtAddress.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("address") txtCity.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("city")

txtState.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("state") txtZip.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("zip") Call SetRecNum Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description

End Sub

7. Create the user-defined subprocedure SetRecNum. This sub displays the number of the current record at the bottom of the screen. The AbsolutePosition andRecordCount properties of the Recordset are used here.

The AbsolutePosition property specifies the current row in a recordset. Note: For AbsolutePosition to return a valid value with Access (Jet) databases (like the one used in the sample application), the CursorLocation must be set to adUseClient. An invalid value (-1) will be returned if adUseClient is specified.

The RecordCount property the total number of rows in the recordset. Note: RecordCount will not return a valid value with all cursor types (for example, RecordCount will return -1 with a forward-only cursor.) To ensure a valid RecordCount value, use either adOpenKeyset or adOpenStatic as the CursorType for server side cursors or use a client side cursor.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub SetRecNum() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------StatusBar1.SimpleText = "row " & mobjADORst.AbsolutePosition _ & " of " & mobjADORst.RecordCount End Sub

8. Code the events for the navigation buttons as shown below, using the recordset "Move" methods to move to the first, last, next, or previous record, respectively.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdMoveFirst_Click() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

mobjADORst.MoveFirst Call DataLoad Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdMoveLast_Click() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

mobjADORst.MoveLast Call DataLoad Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdMoveNext_Click() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

mobjADORst.MoveNext If mobjADORst.EOF Then Beep mobjADORst.MoveLast End If Call DataLoad Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdMovePrevious_Click() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

mobjADORst.MovePrevious If mobjADORst.BOF Then Beep mobjADORst.MoveFirst End If Call DataLoad Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

9. When one of the check boxes is clicked, the label and text box next to it should be enabled (or disabled, if clicking the check box unchecks it). Note also that the cmdGetData button (the one with the "Run Query Now" caption) should only be enabled if one of the checkboxes is checked.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub chkCriteria_Click(Index As Integer) '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

' disable the 'Run Query Now' button cmdGetData.Enabled = False

'when the user clicks on a check box, enable the label and text 'box that go with it. If chkCriteria(Index).Value = vbChecked Then txtCriteria(Index).Enabled = True lblCriteria(Index).Enabled = True txtCriteria(Index).SetFocus txtCriteria(Index).SelStart = 0 txtCriteria(Index).SelLength = Len(txtCriteria(Index).Text) ' enable the 'Run Query Now' button only if a box is checked. cmdGetData.Enabled = True Else txtCriteria(Index).Enabled = False lblCriteria(Index).Enabled = False End If End Sub

10. After the user has selected which fields to use and entered values in the text boxes, they click the cmdGetData button to create a new recordset with new data. Note that if the user selects (checks) a field, but does not enter search criteria in the corresponding textbox, an error message is generated and the query is not run.

'----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Private Sub cmdGetData_Click() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

'run the query that the user has created On Error GoTo LocalError

Dim blnFirstOne As Boolean blnFirstOne = True mstrSQL = "select * from property where " If chkCriteria(0).Value = vbChecked Then If (txtCriteria(0).Text = "") Or (Not IsNumeric(txtCriteria(0).Text)) Then MsgBox "Employee number is missing or non-numeric. Query not run.", _ vbExclamation, _ "ADO Example" Exit Sub End If blnFirstOne = False mstrSQL = mstrSQL & "empno = " & txtCriteria(0).Text End If If chkCriteria(1).Value = vbChecked Then If txtCriteria(1).Text = "" Then MsgBox "City criteria is missing. Query not run.", _ vbExclamation, _ "ADO Example" Exit Sub End If If blnFirstOne = False Then mstrSQL = mstrSQL & " and" End If blnFirstOne = False mstrSQL = mstrSQL & " city like '" & txtCriteria(1).Text & "'" End If

If chkCriteria(2).Value = vbChecked Then If txtCriteria(2).Text = "" Then MsgBox "State criteria is missing. Query not run.", _ vbExclamation, _ "ADO Example" Exit Sub End If If blnFirstOne = False Then mstrSQL = mstrSQL & " and" End If blnFirstOne = False mstrSQL = mstrSQL & " state like '" & txtCriteria(2).Text & "'" End If OpenNewRecordset 'make sure that the query did not return 0 rows: If mobjADORst.EOF Then MsgBox "Your query (" & mstrSQL & ") returned no records! " _ & "The default query to return all records will now be rerun.", _ vbExclamation, _ "ADO Example" 'reload the form with all the records cmdAllData_Click Else MsgBox "Your query returned " & mobjADORst.RecordCount & " records.", _ vbInformation, _ "ADO Example" 'load data into the text boxes Call DataLoad End If Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description

End Sub

11. Save and run. Note: When entering the "Like" criteria for City and/or State, you can use the wildcard character % to represent any number of characters and the wildcard character _ (underscore) the represent a single character. For example, entering "M%" for the City criteria would return all rows where the city field begins with the letter "M".

Download the project files for this sample application here.

Sample Application 3

Sample Application 3 demonstrates how to add, update, and delete records with ADO.

When the application is first run, the user is prompted to enter a minimum asking price to possibly limit the number of records they want to work with (i.e., "I only want to work with properties that are selling for $200,000 or more). If the user wants to work with all properties, they would simply accept the default of 0 from the prompt. If the user clicks the Cancel button, the application will end.

Once the user has entered the minimum asking price, the main screen of the application is displayed. Initially, the screen is in "browse" mode, where the user can use the navigation buttons to move to the first, previous, next or last record. The data cannot be edited in this mode. If they want to initiate an add or an update, delete a record, or exit the application, they may do so via the appropriate button. Saving or cancelling is not applicable in this mode, so those buttons are disabled.

If the user clicks the Add button, the fields on the screen are enabled and cleared, and the user can enter the information for the new property. All buttons except Save and Cancel are now disabled. After the user has made entries in the fields, he or she would click Save to add the new record to the database table, or, if they changed their mind, would click Cancel to discard the new record. In either case (clicking Save or Cancel) the user is returned to browse mode. When Save is clicked, the application validates the entries and will only save the record if all fields pass edit (otherwise, a message will appear indicating the problem entry and focus will be set to the problem field).

If the user clicks the Update button, the fields on the screen are enabled and the user can modify any or all of the fields (except for the Property Number, which is the primary key of the table). All buttons except Save and Cancel are now disabled. After the user has made modifications in the desired fields, he or she would click Save to update the record to the database table, or, if they changed their mind, would click Cancel to discard the changes. In either case (clicking Save or Cancel) the user is returned to browse mode. When Save is clicked, the application validates the entries and will only save the record if all fields pass edit (otherwise, a message will appear indicating the problem entry and focus will be set to the problem field).

