Introduction to HRM

HRM
Human resource is of paramount importance for the success of any organisation. It is a source of strength and aid. Human resources are the wealth of an organisation which can help it in achieving its goals. Human resource management is concerned with the human beings in an organisation. It reflects a new outlook which views organisation's manpower as its resources and assets. Human resource is the total knowledge, abilities, skills, talents and aptitudes of an organisation's workforce. The vaiues, ethics, beliefs of the individuals working in an organisation also form a part of human resource.

The resourcefulness of various categories of people and other people available to the organisation can be treated as human resources. In the present complex environment, no business or organisation can exist and grow without appropriate human resources. So human resource has become the focus of attention of every progressive organisation.

Human resource is a resource like any other natural resource. It means top management can get and use the skill, knowledge, ability, etc. through the development of skills, tapping and utilising them again and again. Human resource management is that process of management which develops and manages the human elements of an enterprise.

It is not only the management of skills but also the attitudes and aspirations of people. When individuals come to a work place, they come with not only technical skills, knowledge, exprience etc., but also with their personal feelings, perception, desires, motives,

 So HRM means management of various aspects of human resources. An important element of human resource management is the 'humane approach' while managing people. This approach helps a manager to view his people as an important resource. It is an. approach in which manpower resources are developed not only to help the organisation in achieving its goals but also to the self satisfaction of the concerned persons.

On the one hand this approach focuses on human resource development, and on the other hand it focuses to on effective management of people on the other. HRM approach is a fundamental change in philosophy and perspective from the earlier thinking about manpower resources. It emphasises the human aspect of individual workers and their aspirations and needs.

Human resource management may be defined as a set of policies, practices and programmes designed to maximise both personal and organisational goals. It is such a process by which the people and organisations are bound together in such a way that both of them are able to achieve their objectives.

According to Flippo, "Human resource management is the planning, organising, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and reproduction of human resources to the end that individual, organisational and societal objectives are accomplished. "

 This definition reveals that human resource management is that aspect of management which deals with the planning, organising, directing and controlling the personnel functions of an enterprise. The purpose of these functions is to assist in the achievement of basic organisational, individual and societal goals. According to Institute of Personnel Management (U.K.) :

 "Personnel Management is an integral but distinctive part of management concerned with people at work and their relationships within the enterprise. It seeks to bring together into an effective organisation the men and women who staff the enterprise enabling each to make his/her best contribution to its success, both as a member of a working group and as an individual. It seeks to provide relationships within the enterprise that are conducive both to effective work and human satisfaction."

 The primary objective of HRM is to ensure a satisfactory accomplishment of the objectives of an organisation and of its employees. While framing the HR objectives of the organisation, care is taken to consider the interests and needs of the employees and of employee goals. This is done by integrating the employee interests and the management interests with a view to achieve the objectives of the entire organisation.