1.

1 Understanding that microorganism is a living things Microorganism

Bacteria

Fungi

Protozoa

Virus

Characteristics

Breathe

Move

Grow

Cannot see with naked eyes tiny

Cause the dough rise

Rotten oranges Mouldy rice

1.1 Understanding that some microorganism are harmful and some are useful

Some Organisms Are Harmful And Some Are Useful Useful

-Making food (bread/tapai/tempe/ yogurt) -Making fertilizer -Mking medcine

Harmful

Prevention
Washing hand

Can cause

Disease
Stomach upset Measles/cough

Drink boiled water Covering mouth & nose when coughing & sneezing

Illness

Food poisoning Food stale

Tooth decay Tooth decay Conjunctivity/mumps

how animals take care of Their eggs and young.

Examples animals that take care of their eggs and young.
Bird, Frog, Spider, Fish, Snake, turtle, Kangroo, Elephant Bird - Eggs with shell covering Frog - Eggs are thick, slimy and having bad smell Spider - kept in a bag underneath its body Fish - keep their young in their mouths Snake, Tiger - attack in order to protect their eggs Turtle - hide their eggs Kangaroo - carry their young in their pouches Elephant - stay in herds

Survival of Animal Species

Why animals take care of their eggs and young.

To ensure the survival of their species

Shortage of food resource

Importance
Animals and plants species may face extinction.

Agents of dispersal

Special characteristic

Examples

Light

Coconut

Water

Air Space in the fruits Not water absorbent

Lily

Light

Shorea Angsana Lalang

Wind

2.2 Survival of Plant Species

Small in size Winged

Explosive mechanism

Dry when ripe Explodes when mature

Rubber fruit Balsam fruit Chestnut

Brightly coloured

Rambutan Mango Love grass Mimosa

Animal

Edible Have smells Have hook

3.1 Food Chain

Animals and the food they eat

Producer

Classify animals into herbivore, carnivore and omnivore.

Construct food chain

Consumer

All living things need food to survive. Green plant can make their own food. However animals cannot make their own make their own food.

Green plant obtain energy from the sun to make food. Green Plant as a producer

Herbivore : Animals that eat plants only. e.g.: cow, goat, deer

The food relationship among living things can be shown by a food chain.

Animals that eat plant or other animals are called consumers.

Carnivore: Animals that eat other animals. e.g.: tiger, lion To construct food chain It must start with plant as a producer.

Omnivore: Animals that eat plants and other animals

In a food chain the arrow means eaten by

3.2 Synthesizing food chain to construct food web.

What will happen to a certain species of animals if they eat only one type of food

Food web

Food web of different habitats

What will happen If there is a change in population of a certain species in a food web

A change in the population of a certain species will effect the Population of other species
garden

They will face difficulty to survive if the Source of food runs out

Paddy field

1 Energy

2 Electricity

3 Light

4 Heat

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

- by living things to carry out life processes. Ex : moving, breathing, growing - to move, boil, melt, or bounce non-living things

Why energy is needed?

ENERGY
Water
- moving or falling water produce energy

1.1 The Uses of Energy

Sun
- main source of energy - produces light and heat

The Sources of Energy

Food Batteries Fuel

- wood, coal, petroleum, natural gas

Wind
- Moving air - Used to pump water, drive small sawmills

- food contains stored energy

- device that generated electrical energy from chemical energy

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

Light energy Heat energy Electrical energy Kinetic energy Chemical energy

Sound energy

Form of energy
Potential energy

ENERGY
Energy can be transformed

1.2 Energy can be transformed from one form to another

Example of appliance that make use of energy transform

a) lighting a candle Chemical energy heat energy + light energy

b) Kicking a ball Chemical energy kinetic energy heat energy

a) Electric iron Electrical energy heat energy b) Radio Electrical energy sound energy c) Television Electrical energy sound energy + light energy

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

Energy that cannot be replaced Resources solar, wind, biomass fuel, water Energy that be replenished when it is used up Resources natural gas, petroleum, coal

Non-renewable energy

ENERGY
1.3 Renewable and Non-renewable Energy

Renewable energy

Why use energy wisely

Avoid wastage Some energy resources cannot be replenished when used up To save cost

How to use energy

Reduce pollution

Turn off the television when no one watching it

Switch off the lights before going to leave the room

Dry cell Precautions

Electricity

Sources

Dynamo Solar cell

Danger of mishandling electrical appliances Fire Burn Electrocution Parallel circuit Type of circuit

