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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

0w¦Kwdkrsm; (7)
rpE´m

pm&dkufwifqufol vrif; (LinHtet Forum)


Editing & PDF vrif; (LinHtet Forum)
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

rmwdum
1/ txif
2/ trsm;xJu wpfa,muftaMumif;
3/ armifhpGrf;aqmif&Sif
4/ yHkcifarmif\ ZlZum
5/ olapmihfwJh Oykof
6/ toGm;ESihf tNyef
7/ udkESHaumif\ aqmif;&moD
8/ rSm;awmh rSm;w,f
9/ tydefESihftyJhwdkU\ ordkif;
10/ [kdbufurf;u vGrf;yHkNyif
11/ a&wGifNrSyfaom azmifuav;
12/ tvSw&mudk awGU&SdNcif;
13/ yifhulydk;rQif
14/ aus;Zl;wifygonf
15/ tJ'g wkdUNrefrm
16/ ZDAm;*dk;\zcif
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

txiff

vlwpfukd,f xifwpfvHk;[k aNymavh&SdMuonf/ txif[lonf


rSm tawG;omvQifNzpfavonf/ tawG;udk rnfolrQ wm;qD;í r&
ay/ rnfolurQvnf; csKyfcs,fcGihf r&Sday/
vlwdkif; vlwkdif;rSm olUpdwfMudKuf? olUoabmus awG;EdkifcGihf?
xifEkdifcGihf &Sdaeonf/
]]vdkufrvm; tefu,fvfMuD;? vlqefUao;w,f}}
cyfokwfokwfavQmufvmaomolUudk toufq,hfig;ESpfcefU&Sd
csmwdwfuav;u NyHk;&TifpGm ar;onf/ "mwfavSum;cvkwfudk vuf
ESihfzdxm;um olvSrf;NyD; 0ifomatmif udk,fudka&TUay;onf/
]] aus;Zl;yJ om;a&? usL&SifuNyefvmwmvm;}}
"mwfavSum; usOf;usOf;xJvSrf;0ifvdkufawmh 'l;&if;oD;teHUu
vdIifoGm;onf/ ]]'Dwpfcg om,ma&;aumfrwD tpnf;ta0;ac:&if
awmh 'l;&if;oD; o,fcsif&if "mwfavSum;roHk;zdkU wifNyrS Nzpfr,f...
atmifrav; ... qdk;vdkufwJhteHU}} .... [kawG;&if; rsufpda0h0JMunhf
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

vdkufawmh trsdK;orD;cyfydefydefwpfOD;u olUukdtm;emNyHK; NyHK;Nyonf/


olu NyefrNyHK;csifonfhtwGuf csufcsif;rsufESmvTJum ckewkef;u
csmwdwfuav;tm;
]]q&mrvmawmh .... rif;wdkUawG aysmfrS aysmfoGm;Mu&JUvm;}} [k
vSrf;ar;vdkufonf/
olaexkdifaom wdkufcef;u uGef'dkrDeD,rf[kac:aeMuaom
"mwfavSum;ESpfpif;yg wkdufcef;us,fNzpfonf/ wpfvTmvQif tcef;
aygif; aNcmufcef;? pkpkaygif;q,hfESpfvTmqkdawmh ckepfq,hfESpfcef;
aom tcef;rsm;twGuf "mwfavSum;ESpfpif;&Sdonf/ wdkufcef;aeol
taygif;olawmfaumif; toD;oD;rSmvnf; vlyDyD vlrIa&;udpaö wG&Iyf
axG;vSawmh waysmfwyg;MuD; qif;vdkufMu wufvdkufMuESifhrkdU
"mwfavSum;ESpfpD;cNrmrSm em;&onf[lí r&Sd&Smacs/ vlomqkdvQif
armNyD;toufxGufaewm MumvSacsawmhrnf/
]]udkarmifarmifxGef; r[kwfvm;[if}}
olNrifNyif;uyfaeaom trsdK;orD;MuD;u cyfwdk;wdk;ar;onf/
rapmif;wapmif;uJMunhfvkdufawmh .... tif; ... 'DrsufeSm Nrifzl;ovkd
vdkawmh t&Sdom;yif .../
]]tkd ... rrSwfrdbl;vm; ... uRefr MuLMuLav ..tif;vsm;aqmif
u cifNrMuLav ...}}
]][m .... cifNrMuL}}
olu tvefUwMum; atmfvkdufrdonf/ Munhfprf; ... cifNrMuL/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]rMunhfrdvkdUygAsm ... 'DrsufeSmudk b,frrSwfrdbJ &SdyhgrvJ ...


Munhfprf; t&ifwkef;utwkdif; &kyfraNymif;bl;aemf .. abmf'Duvnf;
xdef;ekdifvdkufwm? wu,fhudk pvif;rfyJ? bmvJ 'Dacwfarmf',f
aumifrav;awG idkoGm;atmifvkdU uwfa0hg(cf)avQmufOD;rvkdUvm; }}
wu,hfwu,fu ]]uRefr uRefr cifNrMuLav}} [kaNymrS Za0
Z0gESifh taNy;tvTm;odvm&Ncif; Nzpfavonf/ odkUaomf olupD;yGm;
a&;avmuxJ wkd;0if&if; trsm;tMudKufvdkufcg EIwfayhg vQmayhgESifh
&Tef;&Tef;a0atmif aNymwwfonfrSm tusifhygaeNyDNzpfonf/ EIwfrS
om &kyfraNymif;bl;aemf? wu,fh pvif;(rf)yJ[k aNymaeaomfvnf;
twGif;pdwfxJuawmh ]MunhfygOD;Asm .... tdkpmoGm;vdkufwm? raNym
&if rSwfrdygrvm;awmifrodbl;? ydefvdkufwmvJ uyfvkdU} [kawG;ae
rdavonf/
]]udkarmifarmifxGef;vn;f &kyfraNymif;ygbl;}}
]]'DvdkyJ ... usef;rma&;av; bmav;vdkufpm;&wmayhgAsm ..
a[m ... a[ma&mufNyD ... uRefawmfu qJAif;(bD)rSm ..oGm;r,faemf}}
]][kwf ... uRefru Edkif;('D)rSm&Sihf}}
OD;armifarmifxGef;u "mwfavSum;xJrS uref;uwef;wkd;xGuf
vdkufonf/ tNyifa&mufaomtcgrS vwfvwfqwfqwf? at;at;
oefUoefUavudk wpf0MuD;&dIufí &Ivdkufonf/ a':'l&if;oD;ESihf cifNr
MuL ... tJav ..a':cifNrMuLESifh'l&if;oD;udkawmh "mwfavSum; ESihf
twl qufNyD;aNrmufwufoGm;avonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]tif; ausmif;wkef;u tawmfvSwJhrdef;r? ydk;wJhyef;wJholawG


vnf; 0dkif;0dkif;vnfvkdU? [wf[m; ....igawmif ygcJhao;vm;rodyg
bl; ...}}
OD;armifarmifxGef; pdwfxJrSaeNyD; cyf&Tif&TifawG;onf/ ygcJhao;
ovm;r[kwfyg?ygudkygcJhygao;onf/odkUaomfxkdtcsdefu oluynm
udkom &dk;&dk;ukyfukyfMudK;pm;aeaom pmMurf;ydk;av; wpfa,mufNzpf
onfrkdU cifNrMuLuvn;f txifMuD;[efr&Sdyg/ oluvnf; EIwfESihf
aomfvnf;aumif;? pmESihfaomfvnf;aumif;? cspfcGihfyefcJhNcif; r&SdcJhzl;
acs/
]]aeygOD;[ ..... cifNrMuL b,foleJUrsm; &oGm;ygvdrfh ...}}
olu tcef;wHcg;aomhudk vSnhfzGihf&if; pOf;pm;onf/ ausmif;rS
xGufNyD;aemufydkif; tquftoG,fodyfr&SdoNzihf cifNrMuLwpfa,muf
b,folESihf b,ftcsdefwkef;u b,fvdktdrfaxmifusoGm;oenf;rSwf
rSwfom;om;r&SdvSay/
oluawmh tar&Smay;aom olaX;orD;wpfOD;eSihf &cJhonf/ rdef;
ruolUtwGufom;av;wpfa,mufarG;ay;onf/ xkdUaemuf\ypönf;
awG wpfyHkwifyifMuD;xm;cJhum wrvGefokdU cyfokwfokwfxGufcGm
oGm;onf/ olvn;f aemuftdrfaxmifNyK&ef pdwfr0ifpm;onhftwGuf
pD;yGm;a&;avmuxJodkU udk,fa&mpdwfygypfNyD; 0ifcJhonf/ olwpf
oufvHk; ukodkvfuHaumif;cJholNzpfoNzihf &IH;onfuenf;enf;? Edkif
onfursm;rsm;rkdU ypönf;OpömawG wpfaeUwpfNcm; wkd;yGm;cJhavonf/
tckawmh wpfOD;wnf;aomom;u pifumylEdkifiHwGif olUtdrfaxmif
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

ESihfol taNcusaeacsNyD/ olUtoufuvnf; ig;q,fESihfaNcmufq,f


tMum; tv,fwdwd ig;q,fESihfig;ESpf &SdcJhNyDNzpfavonf/
tckawmh olu tvkyfudk yifyifyef;yef;vkyf&ef odyfNyD;pdwfr0if
pm;awmhay/ tvm;tvmaumif;aom ukrÜPrD sm;wGifom &S,f,m
rsm;xnhf0ifNyD; ukrÜPD'g&dkufwm[laomtrnfudk vl&dkao? &Sif&dkao
cH,lxm;onf/ uHaumif;csifawmh ol&if;eSD;NrSyfeHSxm;aom ukrÜPD
awGuvnf; tusdK;tNrwf awmfawmfav;NzpfxGef;avonf/ olU
twGufawmh b0u oufawmifhoufom &SdvGef;onf/ tif;vsm;
vrf;u vHk;csif;wkdufuav;udkiSm;xm;onhfaiGudkyif olwpfOD;wnf;
ukefatmifroHk;Edkifacs/ taysmftyg; 0goemrygvSoNzihf tNzKef;r&Sd
aomaMumihfvnf;Nzpfekdifonf/ tvItwef; 0goemrygaomaMumihf
vnf; NzpfEkdifygao;onf/
tckawmh qHyiftwefi,fusJ? Adkuftenf;i,f&TJaom olaX;MuD;
b0odkUa&mufaeNyDrkdU a&uav; ul;vdkuf? a*gufoD;av; &dkufvdkuf
ESihf udk,fhusef;rma&; udk,fh[mudk,f*&kpdkufae&onf/ aq;ay; rD;,l
av;twGuf aemuftdrfaxmifrsm; NyK&&ifaumif;rvm;[k wpfcgwpf
&H pOf;pm;aerdonf/ vlysdKMuD;[kac:ac:? vlNydKMuD;[kac:ac: ac:csif
ovdk b,fvdkac:ac:? olu tdrfaxmifr&Sdaom vlvGwfa,muFsm;
wpfOD;Nzpfonf/ 'Dawmhvnf; ol\pnf;pdrfOpömESihfwuG olUukdyg
tdrfaxmifr&dSaom vlvGwfrdef;rrsm;u pdwf0ifwpm;&SdaeMuvdrfhrnf
[k twGif;pdwfu tNrJxifaewwfavonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

tcef;wcg;zGihfvkdufawmh wynfhausmf armifOD;\ pmuxHk;pH


twkdif; qD;MudKaeonf/

OD;av;
Muufom;? MuufoGefESihf MuufO oGm;0,faeygonf/
armifOD;

]]tif; .... Munhf&wmawmh oludk,fwkdif MuufNzpfNyD;rS Nyefvm


awmhr,f xifyg&JU}}
olu rSefabmifwGifuyfxm;aom pmudk pdwfwkdwkdESihfqGJqkwf
vdkufonf/ armifOD;u taygif;toif;vnf;qHh? pyfvnf;pyfpkawmh
a&muf&mt&yfwGifawGU&mvlESihfpum;vufqHusEdkifpGrf;&SdolNzpfonf/
olNyefvmvQifvnf; owif;pum;tpHktvif ygvmwwf onf/
xrif;tkyfaqmif;zGihfMunhfawmh tqifoihfNyifxm;onfudk awGU
&onf/ rqmao;oNzihf tomNyeftkyfcJhum N*dK[fwkowif; zGifh
Munhfvdkufonf/ cPaeawmh 'l&if;oD;udkvnf;aumif;? cifNrMuL
udk vnf;aumif; olarhoGm;avonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

tif; ... cufonfu oluarhaomfvnf;? cifNrMuLu rarhNcif;


yifNzpfonf/ aemufESpf&ufaeawmh olUqDukd cifrlrl0if;a&mufvm
onf/
]]rlrlu a':cifNrMuL&JUwlryg tefu,fvf... a':av;MuLu rkefU
[if;cg; ydkUckdif;vdkufvdkUyg? 'DaeU ararqHk;wm q,fESpfNynhfrdkU bkef;
BuD;qGrf;auR;ygw,f}}
pdkNynf0if;0gaomrdef;uav;udk ai;Munhf&if; OD;armifarmifxGef;
u olUukd,folyif toufoHk;q,favmuf i,foGm;onf[kxifrd
onf/
]]tJ'grS cifNrMuL? vGefcJhwJhteSpfoHk;q,fausmfu awGUcJhzl;wJh
cifNrMuLtppf....}}
wynfhausmf armifOD;u rkefU[if;cg;csdKifhudkvSrf;aepOf rlrlu
{nhfcef;wGif0ifxkdifonf/rlrlUqDrS eHUomNzLoeyfcg;eHUav;u woif;
oif;arT;aeonf/ oli,fi,fwkef;u cifNrMuLqD oGm;vnfwkef;u
vnf; eHUoNzLeHUav; &I&dIufcJh&zl;onfudk owd&onf/
]]rlrlu cifNrMuLeJU tawmfwlw,faemf ... cifNrMuLorD;qkd&if
vnf; ,HkrSmyJ}}
]] tkd ... a':av;u tysdKMuD;ygaemf ... tefu,fvfuvJ...}}
]][m ... ausmif;rSmwkef;u 0dkif;0dkif;udkvnfaewm? bmvdkU tysdK
BuD;Nzpf&wmwHk;}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]a&G;vGef;vdkUaerSmayhgtefu,fvf&JU? ig;odkif;rsm;awmh [if;[kef


w,fwJh}}
OD;armifarmifxGef;ESihf cifrlrl0if;onf csufcsif;&if;eSD;oGm;Mu
onf/
]]at; at; nnf;vnf; nnf;ta':vdk odyfa&G;raeeJU}}
olu EIwfayghayhgESihf aemufaNymifonf/ aNymrdNyD;rS pdwfrsm;qdk;
oGm;avrvm; pdk;&drfrdaomfvnf; cifrlrl0if;uNyHk;aeavonf/ Nyefcg
eD;awmh ]tefu,fvfwkdUpm;csifaomufcsifwm&Sd&if aNymav... rlrw l kdU
csufay;ygr,f ...} [kaNymoGm;onf/
cifrlrl0if;NyefoGm;awmh olUpdwfxJwGif tvkdvkd&Tifaeonf/armif
OD;u rkefU[if;cg;xnhfay;awmhvnf; awmfawmfav;t&om awGUNyD;
pm;vdkUaumif;aeí aemufxyfwpfyef;uefyif xyfxnhfckdif;&onf/
]]olwkdUu udk;xyfrSmaewmav ... ta':eJUwlrESpfa,mufwnf;
aewm? tdrfazmfaumifrav;wpfa,mufawmh &Sdw,fxifyg&JU? tck
wpfavmawmh rawGUNyefbl;? awmNyefoGm;w,fxifw,f? ckewkef;
u tpfryJ aps;0,faewmawGU&w,f}}
armifOD;u owif;pum;pHkonf/
]]olua&m bmvkyfovJ}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]] wuúodkvfu q&mrvkdUaNymwmyJ? odyfcsrf;omyHkawmh r&bl;


OD;av;&JU? csrf;om&if udk,fydkifum;av;armif;NyD; ausmif;oGm;rSmayhg
tckawmh bwf(pf)um;eJU}}
OD;armifarmifxGef;u ]]aMomf ... olUcrsm bwf(pf)um;wdk;NyD;
ausmif;oGm;ae&&Smwmudk;}} [k awG;NyD; u&kPmykdcsifcsifNzpfoGm;
onf/ ]]vrf;MuHK&ifawmh vdkufydkUcsifygw,fuG,f}} [kpdwfxJrS quf
awG;aerdonf/
ukrÜPDu tpD&ifcHpmawGa&mufaeonfrSm oHk;av;&uf&SdNyDNzpf
onf/'DaeUreuf zwfrnf[kpdwful;xm;aomfvn;f tckawmh rzwf
csifao;oNzihf tomNyefcsxm;vdkufonf/ N*dk[fwkowif; zGihfMunfh
vdkufawmh rdefUcGef;aNymaeaom tar&duefor®wudkawGU&onf/cP
aeawmh or®w\rsufeSmay:wGif NyHK;aeaom cifrlrl0if;\rsufESmu
xyfNyD;ay:vmonf/ ]tdrfvmvnfaemf tefu,fvf} [k tNyHK;csdKcsdK
ESihfaNymonf/
]]tif; oGm;vnfOD;rS? vnfOD;rS}}

