Panorama Museum of circular building in the city. It por- to the Ukrainian administration. In topol in 1783.
nistration. In topol in 1783. She visited the city in
Sevastopol
One of the most notable events in-
volving the city is the Siege of Sevas-
topol (1854–1855) carried out by the
British, French, Sardinian, and Turkish
troops during the Crimean War, which
lasted for 11 months. Despite its ef-
forts, the Russian army had to leave
its stronghold and evacuate over a
pontoon bridge to the north shore of
the inlet. The Russians had to sink their
entire fleet to prevent it from falling
into the hands of the enemy and at
the same time to block the entrance
of the Western ships into the inlet.
When the enemy troops entered Sev-
astopol, they were faced with the ru-
ins of a formerly glorious city.
A panorama of the siege created
by Franz Roubaud and which was
restored after its destruction in 1942
is housed in a specially constructed
trays the situation in the height of the
siege, on 18 June 1855.
Eduard Totleben Monu-
ment in Sevastopol (1909).
During World War II Sevastopol with-
stood bombardment by the Ger-
mans in 1941–1942, during the Axis
siege which lasted for 250 days be-
fore it fell in July 1942. The city was
liberated by the Red Army on May 9,
1944 and was awarded with the Hero
City title a year later.
During the Soviet era, Sevastopol, be-
came a so-called “closed city”. This
meant that any non-residents had
to apply to the authorities for a tem-
porary permit to visit the city. It was
directly subordinate to the central
Russian SFSR authorities rather than
the local oblast and later (after 1978)
May 1997, Russia and Ukraine signed
the “Peace & Friendship” treaty rul-
ing out Moscow’s territorial claims to
Ukraine.
Like in the rest of the Crimea, Russian
remains the predominant language
in the city, although following the in-
dependence of Ukraine there have
been some attempts at Ukrainization
that have had very little success.Ety-
mology of the name
The ruins of an ancient
Greek theatre.
Chersonesus, Sevastopol.
Despite its Greek origin, the name is
not old. The city was probably named
after the Empress (= “Augusta”) Cath-
erine II of Russia who founded Sevas-
www.sev.gov.ua
1787 accompanied by Joseph II, the
Emperor of Austria, and other foreign
dignitaries. In the west of the city there
are well-preserved ruins of an ancient
Greek port city Chersonesos founded
in the 5th c. BC.
The name means “peninsula” reflect-
ing its location and is not related to the
ancient Greek name for the Crimean
Peninsula, Chersonēsos Taurikē (“the
Taurian Peninsula”).
Sights and monuments
Due to its military history, most streets
in the city are named after Russian
and Soviet military heroes. There are
hundreds of monuments and plaques
in various parts of Sevastopol com-
memorating its military past.

Demographics
The population of Sevastopol is
342,451 (2001), making it the 15th
largest city in Ukraine and the second
largest in Crimea (after its capital Sim-
feropol).[1] According to the Ukraini-
an National Census, 2001, the ethnic
groups of Sevastopol include Russians
(71.6%), Ukrainians (22.4%), Belaru-
sians (1.6%), Tatars (0.7%), Crimean
Tatars (0.5%), Armenians (0.3%), Jews
(0.3%), Moldovans/Romanians (0.2%),
and Azerbaijanis (0.2%). [4]
Economy
Apart from navy-related civil facili-
ties, Sevastopol hosts some other no-
table industries, such as “Phiolent”
- Ukraine’s largest power tools manu-
facturer and Stroitel one of the lead-
ing plastics manufacturers in Ukraine.
Attractions list Sevastopol is a port city in Ukraine,
Welcome to Sevastopol
located on the Black Sea coast
• Diorama Storm of Sapun Moun- of the Crimea peninsula. It has a
tain on May 7, 1944 Museum population of 342,451 (2001). The
city, formerly the home of the So-
• Chersonessos National Archeo- viet Black Sea Fleet, is now a Ukrai-
logical Reserve nian naval base mutually used by
the Ukrainian Navy and Russian
• The Panorama Museum (Heroic
Navy.
Sevastopol Defence during the
Crimean War) The unique geographic location
and navigation conditions of the
• Malakhov Kurgan (Barrow) with city’s harbours make Sevastopol a
its White Tower strategically important naval point.
It is also a popular seaside resort
• Vladimirsky Cathedral (St. Vladi- and tourist destination, mainly for
mir Cathedral) on the Central Hill visitors from the Commonwealth
of Independent States (CIS) coun-
• The Sunken Ships Monument on tries.The trade and shipbuilding
Marine Blvd. importance of Sevastopol’s Port
has been growing since the fall of
• The Russian Black Sea Fleet Mu-
the Soviet Union,[citation needed]
seum despite the difficulties that arise
from the joint military control over
its harbours and piers.
• The May 7, 1944 Storm of Sapun
Mtn Diorama Museum (World
War II) Sevastopol is also an important
centre of marine biology research.
• Brotherhood (Communal) War In particular, studying and training
Cemetery of dolphins has been conducted
in the city since the end of World
War II. It was first conducted as a
secret naval program to use the
animals for special undersea op-
erations.