HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI.

BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

DEEVI GRUH UDHYOG, BAHVNAGAR

17th January 2012 Escort :- Mr. J.M. Patel Briefing by :- Mr. Mrunal Gandhi Mr. Mrunal Gandhi was a former student of our college. He is running a small scale industry of food products. They are preparing Khakhara, pickles, chilli powder, halwa etc. In khakhra, they are having different taste and flavors and they are using PP bag for packing with vacuum packaging. They making total 72 products like viz. 21 type of pickles, 17 type of khakhra, tomato ketchup, jam etc. The unit is providing employment to around 15 people and it is adding to the income of Mr. Gandhi.

SURENDRA BAGH, BHAVNAGAR

17th January 2012 Escort :- Mr. J.M. Patel Briefing by :- Mr. Rajubhai Farmer name : Mr. Jaybhai Patel Village : Vartej, Bhavnagar. Total area under cultivation : 46 acre Crops : Ber, Aonla, Capsicum, Drumstick. Arid zones were regrated as dryland, thus zero production from agriculture. But here it was a National award winner farmer, whose iconoclastic vision and sustained efforts brought him laural in arid one cultivation. In 1969, Mr. Vithubhai Patel was the man op-ted for cultivation arid crops and few crops were such which were not cultivated commercially i.e. Lasuda (Gunda), Drumstick. Now it was his son Jay, who has got the baton from his father. In arid area where water is scarce, first time efficient use of water was done by drip irrigation. Ber Plantation : Ber is a king of arid crops. Thus it was on the field. The variety under taken was Umran planted in 1969 by Vithubhai, the crop was subjected to heavy pruning at the time of visit. The heavy pruning leads to development of new flush after monsoon and fruiting occurs on newly emerged shoots. The total plants of ber are 700 plants, each yielding 100 kg fruits and each kg fetches 10-12 Rs. Approx. the Umran variety bud is being budded over wild ber for getting improved one.

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

Aonla Plantation : It is arid crop. This particular crop has a peculiarity that is undergoes dormancy soon after set. Variety grown is Anand-7. It fetches Rs. 8-12/kg usually. Bark-eating caterpillar is the common pest of this crop for which spray of chlorpyriphos is effective. Drumstick : The cultivation of this crop has made this farmer a sole market leader, because hardly anyone else can provide such a stock of produce. 3 crops are taken per year fetching Rs. 18-25/kg. Planting distance maintained is 12*8 meter. Production 50kg/tree. This crop also having variety of uses in medicinal and vegetable purpose. Capsicum Cultivation : 10 vingha land under capsicum cultivation. It is cultivated under net house. Variety of red capsicum is used. It yielding 30 tones per 1000 square meter area.

FARMER FIELD VISIT, TALAJA, BHAVNAGAR

18th January 2012 Escort :- Mr. J.M. Patel Briefing by :- Mr. Bharatbhai Gohil Farmer name : Mr. Bharatbhai Gohil Village : Pavthi, Ta. Talaja, Bhavnagar. Total area under cultivation : 10 Vingha Crops : Onion, Maize, Cotton, Groundnut. Bharatbhai Gohil cultivate mainly onion crop. Cultivation practices of onion is mention below. Variety : Red onion - Talaja Local White onion Local Seedling preparation : Seedling are prepared in their own field. Seed rate : Seed - 10-12kg/acre (9000 Rs./kg seeds) Seedlings 2 tones/ acre Seed treatment : Thairam or Bavistin is used for treating seeds @ 2-3g/kg seeds Planting distance : Onion bulbs are palnted 15*20cm distance. Irrigation : Flood irrigation system Nutrient management : - DAP is used as basal dose @ 50kg/acre. - Urea is applied @ 50kg/acre after 20 days of transplanting. - Ammonium sulphate is applied @ 50kg/acre after60 days of transplanting.