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

a':cifNrMuLuol\qHyifrsm;udkNzefUcsNyD; bD;ESihfnSmnSmwmwm
zD;onf/qHyifawGu wtm;uRwfNyD; wNznf;Nznf;yg;vmawmh t&if
wkef;uvdk tm;&yg;&rzD;&Jacs/ qHyifzD;ae&if; OD;armifarmif xGef;udk
owd&onf/ ausmif;wkef;uvdk EIwfrenf;awmhyJ EIwfoGuf? vQm
oGufESihf tm0ZÆef;&Tifvmonfuawmh trSefyif/
]]a':av;}}
ckwifay:wGifxdkifaeaom rlrluvSrf;ac:onf/ rsufESmuvnf;
rcsdKrcsOfav; NyHk;aeonf/
]]tefu,fvfMuD;awmh r&kd;bl;aemf .... odvm;}}
]]bmr&kd;vdkUvJ rlrl&JU}}
]]a':av;udk tysdKMuD;ygvkdUaNymvkdufawmh NyHk;oGm;vdkufwmrsm;
a':av;udk Nycsifw,f}}
tif; .... olvnf;NrifcGihf&vQif Nrifcsifygonf/ &dk;&dk;ukyfukyfESihf
pmMudK;pm;vSaom armifarmifxGef;uav; olUudkwrf;wNrwfEdk;aom
rsufvHk;rsm;ESihf ai;Munhfwwfwmudk olrarhao;yg/pufrI wuúodkvf
rSudknGefUarmifESihfol &,f&,farmarmpum;aNymaeonfudk awGUwkef;
uvnf; rsufESmav;ndSK;umacgif;idkufpdkufESihfNyefoGm;onfudk rSwfrd
ygao;onf/ &Sufwwfwmvm;? aMumufwwfwmvm; tm;r&p&m
aumif;vSonfu yGihfyGihfvif;vif;yif zGifh[NyD; cspfcGihf ryefcJhacs/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]tckvnf;Munhfygvm; ... vufaqmifawG wpfckNyD; wpfck,l


NyD; vmvmvnfaevdkufwm? acsmif;aygufawmhr,f ...t[if; [if;}}
cifrlrl0if;u &,faeonf/
]]a':av;MuLwlrqkdawmh rlrluvnf;rsufeSmawGBuD;vdkU? ta':
vdkcsif olUwlrudk zsmvdkvdyf? xdyfay:wif ...}}
]][Jh aumifrav;? bmawGavQmufaNymaewmvJ ...}}
]][kwfbl;vm; a':av;uvJ ... ausmif;udk um;eJUvdkufydkUwm
vnf;eSpfcg&SdNyD?wpfvrf;vHk; olwdkUi,fi,fwkef;utaMumif;?ausmif;
wkef;utaMumif;awGaNymNyNyD; w[m;[m;eJU? a':av;udk rMudKufcJh
bl;vm;vdkU ar;vdkufw,fodvm;}}
]]ollu bmNyefaNymwkHk; ...}}
a':cifNrMuLu rodrom &ifckefoGm;avonf/
]]tefu,fvfMuD;u &,fvdkufwmav/ a':av;uvSawmhMudKuf
wmayhgwJh ... a':av;&JU tvSuausmif;rSm odyfxif&Sm;cJhwmwJh}}
rlrlu a':cifNrMuL\ qHyifrsm;udk aemufzufrSpkodrf;um yHkUyHkU
uav; xHk;zGJUay;onf/ xkdUaemuf rSefwifcHkay:wGif toifh&Sdaeaom
pHy,fyef;uHk;uav;udk &pfacGyefqifay;onf/
a':cifNrMuLu rSefxJwGifay:aeaom rlr\ l t&dyfudk ai;pdkuf
Munhfae&if; olUukd,folvnf; tJ'DavmufeD;yg; vSaeonf[x k ifae
onf/ udkarmifarmifxeG f;uawmif aNymvdkufao;onf r[kwv f m;/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

t&ifwkef;utwkdif;yJ? &kyfraNymif;bl;wJh? armf',fawGawmif idkoGm;


r,fwJh ... tkd 'guawmh olydkwmyguG,f... MuLMuLtJ'Davmufawmh
rvSekdifawmhygbl;/
a':cifNrMuLonfrSefxJudkai;Munhf&if; MunfMunfEl;el;av;NyHK;
aerdonf/wpfaeUwkef;uawmh olUudk,fol wpfaygif;rsm;pGmeJU armif
armifxGef;[k aNymaeao;onf/
]]rdef;rwpfa,muf? om;wpfa,muf? um;wpfpD;? wkdufwpfvHk;?
wkdufcef;wpfcef;? wynfhwpfa,muf ... [m ... wpfawGt&rf;rsm;ae
w,f cifNrMuL&JU?tJ'DxJrSm rdef;rwpfa,mufu qHk;oGm;wmMumNyDqkd
awmh tpm;xdk;vdkU&aeNyD}} [k csdK&Da0pGmaNymonf/ Munhf ... rlrl aNym
wmawmh [kwfaeNyD xifygw,f/
]]udkausmfu vufxyfzdkUylqmvSNyD a':av;&JU ...ekdifiHNcm;rSmwpf
a,mufxJ tvkyfvkyfaewmqdkawmh rlrluvnf; odyfNyD;pdwfrcsbl;?
a':av;udk wpfa,mufxJxm;cJh&rSmpdk;vdkUom tcsdefqGJae&wm tck
awmh at;aq;yJ? tefu,fMuD;vufxJrSm pdwfcsvufcs tyfcJhrSm od
vm;}}
]]aMomf .... 'Daumifrav; ..aNymav uJavygvm;[Jh}}
a':cifNrMuLu &Sufpedk; Nzpfaeonf/ udkarmifarmifxGef;cNrm
oem;p&m/ ,lvmvdkufonfhyef;oD;awG? pyspfoD;awG qkdwmpm;íyif
rukefekdif? a&cJaowÅmxJwGifvnf; acsmuvwfawG &Sdaeao;onf/
rlrlUudkvnf; rsufESmvkyf&&SmonfrSm tarm.../ rlrluvnf; olUudkcif
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

&Smygonf/ cifvGef;vdkU oltifrwefcspfonfh a':av;ESihf oabm


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olzGihfaNymvm&if Niif;awmhNiif;&OD;rSmaygh?[efaqmifav;NzpfNzpfNiif;
&OD;rSmayghaemf.../
'DaeUawmh pdwfr&Snhfawmhaom rlrlu olwkdUESpfOD;udkay:wifMuD;
yif pawmhaemufawmhonf/
]] 'gyJaemf tefu,fMuD;? rlr&dSawmh&if a':av;udk ypfrxm;&
bl; aemf}}
]]rlu bmvdkUr&Sd&rSmvJ}}
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]][if ...}}
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bl;}}
]][Jh .... rlrl vlMuD;awGudk aemufp&mvm;}}
a':av;u toHwkefwkefav;ESihf atmf&if;acgif;iHkUxm;onf/
tefu,fMuD;uawmh rsufESmMuD;eDaeavonf/

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

OD;armifarmifxGef;onf xdkaeUrSpí a':cifNrMuLwkdU\


wkdufcef;qDodkU tvnfrvmawmhay/ a':cifNrMuLuawmh ]olUcrsm
[kd;t&ifuwn;fu odyf&Sufwwfwm.... rlrlu twif;pawmh&SufNyD;
rvm&Jawmhbl;ayhguG,f ... oem;p&m} [k cyfaqG;aqG;av;aNym&Sm
avonf/

(EdkifihH*kPf&nfr*¾Zif; 2002 Mo*kwf)


0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

trsm;xJu wpfa,muftaMumif;

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cef;wGif oGm;Mu? vmMu? 0ifMu? xGufMuESifh vlpJonf[lí r&SdvS/
xdkuJhokdUaom &kHk;cef;wGif rdef;rwpfa,mufru wpf'gZifyifawGUOD;
awmh qef;us,fonfh udpör[kwfay/
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]]emrnfu ckdifEGJUckdifwJh}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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onf r[kwfygvm;/
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zufvdk tm;ukd;&aomolNzpfonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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prf;ovdk vSrf;Munhfaeonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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oJhESihf pdwf0ifwpm; em;axmifwwfonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

ai;Munhf&if; ]ckdifEGJUckdif}[laom trsdK;orD;udk yHkazmfMunhfaerdonf/


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]]arareJU wkdifaNymr,f}}
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aumif; aeonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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xkdUaemufcifrif&if;eSD;aomaMumihf pm;aomufqkdifwGifawGU? xdkrSwpf
qihf um;rygvmaomolUudk azazuNyefvkdufydkU? olu tdrfwGif;odkdU
zdwfac: ...? xkdUaemuf ....xkdUaemuf......../
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qdkwmvJ odom;eJU}}
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

tvkyf&Iyfaeaom ararhudkawGU&onf/ araru olUrdom;pkESihfolU


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t<uif;rJhcspfcifovdk azaz\arwÅmudkvnf; &meIef;Nynhf ,HkMunf
xm;olNzpfonf/ olwkdUtm;vHk;\&ifxJrS azaz\yHk&dyfonf &dk;om;
onf? MudK;pm;onf? wnfMunfonf/ pHNyvifa,muFsm;wpfOD;Nzpf
ovdk? pHNyzcifwpfOD;vnf; Nzpfavonf/
]]azazu cPcPaNymw,fav? tdrfaxmifwpfckrSmwpfa,muf
&JU*kPfowif;[m wpfa,mufudk[yfw,fwJh/rdom;pktwGuf oltNrJ
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ri,fap&bl;wJh}}
]][kwfom;yJ}}
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avwkdif; idkufceJygrnfh a,muFsm;wpfa,mufr[kwf/
om;vwfESihforD;i,fonfoufNyif;udkNydKifwlcsum wpfa,muf
ESifh wpfa,mufMunhfí &,fvdkufMuonf/
]]olUtay:rSm igwkdUawG txifao;vmatmif t&dkaowefvm
atmif olUtwGuf igwdkUawG rsufeSmi,fatmif b,fawmhrSvkyfrSm
r[kwfygbl;[m/ azazu ynm&Sdyg}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

orD;MuD;\pum;u ,HkMunfpdwfcsrItNynhfESihf tm;ygvSonf/


xkdUaMumihf ynm&Sd[lonfum; wpfcgwpf&H owdNzpfcJaMumif;udk yif
qufí rawG;rdMuawmhay/

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aemuf oHk;av;&ufavmufaeawmh owdNzpfcJoGm;aom ynm&Sd


olwkdU azazESihf yufyif;wkd;cJhMu&onf/
olwkdUarmifESroHk;a,muf Nr&dyfndk[dkw,fwGif a&oGm;ul;Mu
awmh a&ul;uefem; ydawmufyifrsm;onf 0gí0if;aeaMumif;awGU&
onf/ twefi,f naeapmif;NyDrkdU ydawmufyGihfzwfuav;rsm;u
vnf; woJoJa<uae&m yifaNcwGif ydawmufyef;awG cif;xm;ovdk
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vmMudK&if odyfaumif;rSm}}[k wrf;wrdpOf wu,fyif arara&muf
vmí 0rf;omoGm;onf/
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wnf;ysif;aewmeJU? orD;wkdUudk vmMudKwm...}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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onf/ ararapmihfaeoNzihf cgwkdif;vdk tMumMuD; a&pdrfraeMuawmh
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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yGJav;wGif ]]ckdifEGJUckdif}}[laom trsdK;orD;ESihf ESpfa,mufwnf;twl
xkdifaeaomazazhudk 'kdif;ceJawGUvdkuf&awmh om;vwf\rsufvHk;rsm;
yif NymcsifcsifNzpfoGm;onf/ azazu bmaNymonfrod/ trsdK;orD;
u acgif;uav;iHkUum cyfEGJUEGJU&,farm&if; azazhvufarmif;udk
vufoD;qkyfESihf vSrf;xkonf/
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vSrf;Munhfvdkufawmh ausmckdif;vsuftaetxm;wGif xkdifaeonf udk
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

orD;MuD;u olUvufxJrS zuf&Sirf *¾Zif;udk xdk;ay;onf/ r*¾Zif;


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]]orD;av;}}
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pm;aeaom arharhudk tidkifom;MunhfaerdMuonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

araru trdefUay;aomtoHESihf xyfaNymonf/ xkdUaemuf olU


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araronf taNctaeudk vsifNrefpGmoabmaygufNyD; vsifNref
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arharhpum;udk olwkdUoHk;a,mufvHk; aumif;pGmem;axmifcJhMuonf/
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xuf twefi,fydkus,faeí vufukwfowday;&onfrS ty olwkdU
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uefNym;rsm;udk csonftxdararu olUvufxJrS r*¾Zif;pmtkyfudk
trlt&maumif;aumif;ESihf pdwf0ifwpm; zwfaeqJNzpfavonf/
]]azazNyefoGm;NyD arar/ r&Sdawmhbl;}}
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(uvsmr*¾Zif;? 2005 Zefe0g&D)


0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

olapmihfwJh Oykof

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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]]tif; .... ta&;MuD;wmwpfck usefaeao;w,f &J,dk&Guf tif;
&J,dk&Gufryg&if rNynhfpHkbl;}}
&J,dk&Gufu &Sm;yg;ypönf;Nzpfonf/ aps;wGifa&mfi;onfudk wpf
cgwavawGU&aomfvnf; tNrJwrf;awmh awGU&onfr[kwfacs/ rek
r&ifh t&GufNyefUNyefUum;um;MuD;awGudkom &vQifawmh ol\ig;cl
[if;twGuf NyD;NynhfpHkNyDNzpfayonf/
naetdrfNyefawmh Nrav;cifonf cgwkdif;vdktdrftxd qdkufum;
rpD;bJ vr;fckvwfwGif qif;onf/ tHhMoovdkMunhfaeaom wlr
ti,f\ vufxJodkUaps;0,fvmaom MuGyfMuGyftdwfudkxnhfum
]tdrfus&if ig;udkifxm;ESihfaemf a':av; 'Dem;cP0ifp&m&SdvdkU} [k
aNymonf/
vrf;xdyf*kwfNcHu Od;vSarmif0if;\NcHNzpfonf/ olwrifpdkuf
xm;onfawmh [kwfyHkr&/ &J,dkyif acG;awmufyif? ql;ykwfyif p
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

onfwkdU tavhusaygufaeonf/ olursufpdvnf;rIef? em;vnf;


av;NyD; taNymuvnf; awmfawmfqkd;onf/ olUqD acG;awmuf&Guf
uav;wpfcgawmif;zl;onf/ ig;&GufcefUcl;ay;NyD; ]udk,fwkdifpdkufxm;
&ifawmh awmif;p&mb,fvdkyhgrvJAsm} [kaNymonf/ Nrav;cifu
pdwfxJrSaeNyD; ]udk,fwkdifvn;f rpdkufbl;/ awmif;vn;frawmif;
awmhygbl;awmf} [k cyfpGmpGmNyefaNymcJhonf/
]]rawmif;bl;qkdwm r,lbl;vdkUaNymwmrS r[kwfbJ/ wpf
a,mufwnf; ekdifatmifpm;Edkifwmvnf;r[kwf?'Dt&GufawGudk aps;
wifa&mif;aewmvnf;r[kwf? tvum; wkdwkdxGmxGmvkyfaewm NcH
tNyifuae vSrf;qGJNyD;cl;awmhvn;f odwmawmifrS r[kwf}}
Nrav;cifu NcHtNyifbuf,dkifaeaom &J,dk&Guf? acG;awmuf
&Gufrsm;udk vSrf;qGJNyD;cl;aeonfrSm oHk;av;cg&SdNyDNzpfonf/ ,ck
vnf; &J,dk&GufEkEkNyefUNyefUMuD;awG awGUxm;onf/ vSrf;qGJvdkufvQif
rSDonf/
olvnf; NcHem;ta&muf tbdk;MuD;vnf; tdrfxJNyeft0ifrdkU
awmfawmfav;tqifoihfoGm;onf/ NcHab;em; ra,mifrvnfuyf
oGm;NyD; tm;&Sdyg;&SdvSrf;qGJvdkufonfrSm &J,kd&Gufomru tukdif;yg
usdK;usvmonf/ udkif;usdK;aomtoHu tawmfus,favonf/ OD;vS
0if;armifu em;av;vdkUom awmfawmhonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]tJawmh... toD;uif;awGyg udkif;xJygvmwmudk;? b,fwwf