If the user clicks the Delete button, the user is asked to confirm that they want to delete the current record. If they respond Yes, the record is deleted from the database table, and the main screen shows the next record in the table.

To build Sample Application 3, start a new VB project and perform the following steps.

From the Project -> References menu, check Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 2.x Library and click OK.

This project uses the StatusBar control, so include the Microsoft Windows Common Controls 6.0 (SP6) from the Components dialog box, accessed from the Project -> Components menu. Check this item and click OK.

Create the form shown below. The settings for the various controls are given below.

There are nine textboxes in the main frame of the form. The names and MaxLength settings for these are given below:

Name txtPropNo txtEmpNo txtAddress txtCity txtState txtZip txtBeds txtBaths txtAsking

Properties MaxLength: 5 MaxLength: 4 MaxLength: 20 MaxLength: 15 MaxLength: 2 MaxLength: 5 MaxLength: 1 MaxLength: 3 (allows fractional amount, like 1.5) MaxLength: 0 (not specified)

Set up the Command Buttons as follows:

Name cmdMoveFirst cmdMovePrevious cmdMoveNext cmdMoveLast cmdAdd cmdUpdate cmdDelete cmdSave

Caption << < > >> Add Update Delete Save

cmdCancel cmdExit

Cancel Exit

All controls on your form should have their TabIndex property set such that the tabbing order is correct.

Add a Module to the project, name it modCommon, and enter the code shown below. The code contains procedures described as follows:

CenterForm ValidKey ConvertUpper SelectTextBoxText TabToNextTextBox UnFormatNumber Option Explicit

Sub to center a form on the screen Function to validate a keystroke for use in the KeyPress event of a textbox Function to convert an alphabetic character entered in a textbox to uppercase Sub to highlight the text of a textbox when it receives focus. Used in the GotF Sub to "autotab" from one textbox to another when maximum number of char has been reached. Function to strip out non-numeric characters (dollar signs, commas, etc.) from

Public Const gstrNUMERIC_DIGITS As String = "0123456789" Public Const gstrUPPER_ALPHA_PLUS As String = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ,'-"

Public gblnPopulating As Boolean

'----------------------------------------------------------------------Public Sub CenterForm(pobjForm As Form) '-----------------------------------------------------------------------

With pobjForm .Top = (Screen.Height - .Height) / 2 .Left = (Screen.Width - .Width) / 2 End With

End Sub

'----------------------------------------------------------------------Public Function ValidKey(pintKeyValue As Integer, _ pstrSearchString As String) As Integer '-----------------------------------------------------------------------

' Common function to filter out keyboard characters passed to this ' function from KeyPress events. ' ' Typical call: ' KeyAscii = ValidKey(KeyAscii, gstrNUMERIC_DIGITS) '

If pintKeyValue < 32 _ Or InStr(pstrSearchString, Chr$(pintKeyValue)) > 0 Then 'Do nothing - i.e., accept the control character or any key ' in the search string passed to this function ... Else 'cancel (do not accept) any other key ... pintKeyValue = 0 End If

ValidKey = pintKeyValue

End Function

'----------------------------------------------------------------------Public Function ConvertUpper(pintKeyValue As Integer) As Integer '-----------------------------------------------------------------------

' Common function to force alphabetic keyboard characters to uppercase ' when called from the KeyPress event.

' Typical call: ' KeyAscii = ConvertUpper(KeyAscii) '

If Chr$(pintKeyValue) >= "a" And Chr$(pintKeyValue) <= "z" Then pintKeyValue = pintKeyValue - 32 End If

ConvertUpper = pintKeyValue

End Function

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Public Sub SelectTextBoxText(pobjTextbox As TextBox) '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

With pobjTextbox .SelStart = 0 .SelLength = Len(.Text) End With

End Sub

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Public Sub TabToNextTextBox(pobjTextBox1 As TextBox, pobjTextBox2 As TextBox)

'----------------------------------------------------------------------------

If gblnPopulating Then Exit Sub If pobjTextBox2.Enabled = False Then Exit Sub If Len(pobjTextBox1.Text) = pobjTextBox1.MaxLength Then pobjTextBox2.SetFocus End If

End Sub

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Public Function UnFormatNumber(pstrNumberIn As String) As String '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dim lngX As Long Dim strCurrChar As String Dim strNumberOut As String strNumberOut = "" For lngX = 1 To Len(pstrNumberIn) strCurrChar = Mid$(pstrNumberIn, lngX, 1) If InStr("0123456789.", strCurrChar) > 0 Then strNumberOut = strNumberOut & strCurrChar End If Next UnFormatNumber = strNumberOut

End Function

Code the General Declarations section as shown below. Here, as in the previous sample application, two ADO object variables, mobjADOConn and mobjADORst, are defined at the form level, as are some other form-level variables that will be needed.

Option Explicit

Dim mobjADOConn As ADODB.Connection Dim mobjADORst As ADODB.Recordset Private mstrSQL As String Private mdblMinAsking As Double Private mblnUpdatePending As Boolean Private mstrUpdateType As String

Private mavntUSStates As Variant

Code the Form_Load event as shown below. In it, a programmer-defined Sub named GetMinimumAsking is called (that routine is the one that displays the initial prompt to the user to enter the minimum asking price of the properties they want to work with). Then, the variant array mavntUSStates is loaded with the 50 US state abbreviations, needed for validating the state input by the user. This is followed by a call to the CenterForm sub. Then, the ADO connection object (mobjADOConn) is instantiated, its ConnectionString property is set, and the Open method is invoked so that we can use the Property database in the application. This is followed by a call to the programmer-defined Sub GetPropertyData (which runs the query to create the recordset that will be used to browse the Property table records), followed by a call to the programmer-defined Sub SetFormState (which enables and disables controls at the appropriate time).

