INTRODUCTION

Human Resource Management (HRM) is a core discipline, which deals with managing the work force in such a way as to maximize the output of the organization. It starts with the selection and recruitment of employees, its training and development, maintaining a consistent compensation package for the employees and to take many other initiatives to reduce the absenteeism and to motivate the employees. In the early days employees were treated as simply workers who will abide by the order of the employee ignoring the human side of the workers. As a result, the outputs of the organization were not maximized. Then more emphasis is given to improve the condition of the workers for motivating them towards work. This work force is treated as asset in todays organization.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

Recently, companies have realized that effective HRM can contribute to profitability, quality and business goals, of an organization, through enhancing, and supporting business operations. Therefore, the responsibilities and role of HR department have become critical to the success of any and every organization. Responsibilities of HR department are listed as follows:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Employment and Recruiting Interviewing, recruiting, testing, temporary labor coordination. Training and Development Orientation, performance management, skills training, productivity enhancement. Compensation Wage and salary administration job description, executive compensation, incentive pay, job evaluation. Employee Benefit Schemes Insurance, vacation leave, administration retirement plans, profit saving, starch plans. Performance management- Evaluate employees performance for their promotion and transfer. Employee and community Relations Attitude serve, labor relations, publications, labor law complaints discipline.

7.

Strategic planning International human resources, forecasting, planning, mergers and acquisitions.

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WORK: Generally a company starts from the lower level to upper level of work, each and every job and tasks are analyzed and designed clearly. Infect, before recruiting, each work is analyzed. Company always focuses on how to make the work environment friendly and to identify the necessary skills required to perform every task, within each work, effectively. The analysis is done by the combined effort of HR manager and the line manager of the specific department. Then, the work is designed to carefully and clearly, keeping in mind the safety and understandability of the employee, who would be performing the particular work. Company always focuses on how to make the work environment friendly and more structured for its respected employees. HR PLANNING: After the work has been analyzed and designed in relation to the specific skills required, companys HR department with the help of the line manager of particular department of work area makes a list of individuals who will have those necessary skills, such as an engineer, or a business graduate and on the basis of that, they design their recruitment criteria. 01. RECRUITING: Usually a company does not follow any hard and fast rule in case of recruiting. They do not necessarily follow the internal recruitment policy or the external policy. If company thinks like taking new ideas from the fresh graduates they usually follow the external recruitment policywhich includes university and college graduates. In that case, they usually advertise in newspapers and periodicals. Moreover recruiting from external sources depends on the specific work criteria. SELECTION: Every company has its own method of selection, which is very simple and clear. They prefer Interviews for any external recruitment because when they are internally recruiting they know about the skills and knowledge of their employees through performance analysis. However, in case of internal recruitment concurrent validation a criterion-based validity study in which a test is administered to all the people who are chosen for the specific promotion or transfer and then incumbents scores are correlated with existing measures of their performance on the job are used. Further, they use situational interviews for especially chosen applicants. All these are based on the actual scenario. Sometimes, work samples are also used. In case of external recruitment the emphasis is on interviews, as mentioned earlier, specifically, Situational Interview. As this is one of the renowned groups, which include asking questions regarding past experience of the applicant in the past words or future scenario regarding how the applicant will react or perform given a particular situation. This type of interview is applied for recruiting someone at executive or key level in the company. 02. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT: An organization invests substantially to improve the quality of their Human Resources. They are their key assets of its success who translate the companys dream into reality. Company believes in having potentially qualified people, training them to become better and getting the best out of them. They provide career opportunity to their employees that in turn, motivate them with the requisite impetus

for the companys excellence. However, whether it is an in-house training learning programs carried out within the organization by using internal trainers or consultants; or by using computer-literate employees within the organization to carryout tests and work samples via computer training purchased from an external consultant via independent training organizations. 03. COMPENSATION AND MOTIVATION: Every company has many compensation policies, which are practiced by the company. This can vary a company from another company. These include: 1. Performance bonus- Based on employees individual performance. 2. Religious festival bonus.

3.

Yearly increment in salary for executives and top-level managers along with the bonuses and increments. Health insurance service, as it is becoming a necessity. offering social and recreational service is that it will develop cohesiveness among the employees.

4. Transportation facility- Facilitate employees with transport facilities

5.

6. Organizing picnic, cricket tournament, award banquets etc. the motivation behinds this
7. Counseling is needed for an organization. 8. Early retirement policy.

04. Employee Benefit Schemes: Every company has some benefit schemes for its employees like mutual fund and provident fund. They cut off a portion of money from the employees salary every month. At the end of their working period, they are given the whole amount together or a certain amount every month for the rest of their life. Promotion and Transfer: Promotion takes place when a post becomes vacant and needs to fill up by internal recruiting. Then somebody from immediate junior level gets promoted according to his or her performance measurement. Transfer is done in two ways. First, when somebody is promoted to a superior level he or she may be transferred to a new area or office to perform his or her job. Such as: - an employee is promoted and transferred from branch office to head office. Second, an employee may be transferred on the basis of his or her performance level. If he or she is not capable with the workload of his or her present position, he or she may be transferred to a different position or area where the workload is much lower and suitable for that particular employee. 05. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT HR department of a company is very cautious about their employees performance. They spend hours with their employees, discussing informally about their employees works (both merits and demerits). If an employee is performing well, they send that

employee appreciation letter; performance bonus (as mentioned earlier) is provided to encourage further improvement and consistency. They evaluate their employees by filling up questionnaires, with space for comments, for a particular employee by his/her peers and line manager and the same is done for others as well as the line manager. However, most of the companies are trying to introduce the 360-degree evaluation process, where his/her peers; they themselves, managers and subordinates will evaluate a particular employee. It is expected to be more effective for the employee, as the employee will more specifically realize his/her competencies as well as lacking. 06. EMPLOYEE AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS Companies try to give a very friendly working environment. It is informal and the HR managers spend time with employees by visiting them at their work and sometimes, the employees visit HR manager at their offices. Altogether, they try to make a desired place to work in. 07. STRATEGIC PLANNING After all these things, the company is so far ready for the next phase of development and investment to reach another new height. To expand into the international arena in the future is their prime motto today. Then they envision the idea of developing some of their existing product ranges and moreover want to introduce the new items, which are at their different implementation stage. They also hope to go to public, by floating shares of the company and are hoping to break new ground in the capital market of the country. They also constantly seek export opportunities. The intention is of the further diversification of the market and establishing a base from which profitable joint ventures in different sectors can be launched. Moreover, the management is keen to promote internationally reputed brands locally. Every company believes in the glowing prospect of the electronic information technology, which they believe the backbone of the trade and industry in future.

Last few words

The ultimate responsibility of the companies is to develop new ideas and ways to generate more profit. That is why they should procure new equipments, set up more industries; develop more facilities, introduce new products and services and create more jobs for a prosperous tomorrow. They also hope to expand their activities and clientele, not forgetting their

innovative beginning in trade and industry. Together with their customers and personnel they hope, to build a prosperous future. They initiate high level of safety and environmental safety in their workplace. Outside the workplace they support worthwhile philanthropic efforts in education and health care sector among others. They believe in social responsibility to the community as well. In order to protect the environment they take possible steps in minimizing adverse effect on the ecosystem from the industrial process and by product. They also invest in methods and equipment for cleaning technology and maximize recycling of by-products. Their pioneering industry is aimed at reducing the pressure on forestry and encouraging plant waste based lumber-substitute products.