EdkifrSmvJ[,f? igu usdK;apcsifwJhapwemeJU ckd;wmrSr[kwf... tJ tJ
.. cl;wmrS r[kwfwm}}
Nrav;cifu olUukd,fol csufcsif;cGihfvTwfvdkufonf/
[kwfw,fav/ udk,fhudkukd,frS cGihfrvTwf&if b,folu wul;
wuefUvmNyD; cGihfvTwfyhgrvJ/ vdkcsifaomt&Gufekrsm;udk cyfcGuf
oGufaNcG,lvdkufNyD; tudkif;MuD;udk aNrmif;xJypfcsNyD;vQif 'DtaMumif;
udk xyfrHowd&p&mrS rvdkawmhwmyJ/
]]apmawmh? &J,kd&GufawG oefUrSoefU aumif;rSaumif;? ig;clav;
eJUawmh tqifudkaNyvdkU? a':av; b,fu&vmwmvJ}}
]]vrf;xdyfrSm tqifoihfawGUvdkUav? ig;cl0,fxm;wmvnf;
owd&wmeJU}}
Nrav;cifu cyfat;at;aNymonf/ vrf;xdyfrSm tqifoihfawGU
onfuvnf;trSefyif/ ig;clav;awGudk owd&onfuvnf;trSefrdkU
olUpum;xJwGif trSm;wpfcGef;rSrygaMumif;awG;NyD; auseyfíyif ae
rdonf/
]]eufNzefcgus&ifawmh reufapmapmpD;pD; a&rdk;csdK;oeyfcg;
vdrf;NyD;rS oDv,l&r,f/ rsueSmaNymifaNymifMuD;eJUuvnf; raewwf
oDv,lNyD;rS vdrf;aeNyef&ifvnf; raumif;}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

oluawmh oeyfcg;vdrf;&Hkomru rsufcHk;arT;vnf;qGJzkdU vdk


onf/ olUrsufcHk;u yg;vnf;yg;? usJvnf;usJqkdawmh aq;av;rS
wifrxm;vQif? ulrxm;vQif rsufcHk;arT;rygaom rsufeSmu aNymifNzJ
NzJ Nzpfaewwfonf[kxifonf/
aMomf .... rsufcHk;arT;omru EIwf crf;eDav;vnf; vdkonf/
uav;awGvdk teD&ifh&ihf ta&mif&J&JrsdK; awG roHk;aomfvnf;
yef;a&mifaNyaNyav;avmufawmh qkd;xm;aeus Nzpfonf/
olUEIwfcrf;a&mifu cyfNzLNzL cyfazsmhazsmhESihf 'DEIwfcrf;udk
ta&mifwifrxm;vQif vlrrmESihf wlaewwfonf[k xifrdavonf/
xkdUaMumihf aemufwpfaeUusawmh oeyfcg;aNcqHk;acgif;qHk;vdrf;
umrsufcHk;arT;yg;yg;qGJ? EIwfcrf;eDaNyaNyqkd;xm;aom Nrav;cifonf
a,m*Dwbufuav;udk ycHk;ay:wif&if; usHKUusHKU,HkU,HkUxkdifum
oDv,lavonf/
olwdkU wl0&D;oHk;a,mufvHk;u aps;orm;awGqkdawmh tdrfNrJ
Muolrsm;r[kwf/ tdrfrSm qGrf;cHudk,fawmfvnf;r&Sd/ 'Dawmhvnf;
bk&m;ausmif;aqmifa&SUwGif usHKUusHKUxkdifum bk&m;&Sif udk,fawmf
wkdi\
f a&SUarSmufwGif oDv,laeonf[k ESvHk;oGif;xm;&onfrSm
ykdíyif auseyfp&maumif;ao;onf/ odkUaygaomfvnf; &Spfyg;oDv
udk tvGwfr&í pmtkyfMunhf&Gwf&onfudkawmh ]onf;cH cGihfvTwf
awmfrlyg t&SifNrwfbk&m;} [k pdwfxJrS awmif;yef&onf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

wu,fhwu,fuawmh olUukd'u
k ©ay;onfrSm ckepfyg;aNrmuf
oDvNzpfonf/
]]epö? *Dw? 0g'dw? 0doku? 'óe? rmvm*E¨? 0davye?
"m&P? r@me? 0dblweXmem? a0&rPd odu©my'H orm'd,mrd}}
[laomtykd'fNzpfonf/ xdkoDvudk tpDtpOfwus r&Gwfwwf&HkrQru
rnfonfh ygVdpum;onf rnfonfht"dyÜg,fudk &nfnTef;aMumif;
aumif;pGmrod/ tMurf;tm;Nzihfawmh oeyfcg;rvdrf;? yef;ryef?
oDcsif;rqkd? &kyf&SifrMunhf[k oabmaygufxm;onf/
&Spfyg;oDv,lNyD;awmh Nrav;cifonf olUudk,fol oDvapmif
vHkvHkNcHKxm;ovdk vHkNcHKoGm;onf[k cHpm;&onf/
oDv,lNyD;awmh rD;zdkacsmif0ifonf/ a&cJaowÅmxJwGif qm;?
eEGif; e,fNyD;ESyfxm;aom ig;udkxw k f,lum oludkifwkdifcsufonf/
olUwlrESpfa,mufu Muufom;NyKwfaMumfrSvGJí odyfNyD;pdwfcs&
onfr[kwf/
wlrESpfa,mufuawmh uifyGef;csOf&GufacR&if; &kyf&Sifrif;om;
rif;orD;awGtaMumif; pHkatmifaNymMuonf/ NrefrmNynfu rif;om;?
rif;orD;awGtaMumif;vnf;rusef/ tckvuf&Sd olwkdUtonf;pGJae
onfu cspfpHtdrfxJu rif;om;av; ]a,mifa*s;}Nzpfonf/ olUtrnf
&if;u ]&def;}qkdvm;/
]][Jh oluoDcsif;qkdvnf; t&rf;aumif;w,fwJh/ igtacGiSm;
xm;ao;w,f}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]t&yfuvnf; tNrihfMuD;yJaemf}}
]]abmf'Duvnf; awmihfw,f[}}
tif; ]&def;} b,favmufaumif;aumif;? Nrav;cifuawmh ]&if
'g&dkufwmyJ} [kawG;&if; rodromNyHK;rdonf/ cspf&olukd tvdkvdkuf
tMudKufodNyD; MuifemekdifvGef;aom &if'g&dkufwmudk oltckxdrarh/
]]&if'g&dkufwmuawmh taumif;qHk;ygyJ[,f}}
]]a,mifa*s;vnf; aumif;ygw,f}}
]]at; ...aumif;ygw,f? 'gayrJh &ifuydkaumif;wmudk aNymwm
yg}}
]]'guawmh a':av;&,f? ]&if}u toufydkMuD;wmudk;?a,mif
a*s;av;u rel;reyfuav;}}
xdkaeUu xrif;NrdefvSonf/ ig;tcsdK&nf0ifum el;nhHaysmhtdae
aom &J,dk&Gufu rcg;bJ tcsdKbufvkaeonf/ csOfaNyaNyav;ESifh
arT;aeaom uifyGef;&GufcsOf&nf[if;av;u aomufíyifr0/ z&JoD;
ekav;awGuvnf;csdK? c&rf;<uyfoD;uvnf; <uyfqkdawmh cgwkdif;
xuf ESpfqavmuf ydkNyD;pm;0ifaeonf/
]]a':av;u Oykofonfqkdawmh aygifrkefUrD;uif axmywfokwf
av;awmh pm;OD;rSayhg? aumfzDav;vnf; aomufOD;rSNzpfrSmayhg}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

AdkuftifhaeNyDNzpfaomfvnf; wlrawGu aygifrkefUuifaeMuNyef


onfrkdU pm;&Nyefonf/ ]]awmfMum naeusrS qmae&ifcufr,f}} [k
pdk;&drfpdwfESifh aumfzDESifhaygifrkefUwdkUudkomru oD;arT;iSufaysmoD;
wpfvHk;udkyg twif;zdESdyfNyD; AdkufxJodkUodyfxnhfvkdufonf/ q,hfESpf
em&da'gifa'gifxdk;awmh 0rf;AdkufwpfckvHk;Nynhfwif;azmif;um;NyD; rsuf
awmifawG pif;aeNyDNzpfavonf/
'Dawmh ..../
tif; ... 'Dawmhvnf; bmvkyfp&m&SdvkdUvJ/ q,hfESpfem&Dvnf;
xdk;oGm;NyDyJ[m/ tdyf&HkyJ &Sdawmhwmayhg/
zsmacsmav;cif; acgif;tHk;av;csNyD; tomvSJcsvdkuf&onfrSm
t&om&SdvSonf/ avaMumif;usaeoNzihf avuav;uvnf;
wNzL;NzL;ESihfrkdU pif;aeaomrsufawmifonf csufcsif;vdkvdkyif rSdwf
usoGm;onf/
tdyfíaumif;vdkufonfrSm ESpfESpfNcdKufNcdKufyif/ nbuftdyf&o
vdk tdyfrufawGyif rufaeao;onf/ tdyfrufxJwGif ]qnf;qm
&ifckefoH} udk&D;,m;um;udk NyefMunhfae&onf/ wpfckyJaNymif;oGm;
onf/ qef;rDae&mwGifawmh Nrav;cifNzpfaeonf/ &if'g&dkufwm
ae&muawmh aMomf .... &if'g&dkufwmae&muawmh b,faNymif;ygh
rvJ? &if'g&dkufwmyJayghuG,f/
enf;enf;edk;vmvdkuf? rsufawmifNyefpif;vdkuf? tdyfrufquf
rufvdkuf? Nyefekd;vmvdkuf? NyeftdyfvkdufESihf Nrav;cif taotcsmedk;
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

vmawmh naeoHk;em&DausmfNyDNzpfonf/ wif;um;aeaom Adkufu


twefi,favsmhoGm;aomfvnf; qmawmhrqmao;acs/
]]Oykofonfqkdwm w&m;pmtkyfav; zwf&rSmayhgav}}
Nrav;cifu q&mawmfOD;aZmwdu\ ]t&IyfxJrSm &Sif;atmif
ae} [laompmtkyfudkzwfonf/ xkdUaemuf r[mpnfq&mawmfbk&m;
MuD;\ ]t&d,m0gow&m;awmf}udk zwfonf/ pmxJwGif pdwfESpf
xm;&efMudK;pm;aomfvn;f wDAGDzefom;NyifxufwGif *sDtif;u ]0uf0H
av;aumif} oDcsif;qkdaeonf/ olUt&G,f olUt&yf olU&kyf&nfav;
ESifh oDqkdaeyHkrSmcspfp&maumif;aeonfrkdU w&m;pum;awGxJrS &kef;
xGufum *sDtif;wdkU a,mifa*s;wdkUaemufodkU pD;arsmNyD; a&mygoGm;
avonf/
b,ftxdrsm; arsmygoGm;ovJ[k ar;vmvQifawmh &kyf&SifNyD;wJh
txdygoGm;wmyg&Sif[k r&Sufw&Suf rNyHk;wNyHk;ESihf aNzNzpfvdrfhrnf[k
xifygonf/ ]wrifwum &HkrSmoGm;MunhfwmrS r[kwfwm? udk,fhtdrf
udk,fae&if; rsufpda&SUa&mufaevdkU tvdkvkdNrif&wmyJ[m} [kvnf;
rdrdukd,frdrd qifaNcuefaerdonf/
]]MunhfNyD;rSawmh rxl;ygbl;[,f}}
naeckepfem&Dxkd;awmh NrefrmhtoHua&m Nr0wDuyg udk&D;,m;
um;awG NyvmNyefonf/wlrESpfa,mufuMunhfawmh oluvnf;
rMunhfbJ Nrifae&Nyefonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

&Spfem&D owif;vmawmh a&cJaowÅmxJxnhfNyD; tat;cHxm;


aomxef;vsufESihfrefusnf;azsmf&nfudkaomufonf/ xkdUaemuf ]t&d
,m0go} pmtkyfqufzwfonf/ odkUaomf wlrtMuD;u wlrti,f
udk NrdKUxJvrf;rawmfrS vlowfrItaMumif;aNymNyaeonf/ 'Dawmh
vnf; pdwf0ifpm;p&mrkdU t&d,m0goudk ab;csxm;&Nyefonf/
]]rod&if b,folUudkrS wHcg;zGihfray;eJU}}
]]odawmha&m ,Hk&vdkUvm;}}
]][kwfw,fav ... [kd ..,kZeyvmZmem;u qkdifxGufwJholqkd
&if olUtodawGu owfwm}}
]]tJ'g tukodkvfudk raMumufwmayhg}}
olwpfcGef; igwpfcGef;aNym&if; &ifxJ[mvmNyefaomaMumifh ref
usnf;azsmf&nfudk xyfNyD;aomuf&Nyefonf/
ukd;em&dcGJavmuf&Sdawmh wlrawGu wDAGDzGihfMuNyefonf/ w&kwf
um;Munhf&OD;r,fwJh/
]]awmfygNyDuG,f a':av;awmh bk&m;&Spfckd;awmhr,f}}
olua,m*Dwbufuav;ycHk;wifumusHKUusHKUav;xkdifNyD;bk&m;
&Spfckd;onf/ pdwfawGu [dka&mufvdkuf'Da&mufvdkufESihf ysHUvGifhae
awmh oHA'k ¨udkyif tNrD;taNrmufrwnhfcsif/ ESpfcgNyefNyD; qkd&av
onf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]'gayrJh bmbJNzpfNzpf? 'DaeUwpf&ufawmh igOykof&oGm;NyD}}


Nrav;cifu auseyfyDwdpdwfeSihfo\
l ukodkvfaumif;rItpkpkwkdU
udk 31bHkom;wkdUtm; trQa0onf/
]],aeUaqmufwnfcJh&aomOykofoDvukodkvf}} [kvnf;&nfpl;
um oD;Ncm;trQay;a0onf/
]]trQ .... trQ .... trQ ...,lawmfrlMuyg}}
olu av;eufaomtoHESihf trQa0onf/ ol\wlrESpfa,muf
u &kyf&SifMunhf&if; &,faeMuonf/ Mum;yHkr&/
]]olawmfaumif; olNrwfavmif;awGawmh om"kac:rSmtrSefygyJ}}
om"kac:oHrsm;Mum;vdkuf&avrvm;[k Nrav;cif rodromem;
pGihfxm;rdonf/ bmoHrQrMum;&? cPaeawmh bk&m;ausmif;aqmif
axmifhMum;xJwGif uyfaeaom tdrfaNrSmifav;wpfaumifu ]uRwf
... uRwf .. uRwf} [k pkwfoyf ......tJ pkwfxkd;vdkufavonf/

(0g;c,fr txu-1 &mNynfhr*¾Zif;)


0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

toGm;ESifhtNyef

tcsdefu ESif;rIefzGJzGJusaeaom aqmif;wpfn\ q,fem&DNzpf


onf/ ae&muawmh vloGm;vlvmusJyg;aom vrf;oG,fuav;
twGif;&Sd?NcHus,fMuD;wpfNcH\a&SU? taNctaet&aNym&vQifrl vrdkuf
nNzpfNyD; vrf;rD;awGvnf; rvmay/
xkdtcdsef?xkdae&m? xkdtaNctaersdK;wGif *smuiftndkarSmifarSmif
MuD;0wfNyD; cyfukyfukyfvrf;avQmufaeaom olUudktrSwfwrJh Munhf
vQifNrifrdrnfyifr[kwfacs/ xkdUaMumifh olUudkaemufbufr0S ifaqmifh
aom um;udk odyfawmhvnf; tNypfrwifcsifvSacs/
]]iguvnf; tdrfuae reufxGufvm&if b,fawmhrSvufESdyf
"mwfrD; r,lcJhrdbl;? nNyefvmrS owd&awmhwmyJ}}
olu ukd,hfudkukd,ftNypfwif&if; ydawmufyiftkyfMuD;atmuf
okdU cyfaMumufaMumufESihf wkd;0ifoGm;&onf/ arSmif&rnf;&onfh
txJ opf&GufcwfoHu w&SJ&SJESihfNrnfaeonf/ tukdif;&SnfMuD;rsm;u
awmh wEGJUEGJUnGwfaeonf/ olu toufav;q,fESifhav;ESpf&SdNzpf
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

