UNIT Window Water Chamber CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall NEIGHBORHOOD Urban Well / Refuge / Watershed

69.3 gallons 45.2 gallons

average household.
[ showers ] [ clothes washer ] [ dishwasher ]

[ dishwasher ]

[ faucets ] change your [ toilets ] [ leaks ] daily indoor water use fixtures. 8.2 gal ] per capita average household. [ dishwasher [ baths ] [ leaks [ faucets ] [ clothes washer ] [ toilets ] 35% household ] 69.3 gallons [ showers ] reduction 18.5 gal [ showers ] [ clothes washer ]

e ciency xtures installed.

[ toilets ] 18.5 gal

[ baths ] [ leaks ] [ faucets ]

[ other ]

[ baths ]

[ other ]

[ other ]

45.2 gallons
daily indoor water use per capita

e ciency xtures installed.

[ showers ]

[ dishwasher ]

[ clothes washer ]

[ toilets ] 8.2 gal

[ baths ] [ leaks ] [ faucets ]

[ other ]

Water Closet Volume History Plumbing Fixtures pre-1978 :: 6+ GPF + 35% household

change your fixtures.

PF

gallons per ush

1 gal

reduction

1978 :: 3.4 GPF

1994 fixture technologies Plumbing :: 1.6-1.3 GPF that reduce water flow are capita/day since 1991. Today, with a population of ov Energy Policy Act of 1992 important role ow toilets) readily available and can play an EPAct (low- in water million, just over 1 billion gallons of water is used in a efficiency plans. Plumbing fixture technology, similar to (high e ciency1toilets; pressure assisted) pre-1978 :: 6+ GPF gal electricity, is a technology that has historically improved Now, in the second decade of the 21st Century, NYC gallons per ush quality of life. The simple flush toilet is seen as one of the passing legislation to further reduce water usage. Fo primary technologies for a modern developed society. ample, Local Law 57 will further restrict the flow rate July 2012 :: 1.28 GPF Plumbing fixtures bring health and safety to communities. most commonly installed plumbing fixtures.4 This new NYC 1978 :: 3.4Code Plumbing GPF preempts EPAct of 2005. Other laws and requiremen (super e ciency toilets) Plumbing fixtures are at the heart of a complex inframay pass after the publication of this manual. It is the structure that both supplies fresh water to the fixture sponsibility of the building team to include these chan 1994 :: 1.6-1.3 GPF and removes waste from the fixture. This vast municipal Energy Policy Act of 1992 EPAct (low-water toilets)in each specific project. ow infrastructure must supply fresh, safe potable (high e ciency toilets; from the point constantly and remove the wastewaterpressure assisted)When developing a water efficiency strategy it is imp of use in the same quick, safe, and efficient way. to realize that water efficiency technologies are base

Water Closet Volume History

+

During the 20th century, overall water use increased July 2012 :: 1.28 GPF dramatically, but Code NYC Plumbingvaries greatly between the United States, Europe, and developing countries. For example currently, (super e ciency toilets)

the number of people in a facility and how many time plumbing fixtures will be used. For example, the use low flow shower systems in a housing facility will redu per capita water consumption in the United States runs as the amount of water used where large populations ta showers each day. Compare this to an office building high as 100 gallons/day (USGS, 2004); in Germany, 34 showers that are rarely used. Specifying low flow sho gallons/day; and in developing countries 5-7 gallons/day, heads in the office building will not reduce the percen just enough to meet basic human needs.1 of building water used to the same extent as in a resi The maximum amount of water used by a plumbing fixture tial building. It is important to use the technologies th

Overview of NYC Water Use System Overview of NYC Water Use System

centralized municipal Water Supply

NY Watersheds NY Watersheds

Reservoirs
Aqueduct

Reservoirs
Aqueduct

Disinfection + Conditioning Disinfection + Conditioning Roof Drain

1 In some limited areas, primarily in the outer boroughs, separate sanitary and storm sewers are 1 available, whichareas, primarily In some limited handle approximately 20% of total volume. in the outer boroughs, separate sanitary and storm sewers are 2 available, which handle approxiDuring wet weather,volume. mately 20% of total increased stormwater runoff exceeds treatment plant capacity causing 2 the combined sewer increased During wet weather, to flow directly to CSO outfall instead stormwater runoff exceeds of to waste treatment plants treatment plant capacity causing Storm Drain the combined sewer to flow directly to CSO outfall instead of to waste treatment plants

Water Tunnel Water Tunnel

Roof Drain

Water Distribution Main

Storm Drain

River
Water Distribution Main 1 Combined Sanitary + Storm Sewer 1 Combined Sanitary + Storm Sewer Sewage Treatment Plant 2 Regulator

River

Sewage Treatment Plant Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Outfall

2 Regulator Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Outfall

Figure 8: Croton Subsystem

012 / Water Conservation Manual

12012 / Water Conservation Manual 12

decentralized WATER SUPPLEMENT [ rainwater + humidity harvesting ]

Scales of Operation
permitted obstructions ( interior ) ( exterior ) [ municipal ] [ supplement ]

UNIT Window Water Chamber

g]