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

Pest management : Thrips is the main problem in the onion cultivation. They control thrips by spraying Profanophos 50% (40ml/15 lit. water), and Cypermethrin (40ml/15 lit. water). After Flowering spraying is not done because it kills the honey bee and it affects the pollination. Crop rotation : After onion crop they grow cotton and groundnut crop. Harvesting : After 4 months onion crop is harvested. After harvesting curing is done In open field for removing of access moisture from the outer cover of bulb for the storage for longer period. Yield : 9 tones/acre.

JANAK DEHYDRATION UNIT, MAHUA

19th January 2012 Escort :- Mr. J.M. Patel Briefing by :- Mr.Dilipbhai Mehta It is when food processing industries are at boom, the demand of such products has also got raised. To visualize the actual industrial scenario and know the commercial production techniques, we were subjected to such a dehydration plant. The Janak Dehydration unit was established in 1992. The company owns hundreds of acres of plantations in Mahuva/Bhavnagar around its factory. Mainly they are dehydrating Onion and Garlic. All the processed products are exported to all main west/east European countries, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Latvia, Russia, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong etc. The company is managed by a Professional team specially qualified in this field and having vast agricultural business background. The company has total business turnover of 10,000 MT of fresh onions annually. The company has own warehouses with storage capacity of 10,000 MT of Raw Onions. The company employs over 300 persons in its premises. The total processing capacity is 15,000 Kgs. of final product per day. The total processing area is 100,000 Sq. Ft. Importance is given to precision quality control through magnets at each stage of production. Each department and each individual is involved in the quality control through-out the unit.

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

Various products - Company dehydrated onions are available in three colors - White / Red / Pink in different forms. 1. Onion Flakes 2. Onion Kibbled 3. Onion Slices 4. Onion Rings 5. Onion Powder 6. Red Onion Flakes 7. White Onion Flakes 8. Garlic Flakes 9. Tomato Powder 10. Green Chilli Flakes 11. Potato Powder 12. Spinach Leaf Powder 13. Red Onion Powder 14. White Onion Powder 15. Garlic Powder 16. Potato Flakes 17. Kassuri Methi Powder 18. Spinach Powder 19. Coriander Powder Process : Grading & Peeling : The very first operation done with the produce is grading. Mechanical graders are being used for that. Skin peeling & washing is done with the machinery. Raw onions are washed by 200 ppm chlorinated water & washed again in normal clean water. Cutting: It makes flakes of onion & has a capacity of cutting 1500 kg/hour. Drying chamber: There were 5 belts in the dryer. These belts are subjected to different temperature gradients that provide descending heat to different belts. Each belt chamber has a temperature difference of 5c from the adjacent belt chamber. Highest temperature in the top belt chamber is 70C. It takes near around 3 hour to pass through the belts by the produce. The ratio of input to output is 10:1 i.e. 10 kgs of chopped onions gives output of 1 kg dried onion.

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

Bin drying machine: Bin dryer is necessary to reduce the moisture content of the dried onion obtained after differential heating. In bin drying hot drying is done. Moisture content should be less than 6 %. Huller machine: There are different sizes in huller category wise. 15mm- Flakes 7-9 mm- Chopped 3-7 mm- Minced 6.25 mm- Granule 120 m- Powder The grading of dried flakes is being necessary because 15 mm flakes are the only grade that fetches direct income. Smaller sized are also required but it should not to be discolored. The smallest grade is processed to powder form. The powdered form is being required by the spices industries. Storage room: It is an AC room with the temperature less then 20C.