Nzpfí apmifa&aumif;aumif;aom r*¾Zif;wpfc\ k t,f'DwmNzpf


onf/ txufwef;ausmif;om;ESpfa,muf\ zcifvnf;Nzpfonf/
okdUaomf wpfoufESifhwpfudk,f wpfcgrQrNrifzl;bJ i,fpOfuwnf;u
awG;NyD; aMumufcJh&onfho&JrSm ckt&G,fMuD;txd aMumufí rqHk;
aMumufaewkef;yif? tdrfNrefNrefNyefa&mufcsifaZmESihf cyfokwfokwf
avQmuf&if; i,fi,fwkef;u zwfzl;aom wapäyHkukd oGm;owd&awmh
ydkqkd;oGm;onf/ ,uGif;avmufMuD;aom rsufvHk;MuD;t0if;om;ESifh
tarT;pkwfpkwfo&JMuD;u opfukdif;MuD;udk ,D;av;ckdqif;vmNyD; opf
yifatmufrSvlukd vQmMuD;ESihfvdyfcgqGJwifoGm;onfwJh/bk&m; bk&m;
o&JMuD;u opfukdif;udkckdpD;vmNyD;? olUausmudk aNcaxmuftpHkESihf
aqmifhuefvdkufvQifa&m ....? olUcrsm bk&m;wcsdefyif &vdkurf nfr
xif? wpfcgwnf; tedpöoabmESihf udpö acsm ....acsm ...acsm/
awG;írSrqHk;ao;? olUudkaemufausmbufu tiftm;MuD;wpfck
u wtm;ukefaqmihfwGef;vdkufonf/ vlvm;? o&Jvm;? um;vm;?
armfawmfqkdifu,fvm;? bmqkdbmrSef;rodcif olUcrsmvrf;ab;udk
[yfxkd;[yfxkd;ESifh wpdkufpdkufusNyD; av;zufaxmufvsufom;Nzpf
oGm;onf/ xkdUaemuf vrf;ab;aNrmif;xJodkU uRrf;pdkufNyD; zifaxmif
usoGm;avawmhonf/uHtqkd;xJrS taumif;NzpfoGm;onfu aNrmif;
onf us,fNyD;wdrfaomaNrom;aNrmif;NzpfaeNcif;yif?xkdUaMumifhaNrmif;
\abmifESihf acgif;udkaomfvnf;aumif;? &ifbwfudk aomfvnf;
aumif; xyfNyD; r&dkufcwfrdcJhay/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

aNrmif;xJrS vl;vJxNyD; yg;pyfxJ0ifoGm;aom aNrmif;ykyfa&rsm;


udk wzGD;zGD;ESihf axG;xkwfaerdpOf um;wpfpif; b&dwftkyfoHudkMum;&
onf/xkdUaemuf olUtem;odkUvlwpfav,mufa&mufvmonf/ ]b,f
xdoGm;vJ} ]b,femoGm;vJ}Eihf uaomuarsmar;aeonf/ okdU aomf
vnf; wpfa,mufESihfwpfa,mufawmh aumif;aumif;Nrif&onf r
[kwfay/
]]rodbl;a[h ...rodbl;}}
olu 0l;0l;0g;0g;aNzonf? a'goNzpfaeonfrSm rSefaomfvnf;
a'goaMumihf bkaNymonfawmhr[kwfay/ olUudk,fol b,fem;emí
b,fae&mbmNzpfoGm;oenf;? wu,fudk rodao;Ncif;Nzpfavonf/
aNrmif;xJrS &kef;xNyD;aomtcg ol\b,fbufaygif&if;ESihf eHyg;
onf wtm;atmihfaeNyD; nmbufaNcaxmufvnf; aumif;aumif;
axmufr&awmhaMumif; od&onf/
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wJhvl ydkydkrkdrdkaNymNyD; trIzGihfypfvdkuf&&ifawmh rSwfavmuf om;
avmufyJ} [k wpfzufrSawG;rdonf/ okdUaomf usefwpfzufrv S nf;
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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EwfrSaeNyD; ]um;vmvdkU a&Smifvdkufwm ta&SmifvGefNyD; aNrmif;xJ
acsmfusoGm;vdkUAsm} [k aNymrdNyD;om;NzpfoGm;onf/
ywÅa&mif&Jum;ay:rS &,foHawGudkMum;&onf? &THykwfawG ay
usHaeaom olUrsufeSmuvnf; wu,fyif&,fp&mNzpfaeonf xif
onf/&JawGuawmh awmfMu&Smygonf ]tdrfeD;ovm;} ]ydkUay;&rvm;}
taotcsmar;aeMuao;onf/ olUtdrfu a&SUvrf;tauGU av;wGif
[kqdkrS xGufoGm;Muonf/
ywÅa&mif&Jum;xGufoGm;aomtcgrS wpfzufvlcrsm toHxGuf
vmawmhonf/ xkdtcgusrS cyfaNyaNyNypfaeaom a'govdIif; awGu
w0kef;0kef;Nyefxvmonf/ ckewkef;u &Jum;udk twif;Nyef ac:NyD;
w&m;pGJcsifpdwfaygufoGm;onf/aNymyHkuvnf; MunhfygOD;/
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qif;vm&aom olUudkawGUawmh tawmfvefUoGm;yHk&onf/ 'DMum;xJ
olUwpfukd,fvHk;aya&NyD; eHapmfaeawmh ydkNyD;pdk;&drfoGm;avonf/
olu b,folUudkrS bmrS&Sif;Nyraetm; a&csdK;cef;xJodkU axmh
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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0ifwkdufNyD;rS tdrfNyefvdkufydkUaom olaumif;om;udk pum;raNymekdif
Mu? xkdoluawmh {nhfcef;wGiaf MumifpDpDESihf 0ifxkdifaeao;onf/tdyf
rIefpHkrTm;ESihf tcef;xJrS xGufvmaom om;i,fukd ]tpfukdUum;eJU
yGwfrdvdkUaNrmif;xJusoGm;wm}[kaNymonf/ bmrSrodao;aom om;
i,fu olUukd em;rvnfovdkNyefMunhf&if; ]b,folus oGm;wmvJ}
[k Nyefar;avonf/
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toHMum;awmh {nhfonfudkNyHK;Nyum xrif;pm;cef;xJ0ifvmcJh onf/
xrif;pm;cef;xJwGif tpfudku aumfzDazsmfaeonf/ olu ]]{nhfonf
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rif;yJoGm;axmf? igutazhzdkUazsmfaewm}} [k abmuf qwfqwfaNym
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[ef&Sdaom {nhfonfu ]]tpfudku reufusrS vmcJrh ,faemf}} [kaNym
um xNyefoGm;avonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

cscs aNrmif;ykyfeHUuvnf; raysmufcsif? ESm&dk;xJtxdpGJ0ifNyD; touf


&Ivdkufwkdif; ykyftJhtJhteHUu rwdwxdusnfp,faeonf/
]]at;vdkufwm? awmfygawmhvdkUqdk}}
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zl;zl;a,mifum ydkNyD;emvmNyDNzpfavonf/
]]b,fbufaygif&if;uvn;f emoa[h? um;eJUaqmifhvdkufwJh
'PfyJxifyg&JU ....}}
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wbufESihf aNcmufatmifokwfay;aecsdefwGif om;MuD;u aumfzDylyl
aomufckdif;aeonf/ om;i,fuawmh olUtar aq;NrpfawGxnhf
aom zmuav;xJrS 0iftlNrpfudk arTaESmufNyD; &SmazGaeonf/
]][m ... tazhaygif&if;rSmvnf; ndkNyD;rnf;aewmyJ? Munhpf rf;yg
OD;tar}}
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onf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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om;i,fu aq;NrpfESpfckudk vmNyonf/
]]tJ'g evifausmf? 0iftlr[kwfbl;? at; tJ'gurS 0iftl? uJ
tJ'gudkoGm;aoG;? rsm;rsm;&atmifaoG;cJh}}
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tdyfaq; tukefvHk;udkwaygif;wnf;,lcJhum aumfzDylylESihw
f kdufonf/
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tom;aMuaMu t&dk;qufquf? 'gvdrf;xm;wmu taumif;qHk;yJ}}
ol\aygif&if;ESihfaNczrdk;wdkUudk 0iftlNrpfaoG;xm;onfhtESpfrsm;
xlxltHkum vdrf;ay;onf/ vdrf;ay;ae&if; ]om;MuD;a& tazhudk
tusF Dxlxlxyf0wfay;OD;} [kaNymaeNyefonf/
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aumif;vm;? *&dwfa0gaumif;rvm;}}
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yl&Sdef;ESifh aeíaumif;vmonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

rdom;pk\ aEG;axG;aomarwÅmaMumihfvn;faumif;? cE¨mudk,f


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tpGrf;NyaomaMumifh vnf;aumif;? arS;idkufNyD; tdyfcsifvmonf/
]]aq;vdrf;wmawmh vdrf;wmayhg? 'gayrJh eHab;atmihfaew,f
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oihfw,fxifw,f}}
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olu NyD;pvG,faNzonf? tdyfcsifaeNyD/
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rsufvHk;u twefi,fus,foGm;onf/
olUudkum;ESifhwkdufonfhol? olUudktdrfNyefydkUonfhol? tm;rem
vQmrusdK; olUudk]bMuD;}[kac:oGm;aomol? xkdol teSDolukd rnfol
rSef;olrodvdkuf? ,kwfpGtqHk; emrnfav;yifrodvdkuf/
]]rif; ar;rMunhfbl;vm;}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]ar;Edkifrvm;awmh? &Sifum;ay:uqif;vmwJhyHkudkvnf; Munhf


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tJ'Dvlukd emrnfar;zkdUaeaeomom NzLovm;?rnf;ovm;awmif
rodvdkufbl;}}
]]toufoHk;q,favmuf ... tom;uawmh cyfvwfvwfyJ}}
olu rSwfrdorQaNzawmh rdef;ru ydkNyD;pdwfwkdoGm;[ef&Sdonf/
om;ESpfa,mufuawmh usdwfNyD;&,faeMuonf/
]]olUvufcsufeJU 'DvkdNzpfoGm;wm "mwfrSef&dkufzdkU? tmx&m
aqmif;&dkufzdkUavmufawmh olodwwfoihfwmayhg? wm0ef,loihfwm
ayhg? tckawmh wcsDwnf;vpfcsoGm;NyD}}
]]reufvmr,fvdkU aNymoGm;w,farar}}
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Munhfonf? EIwfcrf;udkrJhonf/
]]'DrSmom;&JU? olwdkufwmudk b,folrS rNrifbl;?rodbl;}}
rdef;ru a'goESihfaNymawmh olu&ifxJwGif xdwfceJNzpfoGm;
onf/ ywÅa&mif&Jum; a&mufvmonfhtaMumif;udk olUrdef;rtm;
b,fawmhrSraNymrd&ef owdxm;&rnfNzpfaMumif; olUudkol owday;
onf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]olUudkb,forl Sef;? b,furSef;? tkd .... aemufqHk;emrnfav;


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xifovm; ... [Gef; ....a0;ygao;&JU? aNc&mazsmufoGm;rSmayhg}}
]]vmr,fxifyg&JUuGm}}
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Z0gNzpfaeyHkyif/
]]vmrSmyg arar&JU}}
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NyD; ]at; vmrSmyguG} [kaxmufcHrdonf/
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rSef; rodwm? eifwkdUom;tzwpfawG csrf;omygvdrfhr,f tm;MuD;MuD;
uJ aNymygOD; um;eHywfa&m rSwfrdvm;}}
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rsufcGHawGu av;usvmonf/ olUrdef;ru rdef;rxJurdef;ryJrkdU?
ydkufqHtdwfxdrSmawmh tawmfpdk;&drf[ef&Sdonf/ vlvnf;em? tvkyf
tudkifvnf;ysuf 'DMum;xJydkufqHvnf;ukef&OD;rnfqkdawmh rcHcsdrcH
omNzpfaeyHk&onf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]olUMunhf&wm? &JawGvmwkef;u trIzGihfvdkufrSmudkawmh pdk;&drf


aeyHkyJ? iguvnf; olrsm;pdwf'ku©a&mufatmif rvkyfcJhygbl;av?
tif; ... vmwm rvmwmuawmh olUtodpdwf"mwfeJUolyJayhgav
.... b,fwwfekdifrSmvJ}}
*Grf;apmifxlxlMuD;NcHkxm;í aEG;axG;oufomaeaomolu arS;
arS;idkufidkufESihf awG;onf/ aemufawmh wzspfawmufawmufESihf
rausreyfaNymaeaomrdef;r\ pum;oHu wNznf;Nznf;a0;? a0;NyD;
wkd;í oGm;avonf/
xkdUaemuf tdyfrufrufonf? tdyfrufxJwGif olUudkaemufrS0if
wkdufrnfhum;udk olu vSvSyy ckef;NyD;a&Smifvdkufonf/ um;armif;
ol? olaumif;om;u 0JysHNyD;a&Smifvkdufaom olUudk wtHhwMoMunhf
&if; vufckywfwD;um Mobmay;onf/ xdkUaemufaNymonfu
]awmfvdkufwm bMuD;&m} wJh/
&Judk rwkdifvdkuf&onfhtwGuf tdyfrufxJwGif 'kwd,tMudrf
aemifw&rdvdkufNyefonf/

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]tpfudka& .... tpfudk .. x ..x}}


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]][dkvla&mufaew,f}}
]]b,fvlvJ}}
]]tpfudkUudk um;eJUwkdufwJholav}}
]]a[...a&mufvmNyDvm;}}
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uyfaNymonf/
]]vmrSmygvkdU igaNymom;yJ}}
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om;udkvnf; tawmfaus;Zl;wifoGm;onf/ olom ay:rvmvQif
olUrdef;r\ axmyemNyKNcif;ukd rMumcPcHae&rnfNzpfaMumif; olod
xm;onf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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aeao;aomfvn;f tawmfoufomoGm;onf/ aNczrdk;uvnf; raeU
wkef;uavmuf ra,mifawmhacs/
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aemufwywfxJ NyefxGuf&rSmwJh? ywÅa&mifum;vmwkef;u tpfudk
omwkdifvdkufvdkU? trINzpf&if olU&ufeJUol rNyefedkifbJ Nyóemwuf
rSmwJh}}
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onfukd odaomfvnf; rdef;ru auseyfaeNyefonf/ oGm;yGwfwHay:
wGif oGm;wkdufaq;wifNyD; tdyf&mem;xd ,lvmay;onf/
{nhfcef;xJwGifawmh om;ESpfa,mufu {nhfonfESifh pum;aNym
aeMuyHk&onf/ pum;aNymoH? &,foHawG Mum;ae&onf/
]]nDav;wkdUtaz [yfxdk;[yfxkd;eJU vJusoGm;wmNrifawmh vl
udk NymoGm;wmyJ .... &kwfw&ufcsufcsif; ...armif;aNy;csifpdwfawmif
aygufoGm;wm}}
olu {nhfcef;xJrxGufao;bJ twefi,f&Snfaeaom rkwf
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awGUygrS ]bMuD;}ac:rdonfudk tm;emrnf Nzpfonf/
]]aemufrS olUcrsmwpfa,mufxJ? usdK;yJhaygufNyJoGm;&if b,fvdk
vkyfyghrvJqkdNyD; ... aNy;qif;vmrdwm}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]azazu arSmufvsufvJaewmvm;}}
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]]nDav;wdkUtazu wu,hfolawmfaumif;? &Juar;awmh um;
vmvdkUa&Smifvdkufwm? ta&SmifvGefNyD; aNrmif;xJuswmygwJh ... olU
taNzudkMum;&awmh b,fvdkNzpfoGm;rSef;rodbl;? tpfudkU&ifxJrSmudk
pdrfhoGm;wmyJ}}
{nfhonf\toHu wnfMunfav;eufoGm;onf/
]][kdekdifiHawGrSmu xpfceJqkd w&m;pGJaeMuwm? wpfa,mufeJU
wpfa,muf avsmfaMu;trsdK;rsdK;awmif;aeMuwm...om;trd? om;tz
csif;awmifvSnhfywfw&m;pGJaeMuwmuG,fh .... tckvdk wpfcgrS rNrif
bl;wJh wpdrf;udkcGihfvTwfNyD; arwÅmxm;Edkifw,fqkdwmudk udk,fwdkif
MuHKawmhrS wu,fhudk MuufoD;xatmifcHpm;&w,f? tJ'gwkdUNrefrm
vlrsdK;awG&JU wu,fht&if;cHpdwfyJ}}
vdIufvSJpGmaNymaompum;oHudk em;axmif&if; oluauseyfpGm
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'DvdkyJ? tmCmwpdwfudk MuD;atmifrarG;wwfbl;} [k pdwfxJrS xyf
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

vHk;tpHudkNrif&HkrQESihf olU&ifxJrS arwÅmw&m;onf olUudk,folyif


rodvdkufbJ ekd;Mum;oGm;cJhavonf/
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&J'ku©a&mufaeMuwmNrifawmh wwfEdkiforQ ay;MuauR;Muao;wm
yJ}}
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wm} [k &,fcsifpdwfESihfawG;rdonf/
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awmh tpfudkMuD;udk b,folb,f0grSef; b,folurS rodvkdufbl;?
emrnfawmif rodvdkufMubl;qkdawmh araruawmifaNymaewm ...
NyefvmrSm r[kwfygbl;wJh}}
om;i,f\toHudkMum;&awmh olUrdef;ru eJeJwGefUoGm;onf/
]olU[mol vGwfuRwfaeNyD[m? Nyefvmr,fxifovm; ... [Gef; a0;
ygao;&JU} [ka'gESifharmeSihfaNymcJhonfudk Nyefowd&[efESihfNyHK;
a,mifa,mifNzpfoGm;onf/
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ESpfq Nyefay;&rSmayhg}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

at;csrf;aomtoHu em;pnfudk &dkufcwfNyD; eSvHk;om;xJpD;0if


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onf/ cktcsdefrSm rodem;rvnfpGmESihf olUudk bMuD;ac:ac: tbdk;
ac:ac: pdwfqkd;rnfyif r[kwfawmhay/
olu rdef;r\ycHk;ukdzufum aNcaxmufudk cyfqqaxmuf
Munhfonf/ wpfvSrf;? ESpfvSrf;? vSrf;NyD;awmh qufrvSrf;awmhbJ
&yfvdkufonf/
]]emvdkUvm; tpfudk}}
]]r[kwfbl; arT;vdkU}}
rdef;r\qHxHk;wGif &pfacGyefqifxm;aom ca&uHk;av;u
woif;oif;arT;ysHUaeonf/ ca&yef;av;rsm;onf NrefrmNynfwGif
aygrsm;vSacsonf/ NrefrmNynftNyif tNcm;rnfonfhEdkifiHrsm;wGif
&Sdoenf;/ olrod tcsdKUaom ta&SUwkdif;EdkifiHrsm;wGif &Sdaumif;&Sd
rnfNzpfaomfvnf; Nrefrmrav;rsm;vdk tNrwfwedk;yefqifonfudk
awmh rawGUzl;ay/ taemufekdifiHrsm;wGifawmh ca&yifvn;fr&Sd?
ca&yef;vnf;ryGihf? yef;vnf; ryefMuay/
]]pdwfapwemqkdwm tvsm;? teHr&Sdbl; rdef;r&JU}}
olu oif;oif;ysHUysHUca&eHUudk ESpfoufpGm &I&if;wkd;wkd;aNym
onf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

