Global Drug Trafficking

Mohamed Thaj

Overview
Introduction History of Drug & Its Trafficking Classification Of Drug Causes For Drug Trafficking Effects Of Drug Trafficking Enforced Counter Measure Eradication Of Drug Trafficking / Alternative Options

Drug Trafficking
Production Packaging Movement Distribution Trade

Psychoactive substances

Paraphernalia

World GDP in 2009

US$600 billion

US$58 trillion

1% +

History of Drugs and its Trafficking

5000 BC 2000 BC 700-800 C 1000 C 1800 C Cultivation 'Hul Gil', the plant of joy Egyptian priest in his prohibitionist teaching Opium reached India Opium widely used in China and Far East British transport Opium, India - China

History of Drugs and its Trafficking

1839-1842 1856-1860 1906 1912 1928 First Opium War Second Opium War 86%, China Largest Producer of Raw Opium First International Opium Convention Established, Permanent Central Opium Board

1946

Established, Commission on Narcotic Drugs

Classification of Drugs
United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances
Narcotic drug means any of the substances, natural or synthetic, in Schedules I and II of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 and that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1969

Psychotropic substance as any substance, natural or synthetic, or any natural material in Schedules I, II, III and IV of the

Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971

Causes for Drug Trafficking

Prohibitive laws
Black Market

Demand in drugs
Chain of supply - Fulfill the demand

Job Opportunity - A Source of Income

Globalization
Local Drugs - International Availability

Corruption
Low Pay Officials - Susceptible to Corruption

Consequences of Drug Trafficking

Economic Political Social

Global Illicit Drug Use, 15-64 yrs (in Millions)

Inject, 21 Users, 38

Tried, 250

Population: 4396

Consequences of Drug Trafficking

Drug Addiction Affects

Consequences of Drug Trafficking

Obstacle in accessing to and relatively high cost of drugs Other Criminal Activities - High Crime Rate Robbery Violence Delinquency Prostitution Rival Groups Fight & Kill Monopoly of Drug

Consequences of Drug Trafficking

Drug Addiction - Spread of HIV

11-21 million 15-64 years

About 22% HIV+

Consequences of Drug Trafficking

Drug Trafficking Enriches The Drug Barons Supplement Gangsters Corrupt Enforcement Officers Bribe Politicians Finance Terrorism Drug Traffickers - Money Laundering

$1.5 Trillion

Enforced Drug Counter Measures

Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961 Prohibit Production & Supply of Specific Drugs Lays The Grounds For Control of Legal Trade Distinction Between Licit and Illicit The Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1971 The United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances 1988

Enforced Drug Counter Measures

The Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1971

Control psychoactive drugs Not banned - Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961

Enforced Drug Counter Measures

1988 United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances
Provisions to end the international trafficking of drugs Enforcement Mechanisms For Fighting Drug Traffickers Drug Precursor Regulation Strengthens Provisions Against Money Laundering Establishment of Criminal offence In Domestic Law

Enforced Drug Counter Measures

International Narcotics Control Control Board - International Narcotics

Extent of drug abuse and the volume of traffic in the region

Inputs to drug control policies and strategy Strengthen to resolve to drug problem World Drug Report - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Address specific problem areas in the fight against drugs Domestic Laws

Eradication of Drug Trafficking

Alternative Options
Drug Problem - Public Health Problem

Consumption Reduction Prevention and Information Dissemination

Change of Focus in Organized Crime

Conclusion
Legal Use Of Drugs A Source Of Illicit Drug Trafficking Drug Addicts Responsible For Drug Industry Profits Supply Demand Supply Supply

Supply
Supply Supply

Summary
Introduction History of Drug & Its Trafficking Classification Of Drug Causes For Drug Trafficking Effects Of Drug Trafficking Enforced Counter Measure Eradication Of Drug Trafficking / Alternative Options