Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Housekeeping
Peoplegrowers2006
Introductions
Professional Information:
Personal Information:
Purpose:
Agenda
Introductions
Understanding Ourselves and Others Management and Leadership Emotional Intelligence Team Building Goal and Objective Setting Customer and Stakeholder Management
People and Team Management
Delivering Change
Delegation & Feedback Coaching
Handling Conflict
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(1)
Do
Behaviour Personality
Are
(2)
Behaviour Non-verbal
Verbal
Character
Understanding Behaviour
STIMULUS
RESPONSE
People and Team Management
Behaviour
REINFORCING
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Unconscious Competence
Conscious Incompetence
Conscious Competence
Effective Communication
What is Effective Communication? A two-way process to create an understanding of information or ideas in someone elses mind to influence an action or a desired outcome.
Faceto-Face Audio Written
Words
7%
20%
80%
Tone
Body Language
38%
70%
20%
Or
Getting the message across!
55%
10%
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Auditory
Interact with others through sounds, especially through words Often need to verbalise their thoughts to clarify their own ideas Strong need for working in quiet space to help as become easily distracted Tend to have a clear , resonant tonality
Kinaesthetic
Use feelings both physical and emotional to communicate Attach great importance to feelings and therefore find it difficult to make a decision based on logical reasoning Speak in slow tempo long pauses in between words E.g. I get what youre saying, I feel good about that, fill me in on the details
E.g. I hear what you say, sounds good to me, tell me more
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Emotional Intelligence
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Emotional Intelligence
Anyone can become angry thats easy. But to be angry with the right person, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right purpose, and in the right way this isnt easy.
Aristotle The Nichomachean Ethics
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Studies indicate that emotional intelligence is twice as important as pure cognitive or technical abilities. For success at the highest levels, in leadership positions, emotional competence accounts for virtually the entire advantage
People and Team Management
Goleman 1998
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Affection
Sadness Fear
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Self-Awareness
Self-awareness is:
The ability to recognise and understand your moods, emotions and drivers, and appreciate their effect on others Hallmarks:
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Self-Regulation (Self-Management)
Self-Regulation (Self-Management) is:
The ability to control or redirect disruptive impulses and moods The propensity to suspend judgment: to think before acting
Hallmarks:
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Motivation (1)
Motivation is:
A passion to work for reasons that go beyond money or status A propensity to pursue goals with energy and persistence
Hallmarks:
Strong drive to achieve Optimism, even in the face of failure Organisational commitment
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Motivation (2)
SELF -ACTUALISATION Realising individual potential; winning; achieving ESTEEM NEEDS Being well regarded by other people; appreciation SOCIAL NEEDS Interaction with other people; having friends SAFETY NEEDS A sense of security; absence of fear PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS Warmth; shelter; food; a human be ings animal needs
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ACCELERATORS (Satisfiers)
Inappropriate Supervision
Cumbersome Processes
Provide Challenge
Enable Participation
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Empathy
Empathy is:
The ability to understand other peoples emotional make-up Skill in treating people according to their emotional reactions Hallmarks:
Expertise in building and retaining talent Cross-cultural sensitivity Service to clients and customers
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Proficiency in managing relationships and building networks An ability to find common ground and build rapport Hallmarks:
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Organisational Climate
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Leadership v Management
Leader: I can see all the mountains
Even Leaders on the same level as Managers strive to ensure that they can see beyond the mountain. What can you see?