rdef;ru bmrSNyefraNym? olUacgif;u ca&yef;uHk;av;udk


vufESihf tomt,mprf;&if; el;nHhpGmNyHK;aeavonf/

(Nrefrmh*kPf&nfr*¾Zif;? 2001-ckESpf)
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

udkESHaumif\ aqmif;&moD

xdkaeUnu va&mifav; rvif;wvif;omum ESif;rIefawG wzGJ


zGJusaeonf/ pmar;yJGvnf; wNznf;Nznf;eD;vmNyDrkdU pmMunhfpm;yGJ
wGif NrJNrJxdkif&efMudK;pm;Mu&onf/ tcef;xJatmif;NyD; pmusuf&
onfudk NiD;aiGUyifyef;vmvQif tcef;rD;ydwfNyD; tcef;a&SUu vloGm;
vrf;xGufí xdkifavh7Sdonfu *sDa[mol (pufrIwuúodkvfrdef;u
av;aqmifae ausmif;olrsm;) tm;vHk;\ tusihfyifNzpfonf/ vwf
qwfat;Nraom avNynfat;udk &dIufí&I&if; taqmmifa&SUrS
abmvHk;uGif;MuD;udk ai;MunhfaevdkufvQif pmusuf&oNzihf ukefoGm;
aom tiftm;rsm;u wNznf;Nznf;Nyefí Nynhfvmwwfonf/
*sDa[ma&SUu uwÅ&mvrf;uav;? vrf;uav;\ [kdbufwGif
abmvHk;uGif;? abmvHk;uGif;\[dkbufwGif pufrIwuúodkvfaq;&Hk
0yf0yfykykuav;? aq;&HkESihf "m;vG,fckwfavmufwGifawmh us,f0ef;
Nrifhrm;aom xrif;pm;cef;rMuD;? xrif;pm;cef;\aemufbufwGif
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

qihfvsuf&Sdonfu at? bD? pD? 'D? tD;? tufzf a,musFm;av;aqmif


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*sDa[ma&SUu NrifuG,f;us,fMuD;Nzpfavonf/
pufrIwuúodkvfq&mrsm;\aetdrfu ausmif;olaqmiftvGef
wGif&Sdavonf/ xdkUaMumifhtdrfrSausmif;? ausmif;rStdrfkdU oGm;avh
Nyefavh&Sdaomq&m? q&mrwkdU\um;tcsdKUavmufom *sDa[ma&SUu
vrf;uav;awG NzwfoGm;Muonf/ tanmif;aNyvrf;avQmufoGm;
aom q&m? q&mrtcsdKUESihftvkyform;tcsdKUvnf; vrf;avQmufí
Nzwfwwfonf/ wpfcgwpf&HrSom oGm;&if;vm&if;udpö&Sdí *sDa[m
a&SUu NzwfavQmufusaom ausmif;om;rsm;udkum; *sDa[molrsm;
u b,fnm pnf;csufususatmfay;um aemufwwfaNymifwwf
onf/ nbufa&mufí vlvHk;odyfruGJawmhaom tcsdefa&mufvQif
awmh q,fcg wpfcgavmufwGifom rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;NyD; a&muf
vmaom ausmif;om;rsm;u oDcsif;qkdavh&Sdonf/
'DaeUawmh awmfawmfxl;Ncm;onf/ *sDa[ma&SUu vrf;ay:rSm
r[kwf? abmvHk;uGif; 'DbuftpyfrSmvnf; r[kwf? abmvHk;uGif;
tv,fwGif ausmif;om;wpfpkxkdifNyD; oDcsif;qkdaeMuonf/ abmvHk;
uGif;tv,fqdkawmhvnf; *sDa[molESihf awmfawmfav;vSrf;oGm;NyD
Nzpfavonf/ olwdkU\yHkpHu olwkdU[molwkdU vGwfvGwfvyfvyfqkd
csifwD;csifvdkU OD;aESmuftnD;aNzcsifvdkU? abmvHk;uGif;xJwGif us,f
us,fNyefUNyefUvmí qkdNcif; wD;Ncif;Nzpfonf/ *sDa[molawGudk vmí
arQmfNcif;r[kwf[k wdwdvif;vif;Nywfom;pGm qkdvdk[ef&Sdavonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]yHkpHudku ... igwkdUukd ta&;rpdkufbl;vkdUaNymwmayhgav}}


cifcsdKu rcHcsifovdkaNymawmh a0a0ESihfarmfarmfu
]]aMomf .... igwkdUawGuvnf;? *&kpdkufcsifp&m vSwyw? acsm
awm armawmav;awG [kwfvkdUvm; .... [}} [kaNymum&,faeMu
onf/ cPaeawmh tv,fxyfuaX;aX;ESihfr0ga&m? [dkbufaxmihf
qHk;tcef;u EG,fat;ESihfoufoufrGefa&m a&mufvmMuonf/ cifcsdK
wdkUtcef;onf tay:qHk;oHk;xyf\tpGefcef;Nzpfonf/ avw[l;[l;
wdkufum tat;NzpfoNzihf olUtvdkvdkpk&yftNzpf owfrSwfNyD;om;Nzpf
aeonf/ rrcifa&mufvmawmh olUvufxJwGif vufzufokyfarmuf
armuf wpfyef;uefygvmonf/ axG;axG;u qD;oD;aNcmufxkyfawG
,lvmum NzdK;a0u rpDrmqD;Nym;awG,lvmoNzihf cifcsdKwkdU\ pum;
0dkif;onf pdkpkdNynfNynfNzpfoGm;onf/
]]olwkdU ta&;rpdkufwmudk .... udk,fu ta&;rpkduf&if ta&;r
pdkufNcif;[m ta&;rpdkufNcif;yJ tqHk;owfoGm;rSmrkdU ... ta&;MuD;wm
u ta&;rpdkufbJ aezdkUygyJ}}
&Sif;&Sif;av;aNymvdkU&aompum;udk ar0if;armfu ol\xHk;pHt
wkdif; &IyfaxG;oGm;atmifaNymavonf/ pufrIwuúodkvfausmif;om;
rsm;u pufrIwuúodkvfausmif;olrsm;udk yHkrvmygbl;? wdkufa*gawG
[k aNymaeus?ESdrfaeusNzpfonf/ xdkokdESdrfyifESdrfaeaomfNim;vnf; *sD
a[modkUa&mufvmaom arwÅmpmrsm;um;renf;vSacs/ pHy,fwifrSJU
av;ESihf ,Ofppav;vSaom ar0if;armfudkvnf; cspfcifMuifemol
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

awG tawmfrsm;avonf/ xkdUaMumihf rJrJvHk;vHk; ykyk00uav;rdkU


]tnmxef;vsuf} [ktrnfwGifaeaom a&TaX;u ....
]]aMomf ....wef;pDZ,m;rsm;wJholrsm;usawmhvnf; aNymtm;&Sd
wmayhgav? ydkae&if wpfa,mufavmufrQygvm;uG,f}} [kaNym&if;
&,faeavonf/
]]aiGawmfoma&mifNcnf ... xdefvif;awmhwnf? bHkBudK;NywfwJh
rdk;ewfr[D...wu,fcspfygonf? a&TarwÅmtaMumif;quf aygif;zuf
rnf}}
abmvHk;uGif;tv,frS oDcsif;oHNzpfonf/
]]xdefMunf ... va&mifwef;awmh ...tvGrf;ydkygwnf? cspfol&Sd
&if ..... }}
cHPm;csuftNynhfESihf qkdaeaomoDcsif;oHudk em;axmif&if;
cifcsdKu [yfceJ&,fum olUab;rSaxG;axG;\aygifudk ykwfvdkuf
onf/
]][Jh ... 'DtoH igodw,f}}
]]igvnf; odw,f ...qdwfukvm;}}
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rod? rkwfqdwfarT;ikwfpdpdav;udk w,kw,arG;xm;onf/ e*dku
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

wnf;u tom;ndkndk? rIefukwfukwf&SdaomrsufeSmwGif rkwfqdwf


arG;xyfwdk;vmawmh b,fuaeb,fvdkNzpfNyD; qdwfESihfwloGm;onf
rod/ qdwfukvm;[laom trnfwpfckudk ykdifqkdifoGm;avawmh
onf/
]]olu ... tJ'DoDcsif;wpfyk'fyJ ... &wmav}}
]]aemufNyD; ... olUtoHu oeJUweJU ruGJbl;av[m}}
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rsm;udkOmPfuGefUNrL;um a&;pGJ&if; psmef0ifoGm;aomtcgrsdK;wGif EIwf
rStvdkvdok Dcsif;av;rsm; nnf;rdwwfMuonf/ qdwfukvm;uvnf;
olMudKufaeaom bDtD;'DrS q&mravmif;av;udk&nf&G,fum .....
]]q&mrudkyJtonf;pJGcspfawmhrnf}}[laom oDcsif;av;udkoDqkdavh&Sd
onf/ oESihfxGuf&rnhf toHxGufrsm;udkawmh ryD&Smacs/ w0rf;yl
toHESihf tpm;xkd;um qdkoGm;wwfonf/
]]qdwfukvm;u ... bmvdkUrkwfqdwfxm;&wmvJ[if}}
]][Jh ... igb,fodrSmvJ}}
]]olUrsufeSm ...qdwfeJUwloGm;wm rodbl;vm;}}
]]at; ... at; r0gu ar;aew,fvdkU igaNymay;r,f}}
]][kwfygbl;? igu wu,fodcsifwmyg? opfyifrSmt&GufEkek
av;awGawGU&if ... ol... pm;csifvm;rodbl;aemf}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]bmNzpfvdkUvJ}}
]]igu...t&GufEkekav;rsm; a0aewmawGU&if tm;MuD;pm;csifwm
yJ? 'ghaMumihf ... igt&ifb0u qdwfrsm;NzpfcJhom;vdkUyg}}
ea0wdrfawmifESihfaNymaom r0gukdMunhf&if; armfarmfu wtm;
&,fvdkuf&m yg;pyfxJrSqD;oD;aNcmufu vnfacsmif;xJNyKwfusNyD;
eifaeonf/ a&wpfaomufaomufum vnfacsmif;udk renf;oyfcs
&if; ...
]]ukdukdqdwfu ... tckawmh .. eihu
f dkowdr&ygvm; ..cifcif
qdwf&JU}} [k raNymomaNymom aNymaeao;onf/
cPaeawmh qdwfukvm;\ toHwdwo
f Gm;onf/
]]aeUnxm0pOfvJyJ .... armifhpdwfxJrSmuG,f ...cifhrsufeSmom
&nfrSef; ...}} [laomoDcsif;oHudkMum;&onf/ 'Dwpfa,mufu pum;
vnf; yDoonf? toHaetoHxm;a&m qkd[efa&mydkNyD;em;axmif
aumif;avonf/cyfvSrf;vSrf;urkdU cyfwkd;wkd;omMum;&aom oDcsif;
oHukd pdkuíf em;axmifaerdMuonf/
]]NrwfpGmbk&m;tavmif;awmfawmif ...b0aygif;rsm;pGm wd&pämef
NzpfcJhao;wm? igwkdUomqkd&ifawmh aNymraeeJUawmh}}
armfarmfu &yfoGm;aompum;ukd Nyefíaumufonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]'gaMumihfvn;f .... b0eD;&if eD;ovdk? eD;pyf&m wlwwfMuwm


NzpfrSm[}} [kqufaNymavonf/
]]tJ'g[kwfrSmyJ? igwkdUNrdKUu 0ufom;a&mi;fwJh 0ufom;onf
MuD;&JUrsufeSmu 0ufeJUtawmfwlw,f}} a&TaX;u axmufcHonf/
]]tHrm ... Muufwla&G;eJUwlwJholvnf; &Sdw,faemf? 0if;armf ...
eifwkdUtcef;xJu t,fvDemu Muufwla&G;eJUrwlbl;vm;}}
]]at;[ q&mOD;NzdK;ausmfusawmh odef;iSufBuD;eJUwlovdyk Jaemf?
olUrsufvHk;uvnf; pl;awmufaewmyJ}}
]]wcsdKUusawmh arsmufb0uvmwm odomvdkufwm}}
]]ausmif;vcay;wJhae&mu vlBuD;usawmh Nrif;MuD;eJUwlw,f
aemf? ol&,fvkduf&if Nrif;[DovdkyJ}}
]]iguawmh ... bJb0ursm; vmovm;rodbl;? igvrf;avQmuf
wmu .... bJvdkyJ? um;&m;um;&m;eJUqkd}}
cifEG,fat;u yg;pyfuaNym&HkrubJ wu,fxNyD;vrf;avQmuf
Nyawmh cifcsdKUwkdUwpfawG tlemukefonf/ olvr;favQmufyHkrSm
aemufzufuMunhfvQif bJESihfwlonfuvnf; trSefyif/
]]ig i,fi,fwkef;u ... awmfawmft&kyfqkd;w,f[Jh}}
axG;axG;u 0ifaNymNyefonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]BuD;vmrS vSwmwJh}}
]]b,folu vSw,faNymvdkUvJ ...[}}
]]'Dvdkav[m ... i,fi,fwkef;uxuf ydkNyD;Munhfaumif;vmwm
udk aNymwmaygh[m .... eifwkdUuvJ}}
]]tJ'Dawmh ....}}
]]tJ'Dawmh ...igua'gif;rsdK;ayhg}}
]]atmifrav;[....a'gif;ra&}}
axG;axG;udk 0dkif;xk&if; &,foHawG qlnHukefawmh taqmifrI;
u tay:wufvmonf/ vufzufvnf;ukefNyD? rpDrmvnf;ukefNyD
Nzpfonf? aemufxyfarQmfvihfp&mvnf; bmrSr&Sdawmhacs/ xkdUaMumifh
taqmifrI;rqlcif tNrefvlpkcGJum udk,hftcef;xJudk,f 0ifaNy;Mu
avonf/
tcef;xJa&mufawmh pOf;pm;vufpNzpfaom NywdkufyHkpHi,fudk
qufípOf;pm;&if; vlESihf wd&pämeftaMumif;udk cifcsdKarhoGm;onf/
odkUaomf ar0if;armfuawmh arh[efrwlay/ ocsFmwpfyk'fukd wGuf
vdkuf csufvdkufESihf csmvnf&dkufum taNzxkwfr&bJ&Sdae&mrS ....
]][kwfw,f ...cifcsdK&JU}} [k t&if;r&Sd tzsm;r&SdaNymonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]vlESihf wd&pämef[m enf;enf;pDawmh wlaew,fqdkwm [kwf


w,f[}} [kqufaNymaomtcgusrS ckewkef;u taMumif;t&mawG
u olUacgif;xJrS xGufroGm;ao;onfudk od&onf/
]]igpOf;pm;aewm ... odvm;? udkarmifarmifpef;u yk&GufqdwfeJU
wlw,f xifw,f}}
]]MuHMuHzefzef[m}}
udkarmifarmifpef;onf ar0if;armf\tcspfyef;udk qGwfvSrf;edkif
&ef BudK;pm;aeolNzpfonf/ tom;nkdnkd? t&yf&Snf&SnfESihf &dkusdK;ESdrfh
csaomtrlt&m&Sdonf/ olUwGif yk&GufqdwfESihfwlaom tcsuft
vufukd cifcsdKrNrif/ wlcsif;wlvQif opfukvm;tkwfESihfwlonf[k qkd
onfurS a&;aw;aw;&Sdao;onf/
]]&kyfudkaNymwmr[kwfygbl;? pdwfukdaNymwmyg}}
0if;armfu wkd;wdk;av;&,favonf/
]]olu t&rf;BudK;pm;w,f?vkyfp&m&SdwJhtvkyfqkd&ifvnf; b,f
awmhrS ckdcdkuyfuyfr&Sdbl;}}
]][kwfw,f .... tJ'gawmh[kwfw,f}}
]]usLwdk&D,,frSma&m? y&,fwDu,frSma&m? qmaA;csdefrSma&m
wGufp&musufp&m? xrf;p&m? ydk;p&mtm;vHk; ol'dkifcHvkyfwmyJ}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]][kwfw,f .... 0if;armf&JU? Munhf&wm en;fen;fysif;p&m