FRUIT RESEARCH STATION, JAU, MAHUA

19th January 2012 Escort :- Mr. J.M. Patel Briefing By :- Dr. R.L. Chitroda This farm was established in 1852 by Highness Late Shree Bhavsinhji of Bhavnagar State having area of 500ha (1250 acre). In 1962, this farm was handed over to Agriculture Department, Government of Gujarat for extension of nursery activities to bring more and more coastal area under coconut plantation through supplying the best selected coconut seedlings to the growers. In 1972, this farm was transferred to Gujarat Agricultural University to conduct the research activities on coconut and other fruit crop. From May 1st, 2004 this farm was managed by Junagadh Agricultural University. Coconut - Varieties grown o Dwarf green- Kender o Dwarf x Tall o Tall x Dwarf- has a bumper yield

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

o But T x D has less mother palms so D x T is preferred by farmers o Characters of D x T - Good variety, - Early bearing, - First yield comes from the 3 year. We were exposed to hybridization process of coconut. Some other crops like sapota, garlic and onion are grown for processing purpose like dehydration. Objectives: Collection evaluation and maintenance of indigenous and exotic germplasm of coconut palm. To generate germplasm for developing high yielding disease resistant and better high yielding varieties of coconut, Onion and Garlic etc. To develop varieties of above crops having high yield potential, resistant to biotic pest and disease. Testing of newly developed genotypes under various environments to find out their suitability. To develop location specific production technology including harvest and post harvest technology as well as work out organic farming practices. Screening and testing of germplasm as well as promising material for various disease rsistance and workout effective as well as economical control measures. To produce and distribute seedling of coconut of varieties D x T Mahuva among the farmers. To disseminate production technology of coconut crop to the farmers using by various extension tools. Varieties of garlic used for dehydration purpose :o Guj. Lasan 719 (early) o Guj. Lasan 732 (mid) o Guj. Lasan 744, 888, 526, 535 (late) Other research conducted :o Integrated nutrient management & mulching in sapota. o Integrated nutrient management & in coconut.

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

JUNAGADH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, JUNAGADH HI-TECH HORTICULTURE PARK

23rd January 2012 Escort :- Mr. J.M. Patel Briefing By :- Mr. Giriraj Jaat A separate division of horticulture department at the college of agriculture is running in Jungadh Agriculture University. They have demonstrated their hi-tech horticulture garden equipped with green houses. They are also selling mango grafts to local farmers. For academic purpose green houses. The green houses had various types of cooling systems. Some of them are having fan and pad system of cooling. Inside green house cultivation of Dutch roses, gerbera, carnation and Mexican sunflower has been done. Though management was not good. Roses, carnation and gerberas were grown on soil media. The varieties of the ornamental crops were as following: Dutch Roses: 1. Naranga 4. Goldstrike 2. First red 5. Nobless 3. Shakira 6. Passion Carnation: 1. Gaudina 3. Firato 2. Beaumonde 4. Flannel Gerbera: 1. Salvadore 5. Doni 9. Sunway 2. Dalma 6. Savana 10.Winter Queen 3. Essence 7. Rosalin 11.Dana Alen 4. Pink 8. Elegance 12.Avant Garde Mexican sunflower: These were grown on pot with potted medium. The flowers obtained were not of that quality that it can be sent to better market. We have observed the pests over the planted crop stand. We were also taken to show ripening chamber which is mainly used for the ripening of mango, sapota, banana.

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

Generally ripening done in 12 to 24 hrs & mainly ethylene is used as ripener. Temperature & ethylene concentration varies according to fruit & its variety.

VEGETABLE RESEARCH STATION, JAU, JUNAGADH

23rd January 2012 Escort :- Mr. J.M. Patel Briefing By :- Dr. Giriraj The Vegetable Research Station was established at Junagadh under the scheme for Research and Improvement in Vegetable and Fruit crops sanctioned during 1962-63. Other two schemes viz., All India Coordinated Vegetable Improvement Project sanctioned during April 1998 and Strengthening of Vegetable Research started from December 1991. At present, the multidisciplinary work is being carried out on various vegetable crops of the region. Two new schemes viz., National Agricultural Technology Project (in April 2000) and Establishment of New Research Centre on Onion Crops at Junagadh functioning from April 2002. One other scheme Establishment of New Research Sub Centre for Research in Garlic was transfer from Jamnagar to Junagadh. The main objective of this centre is to develop high yielding and diseases resistance variety / hybrid and their production and protection technology. Objectives: Collection, evaluation and maintenance of new germplasm lines of different vegetable crops of this region. Development of high yielding, early maturing, disease and insect resistant varieties with better quality of various vegetable crops for this region. Development of high yielding varieties of onion and garlic with traits suitable for dehydration and export purpose. Development of varieties suitable for off-season cultivation viz. kharif and summer onion, summer tomato, winter okra, cowpea and cluster been etc. Development of salt and drought tolerant varieties of important vegetable crops of this region. Provide pure seeds of improved verities to the farmers in reasonable price and in time.

