SULIT 4531/1 Physics Paper 2 OCTOBER 2007 2 hours

4531/2 NAME : .............................................. CLASS: ............................................

PEPERIKSAAN SELARAS AKHIR TAHUN TINGKATAN EMPAT MATA PELAJARAN SAINS DAN ATEMATIK SEKOLAH-SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI MELAKA Kelolaan: PEJABAT PELAJARAN DAERAH MELAKA TENGAH*ALOR GAJAH*JASIN Dengan Kerjasama JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA JALAN ISTANA ,BUKIT BERUANG,MELAKA 2007

PHYSICS
Paper 2 Two hours and thirty minutes

Do not open this questian paper until you are told to do so.
1 2. 3 This question paper consists of three sections : Section A, Section B and Section C. Answer all questions in SectionA..Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in the question paper. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Answers questions in Section B and Section C in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer. Show your working.It may help you to get marks The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. Marks allocated for each or part of the question are shown in brackets. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Full Marks 4 5 6 7 8 8 10 12 20 20 20 20

Section

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total

Marks

4. 5. 6. 7.

B C

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SULIT STUDENTS INFORMATIONS

1.

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This paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C. Answers all the questions in section A in the space provided below the question. Choose each question from Section B and Section C. Your answers must be written on foolscap paper. In this section you are advised to answer in detail with the help of the diagram or table. The diagrams in this question paper are not drawn in exact scale. Marks allocated for each question or part of the question are shown in brackets. Draw a straight line if you wish to cancel any part of the answers. Group of formulae is given and might be important for you to solve some questions related to the topic. You are allowed to use scientific calculator. Anyhow the steps of calculation must be shown. You might need 90 minutes to answer questions in minutes for Section B and Section C. Section A, 30

2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

7.

8.

9.

Hand out all your answers in one group. Remember to write down you particulars in every foolscap papers.

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The formulae given below might be helpful to you. 1. 2. 3. a=

vu t

v2 = u2 + 2as s = ut +

4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19 20

1 2 at 2 Momentum = mv

F = ma

kinetic energy =

1 2 mv 2 Potential energy = mgh =

m V Heat , Q = mc

PV = constant T E = mc2 v = f Energy time 1 1 1 = + f u v ax = D sin i n = sin r Q = It

Power =

g = 10 ms-2 P = gh F = kx

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Section A [ 60 marks] Answer all questions in this section.

Measuring cylinder

DIAGRAM 1

1 (a)

Diagram 1 shows an observers eye at four different positions P, Q, R and S. The observer is taking a reading on the scale of a measuring cylinder. (a) Name the physical quantity measured by the observer. . [1 mark] (i). On Diagram 1, tick in the box , the correct position of the observers eye while taking the reading on the measuring cylinder [1 mark] (ii). Give one reason for your answer in (b)(i). . [1 mark]

1 b (i)

(b)

1 b.(ii)

1 (c)

(c)

What is the smallest division of the scale? .. [1 mark]

Total

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2. Diagram 2 shows a fireman using a fire hose to extinguish the fire. When water rushes out the hose at very high speed and volume, the fireman will fall backward unless another fireman supports him from behind.

Water flow

DIAGRAM 2

2(a)

a) State the physics principle involved in the movement of the first fireman as the water rushes out of the hose. . [1 mark] b) Explain why the fireman moves backwards when the water rushes out of the hose. . [1 mark]

2(b)

2(c)

c) The velocity of the water rushes out the hose is 6 m s-1. The mass of two firemen is 140 kg and the velocity of his backward movement is 3 ms-1. Calculate the mass of the water that rushes out of the hose.

[2 marks ] 2(d) d) Name one application which apply the physics principle stated in (a). .. Total [1 mark ]

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3. Diagram 3.1 shows the arrangement of apparatus to determine the relationship between the extension, e of a spring T with weight, W. The relationship of e with W is shown on the graph in Diagram 3.2

DIAGRAM 3.1

DIAGRAM 3.2

(a) 3a(i)

(i)

State Hookes law [1 mark]

3a(ii)

(ii)

Show on the graph the maximum weight whereby the spring will return to its original length once the weight is removed. [1 mark]

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SULIT (b) 3(b)

4531/2 The spring stores energy when it is extended. Calculate the energy stored in the spring when it reaches its elastic limit.

