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Weight of moving object

Weight of stationary
object

Length of moving object

Length of stationary
object

Area of moving object

Area of stationary object

Volume of moving
object

Volume of stationary
object

Speed

Force (Intensity)

Contradiction Matrix

10

29, 17,
38, 34

29, 2,
40, 28

Weight of moving object

Weight of stationary
object

15, 8,
29,34

Length of moving object

Area of moving object

14, 15,
18, 4

17, 7,
10, 40

2, 17,
29, 4

35, 28,
40, 29

15, 17,
4

Length of stationary
object

8, 15,
29, 34

10, 1,
29, 35

Area of stationary object

Volume of moving
object
Volume of stationary
object

2, 26,
29, 40

26, 7,
9, 39

7, 14,
17, 4

1, 7, 4,
17

7
8
9

Speed

30, 2,
14, 18
-

1, 7, 4,
35

35, 10,
35, 8,
19, 14
19, 14
2, 14
2, 28,
13, 14,
29, 30,
13, 38
8
34

35, 30,
13, 2
-

7, 17,
4, 35
-

7, 29,
34

2, 8, 8, 10,
15, 38 18, 37
5, 35,
8, 10,
14, 2
19, 35
17, 10,
13, 4, 8
4
35, 8,
28, 10
2,14
29, 30, 19, 30,
4, 34 35, 2
1, 18,
35, 36
29, 4, 15, 35,
38, 34 36, 37
2, 18,
+
37
13, 28,
+
15, 19
-

6
7
8
9

Illumination intensity

Use of energy by
moving object

Use of energy by
stationary object

Temperature

Duration of action of
stationary object

Duration of action of
moving object

Weight of stationary
object

Strength

Stability of the object's


composition

Weight of moving object

Shape

Stress or pressure

Contradiction Matrix

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

10, 36,
37, 40
13, 29,
10, 18

10, 14,
35, 40
13, 10,
29, 14
1, 8,
10, 29
13, 14,
15, 7
5, 34,
29, 4

1, 35,
19, 39
26, 39,
1, 40
1, 8,
15, 34
39, 37,
35
11, 2,
13, 39

Length of moving object 1, 8, 35

1, 14,
35
10, 15,
Area of moving object
36, 28
10, 15,
Area of stationary object
36, 37
6, 35, 1, 15,
Volume of moving
object
36, 37 29, 4
Volume of stationary
24, 35 7, 2, 35
object
6, 18, 35, 15,
Speed
38, 40 18, 34
Length of stationary
object

2, 38
28, 10,
1, 39
34, 28,
35, 40
28, 33,
1, 18

28, 27, 5, 34,


18, 40 31, 35
28, 2,
10, 27
8, 35,
19
29, 34
15, 14,
28, 26
3, 15,
6, 3
40, 14
40

2, 27,
19, 6
1, 10,
35
2, 10,
19, 30

6, 29,
4, 38
28, 19,
32, 22
10, 15,
19
3, 35,
38, 18
2, 15,
16
35, 39,
38
34, 39,
10, 18

19, 1, 35, 12,


32
34, 31
19, 32,
18, 19,
35
28, 1
8, 35,
32
24
3, 25

15, 32,
19, 32
19, 13

9, 14,
2, 13,
6, 35, 4
35
15, 7
10
9, 14,
35, 34,
35, 6, 4
17, 15
38
8, 3, 3, 19,
28, 30, 10, 13, 8, 15,
26, 14 35, 5
36, 2
19
35, 38

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Power

Loss of Energy

Loss of Substance

Loss of Information

Loss of Time

Quantity of substance

Reliability

Measurement accuracy

Manufacturing
precision

Object-affected harmful
factors

Contradiction Matrix

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

12, 36, 6, 2, 5, 35,


18, 31 34, 19 3, 31
15, 19, 18, 19, 5, 8,
Weight of stationary
object
18, 22 28, 15 13, 30
7, 2, 4, 29,
Length of moving object 1, 35
35, 39 23, 10
10, 28,
Length of stationary
12, 8 6, 28
object
24, 35
19, 10, 15, 17, 10, 35,
Area of moving object
32, 18 30, 26 2, 39
17, 7, 10, 14,
Area of stationary object 17, 32
30
18, 39
35, 6, 7, 15, 36, 39,
Volume of moving
object
13, 18 13, 16 34, 10
10, 39,
Volume of stationary
30, 6
object
35, 34
19, 35, 14, 20, 10, 13,
Speed
38, 2 19, 35 28, 38

Weight of moving object

10, 24,
35
10, 15,
35

10, 35,
20, 28
10, 20,
35, 26
15, 2,
1, 24
29
30, 29,
24, 26,
14
30, 26
30, 16
2, 22

13, 26

26, 4
10, 35,
4, 18
2, 6,
34, 10
35, 16,
32 18

3, 26, 1, 3,
18, 31 11, 27
19, 6, 10, 28,
18, 26 8, 3
10, 14,
29, 35
29, 40
15, 29,
28
29, 30,
29, 9
6, 13
2, 18, 32, 35,
40, 4 40, 4
29, 30, 14, 1,
7
40, 11
2, 35,
35, 3
16
10, 19, 11, 35,
29, 38 27, 28

28, 27,
35, 26
18, 26,
28
28, 32,
4
32, 28,
3
26, 28,
32, 3
26, 28,
32, 3
25, 26,
28

28, 35,
26, 18
10, 1,
35, 17
10, 28,
29, 37
2, 32,
10

22, 21,
18, 27
2, 19,
22, 37
1, 15,
17, 24

2, 32

2, 29,
18, 36
25, 28,
2, 16
35, 10,
25
28, 32, 10, 28,
1, 24 32, 25

1, 18
22, 33,
28, 1
27, 2,
39, 35
22, 21,
27, 35
34, 39,
19, 27
1, 28,
35, 23

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Object-generated
harmful factors