aumif;ayr,hf &kd;om;w,f? MudK;pm;w,f tJh'gawmhtrSefyJ}}
cifcsdKu axmufcHonf/ olUudk olrsm;ausmif;om;awGvdk [D;
av;[m;av;vkyfaewm wpfcgrSrawGUzl;ay/tm;vQif pmMunhfwkduf
xJ0ifum pmzwfaewwfonf/ 'Dvdkusawmhvnf; ar0if;armf aNym
wm [kwfwkwfwkwf[k vufcH&awmhrnfNzpfonf/ ol\b0onf
MudK;pm;rI? tvkyfvkyfrw
I kdUNzihf wnfaqmufxm;aom b0Nzpfav
onf/
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ESmopf? oGm;wkdufum bk&m;&Spfckd;onf/ NcifaxmifcsNyD; tddyfawmh
rnf[k [efNyifawmh ar0if;armfu vSrf;aNymNyefonf/
]]udkoef;0if;atmifuawmh .... ESHaumifeJU wlw,f}}
]]vkyfvdkuf[ .... rd0if;armf}}
cifcsdKu pdwfxJrSa&&Gwfrdonf/ ol\vlESihf wd&pämef#Dum
awmh us,fonfxuf us,fvmacsNyD/ 'DyHkeSihfqkdvQif 'DntdyfrStdyf&
ygavrnfvm;rod/
]]oluawmh ... [m;zdkUaysmfzdkUyJ}}
[kwfonf/ ukdoef;0if;atmifu vlaysmfvlaemufwpfOD;Nzpf
onf/ olUudkausmif;cef;xJ? vufawGUcef;xJxuf aumf&pf'gESihfpm;
aomufqkdifwGifom tawGU&rsm;onf/ ausmif;ac:csdef 75%rNynhf
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

oNzihf rMumcPac:NyD; owday;cH&olvnf;Nzpfonf/ usLwkD&D,,f


tcsdefrsm;wGifvnf; udkarmifarmifpef;wkdUvdk ausmif;om;awGBudK;pm;
yrf;pm; wGufaecsdefwGif olu &D;wD;a,mifawmifvkyfaewwfolNzpf
onf/ NyD;aomtcgrS ]]a[haumifawG ...NyD;NyDvm; ...rSef&JUvm; ..at;
rSefw,fqkd&ifay;}} [kvSrf;awmif;um tukeful;csavh&SdolNzpfonf/
olUudkvnf; ausmif;om;awGu apwemydkMu? cifrifMuonf/
olu racsmaomfvnf; ol\tpfrawG? nDrawGu awmfawmfacsm
onf[kMum;zl;onf/ ausmif;om;BuD;awGu yg;pyft&omcHNyD;olUudk
]a,mufz}[kac:avh&SdMuonfudkvnf; olu wpfcgrQ pdwfrqkd;zl;
acs/
]]aeygOD; ... ar0if;armf&JU? eifu yk&GufqdwfudkMudKufvm;?
ESHaumifukd BudKufvm;}}
]]eifqkd&ifaum ....}}
]][ .... olwdkUu ighudkBudKufwmrSr[kwfwm? eihfukdBudKufwm?
igu Mum;xJuaeNyD; .... b,folUudk0ifBudKuf&rSmvJ}}
wpfcef;wGif oHk;a,mufae&Ncif;Nzpf&m cifcsdKESihf0if;armfu [dk
bufNcifaxmif? 'DbufNcifaxmif? udk,hfNcifaxmifxJudk,f0ifNyD; cyf
us,fus,favaygaeMuawmh wwd,NcifaxmifxJwGif ykwD;pdwf ae
aomr,ku pdwfwdkvm[efESifh xatmfonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]yk&GwfqdwfukdBudKufBudKuf? ESHaumifudk...BudKufBudKuf? BudKufcsif


&mudkBudKuf?ta&;BuD;wmu vdyfudkrBudKufrdzdkUyJ? vdyfomqkd&ifawmh
olUbufcsnf;yJ ol,ufoGm;vdrfhr,f? awmfNyD tdyfMuawmh}}
acgif;ykoGm;Buaom cifcsdKESihfar0if;armfu csufcsif;NidrfoGm;
awmh r,kauseyfoGm;onf/ bk&m;qufí&Sdckd;um vSJítdyfonf/ ol
atmfwmudk bmrSNyefraNymbJ NidrfcHaeaomaMumifh pdwfauseyfoGm;
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vdk0wfpm;vmMurnfukd olvnf;pdwf0ifpm;aeygonf/tNywftowf
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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armifudwfudk NyHk;Nyonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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wmawudkvefaeMuwmyJ/ ckewkef;u rif;&JUBuD;a':uaNymw,f?em;
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

vnfwmuawmh em;vnfaewmyJ ....wJh? ri;fb,fvdkoabm&vJ?


aqmufvkyfw,fqkdwmudk apmufvkyfvkdUaNymaewmudk b,fvdkvkyf
NyD; em;vnf&rSmvJ/ tJ'Dpum;ESpfcGef;[m trsm;BuD;vGJw,f/ trsm;
BuD;uGJoGm;w,f/ t"dyÜg,frwlbl;/ toHxGufvnf; rwlbl;}}
]][kwfwmayhg}}
armifudwfu acgif;ndwfonf/ [kwfygonf/ rSefygonf/
]]aNymcsifovdkaNymMu .... Nyifr,hfolvnf; r&Sd}}
]]&Sdygw,fawmf ... Nrefrmh&kyfoHrSm Nrefrmpm Nrefrmpum;?Nrefrm
o'´gawGtaMumif; naeydkif;vmwmawGav/ rSm;avh&Sdwm rSm;aeMu
wmawGudk Zmwfvrf;awGqifNyD;Nyaewm b,favmufaumif;vJ}}
]]at; ..... [kwfw,f? tJ'u
D @odyfaumif;w,f}}
OD;BuD;u csufcsif;axmufcHonf/ xkdUaemuf armifudwfbufudk
vSnhfNyD; -
]]rif;BunhfNzpf&JUvm; armifudwf/ odyfaumif;w,faemf}} [kaNym
onf/ armifudwfu oGm;av;NzD;um Nidrfaeonf/ trSeftwkdif; 0ef
cH&vQif olrMunhfNzpf/
]]tJ'gawG cufwmayhguG/ rif;wkdUvli,fawGu iSufaysmoD;udk
tom;vTihfypfNyD; tcGHompm;wwfMuwmrsdK;awG/ ukd&D;,m;um;us
awmhrS wDAGDa&SUudk w0kef;0ef;aNy;vmwwfBuwJh[mawG}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

OD;BuD;u rausreyfaNymonf/ 'DvdkyHkpHESihfqdkvQif OD;BuD;qDu


ZdewÅyumoeDpmtkyfiSm;zkdUyif vG,fulvdrhfrnfr[kwf/ taruol\
tpfudkBuD;taMumif; twGif;odrdkU ......
]]tarvnf; rsufrSeftopfvkyfNyD;rS pmzwfvdkUaumif;aewm/
tpfukdBuD;qDu pmtkyfiSm;&rSmvnf; cyfaMumufaMumuf&,f/ olu
olUpmtkyfawGudk odyfESaNrmwm/ ighom; taNctaeukdMunhf/ rif;
OD;BuD; pdwfBunfBunfvifvif&SdrSaNym}}[krSmvdkuf&Smonf/tar rrSm
vdu k fvQifvnf; armifudwfuawmh OD;BuD;udkqkdvQif aBumufNyD;om;
Nzpfonf/ oli,fi,fausmif;aecgp vufa&;qkd;vGef;wkef;u vuf
qpfudk aywHESihfacgufNyD; vufa&;vSoifcJholrkdU i,faMumufNzpf
onf/ OD;BuD;udkqdkvQif toHBum;&HkESihfyif vufqpfuav;awGu
,ckwkdif emcsifcsifESihfusifqJNzpfonf/
]]raeUwkef;uyJ vHk;csif;pmtkyfaumufzwfrdygw,f/ pma&;q&m
u ta&;tom;av;rqkd;ygbl;/ OD;wnfcsufvnf; &Sdyg&JU? 'gayrJh
o'´gawGrSm;vdkufwm aomufaomufudkvJvdkU}}
OD;BuD;u ol\ab;rS a&aEG;Burf;cGufudk aumuf,lí wuGwf
uGwfESihf armhcsonf/ OD;BuD;\a&aEG;Murf;cGufrSm wpfiHkpmavmuf
omqefUaom orm;&dk;uscGufr[kwfacs/ xkdcGufrsdK; ig;vHk;pmqefU
aom [if;aomufyef;uefvHk;Nzpfonf/tem;wGif a&Ta&;oHk;&pf&Sd
aom a<uyef;uefyg;yg;vnf;Nzpfonf/ xdkvSvSyy yef;uefav;ESihf
rvdkufzufonfu 'efa&aEG;Murf;tdk;Nzpfonf/ OD;BuD;\ a&aEGBurf;
tdk;onfum; OD;BuD;\pdwfwdkif;MudKuftwkdif; a&aEG;rsm;rsm;qefU
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

aomfvnf; 'eftnSdwufum rvSyonfum; trSefyif/ cGufudk a<u


cGufrS BudKufaomfvnf; tdk;udkawmhOD;BuD;u a<utdk;rBudKufNyef/
]]txJrSm a&aEG;awGeJUrdkU av;&wJhtxJ a<utdk;qkdNyefawmh ydk
av;wmaygh/ 'efuawmhayhgw,f/ 'Dtdk;udk cPcPrNyD; iSJUae&wm
ayghayghyg;yg;yJ aumif;w,f}} [k aNymwwfonf/
]]OyrmuGm .... igaNymNyr,f/}} ]]udkudkBuD;onf a'gowBuD;ESihf
oif;oif;udk vSrf;Munfhvkdufonf}} wJh ]]uJ ... rSefvm; rSm;vm;}}
armifudwfu acgif;ukwf&if; ]]rSefom;yJ[m}}awG;onf/ xkdU
aemuf ]]rSm;w,f xifw,f}}[k csufcsif;NyefawG;onf/ 'Dvdkta&;
tom;rsdK;awGu cPcPawGUae&awmh rSefvm;rSm;vm;yif csufcsif;
pOf;pm;í r&acs/
]]rif;wkdUvnf; i,fi,fuwnf;uoifcJh&wmyJ/ emr0daooe
qdk&if emrf&JUa&SUrSmuyfae&w,f? Bud,m0daooeqd&k if Bud,ma&SU
rSm uyfae&w,fqkdwmav}}
]][kwf}}
tJ'DrSm a'gowBuD;u oif;oif;&JUa&SUrSmuyfaeawmh a'go
BuD;wmu oif;oif;Nzpfraebl;vm;}}
armifudwf acgif;ndwfonf/ a':BuD;uawmh rndwf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]'Dae&mrSm oif;oif;u a'gowBuD;wm r[kwfbl;qdkwmudk


&Sifvnf; em;vnf usKyfvnf; em;vnf armifudwfvnf; em;vnf
aewmyJ udkwlBuD;&,f}}
]][ ... em;vnfayr,fh rSm;aew,f[}}
]]trSefu udkudkBuD;onfoif;oif;udk a'gowBuD;ESifhvSrf;Munhf
vdkufonf/ tJ'Dvdk a&;&rSmaemf OD;BuD;}}
]]at;ayghuGm ...a&;xHk;ysufaewmawGudk aNymwmyg/ ]NrNronf
rsufapmif;av;w0J0JESihf armifarmihfudk rckdUw&dkUMunhfonf/} ]&THUawG
ayaeaomusm;bdkonf yg;pyfxJwGif trJ&dk;BuD;ESihf armifarmifhqDodkU
aNy;0ifvmonf} qkdwmrsdK;av;awGav/ trSefu armifarmifhudk rsuf
apmif;av;w0J0JESihf rcdkUw&dkUMunhfonf/ armifarmifhqDodkU yg;pyfxJ
wGif trJ&dk;BuD;ESihf aNy;vmonfvdkU Nzpf&rSmaygh/ tckawmh Bud,m
udk txl;NyKwJh Bud,m0daooeudk emrfa&SUrSm oGm;uyfxm;wwfwm
rsdK;awGav/ rSm;vdkUawmif rSm;rSef;rodawmhbl;}}
OD;BuD;\av&SnfBuD;tqHk;wGif a':BuD;u w[if;[if;&,fonf
a':BuD;&,foHu odyfrus,faomfvnf; em;rav;aomOD;BuD;u
aumif;pGmBum;avonf/ 'DurÇm'DavmuwGif OD;BuD;rEkdifaomol[l
ívnf; a':BuD;wpfa,mufom &Sdavonf/
]]rif;u bm&,fwmvJ}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]'Dae&mrSm armifarmifu rsufapmif;vnf;r0Jbl;/ trJ&dk;BuD;udk


vnf; udkufrxm;bl;qkdwm &Sif;aewmyJ[m ... zwfwJhvlu odyg
w,f udkwlBuD;&JU}}
]]at; ..... odwmayhg? odwmu OmPfeJU,SOfNyD; od&wm/ o'´g
rSm;wmuawmh rSm;aewmyJ}}
]]rSm;&ifvnf; oufqkdif&mvlawG&Sdw,f/ NyifMuvdrfhr,f? &Sifu
taeomBuD;ygaemf}}
]]igvnf; raeombl;? pdwfxJrSaeNyD; ]][kwfwmayhg}} [kaxmuf
cHvkdufrdonf/ wpfzufrSvnf; ightarawmh ZdewÅyumoeDESihfa0;
ygNyD[k awG;vdkufrdao;onf/OD;BuD;ESihf a':BuD;ESpfOD;pvHk;u tNiif;
oefBuonf/ Niif;rdNyDqkdvQif b,folrSravQmhwwf/ ESpfOD;pvHk;u
vnf; aumfawmfawmf uyfwyfwyfrsm;NzpfMuonfrkdU OD;av;\orD;
rbl;oD;u Mum;xJrSarmifudwfukd tm;emovdkMunhf&if; ....
]]tpfudkudwf ...aumfzDaomufOD;av}} [k{nhf0wfNyK&Smonf/
]]wpfaeUwkef;u aps;xJrSm 'efUovGefoD;eJUawmif awGUcJhao;
w,f}} [k0ifNyD; pum;Nzwf&Smonf/
bl;oD;ESifh 'efUovGefoD;wkdUaMumihf Mum;&olrsm; tm&Hk&Iyf? em;
&IyfoGm;avh&Sdonf/ pifppfolwkdUESpOf D;rSm vlom;pifpifrsm;NzpfMu
onf/ trnfay;aumif;ol a':BuD;\vufcsufESihf toD;tESHb0odkU
aNymif;oGm;Mu&&SmNcif;Nzpfonf/ a':BuD;\orD;t&if; armifudw\ f
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

nDr0rf;uGJNzpfol rbl;oD;rSm cg;ao;NyD; cE¨mudk,fatmufydkif;BuD;av


onf/ armifudw\ f nDrt&if;Nzpfol 'efUovGefuawmh ukd,f[efEGJU
EGJUESifh ydef&Snf&SnfNzpfonf/
odkUaomf rbl;oD;b,fvkdyifNzwfNzwf OD;BuD;\ avaMumur
Nywfa&;csrNywfxJu Nzpfonf/
]]'DaeUreufvrf;avQmufwkef;uawmif awGUcJh&wmav/ [dkoGyf
Nym;BuD;awG umxm;wJhae&mrSmayhg? ]pnf;urf;rJh trdIufrpGefU&wJh}
av? uJ ... 'Dawmh pnf;urf;&SdwJhtrdIufqkd&ifawmh pGefUvdkU&w,f
ayhg[kwfvm;}}
olu wpfoufwmvHk; pmoifvmaom ausmif;tkyfBuD;qkdawmh
vnf; 'grsdK;awG tawGUrsm;vmawmh tl,m;&Smayvdrfhr,f[k armif
udwfawG;rdonf/
]]'Dvdkqkd&if ]pnf;urf;rJhpGm trdIufrpGefU&}vdkUa&;&rSmvm; OD;BuD;
'grSr[kwf ]trdIufudk pnf;urf;rJhrpGefU&}vdkU a&;&ifa&m}}
'Dwpfcgawmh OD;BuD;ubmrSraNymrd a':BuD;u ]trdIufrpGefU&qdk
&if NyD;NyDa[h [kdwkd&Sif;yJ} [kOD;atmif0ifaNymonf/ xkdUaemuf ]b,f
vdkyJa&;xm;xm; tJ'Dae&mrSm trdIufrypfzdkU wm;Nrpfxm;w,fqkdwm
udkawmh vlwkdif;em;vnfygw,f} [kcyfwif;wif;aNymum qkdufaeus
blwmudk uref;uwef; 0ifqkdufypfvkdufavonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]a&mh tpfudkudwf ... tpfudkudwftBudKuf udwfrkefU}} bl;oD;u


wif;rmawmhrnfhtaNctaeukd udwfrkefUESihf0ifxdef;onf/ oyspfoD;
aNcmufESihf oD[dkaphuav;rsm; NrSyfxm;aom opfoD;udwfav;u pm;
csifpzG,frdkU armifudwf wpfNcrf;vSrf;,lvdkufonf/
]]aumif;om;yJaemf}}
]]nDroli,fcsif; ]rkd;auoG,fOD;}ay;wmav}}
]]pum;ryDwJh aumifrav;vm;}}
OD;BuD;u rsufarSmifBuD;ukyfvsufyif ar;Nyefonf/ bl;oD;u
oufNyif;av; rodromcs&if;? armifudwftm;vSrf;Bunhfonf/ olU
taza&m? olUtara&m 'DblwmxJu xGufMuawmhrnfrxif/
]]tJ'DudwfrkefUbl;udk eihftarudkvSrf;ay;&if; ]'DrSm tHwDhtoGuf
udwfrkefU}wJh}}
olUtazpum;Mum;awmh bl;oD;crsm &,fvnf;&,fcsif? pdwf
vnf; npfoGm;onf/ trSefpifppf rkd;auoG,fOD;rSm pum;ryDolr
[kwf? odkUygaomfvnf; twGuf[laom pum;ukdawmh ]]toGuf}}
]]toGuf}} [kcyfqGJqGJav; rckdUw&dkUaNymwwfonfuawmh trSefyif/
]]aemufNyD; oluaNymoGm;ao;w,f? NrefrmhtoHrSm tvkyf
avQmufrvdkUwJh ...odvm; ...armifudwf}}
]]olu awmfawmfvSw,f tpfukd&JU}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]][ .... 'DrSmbl;oD; ... ighorD;&JU? vlvSzkdUxuf toHvSzdkUta&;