[3 marks] 3(c) (c) Another spring with a bigger diameter coil is used to replace the initial spring. The experiment is then repeated. Sketch the graph of e against W for this experiment on the graph in Diagram 3.2. [1 mark] 4. A marble is dropped from the top of a building and takes 2 s to reach the surface of the earth. The motion of this marble is known as free fall. (Gravitational acceleration g is 10 ms-2). a) What is meant by free fall? 4(b) ... [ 1 mark] b) State the energy changes experienced by the marble. ... [1 mark] c) i) What is the height of the building? 4c(i)

Total

4(a)

[2 marks] ii) Calculate the velocity of the marble immediately before reaching the surface.

4c(ii)

[2 marks]

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SULIT 4(d)

4531/2 d) If the marble with a higher mass is dropped from the same height. Compare the time taken to reach the surface of the earth. .. [1 mark]

Total 5. Diagram 5.1 shows a load of 8 kg being pulled by a horizontal force of 20 N on a rough surface. When the load accelerates with an acceleration of 2 ms-2, the friction which acts between the load and the rough surface is f.

DIAGRAM 5.1

5(a) a) b) 5(b) Label the vertical forces that act on the load [1 mark] Determine the value of f.

[2 marks]

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c) The load then is being pulled by a force of 20 N along a rough surface as shown in Diagram 5.2. The direction of the force is 400 to the horizontal. The frictional force acting on the object is still the same.

DIAGRAM 5.2

5c(i)

(i) State the horizontal component of the force F. .. [ 1 mark] (ii) State the vertical component of the force F.

5c(ii)

. [ 1 mark] (iii) Calculate the horizontal net force of the load.

5c(iii)

5c(iv) [2 marks] (iv) Compare the acceleration of the object between Diagram 5.1 and 5.2 . Total [1 mark] 4531/2 9

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Piston B

Piston A

DIAGRAM 6

6.

Diagram 6 shows a hydraulic brake system. When the brake pedal is pressed, the pressure exerted on the brake oil is transmitted equally to the four wheels of a car. (a) Name the physics principle applied in the above Diagram? . [ 1 mark ] (b) Explain how pressure is produced in the master cylinder.

6 (a)

6(b)

. . [ 2 marks ] (c) i) If the cross-sectional area of piston A is 25 cm2 and the force given to the pedal is 800 N. Calculate the pressure in the master cylinder .

6c(i)

[ 3 marks ]

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6c(ii)

ii) Give one characteristic of the special fluid used in the hydraulic brake system. ... [1 mark] d) Name another application in daily life which uses the principle stated in 6 (a). ... [1mark]

6(d)

Total

Diagram 7.1

7. Diagram 7.1 shows the cross section of a submarine of volume 360 m3. When the ballast tank of the submarine is empty, the submarine floats with two fifth of its volume above the water level. (Density of sea water = 1100 kgm 3 ). 7(a) (a) State the principle involved in this observation. . . [2 marks] (b) Name the two forces acting on the submarine. ... [2 marks] (c) On the diagram, mark the direction of the two forces acting on the submarine. [1 mark] 7(d) (d) Explain why the submarine is floating at rest in the water. .. .. [1 mark] 4531/2 11

7(b)

7(c)

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SULIT 7(e) (e) Calculate the weight of the submarine when the ballast tank is empty.

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[3 marks] 7(f) (f) What happens to the submarine if the water is pumped into the ballast tank? .. [1 mark]

Total

8. Diagram 8 shows two identical containers of the same size .The containers are made of two different materials. lid

Hot object Container A

Hot object Container B

DIAGRAM 8

Each of the containers contains 500 g of water .Two hot objects of the same size are put into the containers. The time and temperature are recorded. Table 8 shows the time and the temperature recorded for 20 minutes. ( Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-1 0C-1 ) Time, t /min 0 4 8 12 16 20 Temperature in container A/ 0C 25.0 27.0 29.0 30.0 30.0 30.0
Table 8

Temperature in container B/ 0C 25.0 27.0 28.0 27.0 26.0 25.0

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SULIT (a) Based on Table 8 , state the pattern of the temperature change in (i) container A 8a(ii)

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[2 marks] (ii) container B ...

8b(i)

.. [2 marks] (b) (i) Explain your answer in a(i) and a(ii). .. .. [2marks] (ii) Name material used to make container A and container B - container A is made of . - container B is made of . [2marks]

8b(ii)

8(c)

(c) State one process that causes the heat released. ....... [1mark] (d)( i) Calculate the heat released by the hot object in container A when thermal equilibrium is achieved.

8d(i)

8d(ii)

[2 marks] (ii) State one important assumption in(d)(i). ... [1mark]

Total

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Section B [20 marks] Answer any one question in this section

9. A boy pushes two punching bags, A and B of different masses. The mass of the punching bag A is 5 kg and the mass of punching bag B is 30 kg. Diagrams 9(a) and 9(b) illustrate the situations of both punching bags, A and B.