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub Form_Load() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

' obtain the minimum asking price for the properties to be worked with GetMinimumAsking ' load the array of states to be used for validation mavntUSStates = Array("AK", "AL", "AR", "AZ", "CA", "CO", "CT", "DC", _ "DE", "FL", "GA", "HI", "IA", "ID", "IL", "IN", _ "KS", "KY", "LA", "MA", "MD", "ME", "MI", "MN", _ "MO", "MS", "MT", "NC", "ND", "NE", "NH", "NJ", _ "NM", "NV", "NY", "OH", "OK", "OR", "PA", "RI", _ "SC", "SD", "TN", "TX", "UT", "VA", "VT", "WA", _ "WI", "WV", "WY") 'center the form: CenterForm Me ' Connect to the Property database: Set mobjADOConn = New ADODB.Connection mobjADOConn.ConnectionString = "DSN=PropDB;Uid=admin;Pwd=;" mobjADOConn.Open

Call GetPropertyData

SetFormState False

Exit Sub

LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

Code the GetMinimumAsking Sub, which uses the InputBox function to prompt to the user to enter the minimum asking price of the properties they want to work with. The resulting value is then stored in the form-level variable mdblMinAsking.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub GetMinimumAsking()

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Dim strInputBoxPrompt As String Dim strAsking As String

strInputBoxPrompt = "Enter the minimum asking price (for example, 200000) " _ & "for the properties that you want to work with this session." _ & vbNewLine _ & "To work with ALL properties, leave the default of zero." strAsking = InputBox(strInputBoxPrompt, "Minimum Asking Price", "0") If strAsking = "" Then ' user clicked Cancel button on the input box, so end the app End End If mdblMinAsking = Val(strAsking)

End Sub

Code the GetPropertyData Sub, which builds the SQL to get the property records meeting the minimum asking price condition. The Recordset object is then instantiated, its CursorLocation property is set, and its Open method is invoked to execute the SQL and return the resultset. This is done in a loop in case the resultset does not return any records due to the fact no records in the table met the asking price condition. In that situation, the user is given the opportunity to specify a different asking price value. Following this, the programmer-defined Sub PopulateFormFields is called (which displays the fields from the current record in their corresponding textboxes on the form).

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub GetPropertyData() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

On Error GoTo LocalError Dim blnGotData As Boolean blnGotData = False Do 'select or reload the data to be displayed: mstrSQL = "select propno" _ & " , empno" _ & " , address" _ & " , city" _ & " , state" _ & " , zip" _ & " , beds" _ & " , baths" _ & " , asking" _ & " from property" _ & " where asking >= " & mdblMinAsking _ & " order by propno" Set mobjADORst = New ADODB.Recordset mobjADORst.CursorLocation = adUseClient mobjADORst.Open mstrSQL, mobjADOConn, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic, adCmdText If mobjADORst.EOF Then If MsgBox("There are no properties with an asking price >= " _ & Format$(mdblMinAsking, "Currency") _ & ". Do you want to try again with a different value?", _ vbYesNo + vbQuestion, _ "Asking Price") _ = vbYes Then GetMinimumAsking Else End End If Else

blnGotData = True End If Loop Until blnGotData 'load data into the text boxes Call PopulateFormFields Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description

End Sub

Code the PopulateFormFields Sub, which assigns the fields from the current record to their corresponding textboxes on the form. Note that the gblnPopulating Boolean variable is set to True prior to the assignments and set to False after the assignments. This value is used to control whether or not certain code executes in the event procedures for some of these textboxes. The Sub SetRecNum is then called.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub PopulateFormFields() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

gblnPopulating = True

'copy the data from the resultset to the text boxes: txtPropNo.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("propno") txtEmpNo.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("empno") txtAddress.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("address") txtCity.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("city") txtState.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("state") txtZip.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("zip")

txtBeds.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("beds") txtBaths.Text = mobjADORst.Fields("baths") txtAsking.Text = Format$(mobjADORst.Fields("asking"), "Currency") gblnPopulating = False

Call SetRecNum Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description

End Sub

Code the SetRecNum Sub. This sub is identical to the one used in Sample Application 2. It displays the number of the current record at the bottom of the screen using theAbsolutePosition and RowCount properties of the Recordset object.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub SetRecNum() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------StatusBar1.SimpleText = "row " & mobjADORst.AbsolutePosition _ & " of " & mobjADORst.RecordCount End Sub

Code the SetFormState Sub, which takes in a Boolean argument used to set the Enabled property of the controls on the form. Based on whether the value True or False is passed to this sub, this sub ensures that the textboxes are enabled for adds and updates and disabled for browsing; it also ensures that the various command buttons are enabled or disabled at the appropriate time. This Sub also sets the form-level Boolean variable mblnUpdatePending.

'----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Private Sub SetFormState(pblnEnabled As Boolean) '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

txtPropNo.Enabled = pblnEnabled txtEmpNo.Enabled = pblnEnabled txtAddress.Enabled = pblnEnabled txtCity.Enabled = pblnEnabled txtState.Enabled = pblnEnabled txtZip.Enabled = pblnEnabled txtBeds.Enabled = pblnEnabled txtBaths.Enabled = pblnEnabled txtAsking.Enabled = pblnEnabled

cmdSave.Enabled = pblnEnabled cmdCancel.Enabled = pblnEnabled cmdAdd.Enabled = Not pblnEnabled cmdUpdate.Enabled = Not pblnEnabled cmdDelete.Enabled = Not pblnEnabled cmdExit.Enabled = Not pblnEnabled cmdMoveFirst.Enabled = Not pblnEnabled cmdMoveNext.Enabled = Not pblnEnabled cmdMovePrevious.Enabled = Not pblnEnabled cmdMoveLast.Enabled = Not pblnEnabled mblnUpdatePending = pblnEnabled

End Sub

Code the Form_Unload event. In it, the form-level Boolean variable mblnUpdatePending is tested to see if (well, an update is pending i.e., whether an add or update is in progress). If the user is in the middle of an add or update and then clicks the "X" button on the upper-right corner of the form, they will receive the message that they must save or cancel prior to exiting the application, and the form will NOT be unloaded (because we are assigning a non-zero value to the Cancel argument in

that situation). Provided that an add or update is not in progress, we set the database objects to Nothing and the Unload will complete.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer) '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

If mblnUpdatePending Then MsgBox "You must save or cancel the current operation prior to exiting.", _ vbExclamation, _ "Exit" Cancel = 1 Else Set mobjADORst = Nothing Set mobjADOConn = Nothing End If End Sub

Code the events for the various Textboxes as shown below. The code in these events ensure the following: For all, highlight the text in the textbox when it receives focus. For all but the last textbox, if the maximum number of characters typed into the textbox is reached, auto-tab to the next textbox. Only numeric digits should be entered into the property number, employee number, zip codes, and beds textboxes. Only numeric digits and optionally one decimal point should be entered into the baths and asking textboxes. Force uppercase on the state textbox. When the asking textbox receives focus, the value in there should be unformatted. When the asking textbox loses focus, its value should be formatted as currency.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------' Textbox events '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

' property # Private Sub txtPropNo_GotFocus() SelectTextBoxText txtPropNo End Sub Private Sub txtPropNo_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) KeyAscii = ValidKey(KeyAscii, gstrNUMERIC_DIGITS) End Sub Private Sub txtPropNo_Change() TabToNextTextBox txtPropNo, txtEmpNo End Sub

' emp # Private Sub txtEmpNo_GotFocus() SelectTextBoxText txtEmpNo End Sub Private Sub txtEmpNo_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) KeyAscii = ValidKey(KeyAscii, gstrNUMERIC_DIGITS) End Sub Private Sub txtEmpNo_Change() TabToNextTextBox txtEmpNo, txtAddress End Sub

' address Private Sub txtAddress_GotFocus() SelectTextBoxText txtAddress End Sub Private Sub txtAddress_Change()

TabToNextTextBox txtAddress, txtCity End Sub

' city Private Sub txtCity_GotFocus() SelectTextBoxText txtCity End Sub Private Sub txtCity_Change() TabToNextTextBox txtCity, txtState End Sub

' state Private Sub txtState_GotFocus() SelectTextBoxText txtState End Sub Private Sub txtState_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) KeyAscii = ConvertUpper(KeyAscii) End Sub Private Sub txtState_Change() TabToNextTextBox txtState, txtZip End Sub

' zip Private Sub txtZip_GotFocus() SelectTextBoxText txtZip End Sub Private Sub txtZip_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) KeyAscii = ValidKey(KeyAscii, gstrNUMERIC_DIGITS) End Sub Private Sub txtZip_Change() TabToNextTextBox txtZip, txtBeds End Sub

' beds

Private Sub txtBeds_GotFocus() SelectTextBoxText txtBeds End Sub Private Sub txtBeds_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) KeyAscii = ValidKey(KeyAscii, gstrNUMERIC_DIGITS) End Sub Private Sub txtBeds_Change() TabToNextTextBox txtBeds, txtBaths End Sub

' baths Private Sub txtBaths_GotFocus() SelectTextBoxText txtBaths End Sub Private Sub txtBaths_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) KeyAscii = ValidKey(KeyAscii, gstrNUMERIC_DIGITS & ".") ' if text already has a decimal point, do not allow another ... If Chr$(KeyAscii) = "." And InStr(txtBaths.Text, ".") > 0 Then KeyAscii = 0 End If End Sub Private Sub txtBaths_Change() TabToNextTextBox txtBaths, txtAsking End Sub

' asking price Private Sub txtAsking_GotFocus() txtAsking.Text = UnFormatNumber(txtAsking.Text) SelectTextBoxText txtAsking End Sub Private Sub txtAsking_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) KeyAscii = ValidKey(KeyAscii, gstrNUMERIC_DIGITS & ".") ' if text already has a decimal point, do not allow another ... If Chr$(KeyAscii) = "." And InStr(txtAsking.Text, ".") > 0 Then

KeyAscii = 0 End If End Sub Private Sub txtAsking_LostFocus() txtAsking.Text = Format$(txtAsking.Text, "Currency") End Sub

Code the events for the navigation buttons as shown below, using the resultset "Move" methods to move to the first, last, next, or previous record, respectively. '---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdMoveFirst_Click() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

mobjADORst.MoveFirst Call PopulateFormFields Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdMoveLast_Click() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

mobjADORst.MoveLast Call PopulateFormFields Exit Sub

LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdMoveNext_Click() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

mobjADORst.MoveNext If mobjADORst.EOF Then Beep mobjADORst.MoveLast End If Call PopulateFormFields Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdMovePrevious_Click() '---------------------------------------------------------------------------On Error GoTo LocalError

mobjADORst.MovePrevious If mobjADORst.BOF Then Beep mobjADORst.MoveFirst End If

Call PopulateFormFields Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

Code the Click event for the cmdAdd button. In it, the textboxes are cleared, the SetFormState sub is called (passing it a parameter of True, which will enable the textboxes and the Save and Cancel buttons and disable all the other buttons), set the form-level variable mstrUpdateType to "A" (indicating that an add is pending) and sets focus to the Property Number field. '---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

On Error GoTo LocalError

'clear all the text boxes: txtPropNo.Text = "" txtEmpNo.Text = "" txtAddress.Text = "" txtCity.Text = "" txtState.Text = "" txtZip.Text = "" txtBeds.Text = "" txtBaths.Text = "" txtAsking.Text = "" SetFormState True mstrUpdateType = "A" txtPropNo.SetFocus Exit Sub

LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

Code the Click event for the cmdUpdate button. In it, the SetFormState sub is called (passing it a parameter of True, which will enable the textboxes and the Save and Cancel buttons and disable all the other buttons), set the form-level variable mstrUpdateType to "U" (indicating that an update is pending), disables the Property Number field (because it is the primary key and should not be changed) and sets focus to the Employee Number field.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdUpdate_Click() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

On Error GoTo LocalError

SetFormState True mstrUpdateType = "U" ' being that propno is the primary key, it should not be updatable txtPropNo.Enabled = False txtEmpNo.SetFocus Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

Code the Click event for the cmdSave button. The user would click this button after they have completed entries for an add or update. This sub first invokes theValidateAllFields function, which returns a Boolean indicating whether or not all entries passed their edit checks. If not, we exit the sub and the record is not saved; the user remains in "update pending" mode and has the

opportunity to correct the entries. Provided that validation is successful, the sub proceeds. The mstrUpdateType variable is checked to see whether we are dealing with an add or an update.

If we are dealing with an add, we invoke the AddNew method of the Recordset object. The AddNew method prepares a new row you can edit and subsequently add to the Recordset object using the Update method. After you modify the new row, you must use the Update method to save the changes and add the row to the result set. No changes are made to the database until you use the Update method. (The Update method is invoked after the content of the textboxes has been assigned to the database fields.) If we are dealing with an update, we can just start modifying the fields (provided an appropriate cursor type has been selected) unlike DAO and RDO, ADO does not use anEdit method. Changes made to the current rows columns are copied to the copy buffer. After you make the desired changes to the row, use the Update method to save your changes or the CancelUpdate method to discard them. (If you move on to another record without invoking Update, your changes will be lost.) The content of the textboxes is assigned to the database fields, then the Update method is invoked. The Update method saves the contents of the copy buffer row to a specified updatable Recordset object and discards the copy buffer. The mstrUpdateType variable is checked once again, and if we are dealing with an add, there is some extra work to do. Although the new record has been added, the original resultset still does not contain the new record. The Requery method must be invoked, which updates the data in a Recordset object by re-executing the query on which the object is based. The Find method is then used to position to the new record. The ADO Find method has the following syntax:

RecordsetObject.Find Criteria, SkipRows, SearchDirection, Start The Criteria argument is a String value that specifies the column name, comparison operator, and value to use in the search. Only a single-column name may be specified incriteria; multicolumn searches are not supported. The comparison operator may be ">" (greater than), "<" (less than), "=" (equal), ">=" (greater than or equal), "<=" (less than or equal), "<>" (not equal), or "like" (pattern matching). The value may be a string, floating-point number, or date. String values are delimited with single quotes or "#" (number sign) marks (for

example, "state = 'WA'" or "state = #WA#"). Date values are delimited with "#" (number sign) marks (for example, "start_date > #7/22/97#"). These values can contain hours, minutes, and seconds to indicate time stamps, but should not contain milliseconds or errors will occur. If the comparison operator is "like", the string value may contain an asterisk (*) to find one or more occurrences of any character or substring. For example, "state like 'M*'" matchesMaine and Massachusetts. You can also use leading and trailing asterisks to find a substring contained within the values. For example, "state like '*as*'" matchesAlaska, Arkansas, and Massachusetts. Asterisks can be used only at the end of a criteria string, or together at both the beginning and end of a criteria string, as shown above. You cannot use the asterisk as a leading wildcard ('*str'), or embedded wildcard ('s*r'). This will cause an error. SkipRows is an optional Long value, whose default is zero, that specifies the row offset from the current row (or bookmark row specified by the Start argument, if present) to begin the search. By default, the search will start on the current row. SearchDirection is an optional value that determines in which direction the search is performed. The value is specified by the constants adSearchForward (the default) oradSearchBackward, which equate to values of 1 or -1, respectively. Start is an optional Variant bookmark that functions as the starting position for the search. Note: Unlike DAO, ADO does not have a "NoMatch" property. If the ADO Find method is unsuccessful, the record pointer is positioned at the end of the Recordset. The SetRecNum sub is then be called to display the status bar information about the new record. The SetFormState sub is then called with a parameter of False, which causes the textboxes and the Save and Cancel buttons to be disabled and all other buttons to be enabled. Note that in the statement that assigns the contents of the txtAsking textbox to the asking field of the table, our UnFormatNumber function is used to strip off the non-numeric characters. This is because we are using a display format that includes a dollar sign and commas on the txtAsking control, and an error would occur if we attempted to assign this directly to the asking field, which is defined as numeric.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdSave_Click() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

On Error GoTo LocalError

If Not ValidateAllFields Then Exit Sub

If mstrUpdateType = "A" Then mobjADORst.AddNew Else ' We can just update the fields. No explicit Edit method ' is available or needed. End If 'save the data to the database: mobjADORst.Fields("propno") = txtPropNo.Text mobjADORst.Fields("empno") = txtEmpNo.Text mobjADORst.Fields("address") = txtAddress.Text mobjADORst.Fields("city") = txtCity.Text mobjADORst.Fields("state") = txtState.Text mobjADORst.Fields("zip") = txtZip.Text mobjADORst.Fields("beds") = txtBeds.Text mobjADORst.Fields("baths") = txtBaths.Text mobjADORst.Fields("asking") = UnFormatNumber(txtAsking.Text) mobjADORst.Update

If mstrUpdateType = "A" Then 'after the new record is added, the db must be re-queried 'so that the resultset contains the new record: mobjADORst.Requery ' reposition to the record just added mobjADORst.Find "propno = " & txtPropNo.Text

'display status info about the new record SetRecNum End If Reset: SetFormState False Exit Sub LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description Resume Reset End Sub

Code the Click event for the cmdDelete button. The user is first asked to confirm that they want to delete the record, and if so, the Delete method of the resultset object is invoked, which deletes the current row in an updatable resultset object. The Requery method is then invoked so that the record is removed from the resultset that the user is working with. The Find method is then invoked to position the next record after the deleted one. If it was the last record that was deleted, then we position to the "new" last record using the MoveLast property. PopulateFormFields must then be called to display the contents of the new current record.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdDelete_Click() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

On Error GoTo LocalError 'when the current record is deleted, the current location in the recordset 'is invalid. use the Requery method to re-execute the query and update 'the data. If MsgBox("Are you sure you want to delete this record?", _ vbYesNo + vbQuestion, _ "Delete") = vbNo Then

Exit Sub End If mobjADORst.Delete mobjADORst.Requery ' reposition to one past the record just deleted mobjADORst.Find "propno > " & txtPropNo.Text ' If it was the last record that was deleted, the Find method will ' come back with EOF, in which case we should MoveLast to position ' us to the "new" last record ... If mobjADORst.EOF Then mobjADORst.MoveLast 'load data into the text boxes: Call PopulateFormFields

Exit Sub

LocalError: MsgBox Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description End Sub

The ValidateAllFields function, which returns a Boolean value indicating whether or not all fields have passed validation checks. This function calls upon two "helper" functions: PropertyExists and ValidState. When the user is doing an add, the PropertyExist function is called to see whether or not the proposed Property Number is already being used in the Property table. If so, the user is informed that they can't use that number (because it is the primary key and must be unique) and so they must use a different number. The ValidState routine is called to ensure that the user has entered a valid US state. The code for all three functions is shown below.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Function ValidateAllFields() As Boolean '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

ValidateAllFields = False 'guilty until proven innocent If mstrUpdateType = "A" Then If txtPropNo.Text = "" Then MsgBox "Property # must not be blank.", vbExclamation, "Property #" txtPropNo.SetFocus Exit Function ElseIf PropertyExists Then MsgBox "Property # already exists. Please use a different #.", _ vbExclamation, _ "Property #" txtPropNo.SetFocus Exit Function End If End If If txtEmpNo.Text = "" Then MsgBox "Emp # must not be blank.", vbExclamation, "Emp #" txtEmpNo.SetFocus Exit Function End If If txtAddress.Text = "" Then MsgBox "Address must not be blank.", vbExclamation, "Address" txtAddress.SetFocus Exit Function End If If txtCity.Text = "" Then MsgBox "City must not be blank.", vbExclamation, "City" txtCity.SetFocus Exit Function End If If Not ValidState Then MsgBox "Missing or invalid state.", vbExclamation, "State" txtState.SetFocus Exit Function