BuD;wm[ ... eihfoli,fcsif;u pvHk;eJUqvdrfa&m uGJ&JUvm;}}
]]tazuvnf; uGJygw,f}}
uGJygw,fqkd[k csufcsif;NyefaNzvdkufaomfvnf; bl;oD;\pdwf
xJwGif odyfNyD;awmhraocsmcsif/ ol\oli,fcsif;tcsdKUu aqmif&Guf
ESifh apmif&GufwGif apmif&GufuomtrSef[kxifNyD; wGifwGiftoHk;NyK
um ]odygbl;[,f? ulnDapmifrw,fqkdwm&Sdawmh apmif&Gufw,fqkd
wmvnf; &Sdw,frSefw,fxifwmayhg} [kaNymzl;avonf/ tcsdKUu
rSm;í rSm;rSef;rodonfrsm;u &Sdaeonf/
]]'DhNyifvlrsdK;awGawmhrodbl;/ igwkdUNrefrmvlrsdK;awGuawmhtoH
udk ta&miftrsdK;rsdK;eJU o&kyfazmfwwfMuwmtrSSefyJ? Munhf toHeuf
BuD;wJh?toH0gBuD;wJh? toHNymNymwJh?'ghtNyif&Sdao;w,ftoHNyJ?toH
uGJ? toHtuf? toHaMumifwJh? aemufNyD; &Sdao;w,f/ toHNym;BuD;?
vQmNym;BuD;eJUaNymw,fqkdwmu wpfrsdK;?toHudku ayhgvQyfvQyfeJU
vdkUvJ aNymwwfMuao;w,f? wkdUNrefrmtcsif;csif;awmh tqifudk
acsmvdkU? b,ftoH[m b,fvkdqkdwm csufcsif;odNyD; csufcsif;
Mum;a,mifvmw,f}}
'Dwpfcgawmh a':BuD;acgif;ndwfonf/]]udk,hftoHukdvnf;udk,f
bmoHvnf; odatmifvkyfOD;}} [kaNymonf/ OD;BuD;u rMum; csif[ef
aqmifaeonf/ armifudwfESihb f l;oD;wkdUcrsmrSmvnf; NyHK;csifygvsuf
rNyHk;&Jacs/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]orD;oli,fcsif;udkvnf; at;at;aq;aq;yJaeyg? NrefrmthoH


rSmawmh tvkyfravQmufygeJUvdkU aNymvdkufprf;yg}}
]]tazuvnf; olu owif;aMunmcsifwm}}
]]owif;aMunmwJhvl&JUtoHu xl&r,f? vHk&r,f? yD&r,f
orD;&JU? tckawmh olUtoHu yg;vQyfvQyfuav;eJU ]apmufvkyfa&;
vkyfom;BuD;toGuf pefwpftdwf? pDwpfyHk;ay;tyfcJhonf}vdkUaMunm
rvkdUvm;? ausmif;tkyfp&mrBuD;u pHk;rpum;rsm; aNymMum;cJo h nf?
aemufNyD; NrefrmhtwHrS twHvTihfaeygonf qkdwmrsdK;awG aMunm
ae&if tcuf....}}
'Dwpfcgawmh armifudwfr&,fbJraeedkif? armifudwf&,fawmh
bl;oD;ESihf a':MuD;uyg vdkuf&,fMuonf/ olwdkU&,fawmh OD;BuD;\
rsufarSmifBuD; twefi,faNyoGm;onf/
armifudwfuawmh em&DMunhfonf/ ol\uGefysLwm oifwef;
u aeUcif;ESpfem&DNzpfí Nyef&efoihfNyDNzpfonf/ rNyefrD tarrSmvdkuf
aom ZdewÅyumoeDpmtkyfudk iSm;&aumif;rvm;? riSm;bJaevkduf&
aumif;rvm; pOf;pm;aerdonf/ &,f&,farmarmNzpfvmMuNyDqkdawmh
&moDOwkaumif;vmNyDrkdU iSm;vdkuf&ifaumif;rvm;[k csDwHkcswHkNzpfae
pOf avNyif;Nyefwkdufonf/
w&m;cHuawmh ESif;qDarT;Nzpfonf/ ESif;qDarT;onf OD;BuD;wkdU
tdrfrS tdrfazmfaumifrav;Nzpfonf/ olu a':BuD;aemufwGif cyf&dkU
&dkUav;&yfum
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]tarBuD; pDukefcgeD;NyD}} [kaNymonf/


ol\toHukdMum;awmh OD;BuD;\ rsufcHk;arTG;ESpfzuf csufcsif;Nyef
ukyfoGm;onf/
]]qefa&m &Sdao;vm;}}
a':BuD;u ar;Ncif;r[kwf? OD;BuD;u ar;Ncif;Nzpfonf/ ESif;qD
arT;uvnf; w&kdwao aNz&Smygonf/
]]pefuawmh &Sdygao;w,f bbBuD;}}
]]qm; .... a&m}}
]]pm;vnf; &Sdygw,f}}
]]aq;a&m &Sdao;&JUvm;}}
]]ap; ... tJ ap;awmh uRefr rod}}
]]uJ ...qyfNyma&m}}
]]pyfNym ... tif; pyfNymawmh ukefcgeD;}}
olwpfcgaNzvdkufwkdif; OD;BuD;\rsufeSmu wpfcg&IHUoGm;&m ig;
cgavmufaNzNyD;oGm;NyDrdkU OD;BuD;\rsufeSmBuD;u avaygufoGm;aom
MuufaygifabmvHk;vdk &IHUwGwGBuD;Nzpfaeonf/
]]eif... qefvdkU rac:wwfbl;vm;}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]ac:wwfygw,f ... bbBuD;}}


]]uJ ... ac:Bunhfprf; ... qef}
]]pef ... tJ ..qef}}
]]qD}}
]]pD ... pD..tJ ..qD}}
]]aq;}}
]]ap; ..tJ ...aq; ... aq;}}
ESif;qDarT;rSm ta,mifa,miftrSm;rSm; Nzpfaeonf/ armifudwf
uawmh tHhMoaeonf/ ESif;qDarT;onf qef? qD? ponfrsm;udk yDyD
oo rac:wwfNcif;r[kwf? raNymwwfNcif;r[kwf/ owdxm;aNym
vQif yDoygvQufESihf owdrxm;bJ ryDroaNymaeNcif;Nzpfonfudk
awmh odvdkuf&onf/ ESif;qDarT;omr[kwf tcsdKUaomvli,frsm;
onfvnf; pefawG? pDawG? vkyfapmifawG NzpfaeMuonfudk olowd
xm;rdonfrS MumNyD/
]]uJ ...uJ ..oGm;awmh? aemufudk yDyDooaNym ..[kwfvm;}}
OD;BuD;uoGm;ckdif;awmh ESif;qDarT;vSnhfxGufoGm;avonf/ 'D
awmhrS a':BuD;u wpfpcef;xonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]udkwlBuD;&,f ... &SifhrvJ Nyóemr&Sd Nyóemudk&Sm? olU[mol


pefaNymaNym? pDaNymaNym ... olaNymwm em;vnfaeom;yJ[m}}
]][ .... 'gNyóemr[kwfvkdU bmuNyóemNzpfOD;rSmvJ/ 'Dt
wkdif;Munhfae&if qvdrfoHawGaysmufNyD; pvkH;oHawG tpm;0ifvm
vdrfhr,f/ 'g[m ta&;rBuD;bl;vm;}}
]]ta&;rBuD;ygbl;/ ta&;BuD;&ifvnf; oufqkdif&muvlawGu
NyKNyifMuvdrhfr,f/ &Sif taeomBuD;}}
]]rif; tawmfwm0efrJhwJh rdef;r}}
]]usKyfrSm bmwm0ef&SdvdkU bmwm0efrJhwmvJ aNymprf;ygOD; r[m
ynm&Sd wm0efodBuD;&JU}}
armifudwfu acgif;ukwfaepOf bl;oD;u oufNyif;BuD;csonf/
tarhtwGufuawmh yJNyKwfwpfq,fom; wpf&mhav;q,fNzpfoGm;
Ncif;onf pvHk;qvdrfNyóemxuf ta&;BuD;aMumif; olodonf/
]]rif; .... tvum;rdef;r}}
'Dpum;udkMum;awmh a':BuD;\rsufESmonf NzLoGm;onf/ xdkU
aemuf wNznf;Nznf;eDvmonf/
]][kwfw,f ... usKyfu tvum;rdef;r/ tvum;rdef;rqkdwm
tvum;tvkyfawGudkyJ vkyfwwfw,f?tvum;pum;awGudkyJ aNym
wwfw,f od&JUvm;}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

yxrtoHrSefrSef NyefaNymae&mrS a':BuD;u ]od&JUvm;}[kaqmifh


atmfvdkufonf/ xdkUaemuf tdrfaemufaz;odkUvSnhfum ]eSif;pDarT;} [k
vSrf;atmfac:onf/
]]&Sef tarBuD;}}
ESif;qDarT;vnf; csufcsif;a&mufvmonf/
]]vm ...eifeJUigeJU aps;oGm;Mur,f/ pef&,f? pD&,f? pm;&,f?
ap;&,f? pyfNym&,f 0,fMu&atmif/ aES;wmudk igrêudufbl;vdkU pHk;r
xm;w,fr[kwfvm;? igaNymwmudk tvsiftNrefapmif&Guf? oGm; ...
Ncif;awmif; tNref,lcJh}}
a':BuD;u ae&mrS qwfceJxum cyfarmharmh cyfausmhausmhESihf
vSnhfxGufoGm;onf/ tcgwdkif; 'l;emonf[kqkdwum cyfNznf;Nznf;
cyfqqom axmufwwfaom aNcaxmufESpfacsmif;rSm [eftNynhf
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onf/ 'Dawmhtbdk;MuD;u olUudkvSnhfMunhf&if; acwÅrQawGaeonf/
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cyfav;av; NyefaNymonf/
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]]tbdk;u bmvlrsdk;vJ[if}}
atmifoaNyu odcsifpdwfukdrxdef;Edkifí wJhwkd;ar;vdkufrdonf/
tbdk;MuD;u bmrSNyefraNymbJ rMum;vdkufovdk wpfzufudkNyefvSnfh
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atmifoaNyudk aNymovdkvkd? olUbmomol aNymovdkvdkESihfcyfwkd;wkd;
aNym&if; olUtcef;xJodkU 0ifoGm;avonf/
olpdwf0ifpm;rdNyDNzpfí atmifoaNyu wpfnaewnf;wGif olU
tcef;a&SUü oHk;MudrfcefUNzwfavQmufrdonf/ wpfMudrfwGifawmh olUt
wGuf npmrSmaeaom w,fvDzkef;aNymoHudkMum;&onf/ t*Fvdyfvdk
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

aNymaeNcif;NzpfNyD; vlukdomrNrif&vQif wu,fh t*FvdyftppfwpfOD;


aNymaeovdk av,lavodrf; aumif;rGefvSonf/
pdwf0ifpm;ygonfqkdrS aemufaeUusawmhtbdk;MuD;utcef;wGif;
ykef;aeavonf/ reufuwnf;u xGufrvmvdkuo f nfrSm xrif;
pm;csdefxdatmifyif/ aemufawmh [dkw,f0efxrf;av;wpfOD;u Muuf
om;NrLpGrfoGm;ydkUonfudk awGU&onf/]]tJ'Dtcef;u tefu,fMuD;zsm;
aeNyD}}[k atmifoaNyudk aNymoGm;onf/ ]]q&m0ef ac:ray;bl;vm;}}
[katmifoaNyuar;awmh ]]olUrSm aq;ygw,f? rvdkbl;wJh}}[kaNym
onf/
naeusawmh atmifoaNy raeekdifawmhay/ nDrav; cwÅmu
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tcef;okdU wHcg;acgufum0ifcJhMuonf/ rzdwfac:bJ vmcJhNcif;Nzpfí
NidKNiifaervm;[k pkd;&drfaerdaomfvnf; tbdk;MuD;u olwkdUudkvdkvm;
eSpfoufpGm vufcHavonf/
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NyD}} [kaNymon/f
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aygifcsdefay;OD;rnfqkdawmhvnf; ]]aumif;wmayhguG,f}} [kaNymonf/
wpfaeUvHk;? wpfnvHk; tdyf&mxJwGif vSJtdyfae&oNzihf wpfOD;wnf;
ysif;&dae[ef&Sdavonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

atmifoaNyu pum;a&mazma&mESihf ]]tbdk;u NrefrmvlrsdK;vm;


[if}} [kar;rdNyefonf/ olu cyfoJhoJhNyHK;&if; ]]Nrefrmpum;raNymNzpf
wmMumawmh odyfroGufbl;/ pOf;pm;NyD;aNymae&awmh rSm;rSmpdk;w,f}}
[k cyfvTJvTJaNzonf/ olNrefrmvm;? 'grSr[kwf ta&SUwkdif;ekdifiHom;
wpfOD;OD;u Nrefrmpum;wwfaewmvm;[k taotcsmodcsifaeaomf
vnf; atmifoaNyu xyfar;&rSmcufaeonf/ aemufawmhvnf;pyf
pkcsifpdwfudk tomz,fxm;vdkufNyD; olUudkulnD&efom pOf;pm;&rnf
NzpfaMumif; udk,fudkukd,f owday;&onf/
]][dkbuf 'Dbuf uyfaewmyJ tbdk;&,f ... na&;nwm tul
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]]atmifoaNy}}
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yef;ca&? ta':uawmh ]a':yef;py,f}wJhav}}
]][if}}
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cHk;yifwufoGm;Muonf r[kwfvm;/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]orD;wkdU tpfudkusawmh ]atmifoaNy}? orD;wkdUnDtpfru


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usefwm tbdk;&JU/orD;uawmh armifav;udkpdwfqkd;&if ]atmify'dkif;}
vdkUac:w,f}}
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ESihf ]pdefyef;aqmufvkyfa&;}[ktrnfay;um aqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;
rsm;ukd vkyfawmh tusdK;ay;vSaMumif;qkdonfrsm;udk qufNyD;aNymNy
aeao;onf/ ra&TcwÅmpum;rsm;vGef;awmh tbdk;crsm em;NiD;NyD; rl;
a0oGm;[ef&Sdonf/ rsufvHk;tpHkudrk Sdwfxm;vdkufNyD; vufzsm;awGat;
vmonf/&ifawGw'kdif;'kdif;ckefumaoG;aygifcdsefuatmufaoG;wpf&m?
tay:aoG;u 160yifausmfaeoNzihf e*dkuwnf;uysmNyD;om; cwÅm
crsm ydkNyD; ysmoGm;onf/
]]tbdk;&JU ... udpör&Sdygbl;/ 'Dt&G,frSm 'Davmufawmhwufwwf
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vnf; tbkd;udk aq;wkdufr,faemf}}
cwÅmu aoG;usaq;,l&ef cyfokwfokwfNyefoGm;onf/ xdkt
csdefwGif bmrSrvkyfwwfaom atmifoaNyu tbdk;\at;pufae
aom vufrsm;udq k kyfe,fay;onf/ tckrS em;NiD;oufomum aeom
oGm;[ef&Sdaomtbkd;uawmh olUudk&Da0a0 rsufvHk;rsm;ESihf ai;Munhf
aeavonf/ xkdUaemufwGifawmh atmifoaNy bmrSxyfrar; bJESihf
olUtaMumif;udk olaNymNyavonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]tbdk;u 'Dbufurf;udkcGmNyD; [dkbufurf;udk a&mufoGm;cJhwJh


olayhg}}
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csaom ta&SUwkdif;om;wpfOD;[k em;vnfvdkufonf/
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rdef;ruvnf; *smreftrsdK;orD;yJ? qHk;oGm;wm &SpfESpfavmuf&SNyD}}
]]om;orD;awGawmh &SdrSmayhgaemf tbdk;}}
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a,mufapmihfNyD; tdyfw,f}}
]]odyfaumif;wmayhguG,f? ol uHaumif;vdkufwm}}
]]uRefawmfwkdUuawmh ekdifiH&yfNcm;uvlawGudkuRefawmfwkdUxuf
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aewm}}
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ol&D&,foHu tufoHygaeavonf/
tbkd;\rsufvHK;rsm;u rIefNyD;rIdif;vmonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

