1.

Which ofthe followingsoiJ organisms can be found living in the root noduklioflegwninous plants?

Item 5 refers to the following diagram of the nitrogen cycle.

~r
(C) (D)

(A)

Viruses Bacteria Nematodes Fungi

L===-.J ..... I-----I

~
-r J

Animal~ues

~refef"tothesimplewebconstructed from organisms found in a small pond. II Mosquito larvae

Algae

1/
2.

~7~r~)
~ Guppies Tilapia Which organism is a predator? (A)
(~,... (e)

IV

s.

~m

Wbich of the following will be active atL? Dentrifying > Nitrifying Nitrogen fixing Putrefying

groups of bacteria

~
(C) (D)

6.

I
[J

If a carbon atom were traced through the following organisms, the order in which it is likely to be detected would be (A) (B) smallbird-e grasshoppee-e lizard 4-plant lizard-e grasshopper-e plant-e small bird gresshopper-eptanr-e-amallbird-e bird 'plant~grasshopper~lizatd4small bird

(D) 3.

III IV

The herbivores are (C) (A)

(8)

(!!!h
4.

(C)

I and II[ only n and V only I, III and IV only u, IV and V only 7.

g-'

Some insects are brightly coloured, but are difficult to spot as they sit on plants. This bright coloration may be important for I. II. III. pollination blending into their environment attracting mares hunting for prey 1and II only J and III only II and III only I, II, III and IV

In multicellular organisms, cells become different from one another in order to carry . out particular functions. This is called

w(B)

(C)
(D)

IY.
(A) (8)

adaptation selection specialization evolution

).P)
(0)

2
8.
If all the trees in a large area afforest were destroyed by disease, what would be the MOST likely effect on the composition of the air in the long term? . tA) The level of carbon dioxide would . decrease. The level of carbon dioxide would increase. I nere would be no change in the composition ofthe air. There would be more oxygen. 12. Which of the following would MOST likely occur ifenzymes were NOT present in living cells?

(A)
(8) (C)

Slow rate of reaction Highrateofreaction Reaction requiring higher temperatures

No reaction

(C.)

(D)

Which of the following combinations correctly shows a gas that is a raw material and a gas that is a product, during photosynthesis.

9.

A mature plant cell is different ture animal cell because

from a ma-

it has
Raw material Product
Nitrogen Nitrogen Carbon dioxide Oxygen vacuole A) B C Oxygen Carbon dioxide OXYgen IJ' Carbon dioxide

(Ay (8)
(C) (0)

a large permanent

mitochondria a nucleus suspended in the cytoplasm a cell membrane

10.

The process which moves food through alimentary canal is called

the

14.

Bile empties into the (A) (B) stomach caecum ileum duodenum

~
(B)

(C)
(D)

digestion mastication peristalsis swallowing

(C)

(Pr

11.

Living organisms feed by using simple inorganic substances or by consuming 'complex organic substances. Which of the following rows correctly shows the type of substances used or consumed by plants, animals and fungi?

Plants (A)
(B) Simple inorganic Simple organic Complex organic Complex

Animals
Complex organic Complex organic Simple inorganic Simple inorganic

Funl!i Complex organic Complex inorganic Complex

(C) @

organic
Simple inorganic

organic

3
Items 15 -16 refer to the figure showing an apparatus used to investigate the process of respiration. 18. Which of the following statements about aerobic and anaerobic respiration is correct?

n
15.
(A) ~B) (C) (D) Heat Carbon dioxide Water

,
(A) (B)

Aerobic Does not use O2

Anaerobh;
I Uses O,

Vacuum flask

Occurs in the cytoplasm (9) Releases large I amounts of energy (D) At least one product is orzanic

I
I

Occurs in the mitochondria Releases small amounts 0 f enerzv Prod uets are a Iwa ys inoraanic

19. 1;;H---Cotlon wool

Whichofthe following comparisons between arteries and veins is NOT correct? Arteries Veins Valves absent Blood flows smoothly Have thin walls Bloodhighin carbon dioxide

H-----Thermometer

@
(B) (C)

(0)
Which of the following products ofrespiration is the apparatus used to show?

Valves present Blood flows in pulses Havethick muscularwalls Blood low in carbon dioxide

Item 20 refers to the following an insect feeding on a plant.

diagram

of

Ethanol

r----------Pbnt~em
r+-'~----Piercing mouth part

16.

On setting up the apparatus, bacteria on peas are killed. This is important so that they will
not

i}Y"""'"---ln:sect

(A) (B) ~ (0)

feed on the peas give offheat use up oxygen use up carbon dioxide 20. The insect MOSTtikely obtains its nutrients from the (A) (B) (0) cambium epidermis phloem

17.

The process responsible for the movement of water upwards in xylem vessels is (A) (8) (0) evaporation transpiration pull osmosis active transport

f;

xylem

4
21.
The molecule used to temporarily store the energy released during the process of res piration is (A) (B)

22.