[ ra

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall NEIGHBORHOOD Urban Well / Refuge / Watershed

]

[ fo
[ showers ] [ faucets ] [ clotheswasher ]

[c on

[ toilets ]

de

ns

at

ion

inw at er

PERMITTED OBSTRUCTION

BUILDING RESILIENCE
Because many of New Yorks historic buildings were built before the era of cheap energy and air conditioning, they were designed to utilize available daylight and provide natural ventilation. In fact, access to light and air were required in a series of landmark tenement laws. Since the Second World War, however, New Yorks buildings have become increasingly dependent on electric lights, mechanical equipment and externally supplied energy; in effect, these buildings are on life support. As Hurricane Katrina demonstrated, such buildings quickly become intolerable or uninhabitable when their energy supply goes down. New York City, actually an archipelago with more than 580 miles of coastline, is exceptionally susceptible to ooding and, with precious little margin in electrical power capacity, is vulnerable to power disruptions. New Yorks buildings need to both house the population during emergencies and quickly recover functionality; the threats of climate change and terrorism increases the likelihood that we will need buildings to serve as refuge. Developing resilience at the building scale will complement other efforts, led by the New York Mayors City Ofce of Long-Term Planning and Sustainability, to coordinate the protection of the citys infrastructure, such as the power grid, sewage system, and

interface diagram ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Month_of_Year Avg._Rainfall [ collector shade cavity area ] Humidity [ collector shade surface area ]

Speculated_Yield
[ water collection ] [ optimize in spreadsheet ]

Toilet_Type

Estimated_Use

User_Demand

Tenant_Count zoning permitted obstruction depth

Window_Water_Chamber
water supplement
[ toilets ]

building oor

Exterior_Obstruction Interior_Obstruction

Water_Supplement_Zone

tenant allowance

Collector_Shade Header_Reservoir Supply_Shade Header_to_Sill_Framing

[ reduction ] municipal water supply

Pooky_Chute

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall

select a month ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

sill

Collector_ Shade

[ 4.2] [ 3.2 ] [ 4.3 ] [ 4.2 ] [ 4.3 ] [ 3.8 ] [ 3.9 ] [ 4.1 ] [ 4.0 ] [ 3.7 ] [ 4.1 ] [ 3.9 ] [ 3.98 ] NYC rainfall per month (in) * and sun angles coming soon... Header_to_ Sill_Framing

Collector_ Basin

Supply_ Shade

Pooky_Chute

header

win d ope ow nin g

Month_of_Year Avg._Rainfall [ collector shade cavity area ] Humidity [ collector shade surface area ]

Speculated_Yield
[ water collection ] adsheet ]

add framing ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Exterior_Ob

struction

Collector_Framing

Collector_ Shade

Collector_ Basin

Collector_ Header_to_ Shade Sill_Framing Pooky_Chute Collector_ Basin

Supply_ Shade

win d ope ow nin g

rio Inte r_ tru Obs ctio n

Month_of_Year Avg._Rainfall [ collector shade cavity area ] Humidity [ collector shade surface area ]

Speculated_Yield
[ water collection ] adsheet ]

declare permitted obstructions ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Exterior_Ob

struction

Collector_ Shade

Month_of_Year Avg._Rainfall [ collector shade Collector_ ] cavity area

Speculated_Yield
[ water collection ] [ optimize in spreadsheet ]

Basin Humidity [ collector shade surface area ] Supply_ Shade

Collector_ Shade Pooky_Chute Collector_ Basin

Toilet_Type

Estimated_Use

User_Demand

win d ope ow nin g

In
zoning permitted obstruction depth

n ctio stru r_Ob erio Tenant_Count t

Window_Water_Chambe permitted obstructions

water supplement
[ toilets ]

building oor

Exterior_Obstruction Interior_Obstruction

Water_Supplement_Zone

tenant allowance

Collector_Shade Header_Reservoir Supply_Shade Header_to_Sill_Framing

[ reduction ] municipal water sup

declare permitted obstructions ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Exterior_Ob struction

Collector_ Shade

Month_of_Year Avg._Rainfall [ collector shade Collector_ ] cavity area

Speculated_Yield
[ water collection ] [ optimize in spreadsheet ]

Basin Humidity [ collector shade surface area ] Supply_ Shade

Collector_ Shade Pooky_Chute Collector_ Basin

Toilet_Type

Estimated_Use

User_Demand

win d ope ow nin g

I
zoning permitted obstruction depth

n ctio stru r_Ob erio Tenant_Count nt

building oor

Window_Water_Chambe permitted obstructions

water supplement
[ toilets ]

Exterior_Obstruction Interior_Obstruction

Water_Supplement_Zone

tenant allowance

Collector_Shade Header_Reservoir Supply_Shade Header_to_Sill_Framing

[ reduction ] municipal water sup

select toilet type ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Exterior_Ob

struction

Collector_ Shade

Collector_ Basin

Supply_ Shade
Month_of_Year Avg._Rainfall [ collector shade cavity area ] Humidity ion [ collectorrshade surface area ] uct bst r_O terio