Accumulator

Electric shock Safety precautions to be taken when using appliances

Do not touch electrical appliances with wet hand
Do not repair electrical appliances on your own

Series circuit

Symbol and component

Name Dry cell Connecting wire Switch The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter then the bulb in the series circuit Bulb

Symbol

Differences

Light
Travel in a straight line Can be reflected How ? The light that falls on objects bounces off the objects and comes to your eyes mirror
Opaque object

Uses of reflection How shadow is formed

Periscope

Kaleidoscope

When light is completely or partially blocked by an opaque object

Side mirror of a car

Light
Shadow form

Heat

Gain Loss

Warmer Cooler

The effects of heat on matter

How to measure temperature using the correct technique

Matter expands when heated

Matter contract when cooled

Investigating Materials

wood

water

milk

air

solid
stone

liquid

gas
stem

examples

1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas

Properties of solid

Properties of liquid

Properties of gas
has mass

has mass

fixed shape has mass fixed volume

fixed volume

can't fixed shape

Can't fixed volume

no permanent shape

can compressed

solid - liquid

melting

Boiling

1.2 CHANGING STATES OF WATER

liquid - gas

Affected by windy and hot weather

evaporation

gas - liquid

condensation

liquid - solid

Freezing

1.3 Understanding the water cycle.

condensation evaporation

Importance of water.

Formation of clouds and rain.

sea

Circulation of water in the environment. Changes in the states of matter in the water cycle Gas liquid (Condensation) Droplets of water will become bigger and heavier rain

Liquid to gas (evaporation)

To prevent living aquatic from being destroyed and undergoing extinction

To avoid infected diseases

To regulate the formation of clouds and rain

Reasons to keep our water resources clean.

To ensure the cleanliness of water supply

1.4 Appreciating the importance of water resources.

Ways to keep our water resources clean Keep the rivers clean Cleanliness campaign

2.1 The properties of acid, alkaline and neutral substances.

Identify acidic, alkaline and neutral substances using litmus paper. Changes in colour of litmus papers blue to red red to blue

Identify the taste of acidic and alkaline food.

Conclude the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances.

bitter

sour

Properties of acid Properties of alkali Properties of neutral substances

acid
no change neutral

alkaline

Taste bitter & change red litmus paper blue

Taste sour & change blue litmus paper red

Other tastes no changes in litmus paper

INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND THE UNIVERSE

planting

harvesting desert

Constellation
Indicates Seasons

Importance of constellation
Show directions

sea

What constellation is

1.1 Understanding the constellation

A group of stars that form a certain pattern in the sky June - August Scorpion

Southern Cross

Identify constellation

Scorpion
south

Orion
South April June

Big dipper
Hunter

North

Kite or Cross Water dipper North December - January

THE EARTH , THE MOON AND THE SUN

Earth rotates on it axis

Moon rotates on it axis

Moon rotates and at the same time moves around the Earth

2.1 The movements of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun
The earth rotates on its axis from west to east

Earth rotates and at the same time moves around the sun

The Moon and The changes the Earth move in length and position round the Sun at of the shadow the same time throughout the day

night-time

daytime
the Sun the Earth

It is day time for the part of the Earth facing the Sun.

It is night time for the part of the Earth facing away from the Sun.

2.2 The occurrence of day and night axis Day and night occur due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis.

west

east

2.3 Phases Of The Moon

Describe the phases of the moon The Moon Does Not Emit Light

The Moon appear bright when it reflect sunlight

1-New moon, 3- New half moon, 5- Full moon

7- Old half moon

INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY

1.1 The shapes of objects in a structure

The shape of objects Identify shape in structure

Cylinder
Sphere

Cube

Cuboid

Cylinder

Sphere

Pyramid

Cone

Strength and Stability

Shapes of objects that are stable

Cube, cone, cylinder

The factors that affect stability of objects

1.2 The strength and stability of a structure

Height , base area

How base area affects stability

Bigger base area more stable Smaller base area less stable

How height affects stability

Design a model that is strong and stable Suggested design strong and stable Bridge one with manila card one with wood Lower object more stable Higher object less stable

The factors that affect the strength of a structure

Types of materials used Steel ,Iron, Wood