Which of the following statements aboutcigarette smoking are correct?

r.
II.

ADP DNA
ADH

Results in persistent coughing and shortness of breath. There is destruction ofthe alveolar

(C)

walls.

ATP

m.
IV.
(A) (8)

May result in cancer of the lungs, throat, mouth and oesophagus.

Blood pressure is lowered. l and Il only HI and IV only I, II and !ITonly I, II and IV only

~
(0)

Items 23 - 24 refer to the diagrams below which represent some components of blood.

~ ~

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

In answering items 23 - 24, match each item with one ofthe options above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all. 23. 24. Engultlngdisease-causingorganisms~
Transportofoxygen

5
25. The ureter carries urine from the 30. The human skeleton can bedivided into two parts, the axial skeleton and the append icular skeleton. Whichrowinthetablegroupsbones correctly?

AP
(8)

kidneytothebJadder

collecting tub\llf>to thepelvis

nephrontothecollectingtu bladderoutofthebody bule

(C)
(0)

wal
(A)

skeletou

26.

While the tiltrate passes through the kidney tubule. most of the water moves back into the bloodstream. This makes the filtrate

(8) (C)

r/
(B) (C)

more dilute

darker
more concentrated paler in colour

Pelvic girdle, ribs, femur Humerus, femur, ribs Pelvic girdle, humerus, femur Skull, vertebral column, ribs

Appendkular skeleton Skull. humerus, vertebral column Skull, vertebral column, pelvic girdle Vertebral column,
ribs, skull

Humerus, femur, pelvic girdle

(D)

27.

Which of the following would NOT represent a form of excretion in plants? (A) Water vapour diffusing through

31.

Which of the following types of lens will correct short sightedness?

epidermis Tannins being stored in dead tissue Gases diffusing through stomata Stored calcium oxalate crystals in leaves during leaffall

28.

Which ofthe following adaptations is NOT used to conserve water?

(A) (B) Cuticle thickness Long leaves Small leaves Thoms

in plants

~
29.

Which of the following performed by a rib? L Blood formation ./ Protection

functions

are

IL Ill, IV.
.(fiJ' -"'(8)

Locomotion
Support Iand Il only I and IV only

(C)
~)

II and

m on ly

L!landlVonly

6
32. Which of the followingisNOT involved in the reflex action ofthe body known as the kneejerk reflex? (A) (B) Spinal cord Motorneurone Sensory neuronc Brain 35. The following reactions all take place in the skin.

r.
II. III.

Blood vesselsdilateandconstrict. Glands produce sweat. Hairerectormusclescontract.

(C)

These functions relate to the skin's role as an organ for

(A}

Items 33 - 34 refer to the diagram of the vertebra below.

5J3+
(C) (D)

mechanical protection only body temperature control only both body temperature control and sensitivity to the surroundings mechanical protection, body temperature control and sensitivity to the surroundings

The eye is sometimes referred to as an effector organ because

(A)

(B)

(C)
33.

What type of vertebra is represented?

<J6
(B)

(D)

(C)
(D)

Cervical Lumbar Thoracic Sacral

the pupil constricts in the presence of bright light the rods and cones are stimulated by light images which fall on the retina are sent to the brain neurones from the eye lead to the central nervous system

37.

34.

The structure labelled I allows for the passage of

The diagram below represents the growth curve of a culture of yeast cells. Which section of the graph shows the MOST rapid rate of growth?

~
(B)

(C)
(D)

blood vessels peripheral nerves spinal cord synovial fluid

No. of cells (10000)

Tirnclhr

7
Items 38 -39referto the following information.

Thetablebelowgivestheglucose<:ontentof5cmosamplesofbloodtakenfromten adult patients who were having this test for the first time. Patients were requested not to eat for 12 hours prior to the collection ofthe sample. The resultsofthetestconfirmed that two patients had high glucose levels in the blood, while the blood glucose level was considered within normal limits for the other pati ents.

Patient
!
I

Blood glucose content in mmolllitre 4.0

I

Blood glucose

content in Patient
6 mmolJlitre

18.0 6.0
6.5 4.0

I
2
3

6.5
11.5
3.5 5.0

7 8 9
10

4
5

5.2

38.

The normal range of glucose in the blood is MOST likely (A) (8) 3.5to 18.0 3.5toll.5 3.5to 6.5 3:5 to 4.0

39.

The two patients MOSTlikelysuffering diabetes (high blood glucose) are (A) 3 and 8 3and6 2and6 2and3

from

(9
(D)

(@

(C)

(D)

40.

The reproduction of amoeba by binary fission is an example of asexual reproduction because

(A) (8) the cytoplasm is divided into two equal halves two offspring are produced by one parent the nucleus divides by mitosis the nucleus is not involved in the cell division

<
(0)

8
Items 41 - 42 refer to the following diagrams showing events that occur in the ovary during the menstrual cycle. Items 43 -44 refer to the following diagram which shows part of a flower enclosed in a cloth bag, as part of an investigation being carried out on reproduction in plants.

