4th Monthly Test Reviewer Grade 5 Earth Science the study of the Earth Earth Scientist person who

ho study the earth as a planet 3 Layers of the Earth: 1. Crust outermost/upper layer of the earth -between 4 & 16 km thick under the oceans, about 36 to 64 km thick on continents 2. Mantle below the crust, much thicker layer about 2 800km thick solid rock 3.Core is at the center of the earth and it has a radius of about 3 500 km. - made up of molten rocks - Has 2 parts: a. inner core b. outer core Major Parts of Earths Division: 1. Lithosphere the solid part made up of land, rocks and soil about 29% of the earths surface 2. Hydrosphere liquid part comprising the 71% of the earths surface consist of water in oceans, seas, & glaciers 3. Atmosphere gaseous part, a mixture of gases: nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, & traces of other gases. Rocks have crystals bcoz they contain certain chemical elements. Sample of chemical elements found in rocks: 1. Oxygen 2. Iron 3. Hydrogen 4. Carbon 5. Calcium - When these elements combine = MINERALS Fossils contain the remains of plants and animals found on some rocks. TYPES of ROCKS:

1. Igneous rocks rocks w/c came from very, very hot and melted magma below the earths crust 2. Sedimentary Rocks formed when igneous rocks undergo erosion and their small particles are called sediments - Usually layered and contain fossils 3. Metamorphic Rocks means changed in form - Start either as igneous or sedimentary rocks due to high temperature and pressure changes the rocks into new forms Magma composed of very hot melted minerals. Lava when magma rises to the earths crust, comes out through volcanoes and fissures on the earths surface. Compaction happened when the sediments are pressed and squeezed by the water pressure and the weight of other sediments on top Cementation the process when sediments are also held together by some dissolved minerals like silica ROCK CYCLE rocks undergo a continuous process of change from one type to another type Weathering the process rocks undergo when rocks are exposed to water, air and temperature changes, they break down into smaller pieces Geologist a person who study the earth KINDS Of Water: 1. Freshwater 2. Brackish water

3. Sea water Layers of the Earth Atmosphere: 1. Exosphere 2. Thermosphere/ionos phere 3. Mesosphere 4. Stratosphere 5. Troposphere Thermometer used to measure temperature Barometer used to measure air pressure Typhoon a storm that occurs in Eastern Asia - Wind speed is more than 118km/hr Depression develops when the circulating wind has a speed of 60km/hr or less Storm if the wind speed increases beyond 60 to 118 km/hr the depression becomes storm.