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Management Styles
Coercive Authoritative Affiliative Democratic Pacesetting
Coaching
People and Team Management 22
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Coercive
The Coercive Management Style:
Ensures immediate compliance Provides clear directives without soliciting input or listening to reactions Close monitoring, corrective/negative feedback, outlines consequences Is most effective in crises; when rules must be followed to avoid danger; with problem employees Is least effective with self-motivated, talented employees
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Authoritative
The Authoritative Management Style:
Provides long-term direction and vision Articulates a clear vision and expected behaviour but employees are listened to Explains whys Sets standards and controls with Motivational and Developmental Feedback Is most effective when new vision to be communicated; with new workgroups; when manager is expert
Is least effective with experienced employees and with teams who can self-manage
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24
Affiliative
The Affiliative Management Style:
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Democratic
The Democratic Management Style:
Builds commitment and ensures employees fully participate in direction of team Relies on consensus in decision-making. Many meetings Involves the manager listening and rewarding group performance Is most effective with knowledgeable employees; when there is ample time; common interests and goals Is least effective when there is risk that ideas are not acceptable to manager; when employees are not skilled in democratic decision-making
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26
Pacesetting
The Pacesetting Management Style:
Accomplishes tasks to high standards Leads by example. Anticipates others will watch and understand Delegates to top performers and tightly controls poor performers
Is least effective with employees who need to develop through feedback; unclear direction
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Coaching
The Coaching Management Style:
Professional develops employees Helps identify goals, strengths, weaknesses Encourages self-reliant problem-solving Has a developmental culture Is most effective with employees interested in developing career; encourages initiative Is least effective with new employees; when direction needed
People and Team Management 28
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Climate Factors
Flexibility
Responsibility
Standards Reward and Recognition Clarity Team Commitment
People and Team Management 30
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Climate Factors
Flexibility
How easy is it to get new ideas introduced into the organisation? To what extent are we constrained by procedure and rules?
Responsibility
Standards
Are we working to achieve well defined targets, goals and personal standards?
People and Team Management 31
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Climate Factors
Reward and Recognition
Is this a well done! sort of place or a blame culture intent on punishing the guilty?
Clarity
Do people know what theyre doing and why theyre doing it?
Do we understand the corporate vision and ambition?
Team Commitment
Is this a place where people genuinely feel success can only be achieved by everyone pulling together or do we prefer to rely on our own personal performance as the only way forward?
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Management Style
Co-ercive
Authoritative
Affiliative
Democratic
Pacesetting
Coaching
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Management Style
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Transactional Analysis
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Transactional Analysis
Whenever you communicate you are entering into a transaction Transactional Analysis is a pragmatic way to categorise and understand these interactions It provides a tool to keep transactions, or communications, on a productive track
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Transactional Analysis
Sets Limits Makes Judgements Gives Permission Takes Care
PARENT
ADULT
CHILD
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Why might team members, peers or bosses react in a Parent / Adult / Child way? Reasons could include:
Pressure of work Personal pressures: relationship, financial, domestic Health issues: temporary or diagnosed Previous interactions: the legacy of a good / bad interaction Preferred (Instinctive) Management Style Managed (Deliberate) Management Style
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Information and Facts What we know about the situation Beliefs and Values The standards by which we live
Emotions and Feelings How we react to a situation True Rapport When our clients / staff fully trust us always to do the best for them and when they automatically turn to us first for advice and guidance
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25%
50% 25%
Generally we have:
25% of our contacts for whom progress up the scale beyond Information and Facts is impossible 50% of our contacts for whom some progress is possible 25% of our contacts who are already at True Rapport or progressing towards it and our challenge is to increase this final 25% towhatever.
People and Team Management
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Team Building
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Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Dorming Mourning Disbanding / Adjourning
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FORM
STORM
Emotive Volatile
NORM / RE-FORM
Relationships Rebuilt Listening Better
PERFORM
Clear Direction Common Goals Success Creativity High Energy
Working Out Autocratic / Acquiescent Hidden Feelings Poor Listening Bureaucratic Submissive Attention Inward
Rebellious Confusion Boundaries Pushed Insecurity Assertiveness Grows Boundaries Established Objectivity Adult Behaviours
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Performance Management
Goal Setting:
Strategic Goals
Goals
Tactical Objectives
Objectives
Operational Objectives
Tasks
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Objectives
Objectives must be SMART or even SMARTER
S M A R T E R
People and Team Management
Types of Objectives
Quantitative
Numbers Dates
Qualitative
Reaction of Customers Satisfaction Procedural Judgement
Degree of Fit
Behaviour
Appearances Presence Demonstrate by Example Style Compliance
Volumes
Turnaround times Accuracy rates Error rates Proportion of Time Budget Expenditure
Professional Standard
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Defining Objectives
Success Criteria
We are succeeding if
What does Success look / feel like? What will be happening if we are achieving / exceeding our objectives?
