MS-223-MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

Rani Durgavati Vishva Vidyalaya Jabalpur (M.P.)

By :- Ashish kumar Yadav

Unit 1
1. Introduction

2. Industrial conflict, Industrial Dispute1. meaning 2. classification & 3. impacts. 3. Causes of industrial dispute 1. prevention & 2. settlement of dispute 4. Methods for settlement of industrial dispute 1. Theory of Consensus in Industrial Society.

Introduction
Industrial relations play an important role in ensuring security to the working class as well as economic progress for the nation. Good labor management relations are sine qua non for increasing production and improved productivity ; and without industrial harmony, economic harmony is not possible .

Industrial Relations Defined

The labor dictionary defines Industrial Relations as the relations between employees and employers in industry. According to Dale Yoder industrial relations describe relationship between the management and employees or among employees and their organization, that characterize the labor force in all part of the world.

The international institute of labor relations has defined it as social relations in production.

Actors in the IR system:

The scope of Industrial Relations

The concept of industrial relations has a very wide meaning and connotation. In the narrow sense, it means that the employer, employee relationship confines itself to the relationship that emerges out of the day to day association of the management and the labor. In its wider sense, industrial relations include the relationship between an employee and an employer in the course of the running of an industry and may project it to spheres, which may transgress to the areas of quality control, marketing, price fixation and disposition of profits among others.

The scope of Industrial Relations

The scope or industrial relations is quite vast. The main issues involved here include the following :1. Collective bargaining 2. Machinery for settlement of industrial disputes 3. Standing orders 4. Workers participation in management 5. Unfair labor practices

Objectives of Industrial Relations

To safeguard the interest of labor and management To avoid industrial conflict or strife and develop harmonious relations To raise productivity to a higher level To establish and promote the growth of an industrial democracy To eliminate or minimize the number of strikes, lockouts . To improve the economic conditions of workers in the existing state of industrial managements and political government. Socialization of industries by making the state itself a major employer Vesting of a proprietary interest of the workers in the industries in which they are employed.

Industrial Conflict
Industrial conflict is the situation where disagreements arise between employees and employers over matters related to the working conditions.

Conflict is endemic among human grouping because of the divergent interests which are usually diametrically opposed. While employers must maximize his profit by reducing to the minimum level the cost of production which is usually at the detriment of the employees, employees (usually represented by trade union)seek to secure a work condition of a bearable standard and better remuneration.

Types of Industrial Conflict

Industrial conflict occurs when employees express their dissatisfaction with management over the current state of the management-employee relationship. The causes of such dissatisfaction are typically matters related to regular wage payment, wage increase or remunerations according to terms of the employment contract. Employees can express such dissatisfaction in formal or informal ways. Formal methods are organized and are planned in advance, while informal ones are spontaneous and unorganized, usually taking management by surprise. There are different types of formal and informal industrial conflicts.

Types of Industrial Conflict

Strike Work-to-rule Absenteeism Sabotage

Formal and Informal Conflict

While informal conflict in an industrial organization is usually associated with low skilled and purely educated workmen and such conflicts are generally unorganized, exhibited in individual actions such as absenteeism, sabotage, theft etc. Formal conflict on the other hand is associated with high skilled and well educated workers who are properly organized and such formal conflict is usually spearheaded by union leaders who are referred to as "agitators". Example of conflict is strike or withdrawal of service.

Causes
Wage demands
1.Usually occur when an agreement expires or esp. concerning overtime payments.

2.Many employees may believe they need to be paid more but the employer may not agree.
3.In times of inflationary pressures such as GST, rising oil n interest rates employees are likely to seek wage increases to maintain their standards of living.

Causes
Working conditions
1. Employees take action if there is a risk to either their or others at the workplace. OH&S act provides guidelines. 2. Common esp. where there are chances of damage to hearing, lungs or eyes. 3. Disputes can happen over staff facilities like kitchens, parking and the equipment used by workers.

Causes
Management policies
1. These include concerns over leave entitlements such as sick leave, holiday leave, promotion and redundancy 2. Management may change policies without adequate consultation n this creates a change to custom and practice. 3. Globalization has encouraged this conflict

Causes
Political and Social issues
Involves wider issues (environmental and political) where employees take action to support a cause. Employees are less likely to take strong action to support a cause given the reduced union power in the WRA.

Industrial Dispute
An industrial dispute may be defined as a conflict or difference of opinion between management and workers on the terms of employment.

Industrial Dispute
As per Section 2(k) of Industrial Disputes Act,1947, an industrial dispute in defined as any dispute or difference between employers and employers, or between employers and workmen, or between workmen and which is connected with the employment or non-employment or the terms of employment or with the conditions of labor, of any person.

Methods for settlement of industrial dispute

Collective bargaining Conciliation Adjudication Voluntary arbitration

Measures For Improving Industrial Relations

Strong and Stable Union Mutual Trust: Workers Participation in Management Mutual Accommodation Sincere Implementation of Agreements Sound Personnel Policies: Governments Role Progressive Outlook

 http://www.docstoc.com/docs/31322950/Industrial-Conflict http://books.google.co.in/books?id=Rh4TOzv2toMC&pg=PA13&dq= management+of+industrial+relations&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lLtWUe7rLt DOrQfo6YDQBQ&ved=0CF4Q6AEwCA#v=onepage&q&f=false http://books.google.co.in/books?id=6lBKowR6ReoC&printsec=front cover&dq=industrial+relations&hl=en&sa=X&ei=x7tWUZ6BLcysrAe GooDIBQ&sqi=2&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false http://www.slideshare.net/tuhinsarkar/anatomy-of-industrialconflicts http://www.rahulgladwin.com/noteblog/business/IR/parametersand-classification-of-industrial-disputes.php