Ease of manufacture

Ease of operation

Ease of repair

Adaptability or
versatility

Device complexity

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

Extent of automation

Productivity

Contradiction Matrix

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

22, 35, 27, 28,


31, 39 1, 36
35, 22,
Weight of stationary
28, 1, 9
object
1, 39
1, 29,
Length of moving object 17, 15
17
15, 17,
Length of stationary
object
27
17, 2, 13, 1,
Area of moving object
18, 39 26, 24
22, 1,
Area of stationary object
40, 16
40
17, 2, 29, 1,
Volume of moving
object
40, 1
40
Volume of stationary 30, 18,
35
object
35, 4
2, 24, 35, 13,
Speed
35, 21 8, 1

Weight of moving object

35, 3,
2, 24
6, 13,
1, 32
15, 29,
35, 4
2, 25

2, 27, 29, 5, 26, 30,


28, 11 15, 8 36, 34
2, 27, 19, 15, 1, 10,
28, 11
29
26, 39
1, 28, 14, 15, 1, 19,
10
1, 16 26, 24
1, 35

1, 26

15, 17, 15, 13,


15, 30
13, 16 10, 1

14, 1,
13
1, 18,
36

16, 4
15, 13,
30, 12
32, 28,
13, 12

28, 29,
26, 32
25, 28,
17, 15
35, 1,
26, 24

26, 35
18, 19
2, 26,
35
17, 24,
26, 16

35, 3,
24, 37
1, 28,
15, 35
14, 4,
28, 29
30, 14,
7, 26
10, 26,
34, 2
10, 15,
17, 7
10, 6,
2, 34
35, 37,
10, 2

26

2, 36,
26, 18
2, 35,
16
15, 16
30, 18
29, 26,
10
15, 29 26, 1
4
2, 17,
1
1, 31
26
34, 2, 15, 10, 10, 28, 3, 34,
28, 27
26
4, 34 27, 16

14, 30,
28, 23
23
35, 34,
16, 24

10, 18

16
17
18

Volume of moving
object

Volume of stationary
object

Speed

Force (Intensity)

15

Area of stationary object

14

Area of moving object

13

Length of stationary
object

12

Length of moving object

11

Weight of stationary
object

10

Weight of moving object

Contradiction Matrix

10

18, 13,
1, 28
13, 29,
10, 18
15, 10,
26, 3
26, 39,
1, 40
40, 26,
27, 1

17, 19,
9, 36
35, 10,
36
29, 34,
5, 4
13, 15,
1, 28
1, 15,
8, 35

2, 19, 9

8, 1,
37, 18
10, 36,
Stress or pressure
37, 40
8, 10,
Shape
29, 40
Stability of the object's 21, 35,
composition
2, 39
1, 8,
Strength
40, 15
19, 5,
Duration of action of
moving object
34, 31
Duration of action by
stationary object
36,22,
Temperature
6, 38
19, 1,
Illumination intensity
32
Force (Intensity)

28, 10
35, 1,
14, 16
13, 14,
10, 7
37
15, 14,
28, 26
-

6, 27,
1, 40,
19, 16
35
22, 35, 15, 19, 15, 19,
32
9
9
2, 35, 19, 32,
32
16

19, 10,
15
10, 15,
36, 28
5, 34,
4, 10
2, 11,
13
3, 34,
40, 29
3, 17,
19

1, 18, 15, 9, 2, 36,


36, 37 12, 37 18, 37
10, 15, 6, 35,
35, 24
36, 37
10
14, 4,
7, 2, 35
15, 22
28, 10, 34, 28,
39
19, 39 35, 40
9, 40, 10, 15, 9, 14,
28
14, 7 17, 15
10, 2,
19, 30
35, 34,
38
3, 35,
34, 39,
35, 38
35, 6, 4
39, 18
40, 18
19, 32,
2, 13,
26
10

13, 28,
15, 12
6, 35,
36
35, 15,
34, 18
33, 15,
28, 18
8, 13,
26, 14

36, 35,
21
35, 10,
37, 40
10, 35,
21, 16
10, 18,
3, 14
19, 2,
3, 35, 5
16
2, 28, 35, 10,
36, 30 3, 21
10, 13, 26, 19,
19
6

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

Stress or pressure

Shape

Stability of the object's


composition

Strength

Duration of action of
moving object

Duration of action of
stationary object

Temperature

Illumination intensity

Use of energy by
moving object

Use of energy by
stationary object

Contradiction Matrix

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

18, 21, 10, 35,


11
40, 34
35, 4,
Stress or pressure
+
15, 10
34, 15,
Shape
+
10, 14
Stability of the object's 2, 35, 22, 1,
composition
40
18, 4
10, 3, 10, 30,
Strength
18, 40 35, 40
19, 3, 14, 26,
Duration of action of
moving object
27
28, 25
Duration of action by
stationary object
35, 39, 14, 22,
Temperature
19, 2 19, 32
Force (Intensity)

Illumination intensity

35, 10,
21
35, 33,
2, 40
33, 1,
18, 4

35, 10,
14, 27
9, 18,
3, 40
30, 14,
10, 40
17, 9,
15

13, 17,
35
13, 3,
35
39, 3,
35, 23
1, 35,
32
32, 3,
32, 30
27

+
27, 3,
10

19, 2
19, 3,
27
14, 26,
9, 25
13, 27,
10, 35
27, 3,
26
+
-

10, 30, 19, 13,


22, 40
39
35, 19 2, 19, 6

35, 10,
21
35, 39,
19, 2
22, 14,
19, 32
39, 3, 35, 1,
35, 23
32
30, 10,
40
19, 35,
39
19, 18,
+
36, 40
19, 18,
+
36, 40
32, 35,
19

19, 17, 1, 16,


10
36, 37
14, 24,
10, 37
13, 15, 2, 6,
32
34, 14
32, 3,
27, 4,
13, 19
27, 16
29, 18
19, 35,
35, 19
35
10
2, 19, 28, 6,
4, 35 35, 18
-

32, 30, 19, 15,


21, 16 3, 17
32, 1, 32, 35,
+
19
1, 15

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

Power

Loss of Energy

Loss of Substance

Loss of Information

Loss of Time

Quantity of substance

Reliability

Measurement accuracy

Manufacturing
precision

Object-affected harmful
factors

Contradiction Matrix

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

19, 35,
8, 35,
14, 15
18, 37
40, 5
10, 35, 2, 36, 10, 36,
Stress or pressure
14
25
3, 37
35, 29,
Shape
4, 6, 2
14
3, 5
Stability of the object's 32, 35, 14, 2, 2, 14,
composition
27, 31 39, 6 30, 40
10, 26,
35, 28,
Strength
35
35, 28
31, 40
28, 27,
Duration of action of 19, 10,
moving object
35, 38
3, 18
27, 16,
Duration of action by
16
stationary object
18, 38
2, 14, 21, 17, 21, 36,
Temperature
17, 25 35, 38 29, 31
13, 16,
Illumination intensity
32
13, 1
1, 6
Force (Intensity)

10, 37,
36
37, 36,
4
14, 10,
34, 17

14, 29,
18, 36
10, 14,
36

35, 27

10
10

1, 6

29, 3,
28, 10
20, 10,
28, 18
28, 20,
10, 16
35, 28,
21, 18
19, 1,
26, 17

3, 35,
13, 21
10, 13,
19, 35
10, 40,
36, 22
16
15, 32,
35
29, 10,
11, 3
27
3, 35, 11, 2,
10, 40
13
3, 35, 34, 27,
31
6, 40
3, 17, 19, 35,
30, 39 3, 10
1, 19

35, 10, 28, 29,


23, 24 37, 36
6, 28,
3, 35
25
28, 32, 32, 30,
1
40

1, 35,
40, 18
22, 2,
37
22, 1,
2, 35
35, 24,
13
18
30, 18
3, 27,
18, 35,
3, 27
16
37, 1
3, 27, 22, 15,
3
16, 40 33, 28
10, 26,
17, 1,
24
40, 33
32, 19,
22, 33,
24
24
35, 2
11, 15,
3, 32 15, 19
32

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

Object-generated
harmful factors

Ease of manufacture

Ease of operation

Ease of repair

Adaptability or
versatility

Device complexity

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

Extent of automation

Productivity

Contradiction Matrix

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

13, 3, 15, 37,


36, 24 18, 1
2, 33, 1, 35,
Stress or pressure
27, 18
16
1, 32,
Shape
35, 1
17, 28
Stability of the object's 35, 40,
35, 19
composition
27, 39
15, 35, 11, 3,
Strength
22, 2 10, 32
Duration of action of 21, 39,
27, 1, 4
moving object
16, 22
Duration of action by
22
35, 10
stationary object
22, 35,
Temperature
26, 27
2, 24
35, 19, 19, 35,
Illumination intensity
32, 39 28, 26
Force (Intensity)

1, 28,
3, 25
11
32, 15,
26
32, 35,
30
32, 40,
25, 2
12, 27
1

15, 1, 15, 17, 26, 35,


11
18, 20 10, 18
19, 1,
2
35
35
1, 15, 16, 29,
2, 13, 1
29
1, 28
2, 35, 35, 30, 2, 35,
10, 16 34, 2 22, 26
27, 11, 15, 3, 2, 13,
3
32
25, 28
29, 10, 1, 35, 10, 4,
27
13
29, 15
1

4, 10, 2, 18,
16
27
28, 26, 15, 17, 15, 1,
19
13, 16
19
26, 27

36, 37,
10, 19
2, 36,
37
15, 13,
39
35, 22,
39, 23
27, 3,
15, 40
19, 29,
39, 35
25, 34,
6, 35
2, 17, 3, 27,
16
35, 31
6, 32,
32, 15
13

2, 35
35, 24
15, 1,
32
1, 8, 35
15
6, 10
1
26, 2,
19, 16
2, 26,
10

3, 28,
35, 37
10, 14,
35, 37
17, 26,
34, 10
23, 35,
40, 3
29, 35,
10, 14
35, 17,
14, 19
20, 10,
16, 38
15, 28,
35
2, 25,
16

20
21

Power

22

Loss of Energy

23

Loss of substance

24

Loss of Information

25

Loss of Time

26

Quantity of
substance/the matter

27

Reliability

Length of moving object

Length of stationary
object

Area of moving object

Area of stationary object

Volume of moving
object

Volume of stationary
object

Speed

Force (Intensity)

Use of energy by
moving object
Use of energy by
stationary object

Weight of stationary
object

19

Weight of moving object

Contradiction Matrix

10

12,18,2
8,31

12, 28

15, 19,
25

35, 13,
18

8, 36,
38, 31
15, 6,
19, 28
35, 6,
23, 40
10, 24,
35
10, 20,
37, 35
35, 6,
18, 31
3, 8,
10, 40

19, 9,
6, 27
19, 26,
17, 27
19, 6,
18, 9
35, 6,
22, 32
10, 35,
5
10, 20,
26, 5
27, 26,
18, 35
3, 10,
8, 28

1, 10,
35, 37
7, 2, 6,
6, 38, 7
13
14, 29, 10,
10, 39 28,24
1, 26

26

15, 2, 30, 24,


29
14, 5
29, 14,
35, 18
15, 9, 15, 29,
14, 4 28, 11

8, 35, 16, 26,


35
21, 2
-

36, 37
26, 2,
36, 35

17, 32,
13, 38
17, 7,
30, 18
10, 18,
39, 31

35, 6, 30, 6,
38
25
7, 18,
7
23
1, 29, 3, 39,
30, 36 18, 31

15, 35,
2
16, 35,
38
10, 13,
28, 38

30, 26 30, 16

2, 22

26, 32

19, 38
15, 26,
17, 30
35, 2,
10, 31

26, 4, 10, 35,


5, 16 17, 4
15, 14, 2, 18,
29
40, 4
17, 10, 32, 35,
14, 16 40, 4

36, 38
14, 15,
18, 40

2, 5, 35, 16,
10, 37,
34, 10 32, 18
36,5
15, 20,
35, 29, 35, 14,
29
34, 28
3
3, 10, 2, 35, 21, 35, 8, 28,
14, 24
24
11, 28 10, 3