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

To determine the suitable package of practices for different vegetable crops. To study the control measure for insect pest and disease in various vegetable crops. To develop packages for post harvest handling, value addition and processing. Achievements: Varieties developed by this station before inception of the G.A.U. Sr. No. Name of Crop Variety 1. Brinjal Junagadh Selection-1 2. Brinjal Junagadh Ravaiya 3. Brinjal Junagadh Bhatta 4. Tomato Junagadh Big Round 5. Chilli Resham Patta 6. Bottle Gourd Junagadh Long Tender 7. Indian bean Valor Virpur 8. Onion Junagadh Local (Pilipatti) Crop variety released 2003-04 to 2008-09 Sr. Crop Variety 1 Garlic Gujarat Garlic-4 2 Brinjal Junagadh Brinjal Green Round -1 3 Sponge gourd Gujarat Sponge Gourd-1 4 Tomato Junagadh Tomato-3 5 Okra Gujarat Junagadh Okra Hybrid-2 6 Custard apple Gujarat Junagadh Custard Apple-1

HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

DIRECTORATE OF GROUNDNUT RESEARCH, ICAR, JUNAGADH

24th January 2012 Escort :- Dr. Y.N. Tandel Briefing by :- Dr. Kuldip Kalariya Objectives : o To increase oil percentage of groundnut. o To coordinate multidisciplinary research on the zonal, regional and national problems limiting production and productivity of groundnut. Total oil percentage- 41-52% Germplasm collection - 192

Suitable varieties of groundnut for Saurastra region. o Bunch:- GG-2, GG-5, GG-6 (irrigated, summer) o Semi spreading:- GG-20 o Spreading:- GAUG - 10, GAUG - 11, GG - 13, Somnath o Variety released by NRCG : Girnar- 1, Girnar - 2, Girnar - 3

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HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

FRUIT RESEARCH STATION, LALBAGH, JUNAGADH

24th January 2012 Escort :- Dr. Y.N. Tandel Objectives: To carry research works on different fruit crops. Collection & evaluation of germplasm of different fruit crops. Nursery management & propagation technique. Research work Research on papaya breeding. Effect of mulching in papaya Integrated nutrient management in papaya. Integrated nutrient management in banana. Madhu Bindu variety is developed here. Germplasm collection :o Coconut : 25 variety o Rose : 55 variety o Custard apple : 7 variety o Ber : 10 variety Nursery unit :o Different fruit crops are propagated in nursery unit by different methods like viz. Seeds, Grafting, Air layering, etc. o Grafts of mango, sapota are propagated and sold to the farmers.

SAKKARBAGH, JAU, JUNAGADH

24th January 2012 Escort :- Dr. Y.N. Tandel Total area - 16.5 ha This is the main station for the research on the fruits in JAU. Varieties : Mango: 1. Amir Pasand 6. Jamrukho 2. Maru 7. Sonpari 3. Nilphanso 8. Barmasi 4. Leelo Barmasi 9. Safed Barmasi (bears twice in a year) 5. Amrutan 10. Nileshwari

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HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

Sapota: 1. Kalipatti, 2. Pilipatti 3. Jhumakiya Fig: 1. Dinkar 2. Punafig Custard apple: o It has proved to be the best crop in this locality. o low maintenance cost, o Less irrigation required, o Alternative bearing, o Junagadh custard apple-1 is going to be released soon. o Fertilizer: N: P: K=200:100:50 gm/plant. o Mulching: wheat straw of 5 inches thickness.