DIAGRAM 9(A)

DIAGRAM 9 (B)

a) (i) What is meant by mass? [1 mark ] (ii) The boy used force to either move or stop the punching bags. He finds that it is more difficult to move and to stop punching bag B compared to punching bag A .Observe Diagram 9(a) and 9(b), compare the mass of the punching bags and the difficulty to move or to stop them.Relate the mass of the punching bags and the resistance to the state of movement of the bags, deduce a relevant physics concept. [5marks] (b) Explain how sauce of tomato from a bottle is forced out easily. [4 marks] (c) Diagram 9(c) shows a car speeding on a road and Diagram 9(d) shows the car crashed on the rock. Due to lack of safety features, the driver sustained serious injury.

DIAGRAM 9 (C)

DIAGRAM 9 (D)

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SULIT The following are few facts concerning the car:

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(i) The car stopped suddenly upon hitting the rock. (ii) The driver was thrown out of the car, breaking the glass of the windscreen. (iii) Sharp pieces of glass from the shattered windscreen injured the head of the driver. (iv) The accident occurred at night. The driver did not see the rock until it was very near. Based on the above facts, suggest various features to be added to the car to improve its safety standard and explain how each feature can reduce injury of the driver. [10 marks ]

10.

Diagram 10 Diagram 10 shows a girl pouring some hot water from a kettle into a cup. The left hand of the girl in Diagram 10(a) is not scalded by the droplets of hot water spattered from the cup. Diagram 10(b) shows that her left hand gets scalded when the hot water from the kettle is accidentally poured onto it. (a) What is meant by heat? [1mark] (b) Using Diagram 10(a) and 10(b), compare the mass and quantity of heat of the two situations. State the relationship between the quantity of heat and the mass of the two objects. Explain why the left hand of the girl in Diagram 10(b) get scalded . [5 marks] (c) Water is normally selected as the cooling agent in a car engine. Explain why water is selected. [4 marks] (d) A researcher wishes to produce an ideal cooking pan which saves gas for the purpose of cooking, steaming, and baking. Using the appropriate physics concepts, suggest and explain the modification required. [10 marks]

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Section C [20 marks] Answer any one questions in this part.

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11. An ammeter with zero error is used to measure current .The measurement of the current is repeated for several times. The current measured is consistent but not accurate. a) i). What is meant by measurements are consistent ? ii) Why the current measured are not accurate? [1mark] [2marks]

iii) A consistent measurement may not be accurate . Please use a diagram for your explanation. [4marks] b) Table 11 shows the characteristics of four measuring instruments K,L,M and N used for a base quantity. Smallest division of scale 0.1cm 0.01mm. 0.01cm 0.1cm Ability to measure external diameter Cannot Can Can Cannot

Measuring instruments K L M N

Range of measurement A few metres Less than 2 cm Up to 10 cm Up to 1 metre

Sensitivity Low High Average Low

Table 11

You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the measuring instruments shown in Table 11 which could be used to measure the thickness of a fishing line. Explain the suitability of the characteristics of each instrument in Table 11 and hence, determine which instrument is most suitable to be used to measure the thickness of a fishing line. Justify your choice [10marks] c) You are given a plastic ruler and a few coins. Explain how to determine the thickness of a coin. [3marks]

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SULIT 12.

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Diagram 12.1 shows the same wooden block floats in liquid with different density X, Y and Z . The cross- sectional area for wooden block is 0.02 m2.

Y Diagram 12.1

[ 1 mark] a) (i ) Define density. (ii) Why the wooden block is floating? [1 mark] (iii) Compare the density of X, Y and Z. Explain your answer. [3 marks]

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HIDROMETER P

HIDROMETER Q

Thinner and Longer stem

Thinner and Longer stem

Glass wall Glass bulb with air diameter 6 cm Lead shots Glass bulb with air diameter 6cm

Plastic wall

vacuum

HIDROMETER R

HIDROMETER S

Thinner and shorter stem

Thinner and Shorter stem

Plastic wall Glass bulb with air diameter 6 cm Vacuum Glass bulb with air diameter 3 cm

Aluminum wall

Lead shots

Diagram 12.2

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b) Diagram 12.2 shows specifications for hydrometers P, Q, R and S. Based on the Diagram, i) Explain the suitability of each specification of the hydrometer and determine which hydrometer is most the suitable instrument to measure the density of acid . Justify your choice. [10 marks] b) The wooden block is partly submerged in liquid X. as shown in diagram below

[density of liquid X= 800kgm-3] Calculate i) the volume of the liquid displaced ii) the up thrust acting on the wooden block [2 marks] [3 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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