19
20

Use of energy by
moving object
Use of energy by
stationary object

21

Power

22

Loss of Energy

23

Loss of substance

24

Loss of Information

25

Loss of Time

26

Quantity of
substance/the matter

27

Reliability

Stress or pressure

Shape

Stability of the object's


composition

Strength

Duration of action of
moving object

Duration of action of
stationary object

Temperature

Illumination intensity

Use of energy by
moving object

Use of energy by
stationary object

Contradiction Matrix

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

23, 14, 12, 2, 19, 13,


25
29
17, 24
27, 4,
29, 18
22, 10, 29, 14, 35, 32,
35
2, 40 15, 31
14, 2,
39, 6
3, 36, 29, 35, 2, 14,
37, 10 3, 5 30, 40

5, 19, 28, 35,


9, 35 6, 18

19, 24, 2, 15,


3, 14
19
19, 2,
35
35, 32
26, 10, 19, 35,
2, 14, 16, 6,
16
28
10, 38
17, 25
19
19, 38, 1, 13,
26
7
32, 15
35, 28, 28, 27, 27, 16, 21, 36,
1, 6, 13
31, 40 3, 18 18, 38 39, 31
10

37,
36,4
10, 36,
14, 3
10, 24,
35, 19

4, 10,
34, 17

35, 3, 29, 3, 20, 10,


22, 5 28, 18 28, 18
15, 2, 14, 35, 3, 35,
35, 14
17, 40 34, 10 10, 40
35, 1,
2, 35,
11, 28
16, 11
3, 25

10
28, 20,
10, 16
3, 35,
31
34, 27,
6, 40

16, 6,
19, 37
35, 18, 28, 27,
24, 5 12, 31

19
35, 29, 1, 19, 35, 38,
1
21, 18 26, 17 19, 18
3, 17,
34, 29, 3, 35,
39
16, 18
31
3, 35, 11, 32, 21, 11,
36, 23
10
13
27, 19

19
20

Use of energy by
moving object
Use of energy by
stationary object

21

Power

22

Loss of Energy

23

Loss of substance

24

Loss of Information

25

Loss of Time

26

Quantity of
substance/the matter

27

Reliability

Power

Loss of Energy

Loss of Substance

Loss of Information

Loss of Time

Quantity of substance

Reliability

Measurement accuracy

Manufacturing
precision

Object-affected harmful
factors

Contradiction Matrix

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

6, 19, 12, 22, 35, 24,


35, 38,
37, 18 15, 24 18, 5
19, 18
28, 27,
18, 31
10, 35, 28, 27,
35, 20,
+
10, 19
38
18, 38
10, 6
35, 27,
10, 18,
3, 38
+
19, 10
2, 37
32, 7
28, 27, 35, 27,
15, 18,
+
18, 38 2, 31
35, 10
24, 26,
10, 19 19, 10
+
28, 32
35, 20, 10, 5, 35, 18, 24, 26,
+
10, 6 18, 32 10, 39 28, 32
7, 18, 6, 3, 24, 28, 35, 38,
35
25
10, 24
35
18, 16
21, 11, 10, 11, 10, 35,
10, 30,
10, 28
26, 31
35
29, 39
4

34, 23,
16, 18
3, 35,
31
4, 34,
19
7, 18,
25
6, 3,
10, 24
24, 28,
35
35, 38,
18, 16

19, 21,
11, 27
10, 36,
23
19, 24,
26, 31
11, 10,
35
10, 29,
39, 35
10, 28,
23
10, 30,
4
18, 3,
28, 40

+
21, 28,
40, 3

3, 1, 32

32, 15,
2

32, 2

32
16, 34, 35, 10,
31, 28 24, 31
24, 34,
28, 32
13, 2,
28
32, 3,
11, 23

24, 26,
28, 18
33, 30
11, 32,
1

1, 35,
6, 27
10, 2,
22, 37
19, 22,
31, 2
21, 22,
35, 2
33, 22,
30, 40
22, 10,
1
35, 18,
34
35, 33,
29, 31
27, 35,
2, 40

19
20

Use of energy by
moving object
Use of energy by
stationary object

21

Power

22

Loss of Energy

23

Loss of substance

24

Loss of Information

25

Loss of Time

26

Quantity of
substance/the matter

27

Reliability

Object-generated
harmful factors

Ease of manufacture

Ease of operation

Ease of repair

Adaptability or
versatility

Device complexity

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

Extent of automation

Productivity

Contradiction Matrix

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

2, 35, 6

28, 26,
1, 15, 15, 17, 2, 29,
19, 35
35, 38 32, 2
30
17, 28 13, 16 27, 28
19, 35,
1, 4
16, 25
26, 10, 26, 35, 35, 2, 19, 17, 20, 19, 19, 35, 28, 2,
34
10
10, 34
34
30, 34
16
17
35, 32,
35, 3,
2, 19
7, 23
2
1
15, 23
15, 34, 32, 28, 2, 35, 15, 10, 35, 10, 35, 18, 35, 10,
33
2, 24 34, 27
2
28, 24 10, 13
18

19, 22,
18
2, 35,
18
21, 35,
2, 22
10, 1,
34, 29
10, 21,
32
22
35, 22, 35, 28,
18, 39 34, 4
3, 35, 29, 1,
40, 39 35, 27
35, 2,
40, 26

27, 22

35, 33

35

12, 28,
35
1, 6
28, 35,
34
28, 10,
29, 35
28, 35,
10, 23
13, 23,
15

4, 28, 32, 1,
18, 28, 24, 28,
35, 28 6, 29
10, 34
10
32, 10 35, 30
35, 29, 2, 32, 15, 3, 3, 13, 3, 27,
13, 29,
8, 35
25, 10 10, 25
29
27, 10 29, 18
3, 27
27, 17,
13, 35, 13, 35, 27, 40, 11, 13, 1, 35,
1, 11
40
8, 24
1
28
27
29, 38

28, 26,
5, 16
10, 28,
29, 37
17, 1,
39, 4
17, 15,
16, 22
1, 29,
13, 17
1, 17,
13, 12
1, 28,
10, 25
35, 1,
29, 2
1, 19,
26, 24

Force (Intensity)

36

28, 35,
25, 26
28, 35,
27, 9
2, 22,
13, 24
35, 22,
1, 39
1, 27,
36, 13
6, 13,
1, 25
2, 27,
35, 11
19, 15,
29, 16
2, 26,
35, 39

32, 35,
26, 28
28, 32,
Manufacturing precision
13, 18
Object-affected harmful 22, 21,
factors
27, 39
19, 22,
Object-generated
harmful factors
15, 39
28, 29,
Ease of manufacture
15, 16
25, 2,
Ease of operation
13, 15
2, 27
Ease of repair
35, 11
1, 6,
Adaptability or
versatility
15, 8
26, 30,
Device complexity
34, 36
Measurement accuracy

Speed

35

Volume of stationary
object

34

Volume of moving
object

33

Area of stationary object

32

Area of moving object

31

Length of stationary
object

30

Length of moving object

29

Weight of stationary
object

28

Weight of moving object

Contradiction Matrix

10

26, 28,
32, 3
2, 29,
18, 36
27, 2,
39, 35
22, 1,
40

32, 13,
6
32, 23,
2
22, 23,
37, 35
17, 2,
40
13, 29,
1, 40
1, 16,
35, 15
25, 2,
35, 11
15, 35,
29
34, 26,
6

32, 28, 26, 28,


3, 16 32, 3
2, 32, 28, 33,
10
29, 32
22, 1,
1, 18
33, 28
17, 2,
18, 39
15, 17, 13, 1,
27
26, 12
1, 17,
13, 16
3, 18, 15, 13,
31
32
1, 35, 35, 30,
16
29, 7
14, 1,
26
13, 16

16, 40
18, 16,
15, 39
16, 25
15, 16
6, 36

25, 10,
35
34, 39,
19, 27
30, 18,
35, 4
35
4, 18,
39, 31
1

1, 16

28, 13,
32, 24
10, 28,
32
21, 22,
35, 28
35, 28,
3, 23
35, 13,
8, 1
18, 13,
34

32, 2
28, 19,
34, 36
13, 35,
39, 18
35, 28,
1, 40
35, 12

28, 13
35
1, 11,
34, 9
10
35, 10, 15, 17,
14
20
34, 10,
26, 16
28

28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

Stress or pressure

Shape

Stability of the object's


composition

Strength

Duration of action of
moving object

Duration of action of
stationary object

Temperature

Illumination intensity

Use of energy by
moving object

Use of energy by
stationary object

Contradiction Matrix

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

6, 28,
32
32, 30,
Manufacturing precision 3, 35
40
Object-affected harmful 22, 2, 22, 1,
factors
37
3, 35
2, 33,
Object-generated
35, 1
harmful factors
27, 18
35, 19, 1, 28,
Ease of manufacture
1, 37 13, 27
2, 32, 15, 34,
Ease of operation
12
29, 28
1, 13,
Ease of repair
13
2, 4
15, 37,
Adaptability or
35, 16
versatility
1, 8
19, 1, 29, 13,
Device complexity
35
28, 15
Measurement accuracy

6, 28,
32

32, 35, 28, 6,


13
32

28, 6,
32
3, 27,
30, 18 3, 27
40
35, 24, 18, 35, 22, 15,
30, 18 37, 1 33, 28
35, 40, 15, 35, 15, 22,
27, 39 22, 2 33, 31
11, 13, 1, 3,
27, 1, 4
1
10, 32
32, 35, 32, 40, 29, 3,
30
3, 28 8, 25
11, 1, 11, 29,
2, 35
2, 9 28, 27
35, 30, 35, 3, 13, 1,
14
32, 6
35
2, 22, 2, 13, 10, 4,
17, 19
28
28, 15

10, 26, 6, 19,


24
28, 24

6, 1,
32

3, 6, 32

19, 26

3, 32

32, 2

17, 1, 22, 33,


40, 33 35, 2
21, 39, 22, 35,
16, 22 2, 24
27, 26,
35, 16
18
1, 16, 26, 27,
25
13
1
2, 16

1, 19,
32, 13
19, 24,
39, 32
28, 24,
27, 1
13, 17,
1, 24
15, 1,
4, 10
13
27, 2, 6, 22,
3, 35 26, 1
2, 17, 24, 17,
13
13

1, 24,
6, 27

10, 2,
22, 37
19, 22,
2, 35, 6
18
28, 26,
1, 4
27, 1
1, 13,
24
15, 1,
28, 16
19, 35,
29, 13
27, 2,
29, 28

28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

Power

Loss of Energy

Loss of Substance

Loss of Information

Loss of Time

Quantity of substance

Reliability

Measurement accuracy

Manufacturing
precision

Object-affected harmful
factors

Contradiction Matrix

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

26, 32,
27
13, 32,
Manufacturing precision 32, 2
2
Object-affected harmful 19, 22, 21, 22,
factors
31, 2 35, 2
2, 35, 21, 35,
Object-generated
harmful factors
18
2, 22
27, 1,
Ease of manufacture
19, 35
12, 24
35, 34, 2, 19,
Ease of operation
2, 10
13
15, 10, 15, 1,
Ease of repair
32, 2 32, 19
19, 1, 18, 15,
Adaptability or
versatility
29
1
20, 19, 10, 35,
Device complexity
30, 34 13, 2
Measurement accuracy 3, 6, 32

10, 16,
31, 28
35, 31,
10, 24
33, 22,
19, 40
10, 1,
34
15, 34,
33
28, 32,
2, 24
2, 35,
34, 27
15, 10,
2, 13
35, 10,
28, 29

24, 34,
28, 32
32, 26,
28, 18
22, 10, 35, 18,
2
34
10, 21,
1, 22
29
32, 24, 35, 28,
18, 16 34, 4
4, 10, 4, 28,
27, 22 10, 34
32, 1,
10, 25