End If If txtZip.Text = "" Or Len(txtZip.Text) = 5 Then ' it's OK Else MsgBox "Zip code must either be blank or exactly 5 digits.", _ vbExclamation, _ "Zip Code" txtZip.SetFocus Exit Function End If If Val(txtBeds.Text) = 0 Then MsgBox "Beds must not be zero.", vbExclamation, "Beds" txtBeds.SetFocus Exit Function End If If Val(txtBaths.Text) = 0 Then MsgBox "Baths must not be zero.", vbExclamation, "Baths" txtBaths.SetFocus Exit Function End If If Val(UnFormatNumber(txtAsking.Text)) = 0 Then MsgBox "Asking must not be zero.", vbExclamation, "Asking" txtAsking.SetFocus Exit Function End If ' if we make it here, all fields have passed edit ValidateAllFields = True End Function

'------------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Function ValidState() As Boolean '-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dim lngX As Long Dim blnStateFound As Boolean blnStateFound = False For lngX = 0 To UBound(mavntUSStates) If txtState.Text = mavntUSStates(lngX) Then blnStateFound = True Exit For End If Next ValidState = blnStateFound End Function

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Function PropertyExists() As Boolean '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dim objTempRst As New ADODB.Recordset Dim strSQL As String

strSQL = "select count(*) as the_count from property where propno = " & txtPropNo.Text objTempRst.Open strSQL, mobjADOConn, adOpenForwardOnly, , adCmdText If objTempRst("the_count") > 0 Then PropertyExists = True Else PropertyExists = False End If

End Function

Code the Click event for the cmdCancel button. The user would click this button if, during an add or update, they decide to abandon the operation. Here,PopulateFormFields is called to reset the textboxes to their content prior to the user clicking the Add or Update button, and SetFormState is called with a parameter of False, which causes the textboxes and the Save and Cancel buttons to be disabled and all other buttons to be enabled. '---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdCancel_Click() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

PopulateFormFields SetFormState False End Sub Code the Click event for the cmdExit button, which issues the Unload Me statement to fire the Form_Unload event, which will unload the form and end the application.

'---------------------------------------------------------------------------Private Sub cmdExit_Click() '----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Unload Me End Sub

Download the project files for this sample application here.

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Mon, 08/15/2011 - 00:33 Anonymous (not verified)

hehe
thank you so much .. it is so helping ty

reply

Sun, 06/26/2011 - 21:47 krunalmsheth

Data not save in data base

I have complete my all procedure to add, del., save, move but when i will enter data in form, & i use save command then no error found but data not save in my backend file. i will use array for textbox & data connect through adodb.recordset function in module. I will give right table no in coding for the same form.

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Wed, 06/22/2011 - 02:49 NKaze7 (not verified)

Thanks for the Tutorial!

Thank you for providing this tutorial!! It helped me out in my studies.

reply

Fri, 06/03/2011 - 05:40 Anisul (not verified)

Help With SQL server 2000 and Data source ODBC

Hello Every1, I m a student of a private University in Bangladesh. I m using windows xp. i installed the SQL server 2000. But i can't get connected with Data source ODBC... Can anybody help me or refer me to know Sql Server 2000 installation process and how to connect Data source ODBC. PLease help..

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Fri, 05/20/2011 - 07:24 march11 (not verified)

Setting ADOSB character set

I am reading a few cells from Excell into Access VBA using ADODB. One of the columns in the spreadsheet contain Japanese characters. How can I set the character set to receive these into the VBA variable, now they come in as "??????" ? Thanks

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Fri, 04/29/2011 - 03:36 Anonymous (not verified)

thanhk so much!!!!! :)
thanhk so much!!!!! :)

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Thu, 04/21/2011 - 12:02 MAHI (not verified)

Very helpful tutorial..... it

Very helpful tutorial..... it helps me a lot....

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Tue, 04/12/2011 - 00:02 Anonymous (not verified)

thank u guys!
thank u guys!

reply

Wed, 03/30/2011 - 04:14 BABANGIDA ZACHARIAH (not verified)

i love your effort so far and

i love your effort so far and would like to be as great you are. please can you help send me codes that connects to a database, search for a record(as in login) typed by a user?

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Wed, 02/16/2011 - 04:34 Harshal Pande (not verified)

Exteremely Good
The Tutorial is exteremely good and useful.

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Fri, 02/11/2011 - 03:43 Anonymous (not verified)

tutorial is very helpful.

tutorial is very helpful. but i m having some problems. the ADO control you used in section 1 of this tutorial and you shown three properties i.e. 1 DataSourceName 2 SQL 3 Name the property name is ok but i cannt find the rest of the two properties in property window of ado. kindly help. i also want to know how i can use data reports in vb and how to print them. i m waiting for your favorable reply thanks & regards

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Wed, 02/02/2011 - 17:52 tatatz (not verified)

ado connection
is there another way in connecting access database to a vb program? just the simpler one, thanks for immediate reply(kindly show the codes please.),

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Thu, 01/27/2011 - 08:02 Anonymous (not verified)

PassWord Protected MSAccess

What about password protected access file?

reply

Thu, 01/06/2011 - 23:48 johnpril (not verified)

C*
hi i want to try my self to appreciate programming..but suddenly i encounter some errors with my system,that's whyi try to ask some opinion on how to make good and specific system...

reply

Thu, 01/06/2011 - 23:53 l (not verified)

it ids not quite difficult

it ids not quite difficult if you tyr to make some basic system,you ask some professional people who are more knowledgeble about system...

reply

Sun, 12/12/2010 - 16:34 BJ (not verified)

ado connection problem

I am working on ado example above and had this error message.

run time error 3709 The connection cannot be used to perform this operation. It is either closed or invalid in this context. Vb debugger stop this statement " mobjADORst.Open mstrSQL, , adOpenStatic, , adCmdText " Could you help me this error? Thanks,

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Thu, 01/06/2011 - 03:03 ashraf (not verified)

re: ado connection problem

BJ, follow the check-points: syntax: [recordset object].open [query], [connection object], [..other parameters..] - Have you correctly declared 'connection' and/or 'recordset' object? (example: 'public con as adodb.connection ', 'public rs as adodb.recordset') - Have you used 'set' property of recordset? (example: 'set rs = new adodb.recordset') - Call connection event from your module on form load and open it. (example: con.open) - Open your recordset with valid query. (pre-check by firing your query in database you are using) - Once you have opened the con & rs, DO NOT open it once again anywhere with same name; If there is really a need, declare con1 & rs1... - DO NOT close the con & rs, unless you are unloading form or ending the project. (example: set rs=nothing; rs.close) Regards, Ashraf

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Sun, 12/12/2010 - 17:18 BJ (not verified)

Sorry! I missed
Sorry! I missed activeconnection argument.