]]tbdk; tckaMumufaew,f/ bmudkaMumufaewmvJqkdwmudk


od&if ighaNr;tHhNovdrhfr,f}}
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&ihfaeaMumif; owdNyKrdonf/ tbGm;xufyifydkNyD; toufMuD;OD;rnf
Nzpfí wpfOD;wnf;c&D;xGufcGihfNyKaom om;awG? aNr;awGukd atmif
oaNytHhNordonf/
]]udk,fhukdukd,f rEkdifvdkU? tkdrif;rpGr;fNzpfwJhtcg vltkd&Hkukda&muf
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raumif;bl;vm;[if}}
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tcsdefawGudk ten;ftyg;uvGJvdkU zJhNyD;ay;avh r&SdMubl;av/ tJ'g
[dkbufurf;u vlawG&JU "avhyJ}}
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twl tarvn;fygvmonf/ taru aq;NrpfpHk&Iaq;av;udk vuf
ukdify0gESifhxkyfay;NyD;ay;awmh tbkd;u ESpfoufpGm&Ionf/ ]]aus;Zl;
wifygw,f orD;&,f}}[kaNymNyD; tar\vufudk tawmfav;Mum
atmif cyfwif;wif;qkyfudkifxm;onf/ xkdtcef;rS olwkdUNyefvmawmh
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

taru rsuf&nfawG0Jaeonf/ ]]olUudkMunhf&wm &ifxJrSm wpfrsdK;


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olwkdUuNyefNyD;zsm;rSmpdk;&drfaeaomfvnf; aemufwpfaeUusawmh
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rSefwyfxm;aomfvnf; 0&efwmwGix f Hk;pHtwkdif;xkdifum xHk;pHtwdkif;
ai;aeavonf/ owdkUarmifESrwpfawG 'DaeUawmh zdk;ukvm;uRef;
ul;&aumif;rvm;?ausmufarmifESrbuf oGm;&aumif;rvm;[k tm&Hk
awG axGNym;aeMuonf/ xkdpOf tbGm;em;wGif uyfNyD;cRJaeMuNzpf
aom atmifol&u ]]a[; ... 'DaeUtbGm;yifv,fa& csdK;r,f wJha[h}}
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onf/
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cE¨mydefao;ao;av;ESihf tbGm;\ cE¨mukd,f 00tdtdMuD;udk,SOf
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wkdUaNr;wpfokdufu wGJMu? xlMu? qGJMu ? wGef;MuESihf urf;aNca&pyf
txda&mufatmifac:vmMuonf/xkdUaemufwGifawmh tbGm;eSifhtwl
tara&m?ta':a&m olwkduaNr;wpftkyfvHk;yg a&pyfwGif vdrhfaeMu
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

awmhonf/ "mwfyHk&dkufay;aeaom tazonf &,f&vGef;oNzihf Adkuf


aMumrsm;yif emvmonf[kqkdonf/
atmifoaNyu [kdw,fbufudk trSwfwrJhvSrf;Munhfrdawmh yif
v,fuAGD;yifMuD;atufwGif &yfaeaomtbdk;udk awGU&onf/ aeum
rsufrSefwyfxm;aomfvnf; olkwdkUqDvSrf;arQmfNyD;MunhfaeonfrSm od
omavonf/
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twm;r&Sd usvmaom rkd;pufrkd;aygufuav;rsm; xdrSefawmhpl;NyD;pyf
vSonfrkdU olwdkUtm;vHk; &kwf&kwfoJoJNzpfoGm;Mu&Nyefonf/ tbGm;
udk qGJolqGJ? wGJolwGJ? xD;rkd;ay;olrdk;? yvkyfNAKef;&,feJU[k atmfol
atmfNyD; 0&kef;okef;um; NyefvmMuonf/ tbGm;crsmrSmvnf; yif
v,fa&csdK;&onfuenf;enf;?oJ&kef;&onfursm;rsm;rkdUa[m[Jvdkuf
atmifarmae&Smonf/odkUaomf w0g;0g;&,faeMu&oNzihfolwkdU tm;
vHk;aysmfaeMuavonf/
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ol&ESifhykef;nufwkdUvnf; vdkufvmonf/tbkd;xkwfay;aom acsmu
vwfudk armifESrav;a,muf a0rQNyD;pm;Muonf/
]]tbdk;a&m uRefawmfwkdUeJUtwlwl wpfcgavmufa&qif;csdK;yg
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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onf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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onf/
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yHkrsm; Nzpfavonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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uav;udkvnf; olUtwGufNyefay;cJhygw,f/
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]wifav;armif}wJh/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

a&wGifNrKyfaom azmifuav;

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xl;rsm;u tysif;aNyapavonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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olo&ufoD;pm;aewkef; OD;bOD;\tawG;u [kd[kdonfonf ysHU
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OD;yifNzpfavonf/ wuúodkvfrSmwkef;u bmomwGJvnf;twlwl?cHek H
ywfvnf; a&SUqifhaemufqihfrkdU bOD;ESpfOD; uGJNym;ap&ef oli,fcsif;
rsm;ursufrSefwyfxm;aomolUudkrsufrSefbOD;[kac:onf/ rsufpdarS;
aomudk,hfukdawmh rsufarS;bOD;wJah v/wuúodkvfrS bGJUtoD;oD;&NyD;
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uefMu&if;uGJuGmoGm;cJhMuonf/ vGefcJhaomoHk;ESpfcefUurS ab;buf
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cefU uGJuGmoGm;NyD;rS '*HkNrdKUopfwGif NyefNyD;qHkrdMuonf/ oluvnf;
Adkuf&TJ&TJ? udk,fuvnf; Adkufylyl? ar;aphESpfxyfESihf yifpifpm;bl'g;MuD;
awG NzpfaeMuayNyD/
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wywaumifrav;aMumifh armifa&Tarmif;crsm tonf;awGbmawG
[ufwufuGJaeEdik fonf[k awG;rdaomaMumihfNzpfonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

olwdkUtbdk;BuD;ESpfOD;NyefqHkrdMuawmh xHk;pHtwkdif;om;awG?orD;
awGtaMumif;omaNymNzpfMuonf/ olUb0uawmh&dk;pif;onf/ orD;
wpfa,mufwnf;xGef;um;um xkdorD;u q&m0efNzpfvmonf om;
rufuvnf; q&m0efyifNzpfum aq;&HkaNy;Mu?aq;cef;aNy;MuESihf rkd;
vif;urdk;csKyf tvky&f IyfMuavonf/aNr;uvnf; armifa&Tarmif;wpf
OD;wnf;Nzpfonf/rsufrSefbOD;uawmhom;csnf;yJoHk;OD;xGef;um;onf
[kqkdonf/ om;tBuD;ESpfa,mufu olUtdrfaxmifESihfol olUpD;yGm;
ESihfoltqifaNyMuonf/ti,fqHk;om;u ausmif;rNyD;cifrdef;rckd;aNy;
onf[kqdkonf/ yxrawmh olUrdef;rudk rdbtdrfac:vmonf/
bmomrwl? p&dkufrwlawmh tqifraNyvSacs/ acR;racsmuaps;
xJrSig;t&SifawG0,fvmNyD;csufcgeD;usrS?udk,fwkdifxkolNzpfavonf/
MuufqkdvQifvnf; yHhoulom;rMudKuf? MuufNcif;xJrSMudKufaomt
aumifudv k ufnkd;xkd;0,fum rsufpda&SUwGifowfckdif;NyD;tarG;Ekwfae
onfudk at;at;aq;aq; xkdifapmihfwwfolNzpfonf/ aemufawmh
vnf; acR;rESihfa,mu©rwnhfMuawmh tNrJwusufusufpum;rsm;
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orD;rdef;uav;wpfa,mufarG;aMumif;od&aomfvnf;acR;ra&m? om;
uyg rdbqDodkUt0iftxGufrvkyfMu[k 0rf;enf;pum;aNymcJhzl;av
onf/ ,ckawmhom;Nzpfolu uav;wpfaumifeSihfrdbqDNyef a&muf
vmonfqkdawmh tdrfaxmifa&; tqifraNy NzpfvmcJhaMumif;odom
xif&Sm;vSavonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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o&yfoD;vnf; ukefoGm;NyDNzpfavonf/
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u olUaNcaxmufudk w&kyfaq;vdrf;ay;&if; wqifhowif;udk o,f
aqmifvmNyefonf/
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&kyfygyJ}}
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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k nfvdkUqkdyJ?tJ'gudkrcHcsifvdkUuav;tazuvnf; aemufrdef;
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pum;udkxyfí aNymNyefonf/olUrdef;ru ausmif;q&mrwpfOD;NzpfcJh
awmh pmoifaumif;onf/ orD;udknwkdif; qHk;rwwfonf/ ig;&mhig;
q,fyHkNyifrStp bk&m;edygwfawmfrsm;udkygaNymNyNyD; oifcef;pmav;
awGudx k kwfEIwfNyavh&Sdawmh rD;\ESvHk;om;xJrSma&m/ OD;aeSmufxJrSm
yg bmoma&;todESihf xHkrTrf;NyD; el;nHhodrfarGUcJh&onf/ wcsdKUyHkNyif
rsm;udkawmh olyifrodí orD;ESihftwla&mNyD; ESpfoufpGm em;axmifcJh
&zl;onfudk owd&rdonf/
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tbGm;vdr®mvdkUyg tazBuD;&,f}} [kaNymavonf/
aeUcif;usawmh armifa&Tarmif;u aeUv,faeUcif;owif;rsm;udk
aMuNim&ef a&mufvmNyefonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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udkifxm;w,f}}
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t&mawG bmawGvkyfNyaeonf/
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aNymao;w,f}}
tawmfBuD;yif pdwfrcsrf;romNzpfvmyHk&aom armifa&Tarmif;u
OD;bOD;qDrS pawmfb,f&D,kdokwfxm;aom aygifrkefUuifudkyif cg
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ukodkvfESihf tukokdvfudkyif cGJNcm;NyD;odOD;rnfr[kwfonfh uav;r
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

ygPmwdygwmuHukd a&Smifoihf? &Sm;oihfaMumif; qHk;roGefoifcJhrnf


r[kwfonfu aocsmonf/
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a&Tarmif;u touf&SpfESpfom&Sdao;aomfvnf; tbGm;\oGef
oifqHk;rrIESihf em;&nf0aeNyDNzpfonf/
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rodvdkUvkyfwJhob l ,foluydkNyD;tNypfBuD;r,fxifovJ? pOf;pm;Munhf
prf;}}
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tNypfBuD;w,f}}
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onf/ olUrdef;ronf tysdKb0u tom;ndknkd? ykyk vHk;vHk;uav;Nzpf
onf/ rsufESmav;u el;nHhcsdKomaomfvnf; rdef;racsm? rdef;rvSwdkU
\pm&if;udk tem;yifroDekdifcJh&Smay/ tckawmh olUcrsmtoufu
aNcmufq,feD;yg; Nzpfae&SmNyDrdkU 00vHk;vHk;BuD;b0odkU a&mufaeNyDNzpf
onf/ wpfcgwpf&Hawmh olUrdef;rukdMunhf&if; refusnf;azsmf&nfazsmf
aom xef;vsufcJMuD;ESifhwlonf[kawG;umNyHK;rd&wwfonf/xkdrnf;
rnf;vHk;vHk;xef;vsufcJBuD;u tNrifrvSaomfvnf; refusnf;ESpfcsOf
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

csOfudkyif csKdatmifNyKvkyfEdkifpGrf;&Sdonf/ tzkd;wefvSonf[k awG;um


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av;yJudkifrSmayhg [kwfvm;}}
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atmif udkifMunhf&if; pdwf&IyfaxG;ae[ef&Sdonf/
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w,fwJh}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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csif;wef;NyD; NrifwmyJ}}
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awmhNyD; usef;rmouf&Snfap&ef qkay;aomtcgusrS ]]qGD;wDudk rD;r
avmifygapeJUvdkU?odyfrylygapeJUvdkU qkawmi;fay;yg bGm;bGm;&m} [k
aNym&Smonf/
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onf/armifa&Tarmif;utbkd;\tdyf&mab;txdac:vmum rdwfquf
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av;ESifh cspfp&muav;rav;onf rsufeSmvnf;csdKvSonfrkdU OD;b
OD;wkdUZeD;armifESu
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

armifa&Tarmif;u qGD;wD\pum;ukd bmomNyef&onf/ e*dkurS


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ukd OD;bOD; em;rvnfacs/
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]]taumifawG wwfvdkUwJh}}
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udkvnf; e&J*smrav;vdkU axmfygbl;}}
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wef; wifcJhwmNzpfrSmyJ} [kawG;aerdonf/
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taumif;xifNyD;vduk fvkyfwmayhg aemifusawmhvnf; wNznf;Nznf;
qHk;r&if odvmrSmyg/ NrNrudktdrfrSm&SdwJh ig;&mihg;q,fyHk0wåKawG ay;
zwf&OD;r,f/uav;udk aNymNy&atmif}} [kaNymonf/
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aps;rSma&mif;NyD; qGD;wDtwGuf vkdwmawG0,f&OD;rSmwJh}}[k cyfwdk;wdk;
owif;ydkUonf/ tbkd;BuD;? tbGm;BuD; ESpfa,mufyifpifvpmav;ESihf
NcpfNcpfNckwfNckwfpm;ae&onfhtxJwGif aNr;wpfa,mufwm0efwuf
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

vmawmh tawmfBuD; uoDvifwNzpfaeyHk&onfudk awG;Munhf&if; OD;


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xGufawmhrvkdvdkeJU uav;wm0efomru olUwm0efudkyg rdbycHk;
ay:odkUvmNyD; zdwifxm;yHk&avonf/ aiGvdkvmaom OD;bOD;uawmh
xDbufvSnfum xDzdxdk;onf/ odkUaomf wpfcgrQaygufonf[kr
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wwfonf[k qGD;wDu a&Tarmif;qDodkU owif;ydkUavonf/
tckawmh OD;bOD;\aNcaxmufvnf; Nyefaumif;vmum
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vmvQif a&Tarmif;qDodkUa&mufvmwwfonf/ tbGm;auR;aomrkefU
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&mvkyf awmhonf/ wpfcgawmh uif;vdyfacsmudk ausmufcJESihfayguf
owfNyD; raor&SifBuD; aumufudik fuma&Tarmif;qDypfay;vdkufonf/
olUaygifay: bkwfceJusvmaom uif;vdyfacsmBuD;udk iHkUMunhf&if;
a&Tarmif;crsm tmacgifNcpfNyD;atmfvdkufonfrSm toHawGyifNymoGm;
onf/ xkdUaemufawmh qGD;wDudk rac:bJ oHk;&ufcefU rsufeSmBuD; ykyf
odk;aeavonf/xdkUaemuf qGD;wDudk rac:bJ oHk;&ufcefUrsufESmMuD;
ykyfaeavonf/
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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csifaewm? wu,fhudk i&Jpmrav;? o&Jrav;}}
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w,f uav;wkdU&JU? vlUb0qkdwmvnf; tifrwef&cJw,f}}
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aom rmefrmew&m;ukd Nrifvdkuf&aomaMumihf Nzpfrnfxifonf/

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wpfvavmufaeawmhausmfaZ,sonf aumifrav;udk NyefawGU


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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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ovdk cHpm;ae&avonf/

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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olu qHk;atmifqufrawG;NzpfbJ oufNyif;&dIufrdavonf/

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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udka&cJu ]]ig bkdiftkd*sufqpf oHk;av;vHk; aNy;0,fvdkufr,fav}}[k
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(trsdK;orD;a&;&mr*¾Zif;? 2004 Zlvdkifv)


0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

aus;Zl;wifygonf

1991? Zlvdkifv/
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OD;taeNzihf avhvma&;oGm;&rnf[k odcJh&onf/
]][m ... qkdAD,ufqkd&ifawmh odyfcsrf;omrSmyJxifw,f}}
odvQifodcsif; awG;rdaomtcsufNzpfygonf/ uRefru tcsrf;
aMumufygonf/ awmf&Hkvl taEG;xnfrvdkaom &efukefaqmif;wGif
yifuRefru taEG;tusF Dudk rcRwfwrf;0wf&olNzpfonf/ 'Dawmh
vnf; atmifyGJqifaeaom eydkvD,rf\NyifopfppfwyfBuD;udkyif Nyef
aNy;atmif pGrf;aqmifEkdifcJhaom qkdAD,ufNynfaxmifp\ k &moDOwkudk
awG;awG;NyD; aMumufaerdygonf/ uRefr\pdwful;yHk&dyfxJwGif om;
arG;OD;xkyfBuD;rsm;? uikwftusF D&SnfBuD;rsm;ESifhw zGJzGJusaeaom eSif;
rIefrsm;onf qkdAD,ufNynfaxmifp\ k trSwfom;rsm;Nzpfygonf/
]][m ... 'Dvkdqkd pmrlcxkwfvdkU&NyDyJ}}
0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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ygonf/
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wifu aNymNycJhonf/
(1500[laom ta&twGufonf qkdAD,ufNynfaxmifp\ k vl
OD;a&ESihf EdIif;pmvQif tvGefenf;aMumif; xkdpOfu uRefr rawG;rdyg)
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vnf;aumif;? r*¾Zif;0wÅKtwGuf rdef;rywfem&DwpfvHk;ukd vnf;
aumif; &&SdcJhMuonf/ 'Dawmhvnf; &k&Sm;bmomodkUNyefqkdaom 0wÅK
rsm;twGuf pmrlcaiGudk rnfuJhodkUowfrSwfaMumif;udk pdwf0ifwpm;
ESifh odvdkcJhMuonf/
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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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0&efwmwGifawmh rnfolrQ&yfraeacs/

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aemufwpfaeU aeUv,fwGif armfpudk&Sd NrefrmhoH&Hk;rS EIwfquf


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0w¦Kwdkrsm;(7) rpE´m

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