2, 6, 32
32, 30
35, 33,
29, 31
3, 24,
39, 1
35, 23,
1, 24
12, 35

2, 28,
10, 25
3, 35,
35, 28
15
13, 3,
6, 29
27, 10

5, 11,
+
1, 23
11, 32,
+
1
27, 24, 28, 33, 26, 28,
2, 40 23, 26 10, 18
24, 2, 3, 33, 4, 17,
40, 39
26
34, 26
1, 35,
12, 18
17, 27, 25, 13, 1, 32,
8, 40 2, 34 35, 23
11, 10, 10, 2,
25, 10
1, 16
13
35, 13, 35, 5,
8, 24 1, 10
13, 35, 2, 26, 26, 24,
1
10, 34
32

28, 24,
22, 26
26, 28,
10, 36
+

24, 2
2, 25,
28, 39
35, 10,
2, 16
35, 11,
32, 31
22, 19,
29, 40

Object-generated
harmful factors

Ease of manufacture

Ease of operation

Ease of repair

Adaptability or
versatility

Device complexity

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

Extent of automation

Productivity

Contradiction Matrix

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

3, 33, 6, 35,
39, 10 25, 18
4, 17,
29 Manufacturing precision
34, 26
24, 35,
Object-affected harmful
30
factors
2
Object-generated
31
+
harmful factors

1, 13, 1, 32, 13, 35,


17, 34 13, 11
2
1, 32,
25, 10
35, 23
2, 25, 35, 10, 35, 11,
28, 39
2
22, 31

28

Measurement accuracy

32

Ease of manufacture

2, 5,
13, 16

33

Ease of operation

2, 5, 12

34

Ease of repair

35

Adaptability or
versatility

36

Device complexity

1, 35,
11, 10
1, 13,
31
27, 26,
1, 13

1, 12,
26, 15
15, 34,
1, 16
27, 9,
26, 24

19, 1

27, 35,
10, 34
26, 2,
18
22, 19,
29, 40
19, 1,
31
35, 1, 2, 13, 27, 26,
11, 9
15
1
12, 26, 15, 34, 32, 26,
1, 32 1, 16 12, 17
7, 1, 4, 35, 1,
+
16
13, 11
1, 16,
15, 29,
+
7, 4
37, 28
29, 15,
1, 13
+
28, 37

26, 24, 28, 2,


32, 28 10, 34
26, 28,
18, 23
22, 19, 33, 3,
29, 40
34
2, 21,
2
27, 1
6, 28,
8, 28, 1
11, 1
1, 34,
12, 3
34, 35,
7, 13
27, 34,
1
35
15, 10, 15, 1,
37, 28
24

10, 34,
28, 32
10, 18,
32, 39
22, 35,
13, 24
22, 35,
18, 39
35, 1,
10, 28
15, 1,
28
1, 32,
10
35, 28,
6, 37
12, 17,
28

Volume of moving
object

Volume of stationary
object

Speed

Force (Intensity)

Productivity

Area of stationary object

39

Area of moving object

Extent of automation

Length of stationary
object

38

Length of moving object

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

Weight of stationary
object

37

Weight of moving object

Contradiction Matrix

10

27, 26,
28, 13
28, 26,
18, 35
35, 26,
24, 37

6, 13,
28, 1
28, 26,
35, 10
28, 27,
15, 3

16, 17,
26
26, 24
14, 13,
23
17, 28
18, 4, 30, 7,
28, 38 14, 26

2, 13, 2, 39, 29, 1, 2, 18, 3, 4,


18, 17 30, 16 4, 16 26, 31 16, 35
17, 14,
35, 13,
28, 10
13
16
10, 26, 10, 35, 2, 6, 35, 37,
34, 31 17, 7 34, 10 10, 2

30, 28,
40, 19
2, 35
28, 15,
10, 36

37

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

38

Extent of automation

39

Productivity

Stress or pressure

Shape

Stability of the object's


composition

Strength

Duration of action of
moving object

Duration of action of
stationary object

Temperature

Illumination intensity

Use of energy by
moving object

Use of energy by
stationary object

Contradiction Matrix

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

35, 36, 27, 13,


37, 32 1, 39
15, 32,
13, 35
1, 13
10, 37, 14, 10,
14
34, 40

11, 22, 27, 3, 19, 29, 25, 34, 3, 27, 2, 24,


19, 35,
35, 38
39, 30 15, 28 39, 25 6, 35 35, 16
26
16
26, 2, 8, 32, 2, 32,
18, 1 25, 13 6, 9
19
19
13
35, 3, 29, 28, 35, 10, 20, 10, 35, 21, 26, 17, 35, 10,
1
22, 39 10, 18 2, 18 16, 38 28, 10 19, 1 38, 19

37

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

38

Extent of automation

39

Productivity

Power

Loss of Energy

Loss of Substance

Loss of Information

Loss of Time

Quantity of substance

Reliability

Measurement accuracy

Manufacturing
precision

Object-affected harmful
factors

Contradiction Matrix

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

18, 1,
16, 10
28, 2,
27
35, 20,
10

35, 3, 1, 18,
15, 19 10, 24
35, 10,
23, 28
18, 5
28, 10, 28, 10,
29, 35 35, 23

35, 33, 18, 28,


27, 22 32, 9
24, 28,
35, 33
35, 30
13, 15,
23

3, 27, 27, 40,


29, 18 28, 8
11, 27,
35, 13
32
1, 35,
35, 38
10, 38

26, 24,
22, 19,
32, 28
29, 28
28, 26, 28, 26,
2, 33
10, 34 18, 23
1, 10, 18, 10, 22, 35,
34, 28 32, 1 13, 24

37

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

38

Extent of automation

39

Productivity

Object-generated
harmful factors

Ease of manufacture

Ease of operation

Ease of repair

Adaptability or
versatility

Device complexity

Difficulty of detecting
and measuring

Extent of automation

Productivity

Contradiction Matrix

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

5, 28,
2, 5
11, 29
1, 26, 1, 12,
2
13
34, 3
35, 22, 35, 28, 1, 28,
18, 39 2, 24 7, 10
2, 21

12, 26

1, 15

1, 35, 27, 4,
13
1, 35
1, 32, 1, 35,
10, 25 28, 37

15, 10,
+
34, 21 35, 18
37, 28
15, 24, 34, 27,
5, 12,
+
10
25
35, 26
12, 17, 35, 18, 5, 12,
+
28, 24 27, 2 35, 26

The 40 Inventive Principles


ID

TRIZ Principle

Explanation

Segmentation

Divide an object into independent parts.