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Fri, 11/19/2010 - 00:53 pvk.1977

how to write a code for subreport crystal report 9

hi.. i am using vb6,sql2000 and crystal report 9 my task is application should display the report the report has sub report butit won't display the sub report but it is no problem for main report. the sample code here Private oAPP As New CRAXDRT.Application Private oReport As New CRAXDRT.Report private db as new adodb.connection private RS as new adodb.recordset private sub connection master() ' here dabae connectivity recordset connectivty has been coded end sub Private Sub cmd_Click() Set oReport = oAPP.OpenReport(app.path + "\Reports\Employeeservicedetail.rpt") oReport.DisplayProgressDialog = True DoEvents oReport.DiscardSavedData oReport.ReportTitle = rptTitle oReport.Database.SetDataSource RS, 3, 1 oReport.Database.Verify end sub in the cmd_click event report display coding as been coded but here error will be displayed when run this application so kindly requesting to help me to implement this task and i hope that i will get solution

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Fri, 10/29/2010 - 17:06 Anonymous (not verified)

great tutorial. can u pls help me with my vb6 problem

I have an MSAccess 2000 database as my back-end and i am creating a multi user program to log and chat users from work station to workstation. my problem is if i can't view their messages unless i execute query of my recordset. is there an other way beside requery cuase if i execute a timer query, my datagrid record focus is to the first record. can u please help me?

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Wed, 09/22/2010 - 07:27 ChisuloSC (not verified)

Client server in visual basic 6.0

I need help on the following functions from the client side: Saving,searching,viewing and printing information on the database. Can anybody give me a hint on where I could start from.

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Wed, 09/22/2010 - 03:45 Asjad Athick (not verified)

Database in vb 6.0
Hello, Congrats on the great tutorial. Iam making a program that can look up for peoples names from an access database using the data set Ex: "private db as database" method... In my program, i want to avoid the case sensitive problem.... For Example, if you are searching for the record "Washington" and if you type "Washinton" the real record (i.e Washington) should be displayed... Pls send ur reply thru email.... asjadathick@yahoo.com Thankyou Very Much, Asjad

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Mon, 09/20/2010 - 03:59 Terry Gaudet (not verified)

Great Tutorial on ADO with VB 6

I have literally dozens of resources for programming VB6 and ADO. This is by far the best tuorial I have seen to date. GREAT JOB!!

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Mon, 01/10/2011 - 01:00 baga face. (not verified)

thank you!
thank you!

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Sat, 09/11/2010 - 06:23 renz (not verified)

help
can you teach me how to get and save data using visual basic 6 that is connected in a database (ms access 2007)

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Mon, 09/06/2010 - 06:15 Okado (not verified)

Hi guys, this whole ADO

Hi guys, this whole ADO thing helped me a lot.. just one more thing .. is there any possibility to combine that two activity ( the second and the third one) ? we're currently doing a registration system.. so any one there who have an idea please help us.. thanks. (here's my email synech_doche@yahoo.com ).

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Sun, 08/22/2010 - 02:06 dashang makwana (not verified)

connecting vb and sql DB

how can i connect sql database with visual basic application ?

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Sat, 07/17/2010 - 03:27 Jsmile (not verified)

Help on Vb6.0
hello great friends, pls am a computer science student here in Nigeria, the system here is crap. theories upon theories with no practicals, i wish to build myself personal and am starting with vb6.0, but i dont know where i can get a free ebook or something that is gonna teach me vb6.0 right from scratch. if anyone has any help for me, pls contact me with stormyluvsu@yahoo.com i will be very greatful. thanks

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Mon, 07/05/2010 - 00:42 memer

database using ADODB

#include #include #include panga ur self

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Wed, 06/30/2010 - 21:03 Anonymous (not verified)

great tutorial... hope to

great tutorial... hope to learm from u!!!

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Tue, 06/22/2010 - 05:17 Jitesh (not verified)

Ado Data Control

Hi if you want my form i will send it to your email also do give me your email id

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Mon, 08/09/2010 - 17:50 Sheina (not verified)

Please send me your form!

Can u send me your form? I really need to have some references. Please!

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Fri, 07/16/2010 - 00:00 davidlong (not verified)

thanks
that's a very fascinating work using ADO!please email me your form please for me to learn more. thank you again!

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Fri, 06/25/2010 - 22:13 kaarthick (not verified)

Pls Mail me the full code n form.

Ur Work is excellent!1. I ve More doubts regarding the connectivity. Mail me Pls

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Tue, 06/22/2010 - 04:33 Jitesh (not verified)

Ado Data Control

I have hundreds of records in my database. i have give an id to each data. i want to particularly want to go to that id and continue from there. can you help me with this. eg. i have started updating my records what i have have. and i have updated 100 records for the day i.e.1 to 100. now the next day i want to start from 101 onwards and continue. can you give me the code

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Sat, 07/10/2010 - 00:40 Noli M. (not verified)

hi Jitesh your question is not too clear

but maybe this could help. you are trying to continue to count the id in ascending order or from 1 to 100 then it will followed by 101 right? if that so. here is the idea private sub cmdaddnew_click() rs.movelast txtID = rs!id + 1 rs.addnew rs!list of fields rs.update end sub hope this could help.

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Tue, 06/15/2010 - 07:47 Neptunetech (not verified)

Excellent one!
This is really a good one and that really helped me to complete my hobby project in VB which involves lot of DB interactions, with the view that I am a biginner to VB.

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Tue, 05/11/2010 - 10:03 dagdunath (not verified)

about vb notes
ss hellow...........sir, i like vb 6.0 programing lg. also this notes have helpsus for everyone vb programer.

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Mon, 04/19/2010 - 00:56 aladino43 (not verified)

Using MS SQL 2000 - later version

This is very excellent article for a client server application using the ODBC. But i still have some inquiry that I hope you could provide resources. I am planning to work out a client server application that will operate in a certain local network connection using MS SQL Server Ver 2000 or later version. My biggest prob is on how to start with this, considering that I knew already the concept and also the language VB6 but only used to desktop application and this is my first time to local network application. Can you provide me a tutorial for VB6 with MS SQL Server ver 2000 instead of ODBC? It would be appreacited very much. and Thank you for this article it helped me alot. Respectfully, Aladino

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Wed, 04/14/2010 - 12:15 JAVVAD (not verified)

Thank u..
This is the best tutorial ...,thank you very much

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Wed, 03/31/2010 - 14:53 Alex (not verified)

INDEX HELP
Hi, my friend, your info its good, im from mexico, and i want to know how to ad an index on my form, cause i want to put the name in a text box and the other information like email and other things for that name apears in others text items can you help me ??? thanks.

