Presented By: Shashank Mathur (8EC-80)

Guided By: Lect. Pooja Verma

Introduction
Historical Overview Working of MRAM

Current Challenges
Applications

Non-volatile

Information is saved even when there is no power No need to wait for your computer to boot up

Immediate boot up

MRAM, SRAM and DRAM

MRAM is potentially capable of replacing both DRAM, SRAM and many advantages over technology currently used in electronic devices

DRAM

Advantages: cheap Disadvantages: Comparatively slow and loses data when power is off Advantages: fast Disadvantages: cost up to 4 times as much as DRAM and loses data when power is off Advantages: save data when power is off Disadvantages: saving data is slow and use lot of power

SRAM

Flash memory

2000 :- Announcement of developing MRAM

2003 :-128 K.B. MRAM was introduced 2004 :- MRAM becomes standard product

2005 :- Run at 2Ghz. Processor

MRAM ARCHITECTURE
INSTANT ON COMPUTING READING DATA WRITING DATA

Nonvolatile, like flash memory with no moving part

Rows (wordlines) columns (bitlines) intersect each other

MTJ provides density of DRAM speed of SRAM non-volatility

The series of functions performed by BIOS

A power on self test for hardware everything Working properly

Activate the other BIOS chips

Manage a collection of diff datas

MRAM Utilizes a Wire Directly Over & Magnetically Coupled to the Magnetic Element A Current Pulse Traveling Down the Wire Creates a Magnetic Field Parallel to the Wire Each Cell is Inductively Coupled with a Write Wire From a Row & a Column

Reading A Bit : Measurement of the bit cell resistance by applying a current in the bit line

Comparison with a reference value mid-way between the bit high and low resistance values

Writing A Bit : Currents applied in both lines 2 magnetic fields Polarity of current in the bit lines decides value stored

As chips get smaller the individual circuits hold less of the charge
Risks of leaking current and other problems Hard to integrate with other silicon-based chips

The resistance of the magnet device varies exponentially with it thickness

High Current consumption

MRAM designs required a relatively high current to write each single bit

Power consumption is significantly greater than DRAM, only 99% of the total power is used in delivering electric current for writing data One transistor is required for each memory bit

MRAM will eliminate the boot up time Electronic devices will be more power efficient It could enable wireless video in cell phones More accurate speech recognition MP3, instead of hundred on songs, MRAM will enable thousand of songs and movies No worry for unsaved document when power goes out In the powerful computer servers that will run the web it could mean faster surfing, and easier download More memory space will be available to us high bandwidth and low latency

Digital camera Cellular phones PDA Palm pilot MP3 HDTV

Laptops PCs