Take out

Separate the interfering part or property from an object, or single


out the only necessary part or property.

Local Quality

Change an object's structure from uniform to non-uniform or


change an external environment (or external influence) from
uniform to non-uniform.

Asymmetry

Merging

Bring closer together (or merge) identical or similar objects,


assemble identical or similar parts to perform parallel operations.

Universality

Make a part or object perform multiple functions; eliminate the


need for other parts.

Nested Doll

Place one object inside another; place each object, in turn, inside
the other.

Anti-weight

To compensate for the weight of an object, merge it with other


objects that provide lift.

Preliminary anti-action

If it will be necessary to do an action with both harmful and useful


effects, this action should be replaced with anti-actions to control
harmful effects.

Change the shape of an object from symmetrical to asymmetrical.

10 Preliminary action

Perform, before it is needed, the required change of an object


(either fully or partially).

11 Cushion in advance

Prepare emergency means beforehand to compensate for the


relatively low reliability of an object.

12 Equipotentiality

In a potential field, limit position changes (e.g. change operating


conditions to eliminate the need to raise or lower objects in a
gravity field).

13 Other way around

Invert the action(s) used to solve the problem (e.g. instead of


cooling an object, heat it).

Spheroidality or use of
14
curves

Instead of using rectilinear parts, surfaces, or forms, use


curvilinear ones; move from flat surfaces to spherical ones; from
parts shaped as a cube (parallelepiped) to ball-shaped structures.

Page 21

The 40 Inventive Principles


ID

TRIZ Principle

Explanation

15 Dynamism

Allow (or design) the characteristics of an object, external


environment, or process to change to be optimal or to find an
optimal operating condition.

16 Partial / excessive action

If 100% of an object is hard to achieve using a given solution


method then by using 'slightly less' or 'slightly more' of the same
method the problem may be considerably easier to solve.

17 Another dimension

To move an object in two- or three-dimensional space.

18 Mechanical Vibration

Cause an object to oscillate or vibrate.

19 Periodic action

Instead of continuous action, use periodic or pulsating actions.

20 Continuity of action

Carry on work continuously; make all parts of an object work at full


load, all the time.

21 Skipping (do fast)

Conduct a process, or certain stages (e.g. destructible, harmful or


hazardous operations) at high speed.

22 Blessing in disguise

Use harmful factors (particularly, harmful effects of the


environment or surroundings) to achieve a positive effect.

23 Feedback

Introduce feedback (referring back, cross-checking) to improve a


process or action.

24 Intermediary

25 Self-service

Use an intermediary carrier article or intermediary process.


Make an object serve itself by performing auxiliary helpful
functions.

26 Copying

Instead of an unavailable, expensive, fragile object, use simpler


and inexpensive copies.

27 Cheap short life

Replace an inexpensive object with a multiple of inexpensive


objects, comprising certain qualities (such as service life, for
instance).

28

Replace mechanical system Replace a mechanical means with a sensory (optical, acoustic,
taste or smell) means.
with fields
Page 22

The 40 Inventive Principles


ID

TRIZ Principle

Explanation

29 Pneumatic / hydraulic

Use gas and liquid parts of an object instead of solid parts (e.g.
inflatable, filled with liquids, air cushion, hydrostatic, hydroreactive).

30 Flexible shell, films

Use flexible shells and thin films instead of three dimensional


structures.

31 Porous materials

Make an object porous or add porous elements (inserts, coatings,


etc.).

32 Change color

Change the color of an object or its external environment.

33 Homogeneity

Make objects interacting with a given object of the same material


(or material with identical properties).

34 Discard / recover

Make portions of an object that have fulfilled their functions go


away (discard by dissolving, evaporating, etc.) or modify these
directly during operation.
Change an object's physical state (e.g. to a gas, liquid, or solid).

35 Change parameters
Use phenomena occurring during phase transitions (e.g. volume
changes, loss or absorption of heat, etc.).
36 Use phase transition

Use thermal expansion (or contraction) of materials.


37 Use thermal expansion
Replace common air with oxygen-enriched air.
38 Stong Oxidants
Replace a normal environment with an inert one.
39 Inert Atmosphere
Change from uniform to composite (multiple) materials.
40 Composite materials

Page 23

Example
Replace mainframe computer by personal computers.
Locate a noisy compressor outside the building where
compressed air is used.
Use a temperature, density, or pressure gradient instead of
constant temperature, density or pressure.
Asymmetrical mixing vessels or asymmetrical vanes in
symmetrical vessels improve mixing (cement trucks, cake
mixers, blenders).
Personal computers in a network.
Handle of a toothbrush contains toothpaste.
Measuring cups or spoons.
Inject foaming agent into a bundle of logs, to make it float
better.
Buffer a solution to prevent harm from extremes of pH.

Pre-pasted wall paper.


Magnetic strip on photographic film that directs the
developer to compensate for poor exposure.
Spring loaded parts delivery system in a factory.

To loosen stuck parts, cool the inner part instead of heating


the outer part.
Use arches and domes for strength in architecture.

Page 24

Example
Adjustable steering wheel (or seat, or back support, or
mirror position).
Over spray when painting, then remove excess (or use a
stencil).
Infrared computer mouse moves in space, instead of on a
surface, for presentations.
Electric carving knife with vibrating blades.
Hitting something repeatedly with a hammer.
Flywheel (or hydraulic system) stores energy when a
vehicle stops, so the motor can keep running at optimum
power.
Use a high speed dentist's drill to avoid heating tissue.
Use waste heat to generate electric power.
Automatic volume control in audio circuits.
Carpenter's nailset used between the hammer and the nail.
A soda fountain pump that runs on the pressure of the
carbon dioxide that is used to "fizz" the drinks. This assures
that drinks will not be flat, and eliminates the need for
sensors.
Virtual reality via computer instead of an expensive
vacation.
Use disposable paper objects to avoid the cost of cleaning
and storing durable objects. Plastic cups in motels,
disposable diapers, many kinds of medical supplies.
Replace a physical fence to confine a dog or cat with an
acoustic "fence" (signal audible to the animal).
Page 25

Example
Comfortable shoe sole inserts filled with gel.