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Mon, 03/29/2010 - 22:45 ibud (not verified)

Database and VB
Thanks for your tutorial, I am planning to make any program with database to replace my Access program. It,s helpfull. Thanks

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Fri, 03/19/2010 - 03:05 Ab125

sub menu code in vb6.0

i need submenu code in vb6.0. i have designed a structure in vb6.0 as notepad; but i can not access open,save, save as, cut, copy many other submenu command. If you have solution than mail me. my Id is : abhishekspjc@gmail.com Respectfully, Abhishek kumar

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Sun, 03/14/2010 - 14:00 Anonymous (not verified)

GREAT JOB
ITS A VERY VERY USEFUL RESOURCE,FOR LOOP CAN BE USED TO CLEAR THE FIELDS AND VARIABLE NAMES ARE SOMETIMES OVERHEAD TO UNDERSTAND. SUPERB TUTORIAL

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Sun, 02/28/2010 - 10:34 Kumar Kartik Chandra Prasad Mahato (not verified)

Wonderful...............
what a tutorial.............

Great job.......... plz email me of some code to search a record(EmpNo)....

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Sat, 02/27/2010 - 12:37 sazky (not verified)

uf.Made. Help a lot Thanks.

uf.Made. Help a lot Thanks. Exelent post

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Sat, 01/30/2010 - 15:05 kolorowanki (not verified)

Very nice information man, I

Very nice information man, I am just starting my project and this will really help me, I will give this a shot, next good job man!!!

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Thu, 01/21/2010 - 08:50 Abo Omar (not verified)

Thanks alot
Hi Thanks alot for fantastic job If possible, please write about DataReport in visual basic Good Bye

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Tue, 01/19/2010 - 03:15 Nikunj (not verified)

Help
i m using Visual Basib 6.0 and and MS-Access database..my database is on Web Server and want to connect tht database from VB...how can i......? plz Help me...

Thanks & Regards, Nikunj

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Tue, 04/13/2010 - 22:16 tobee

Database on Web Server

Nikunj you mean your db is on another pc on your network? If that's the case you have to shared the folder of your MS-Access database. Then you have to map that folder on your local pc and do create your system DSN Connection or try something else like DSN-less connection. Regards. tobz

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Thu, 11/26/2009 - 04:17 Dins (not verified)

Very Good Tutorialssss .....

a very good tutorial and I am proud as you can provide much inspiration for beginners and very helpful. I'm from Indonesia pleased with you and your tutorial helped me a lot. thank you very much. I am a beginner and could I learn from here to learn more. Thanks Didin

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Sat, 10/31/2009 - 10:50 Govind dx (not verified)

Great
Thank you very much.... great......

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Fri, 10/09/2009 - 18:16 NANDAKUMAR PK (not verified)

I really congratulate you

I really congratulate you for writing such a helpful tutorial .

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Sat, 10/03/2009 - 02:28 Anonymous (not verified)

help
i always get an error 445 object doesnt support this action which points to the recodset.update

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Fri, 10/02/2009 - 18:19 Anonymous (not verified)

thank you i understand now

thank you i understand now how ado works.. thank so much for sharing your knowlegde your tutorial is oso great and its easy to understands.. :D

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Tue, 08/04/2009 - 02:24 Anonymous (not verified)

ADO tutorial
Iam so glad i found the right website for the VB6 tutorial it really help me a lot. Thanks a lot. Question: When am going to enable the Reference :Microsoft ActiveX Data Object 2.7 library i have found error: Name conflicts with existing module , project or object library. Please help me what im going to do?

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Mon, 08/03/2009 - 20:47 Novice_Filipino_Programmer (not verified)

...

Great Tutorial, It helped me a lot thank you very much....

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Sun, 08/02/2009 - 01:07 flash17 (not verified)

HELP!!!
can you please help me in my project.. i find it hard to fetch data from my database to populate the fields of my listview box... please send me some codes.. ..by the way that was a great tutorial...very informative..

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Wed, 07/29/2009 - 05:07 Mohit Kumar (not verified)

Kudos
hey thats a great tutorial... great work man..... keep up the good work..

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Tue, 07/07/2009 - 20:03 Vinod Merchant (not verified)

Superb
Cudos! I regret not having seen this before today. I wonder if you have similar articles for C# or May be for VS 2005 etc Congratulations

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Fri, 06/19/2009 - 00:45 ang sarap ng filling mo (not verified)

please send me this file plz

please send me this file plz so i can debug it on may project here's my email flashstrike2001@yahoo.com

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Fri, 06/19/2009 - 00:44 ang sarap ng filling mo (not verified)

please send me this file plz

please send me this file plz so i can debug it on may project here's my email flashstrike2001@yahoo.com

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Sun, 05/10/2009 - 15:42 Saeed_VB6 (not verified)

GREAT!
Hi gReAt WeBsItE & GrEaT tUtOrIaL

VB6 Is Still ALIVE VB6 Is Still Poweful VB6 Has Still Great Performance VB6 Is anything you want...

i'm thankful.

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Sun, 02/20/2011 - 01:56 Dharmendra M B (not verified)

Help

As I'm a Diploma in Computer Science student doing my final Sem.. I'm doing a project on LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM... So please help me sir in preparing me it.......

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Sun, 05/10/2009 - 02:51 Piyush Vishvas (not verified)

Thanks for easy vb6 training tutorials

I heartily say thanks to you for such a great tutorial on ADO and Databases. It extremely helped me because you explained it with 3 different examples, which were still all parallel with each other. When I read them fully and practiced with it, then it was easy to understand the theory behind these codes. I am so happy that I found your website for learning vb6 and want to say thank you once again.

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Wed, 04/29/2009 - 07:25 shekar (not verified)

wow..really great article

wow..really great article which explains everything about ADO.Thanks a lot buddy.keep up your good work...

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Mon, 04/27/2009 - 06:01 Anonymous (not verified)

Database?
can anybody please tel me where can i find second database?That is propery Database..I am not able to find that database.

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Sun, 03/21/2010 - 09:48 nelvan (not verified)

katoto...
you may have that.. just go on the MENU bar... look 4 the Add Ins. then, click visual database manager ...then VisData windows appear, choose on the FILE menu...

....NEW --->> then the database sources you may use selection will show, but i recommend you to choose MS-Access Version 7.0 it is easier to manipulate your database, rather than other. thank you, i hope it helps!

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Wed, 04/22/2009 - 21:54 Anonymous (not verified)

VB6
Hi, Why visual basic can't recognized the access 2000 file format? Help me pls.. ThankYou!!

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Mon, 04/20/2009 - 12:44 Paddy (not verified)

Very useful tutorial

This is a great tutorial!It helped me to finally understand ADO with databases.Thank you very much.

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