Pooky_Chute

Speculated_Yield w ind [ water collection ] op ow

[ optimize in spreadsheet ]

Reservoir_ Header

enin

In

[ 18.5 ]* [ 8.2 ]* flushing gallons [ 7.68 ]* (per person / day)

* assuming 6 toilet flushes per day

Toilet_Type

Estimated_Use

User_Demand

Tenant_Count

Window_Water_

UNIT Window Water Chamber

[ predicted collection yield for March ]

select supply shade type ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Exterior_Ob

struction

Collector_ Shade

Collector_ Basin

Supply_ Shade [ faceted ]

Pooky_Chute

rio Inte

r_

tru Obs

ctio

Supply_ Shade [ soft ]

adjust shade length ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Exterior_Ob

struction

Collector_ Shade

Collector_ Basin

Supply_ Shade

Pooky_Chute

Reservoir_ Header

In

r_ terio

tru Obs

ctio

Supply_ Shade [ faceted ]

adjust shade length ::

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Exterior_Ob

struction

Collector_ Shade

Collector_ Basin

Supply_ Shade

Pooky_Chute Supply_ Shade [ faceted ]

win d ope ow nin g

rio Inte r_ tru Obs ctio n

connect elements ::
Exterior_Ob struction

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall

Exterior_Ob

struction Exterior_Ob struction

Supply_ Shade Pooky_Chute

Pooky_Chute Supply_ Shade Pooky_Chute

n

rio Inte

r_

tru Obs

ctio

Supply_ Shade

rio Inte

r_

tru Obs

ctio

n tru Obs ctio n

rio Inte

r_

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Window_Water_Chamber

Moisture Harvesting Sails [orientation and projection parameters]

Bi-layer fabric [ OUTER hydrophilic dewetting membrane ] [ INNER hydrophobic runoff mebrane ]

Tubular metal framing [sail + basin coordination]

Facade and Window Framing [sail + basin coordination] Water Chamber Basin [ impermeable surface ]

Water Chamber Basin [width and depth parameters]

OBLIQUE VIEW

OBLIQUE VIEW

UNIT Window Water Chamber

18%

[ blockage ]

35%

FIGS. 3a to 3d show a textured surface inclined to the horizontal plane having hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.

50%

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Window_Water_Chamber

Facade Framing [sail + basin coordination]

Window Framing [Exterior Building Face] Tubular metal framing [sail + basin coordination]

Water Chamber Basin [ impermeable surface ]

MAX. PROJECTION (5-0)

MAX. PROJECTION (5-0)

Water Chamber Basin [ impermeable surface ]

Moisture Harvesting Sails [orientation and projection parameters]

Bi-layer fabric [ OUTER hydrophilic dewetting membrane ] [ INNER hydrophobic runoff mebrane ]

Window Framing [sail + basin coordination] [Window Header]

TOP VIEW

BOTTOM VIEW

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Window_Water_Chamber
Tubular metal framing [sail + basin coordination] Moisture Harvesting Sails [orientation and projection parameters]

Bi-layer fabric [ OUTER hydrophilic dewetting membrane ] [ INNER hydrophobic runoff mebrane ]

[Exterior Building Face]

Facade and Window Framing [sail + basin coordination] [Window Header]

MAX. PROJECTION (5-0)

Water Chamber Basin [width and depth parameters]

[Exterior Building Face]

MAX. PROJECTION (5-0)

Water Chamber Basin [ impermeable surface ]

SIDE VIEW

SIDE VIEW

UNIT Window Water Chamber

Window_Water_Chamber

Moisture Harvesting Sails [orientation and projection parameters]

Bi-layer fabric [ OUTER hydrophilic dewetting membrane ] [ INNER hydrophobic runoff mebrane ]

EQ.

EQ.

EQ.

Tubular metal framing [sail + basin coordination]

Facade and Window Framing [sail + basin coordination]

EQ.

EQ.

EQ.

Water Chamber Basin [width and depth parameters]

Water Chamber Basin [ impermeable surface ]

FRONT VIEW

REAR VIEW

individual window installation ::

Window_Water_Chamber

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall

permitted obstructions ( interior ) ( exterior ) Roof

Floor 05

de on [c at ns io n] [f og ] ai [r ] er at nw

Floor 04

Floor 03

Floor 02

Floor 01

Ground Floor

street-side elevation

section

linked window installation ::

Pookie_Chute Window_Water_Chamber

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall

permitted obstructions ( interior ) ( exterior ) Roof

Floor 05

de on [c at ns io n] [f og ] ai [r ] er at nw

Floor 04

Floor 03

Floor 02

Floor 01

Ground Floor

street-side elevation

section

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall

Pookie_Chute Roof Window_Water_Chamber permitted obstructions ( interior ) ( exterior )

Floor 05

de on [c at ns io n]

Floor 04
[f og ]

Floor 03

Floor 02
ai [r ] er at nw

Floor 01

Ground Floor

building-side elevation

section

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall

CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall

UNIT Window Water Chamber CO-OP Water Harvesting Streetwall NEIGHBORHOOD Urban Well / Refuge / Watershed