Popcorn

Popcorn is a type of corn that expands from the kernel and puffs up when heated. Corn is able to pop because, like amaranth grain, sorghum, quinoa and millet, its kernels have a hard moisture-sealed hull and a dense starchy interior. This allows pressure to build inside the kernel until an explosive "pop" results. Some strains of corn are now cultivated specifically as popping corns. The kernels are sometimes different than others. There are many techniques for popping corn. Commercial largescale popcorn machines were invented by Charles Cretors in the late 19th century. Many types of small-scale home methods for popping corn also exist, with the most popular in the United States being pre-packaged. Depending on how it is prepared and cooked, some consider it to be a health food while others caution against it for a variety of reasons. Popcorn can also have non-food applications, ranging from holiday decorations to packaging materials

History of Popcorn

Popcorn was first discovered thousands of years ago by Native Americans. It is one of the oldest forms of corn: evidence of popcorn from 3600 B.C. was found in New Mexico and even earlier evidence dating to perhaps as early as 4700 BC was found in Peru. Some Popcorn has been found in early 1900s to be a purple colour. The English who came to America in the 16th and 17th centuries learned about popcorn from the Native Americans. During the Great Depression, popcorn was comparatively cheap at 510 cents a bag and became popular. Thus, while other businesses failed, the popcorn business thrived and became a source of income for many struggling farmers. During World War II, sugar rations diminished candy production, causing Americans to eat three times as much popcorn than they had before. At least six localities (all in the Midwestern United States) claim to be the "Popcorn Capital of the World": Ridgway, Illinois; Valparaiso, Indiana; Van Buren, Indiana; Schaller, Iowa; Marion, Ohio; and North Loup, Nebraska. According to the USDA, most of the corn used for popcorn production is specifically planted for this purpose; most is grown in Nebraska and Indiana, with increasing area in Texas.

Section A
1. DIMENSION HEIGHT DIAMETER RADIUS CYLINDER A 12 2.8 1.4 CYLINDER B 8.6 3.4 1.7

2.

The two cylinders will not hold the same amount. One of the cylinders will hold a bigger volume than the other which is the cylinder with the larger radius. This is because volume of the cylinder is more influenced by the radius than the diameter of the cylinder. a) My prediction was correct; Cylinder B could contain more popcorn than Cylinder A. This is proven when there is still more empty space to fill in more popcorn in Cylinder B IGNORED Having a right circular cylinder with a height h units and a base of radius r units with the coordinate axes chosen so that the origin is at the centre of one base and the height is measured along the positive x-axis. A plane section at a distance of x units from the origin has an area of square units where:

4.

b) 5. a)

An element of volume, is a right cylinder of base area square units and a thickness of units. Thus if V cubic units is the volume of the right circular cylinder, by *Riemann sums:

And by using cylindrical coordinates, the volume can also be calculated by integration over:

b)

Volume of Cylinder A:

(12)

c)

Volume of Cylinder B:

d)

Different cylinders with different radii and height will have different values in volume. Based on the formula, , the radius is squared and hence radius plays a bigger part than the diameter. The reason why Cylinder B has bigger volume than Cylinder A because it has a bigger radius than Cylinder A

6.

Volume is determined by using formula, Original; RADIUS 3 HEIGHT 10 VOLUME 282.74

Increased Radius; RADIUS 4 5 6 7 8 HEIGHT 10 10 10 10 10 VOLUME 502.65 785.40 1130.97 1539.38 2010.62

Increased Height; RADIUS 3 3 3 3 3 HEIGHT 11 12 13 14 15 VOLUME 311.02 339.29 367.57 395.84 424.12

From the tables above, it is clear that the radius lays a larger impact on the volume of the cylinder. This is because the radius is squared in the formula, to determine volume of the cylinder

Section B
Hint: 300cm2 of thin sheet material is given Objective: Container that can contain the most popcorn Container to contain the MOST VOLUME for its surface area. Different shapes (OPEN TOP) to be used; Cube Cuboid Cylinder Cone Hemisphere

Cube;

l l

Hemisphere;

Cuboid;

(
l

l l

Cylinder;

Cone;

( (

) h )

Tabulation
HEIGHT RADIUS LENGTH WIDTH VOLUME 7.7460 X 7.7460 7.7460 464.76 cm cm cm cm3 HEMISPHERE X 6.9090 X X 690.99 cm cm3 CUBOID 5 cm X 10 cm 10 cm 500.00 cm3 CYCLINDER 5.6419 5.6419 X X 564.19 cm cm cm3 CONE 10.5006 7.4252 X X 606.03 cm cm cm3 Hence, if I were buying popcorn at the movie theatre, I will choose the HEMISPHERE container because it can contain the most popcorn and hence, I can get more bang for my buck!!! i. If I was the popcorn seller, I would use the CUBE container because it can contain the least amount of popcorn so that I could maximize my profits ii. If I was the producer of the containers, I would choose the CONE container can contain much popcorn at the same time, saves the manufacturing costs CONTAINER CUBE

Conclusion
From this project, I have learned to determine the volume of containers of different shapes. And I have also learned that in a cylinder container, the radius of the cylinder container increases the volume more than the height of the cylinder container. This project taught me to economise when selecting a product. In this case, if we wanted the most popcorn, go for the cylinder container However, from this project, we also learn that we must be wise in handling manufacture of these containers to avoid wastage and harm towards environment. We must also consider the shape of the container to be manufactured as it affects the cost for manufacturing it. Hence, this shows that we, as humans are gifted with minds to think and plan ahead for a better future.

Table of Contents
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Title Front Cover About Me Table of Contents About Popcorn History of Popcorn Section A Section B Tabulation Conclusion Credits Page

About Me

NAME CLASS SUBJECT CODE I/C NUMBER TEACHER

: MUHAMMAD AKMAL HAKIM : 5 SC. ALPHA : : 950329-14-5803 : PN. ZURAIMAH