Shortfall Criteria
We are not succeeding if
Always use absolute measures no ambiguity Do not use measures which compare with other teams Use measures that are fair and are seen to be fair
People and Team Management
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Training or Coaching
Is performance is due to lack of competence? Is additional training or coaching required?
Counselling
Is poor performance is due to emotional problems E.g. lack of motivation, personal problems etc.?
Disciplinary action
Is poor performance is due to misconduct?
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Performance Appraisal
Revise Objectives
Observe Performance
Performance Management is a continuous process throughout and not just confined to the formal sign-off meeting. There should never be any surprises at any appraisal meeting
People and Team Management
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Performance Discussions
SET THE SCENE Give specific facts Ask open questions Listen have empathy Both parties put forward solutions Obtain buy in, set objectives Agree date
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Customer / Stakeholder
Management
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Satisfying Customers
Implicit
Explicit
Attractive
Unquestioned by the customer Assumed to be present by the customer Maintenance level of service Things you should always do
Precisely expressed by the customer no ambiguity Specifically requested by the customer Specific level of service Things you should do to deliver against specific requirements
Appealing and interesting to the customer Accepted by the customer if presented Extended level of service Things you should do to take service levels further
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Satisfying Customers
Degree of satisfaction
Explicit
Attractive
Level of quality
--
++
Golden Rule
Implicit
Adapted from: Kano, N. (1984), Attractive quality and must-be quality, The Journal of the Japanese Society for Quality Control, April, pp. 39-48 People and Team Management
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Stakeholder Map
B
Clients
Legend: A Normal
Boss
YOU
Stakeholder
C D
Others
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Delivering Change
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A =
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that leads to the future, tradition has placed 10,000 men to guard the past
Maeterlinck
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The need for change must be understood by all those impacted so that the status quo is not seen as the best option
To capture interest and support, those effected by change need to know the objectives and the advantages of achieving them
To understand fully the context the change is taking place in and ensure all elements are considered to ensure its long-term sustainability and success
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Momentum
To ensure momentum is created and maintained throughout the projects lifecycle to keep energy and focus high to contribute to delivering great change
Stakeholder Engagement
Key stakeholders need to be identified and their support secured through communication and engagement
Alignment
Ensuring that the operational and organisational frameworks and processes which support the planned change are carefully considered and aligned e.g. training, reward, facilities etc
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Embedding Change
To ensure the change delivers its true business value in the shortest possible time by becoming part of the way we work
Great Sponsorship
The right sponsor plays a critical role in the success of change initiatives
To understand and appreciate the emotional responses to change and to support and lead people through these to lessen the negative impacts on both staff and performance
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Readiness
Time
Capacity
Continuity
CHANGE CONTEXT
Customer Scope
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Resistance to Change
About Of
New
skills required
Failure Of
Inertia (no sense of urgency) Dont believe its the right solution Lack of trust or legitimacy in project team Not allowed to participate Timing Stress
Seen change efforts fail in the past Priorities Unclear or badly communicated vision
People and Team Management
Imposed change
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Benefits of Resistance
People who resist may be highlighting things that have been missed in the planning, particularly around the details Resistance is a critical source of innovation and can allow more possibilities to be considered and evaluated
When people resist change at least there is some energy involved. Surely apathy would be worse?
Resistance is what keeps us from attaching ourselves to every bonehead idea that comes along Maurer 1996
People and Team Management
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Delegation
The best Managers / Leaders have sense enough to pick good people to do what needs to be done and the self-restraint to keep from meddling with them
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Disagreement on outcomes
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COMFORT
STRETCH
PANIC
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Delegation Exercise
Group 1:
As a Manager or Team Leader: what are the main reasons for delegating?