Use inflatable (thin film) structures as winter covers on


tennis courts.
Drill holes in a structure to reduce the weight.
Use safe lights in a photographic darkroom.
Make the container out of the same material as the
contents, to reduce chemical reactions.
Use a dissolving capsule for medicine.

Freeze the liquid centers of filled candies, then dip in melted


chocolate, instead of handling the messy, gooey, hot liquid.
Water expands when frozen, unlike most other liquids.
Hannibal is reputed to have used this when marching on
Rome a few thousand years ago. Large rocks blocked
passages in the Alps. He poured water on them at night.
The overnight cold froze the water, and the expansion split
the rocks into small pieces which could be pushed aside.
Fit a tight joint together by cooling the inner part to contract,
heating the outer part to expand, putting the joint together,
and returning to equilibrium.)
Scuba diving with Nitrox or other non-air mixtures for
extended endurance.
Prevent degradation of a hot metal filament by using an
argon atmosphere.
Composite epoxy resin/carbon fiber golf club shafts are
lighter, stronger, and more flexible than metal. Same for
airplane parts.

Page 26

The 39 Design Features


ID
1

TRIZ Feature
Weight of moving object

Explanation
The measurable force, resulting from gravity, that a moving object exerts on the
surface which prevents it from falling. A moving object is one which changes
position on its own as a result of some external force.
The measurable force, resulting from gravity, that a stationary object exerts on the
surface which it rests. A stationary object is one which cannot change position on its
own or as the result of some external force.

Weight of stationary object

Length of moving object

Length of stationary object

The linear measurement of an object's length, height, or width in the direction of the
observed movement of that object. Movement may be caused by internal or
external forces.
The linear measurement of an object's length, height or width in the direction for
which no observed movement occurs.

Area of moving object

The square measurement of any plane or portion of a plane of an object which,


when acted on by internal or external forces, can change position in space.

Area of stationary object

The square measurement of any plane or portion of a plane of an object which,


when acted on by internal or external forces, cannot change position in space.

Volume of moving object

The cubic measurement of an object which can change its position in space when
acted by internal or external forces.

Volume of stationary object

The cubic measurement of an object which cannot change its position in space
when acted by internal or external forces.

Speed

The rate at which an action or process is completed over time.

10

Force (Intensity)

11

Stress or pressure

12

Shape

The capacity to cause physical change in an object or system. The change may be
full or partial, and permanent or temporary.
The intensity of forces acting on an object or system, measured as a force of
compression or tension of a unit area.
The outward appearance or contour of an object or a system. Shape may be full or
partial and permanent or temporary changes due to forces acting on the object or
system.

13

Stability of the object's


composition

The resistance of a whole object or system to change caused by the interactions of


its associated objects or systems.

14

Strength

Under definable conditions and limits, the ability of an object or system to absorb
the effects of force, speed, stress, etc. without breaking.

Duration of action of moving


object
Duration of action by stationary
object

The length of time over which an object that changes position in space is able to
fulfill its function.
The length of time over which an object that does not change position in space is
able to fulfill its function.

17

Temperature

The loss or addition of heat to an object or system during required functions, which
may cause potentially undesirable changes to the object, system or product.

18

Illumination intensity

The ratio of light energy to the area which is being lit by or in a system. Brightness
includes the quality of light, degree of illumination and other characteristics of light.

19

The energy requirements of an object which changes position in space by its own
Use of energy by moving object means or by external forces.

20

Use of energy by stationary


object

The energy requirements of an object which does not change position in space by
its own means or by external forces.

Power

The ratio of the work to the time required to perform that work. Usede to measuree
the required but potentially undesireable changes in power evident in an object or
system under given conditions.

15
16

21

Page 27

The 39 Design Features


ID

TRIZ Feature

Explanation
Increased inability of an object or system to exert force, especially when no work or
product is produced.

22

Loss of Energy

23

Loss of substance

24

Loss of Information

Decrease or elimination of material from an object or system, especially when no


work or product is produced.
Decrease or elimination of data or input from a system.

25

Loss of Time

Increase in the amount of time needed to complete a given action.

26

Quantity of substance/the
matter

The number of elements or the quality of an element used to create an object or


system.

27

Reliability

The ability of an object or system to adequately perform its required function during
some period of time or cycles.

28

Measurement accuracy

The degree to which measurement close to the actual value or the quantity being
measured.

29

Manufacturing precision

The degree of correspondence between elements of an object or system to its


design specification.

30

Externally produced influences acting on an object or system which reduce


Object-affected harmful factors efficiency or quality.

31

Object-generated harmful
factors

Internally produced influences acting on an object or system which reduce


efficiency or quality.

32

Ease of manufacture

Convenience and facility with which an object or system is produced.

33

Ease of operation

Convenience and facility with which an object or system is operated.

34

Ease of repair

Convenience and facility with which an object or system is restored to operating


condition after damage or extensive use.

35

Adaptability or versatility

The ability of an object or system to reshape itself or reorder itself as external


conditions (environment, function, etc.) change.

36

Device complexity

The quantity or diversity of elements forming an object or system, including the


relationships between elements. Complexity may also descibe the difficulty in
mastering the use of an object or system.

37

Difficulty of detecting and


measuring

The quantity and diversity of elements used in measuring and monitoring an object
or system, as well as the cost of measuring acceptable error.

38

Extent of automation

39

Productivity

The ability of an object or system to perform operations without human interaction.


The relationship between the number of times an operation is completed and the
amount of time it takes to do it.

Page 28

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