PREGACHIPS

ABSTRACT1.PROBLEM DEFINITION: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "A maternal death is defined as the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes." Maternal mortality has basically increased manifolds in previous decades because in today's technological era, we still don't have any means to keep an eye on whole pregnancy period of 37 to 42 weeks. So we need to develop a technique to monitor the baby as well as the mother for whole pregnancy period. hybridization process, which involves the joining of a strand of nucleic acid with a complementary sequence. Biologically active DNA probes are directly immobilized on optical transducers which allow detection of Raman, SERS, or fluorescent probe labels. DNA biosensors could have useful applications in areas where nucleic acid identification is involved. The DNA probes could be used to diagnose genetic susceptibility and diseases. The Biochip using antibody probes has recently been developed to detect the p53 protein system.

2.SOLUTION: So as to monitor the mother's health and the baby in the womb I here present the idea of IMPLANTING A BIOCHIP/ BIOSENSOR IN MOTHERS' BODY to keep an eye on her internal changes, diseases , required nutrition and other vital health factors as well as external environmental changes. Biosensors are powerful tools aimed at providing selective identification of toxic chemical compounds at ultra trace levels in industrial products, chemical substances, environmental samples (e.g., air, soil, and water) or biological systems (e.g., bacteria, virus, or tissue components) for biomedical diagnosis. Combining the exquisite specificity of biological recognition probes and the excellent sensitivity of laser-based optical detection, biosensors are capable of detecting and differentiating big/chemical constituents of complex systems in order to provide unambiguous identification and accurate quantification. Biochips: These are newly investigated new generation of biosensors using DNA probes i.e. DNA fragments (DNA Biochip). Probe recognition is based on the molecular

If we implant a small biochip or biosensor in mothers' womb then it could give us viable information at regular basis. The basic idea is that anything happening inside her body either positive or harmful , the signals and notification will be transmitted to the device outside the body so that the observer which is the doctor could get the desired information. If this method is used on a large scale , then it could surely help in decreasing mother mortality rate.

TARGET MASS: A whole lot of mothers will be positively affected by this technique. As per UNO report every year, about 78,000 mothers die in childbirth and from complications of pregnancy in India. India's maternal mortality rate stands at 450 per 100,000 live births, against 540 in 1998-1999. The figures are way behind India's Millennium Development Goals which call for a reduction to 109 by 2015, according to UNICEF. So this technique if successfully done could prove as a boon for thousands of mothers who dies due to pregnancy. specially in India. TECHNOLOGICAL FEASIBILITY & BUSINESS VIABILITY: The technique is up to a large extent feasible because biosensor- biochips is not a new concept. The first true

biosensor dates back to 1956. Now in 2012 we have reached to biochips and much more. In US an implantable biochip as small as a grain rice has been developed which could relay vital health information if a soldier is wounded in battle or a civilian is hurt in an accident. So implanting a grain size biochip in the body is not a big deal for today's technology. LIMITATIONS: The biochip has some small limitations also, firstly initial implanting is little tough.secondly REFRENCES: http://www.ornl.gov/sci/biosensors/ http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/07/0707301848 29.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochip