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Definition Sketch
z
f = fi + fd 2 du cd D = cm + D ujuj 4 dt 2 x z=0 f i dz f d dz
dz
z = -d
Morison Equation
horizontal force per unit length of a vertical cylindrical pile
2 du cd D + D ujuj f = f i + f d = cm 4 dt 2
f i = inertia force per unit length of pile f d = drag force per unit length of pile = density of fluid (1025 kg/m3 for sea water) D = diameter of pile u=
du = dt
horizontal water particle velocity at the axis of the pile horizontal water particle acceleration at the axis of the pile
D 1 < L 20
Two problems: Given d, H andT, which wave theory should be used? For a particular wave condition, what are appropriate values of cd and cm?
Um T K = D
Um = velocity amplitude of the flow T= =
period of the flow
Um D Re =
D = diameter of pile
kinematic viscosity (approximately 10-5 ft2/sec for sea water).
H = cos(kx t) 2
horizontal water particle velocity
2 @ @ @ 2 gcosh= 0 + z) = 0 + @ k(d at z H z @ t u= = cos(kx t) @ x T sinh kd 2 = gk tanh kd
Horizontal Acceleration
du ax = dt
Note:
u(x; z; t)
@ u @ @ u u ax = u + w + @ x @ @ z t
= Fi + Fd
moment about the mud line (M) Z Z M = (z + d)f i dz + (z + d)f d dz d d M i = (Fi d) Si M i = (Fi d) Si = Mi + Md M d = (Fd d) Sd M d = (Fd d) Sd
dimensionless c m Fi = D 2H K i g c4 Fd = d D H 2 K d g 2
Z f i dz +
d
f d dz
0 (still water level)
Z M =
d
Z (z + d)f i dz +
d
(z + d)f d dz
If the upper limit of integration is zero instead of h and linear wave theory is used, analytical expression of Ki , Kd , Si , Sd can be obtained (SPM Eq. 7-33 ~ 7-36)
Fd;max =
M i ;max = M d;max =
Using Dean's stream-function theory, graphs [SPM: Fig. (7-71) through Fig. (7-74)] have been prepared and may be used to obtain K i ;max, K d;max, M i ;max and M d;max
Fmax = m dH 2D gc
m and m are functions of maximum total moment d M max = m gc m and m are functions of dH 2D d gT 2 d H gT nd mm and m are functions of 2 are functions of gT 2 dH d cm D 2 = gTgT 2 2 gT cd H H c D H m relative wave inertia-drag =2 gT c H gT 2 depth steepness ratio index d
umax K = D