Group 2:
Group 3:
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To allow the Manager or Team Leader to concentrate on the need-to-do things: removing non-essential (for them) workload To develop the staff: giving them new and enhanced skills To create a contingency and succession plan so that all absences planned / unplanned have little or no impact on the smooth running of the team
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Delegating to the wrong people: those unable to absorb the extra work Delegating at the wrong time: when everyone is fully occupied or deadlines are too short Delegating inappropriately: where a piece of work belongs to one person and no explanation is given Delegating work that should not be delegated: personal tasks; performance management; confidential information
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(3)
A perception of passing the buck A lack of clarity and a consequent lack of motivation The creation of unnecessary time pressures Frustration through allocating the wrong task to the person with the wrong skill-set Unnecessary increase in workload for certain people
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Delegation Summary
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Feedback
Giving and receiving feedback is one of an organisational leaders most important responsibilities. Teams and individuals need to be kept constantly aware of where they are in relationship to their agreed targets and goals if they are to make consistent progress
Weinholtz and Edwards
People and Team Management
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Be specific Consider the venue Privacy Timing Listen actively Achieve Buy-in
Coaching
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What is Coaching ?
Coaching is helping someone move from where they are to where they want to be...... ......and to do this more quickly and effectively than if they acted alone.
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EMPOWER
SKILL DIRECT LOW WILL EXCITE Training Role Perception Understanding Experience
LOW SKILL
HIGH SKILL
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DARK SIDE
Contentment and Complacency = Comfort Zone Denial, Excuses and Denigration = Resistance Coaching is very difficult in these rooms
People and Team Management
BRIGHT SIDE
Chaos and Confusion = Will but no Skill Renewal and Revitalisation = Delegate to them Coaching is easier: they want to improve
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The challenge is to move staff from the Dark Side to the Bright Side
GOAL
Agree topic for discussion Agree specific objective of session Set long-term aim, if appropriate
REALITY
Invite selfassessment Offer specific examples of feedback Avoid or check assumptions
OPTIONS
Cover full range of options Invite suggestions from learner Offer suggestions carefully Ensure choices are made
Will
Commit to action Identify possible obstacles Make steps specific & define timing Agree support
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Aggressive
Im OK I win
Expressing feelings / opinions in threatening, punishing or put down way Disregarding others rights and needs Aiming to get your own way no matter what Creating bad feeling making future relationships difficult
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Submissive (Passive)
Im not OK I lose Youre OK You win
Not standing up for our rights Allowing others to take advantage Avoiding the responsibility of making decisions Losing control; feeling a helpless victim of unfairness and injustice Manipulating others to get what we want; playing games; making others feel guilty
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Assertive
Im OK I win
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Conflict
Conflict is: Any situation in which your concerns or desires differ from those of another person
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1.
Understand
conflict
Conflict Resolution Process Interpersonal Zones and Level of Awareness
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Understanding Conflict
Principal causes of conflict at work are:
Misunderstandings Personality clashes Differences in goals Substandard performance Differences over methods to be used Problems relating to areas of responsibility
Lack of co-operation Problems with areas of authority Frustration Competition for limited resources Non-compliance with rules and policies
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From Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument by K. W. Thomas and R. H. Kilmann, 1974, 2000. Palo Alto, CA: Xicom, Incorporated, subsidiary of CPP, Inc. Copyright 1974, 2000 by CPP, Inc. Used with permission.
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Competing
My way or the highway
Taking quick action Making unpopular decisions Standing up for vital issues Protecting yourself
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Accommodating
It would be my pleasure
Showing reasonableness Developing performance Creating goodwill Keeping the peace Retreating Maintaining perspective
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Avoiding
Ill think about it tomorrow
Leaving unimportant issues alone Reducing tensions Buying time Knowing your limitations
100
Collaborating
Two heads are better than one
Merging perspectives
Gaining commitment Improving relationships
101
Compromising
Lets make a deal
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1.
LOSE WIN
WIN WIN
May not work because of history of the relationship between the two parties OR lack of faith in the ability to solve the problem
People and Team Management
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