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done when a force produce motion. for example-when an engine moves a train along a railway line it is said to be doing .
What is Work ?
In language of Physics it is define as Work done in
moving a body is equal to the product of force exerted on the body and the distance moved by the body in the direction of force .
Unit of Work
The unit of work is Newton Meter which is
written as NM When a force of 1 newton moves a body through a distance of 1 meter in its own direction ,then the work done is known as 1 Joule. that is , 1Joule = 1 newton* 1 meter or 1 J = 1NM The SI unit of work is Joule . The work is scalar quantity . The condition for a force to do work is that it should produce motion in an object .
Examples: A person pushes with a 110 N force for a distance of 30 m. How much work was done?
work done is equal to the weight of the body and the vertical distance through which the body lifted . suppose a body of mass M is lifted vertically upward through a distance h in this case ,the force required to lift the body will be equal to the weight of the body ,m*g ,(where m is the mass and g is acceleration due to gravity ). Now, Work done in lifting a body =weight of body *vertical distance
What is M,G,H?
w=work done
m=mass of the body g=acceleration due to gravity h=height through which the body is lifted
direction of motion body . Work is negative when a force acts opposite to the direction of motion body . work done is zero when a force acts at right angle to the direction of motion of the body .
Energy
Energy is something that an object possesses.
The amount of energy that an object contains, is a
measure of how much work it is capable of doing. Energy can be thought of as stored work (and it has the same units as work).
S I unit of energy .
The S I unit of work is Joule whenever work is done ,an equal amount of energy is consumed .keeping this thing in mind , we can define 1joule energy as follow : the energy required to do 1 joule of work is called1 joule energy . Joule is small unit of energy ,sometime a bigger unit of energy called Kilojoule the symbol of kilojoule is KJ .
1 Kilojoule = 1000 Joule 1KJ = 1000J the unit of energy called joule is named after a British Physicist JAMES PRESCOTT JOULE .
James Joule
British physicist James Joule is best known for
his work in electricity and thermodynamics Together with the physicist William Thomson (later Baron Kelvin), Joule found that the temperature of a gas falls when it expands without doing any work. This principle, which became known as the Joule-Thomson effect, underlies the operation of common refrigeration and air conditioning systems. The metric system unit of energy is the joule (J), after James Joule.
3. Electrical energy
4. Nuclear energy
5. Thermal
6. Sound
energy
energy
Radiant energy is also called electromagnetic energy. Radiant energy is the movement of photons. All life on earth is dependent on radiant energy from the sun. Examples of radiant energy include radio waves (AM, FM, TV), microwaves, X-rays, and plant growth. Active solar energy uses photovoltaic panels and light to turn radiant energy into chemical energy.
Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. This a form of potential energy until the bonds are broken. Fossil fuels and biomass store chemical energy. Products that contain chemical energy include: TNT, baking soda, and a match. Biomass, petroleum, natural gas, propane and coal are examples of stored chemical energy.
Forms of Energy
Electrical energy is the movement of elections. Lightning and static electricity are examples of electrical energy that occur naturally. Science hasn't found a way to use natural forms of electrical energy, like lightning. Instead, we use different energy sources to create electrical energy by using generators and turbines.
Forms of Energy
Thermal energy is the internal energy in substancesthe vibration and movement of atoms and molecules within substance. Thermal energy is created in the movement of atoms. Boiling water, burning wood, and rubbing your hands together really fast are all examples of heat energy. Geothermal and passive solar are sources of heat energy, but biomass (a type of chemical energy) can be burned to produce heat energy.
Forms of Energy
Sound energy is the movement molecules in the air that produces vibrations. Alarms, music, speech, ultrasound medical equipment all use sound energy. VCR tapes change sound energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy records the sound using magnetic tape. Speakers read the magnetic tape and change it back into sound.
Forms of Energy
Mechanical energy is the movement of machine parts. Mechanical energy is also the total amount of kinetic and potential energy in a system. Wind-up toys, grandfather clocks, and pogo sticks are examples of mechanical energy. Wind power uses mechanical energy to help create electricity.
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Forms of Energy
Magnetic energy is the attraction of objects made of iron. Medical equipment, compass, refrigerator magnets are all examples of magnetic energy. Any type of energy source that uses a generator in the process to make electricity uses magnetic energy.
Forms of Energy
Kinetic energy exists whenever an object which has mass is in motion with some velocity. Everything you see moving about has kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of an object in this case is given by the relation: KE = (1/2)mv2 m=mass of the object V=velocity of the object The greater the mass or velocity of a moving object, the more kinetic energy it has.
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The greater the mass or velocity of a moving object, the more kinetic energy it has.
Potential energy exists whenever an object which has mass has a position within a force field. The most everyday example of this is the position of objects in the earth's gravitational field. The potential energy of an object in this case is given by the relation: PE = mgh PE = Energy (in Joules) m = mass (in kilograms) g = gravitational acceleration of the earth (9.8 m/sec2) h = height above earth's surface (in meters)
Law of Conservation of Energy- Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Energy is always changing from one kind to another. The total energy of an object never changes. Potential energy + Kinetic energy = Total energy and Total energy Kinetic energy = Potential energy and Total energy - Potential energy = Kinetic energy
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