Cloth bag

(A)

(B)

43.

The cloth bag would NOT prevent

(A)

%
(0)

(8)

wind pollination cross fertilization selffertilization insectpollination

(C)

(D)

To be effective in controlling how the gametes meet, the bag should be put in place (A) (8) afterpollinationbutbeforefertilizatioo before pollination and fertilization after fertilization and pollination before pollination but afterfert ilization

In answering items 41 - 42, match each item with one ofthe options above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all. 41. 42. Ovulation

(C)
(0)

L-

45.

Development of corpus luteum ~

In a particular plant, red and white flowercolour show co-dominance. If two heterozygous (pink) flowers are crossed, the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring is
(A)

(8)

<m)

(C)

all pink I red: I white 3 red: I white I red:2pink: I white

9
46_ Which of the following is an example of continuous variation in humans? (A)
(B)

so_

A bryophyllum leaf, isolated from the parent plant, will generate new plants as seen below,
New plant!

(C) LD)""

Sex/gender Tonguerolling Bloodgroups Adult heights

47_

Natural selection selection because

(A) (8)

differs from artificial Leaf detached

from parent plant

J-<r
(D)

determines the individual with the beneficial trait the environment determines the beneficial characteristics it is a slower process it involves non-random mating

the environment

Which of the following is NOT a feature of this type of reproduction?

(A)

~
Item 48 refers to the following diagram of the cross-section of a fruit of an unknown plant found on the shore of a swamp,
51. Edible seed Air-spaces Poisonous skin L

(0)

Plants are generated quickly, TI!e new plants show great variety. It is a cheap way to obtain plants. One plant can generate hundreds of newplants,

Which of the following statements are true about natural selection? There is variation in the population. There are more offspring than parents, Better adapted organisms survive and reproduce, Species would not change over time. ,,(" I and II only 1/ and III only I, II and IIIonly I,II. IIIand IV

II. III. IV. 48_ Whichofthe following is MOST likely the method of dispersal? (A) (B)

fcr
(O) 49_
(A) (8)

(A)

Animal Water WIIld Mechanical

'\9'
(0)

52_

[fa diploid organism has two different alleles for the same gene, it is described as being homozygous recessive dominant heterozygous

It is possible to change the characteristics of an organism by inserting pieces of DNA (genes) from one organism into the chromosomes of another, This process is called

t{a)
(C)

l<R
(0)

(C)
.)JdIff

cloning genetic engineering genetic variation artificial selection

l
1
53.
Which of the following would NOT contribute to hypertension (high blood pressure)? (A) (H) High salt intake Old age Regular exercise Saturated tats in the diet 56. The graph below represents the antibody level of two individuals, X and Y, who are infected at the same time with the same pathogen.

. <:;;f
(D)

a::tt",j
untts (

/X
:
Time/days Key 0 - Time of infection

54.

Immunization is MOST effective in controlling the spread of a communicable disease if

~
(B) (C) (0)

a vaccine is administered to an uninfected individual serum isadministeredtoan un infected individual a vaccine isadm inistered to an infected individual serum is administered to an infected individual

t o
(A)

1/'

The graph indicates that neither X nor Y will ever be sick again X has been vaccinated against this disease but not Y Y has fewer wh ite blood cells than X Y previously had the disease but not

55.

Which of the following are consequences of disease in man? I. II. III.

direct

(C)
(0)

Loss of man hours and productivity Lossofhumanlife Lossof'livesrock and crops 57. rand II only I and III only II and III only I, II and III

Theterrn 'habitat'

refers to

I('A
(B) (C) (0)

(A)

@b
(C) (0)

an area where several organisms live the area in which a particular organism lives the biological characteristics of an area the physical characteristic of an area

11
Item 58 refers to the diagram below showing four soil samples.

Mixture of humus and clay

Rock

Mixture of sand humus

>-'- " .- .. '.':

~:-:-

...

Mixture of humus, clay and sand

r

. ~ .~ . t~~::..-J)::;:=f="-Earth worms
r'
r

.7.':':'"
~~.$

....

."
<,

.... "':

:.... ..,.~.
:...;.

:'_ ....'

.
-_ ',

58.

In which soil sample will a crop of'lettuce grow BEST?

(A) ~
(C) (0)

I It III
IV

59.

Which of the following are reasons to return glass bottles? I. II. III. IV. Glass is a non-renewable resource. Recycling glass lowers production cost. Raw materials are renewable resources. The energy used in bottle making is non-polluting, I and II only I and IV only II and I1Ionly III and IV only

60.

Which of the following

pollutant? (A) Carbon dioxide Lead Sulphur dioxide

is NOT an air

e (C)
(D)

Nitrogen

(A)
(8)

(0)" (D)