VAJUBHAI NI WADI, SASAN (GIR)

25th January 2012 Escort :- Mr. J.M. Patel Briefing By :- Mr. Kalubhai A pioneer & award winner farmer from the home of Asiatic lions mainly growing mango. Total area of the farm is 20 acre. Selling approx. 20,000- 30,000 mango grafts in a season using epicotyle grafting method. He is getting 100 % recovery in grafting. He is providing certificated grafts for different varieties like Alphonso, Langra, Rajapuri, Dashehari, Barmasi and Vastaro etc. Awards winner of Sardar Krishi Gaurav Award IIM Award Lifetime Achievement Award

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HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

FRUIT RESEARCH STATION, MANGROL

26th January 2012 Escort :- Dr. Y.N. Tandel Briefing By :- Dr. R.L. Chitroda Activities : Selling of coconut seedlings, Sapota graft and ornamental plants. Selling of TD hybrid coconut seedlings. Analysis of effect of saline water on the growth and production of coconut and sapota. Guidance to the farm regarding to scientific farming. Give information about the center and centers activities to the visiting farmers and students. Varieties of coconut : Local varieties Gudajali variety Hybrid varieties Orange varieties

FARMER FIELD VISIT, KALYANPUR, JAMNAGAR

28th January 2012 Escort :- Dr. Y.N. Tandel Briefing by :- Mr. Harishbhai Vada Mr. Kiran Khant Farmer name : Mr. Harishbhai Vada Village : Klayanpur, Jamnagar. Total area under cultivation : 50 Vingha Crops : Musk melon, Water melon Harsihbhai vada cultivate mainly Muskmelon and water melon crop. Cultivation practices of watermelon is mention below. Variety : 177 PC, Diamond, Sweetking. Seed rate : 3kg/ha. Seed treatment : Thiram or Bavistin is used for treating seeds @ 2-3g/kg seeds Planting time : November- December is best time for planting. Pest: Thrips, aphid and jassid is the main problem in muskmelon crop. Harvesting : Fruits are ready for harvest in three months after fruit setting. Yield : 10 tones/vingha. Income : 35,000 to 40,000 Rs./ vingha.

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HWE 8.2 UNIVERSITY FARM (JAU), FARMERS FIELD & VISIT TO HORTI. BASED INDUSTRIES OF SAURASTRA REGION

Market : Porbandar, Jamnagar, Bhavnagar, Amreli.

FARMER FIELD VISIT, KHIJADIYA, JAMNAGAR

29th January 2012 Escort :- Dr. Y.N. Tandel Briefing by :- Mr. Manshukhbhai Vasoya Farmer name : Mr. Manshukhbhai Vasoya Village : Khijadiya, Jamnagar. Total area under cultivation : 10 acre Crops : Pomegranate Mansukhbhai cultivate mainly Pomegranate. Cultivation practices of Pomegranate is mention below. Variety : Sinduri (Bhagva) It is a early maturing variety. Propagation method : By Air layering method. Planting time : 30 months old plantation. Planting distance : 12*7-8 feet. 450 plants / acre. Irrigation : Drip irrigation system. 40 liter water/plant at the alternate day. Pest : Fruit fly and thrips is the main problem in Pomegranate. Harvesting : Fruits are harvested in Ambe bhar season (May-June). In 2 years 3 harvesting is taken. Pruning : Pruning is done after harvesting of the fruits. Three pruning is done in a year to strengthen the stem and branches to bear fruit load. 1st cutting after 4 months, 2nd after 3 cutting months and 3rd cutting after 3 month. Yield : 10 kg/plant. Income : 100-120Rs/kg. Market : Fruits are send in domestic market.

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