Environment Management of CHW-TSDF

Basic Concept
Understanding of Ecology, Abiotic, Biotic Fundamentals of science & engineering applications in pollution abatement technologies Law of energy in thermodynamics as energy can not be created or destroyed, it can be converted one form to another, similarly up to certain level- pollutants can not be destroyed completely, it can be converted physical state of matter. Make learning process to take off point of concerned.

What is Hazardous Waste?

By Definition: hazardous waste means any waste which by reason of any of its physical, chemical, reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive characteristics causes danger or is likely to cause danger to health or environment, whether alone or when in contact with other wastes or substances.

By Legal Frame: In exercise of the powers conferred by sections 6, 8 and 25 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986), and in supersession of the Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989, excepts in respect of things done or omitted to be done before such supersession, the Central Government hereby makes the following rules, namely:- Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008. (i) waste specified under column (3) of Schedule-I,
(ii) wastes having constituents specified in Schedule-II if their concentration is equal to or more than the limit indicated in the said Schedule, and (iii) wastes specified in Part A or Part B of the Schedule-III in respect of import or export of such wastes in accordance with rules 12, 13 and 14 or the wastes other than those specified in Part A or Part B if they possess any of the hazardous characteristics specified in Part C of that Schedule;

Why needed CHW-TSDF ?

Compliances of HWM act 1989 & amended 2003 ( Recent amended in September 2008) SCMC directions to State Govts under W.P. NO. 657 OF 1995 for design & setting up common TSDF as provided in rule 8 (A) of HW (M&H) rules with schedules time frame by ending 31st December 2005. Joint responsibility of generators & concerning state government for common TSDF, those states generating total hazardous waste more than 20000 MT/ Year. Common storage & disposal problems of hazardous waste generators in off site. Safe disposal in environmentally sound manner as per CPCB guidelines by experts/ professional

When waste is stored in land, it becomes a part of the hydrological cycle

precipitation odor

gas

dust litter

Rodents ,pests & fire hazards

WASTE
erosion Contaminated surface water

Contaminated soil

LEACHATE

Development Stages of CHW-TSDF

Site identifications Site Selection based on ranking as per site selection criteria of CPCB HZWAMS/17/2000-01 guidelines. Environmental Impact Assessment ( within 10 km radius of proposed site, four season study including socio-economic impact for buffer, intermediate & peripheral zone based on comprehensive/ rapid, impact assessment based on matrix evaluation, pollution abatement techniques in EMP etc ) Public Hearing for environmental clearance from MoEF, GOI. As per norms site clearance required for 20 types of projects like bulk drugs, national highway, power plants, dams, ports etc under EPA act 1986. Public Hearing at proposed site with local people, concerning administrative office, regulatory authorities , presentation/ clarifications on public hearing day, which is required 30 days public notice in three daily newas paper includes one local language & local paper. Amendments of public suggestions/ objections in EIA study report & project report NOC from MoEF-GOI for establishing CHW-TSDF { see table-7(d)} under sub-rule (3) of rule (5) of EPA act 1986

Locational Criteria
Lake or Pond > 200 m River > 100 m Flood Plain Should not be built Highway > 500 m from SH/ NH Habitation > 500 m Notified Habitation Public Parks > 500 m Critical Habitat Should not be built Endangered Species Wetlands Should not be built Airports As per Aviation Authority > 10 Kms Water Supply Well > 500 m Coastal Regulation Zone Should not be built Groundwater Level > 2m from base of landfill

Site Selection
Preferred Location
Low Population Low Alternate Land use Low Groundwater contamination Potential Low Permeable Soils Proximity to Industries Minimum Rainfall Not Sensitive Areas

Site Selection Process

Data to be collected
Topo Maps Soil Maps Land Use Plans Transportation Maps Water Use Plans Flood Plain Maps Geological Maps Aerial Photographs Groundwater Maps Rainfall Data Wind Map Seismic Data Site Walkover inspection reports Preliminaty Geoligical and Hydrogeological Data

Shortlisting of Sites EIA

Site Investigation Criteria

Subsoil Investigation Geophysical
Stratification, GW Table and Bedrock, Soil Properties

Groundwater/Hydrogeological Investigation
Depth to GW, GW flow direction, Baseline information 3 Boreholes per Hectare of landfill area upto 15m beneath base of landfill Very excessive?

Topographical Investigation
0.3 m interval

Hydrological Investigation
Runoff water planning

Geological and Seismic Investigation

Bedrock Profile, specially in hilly and rocky areas

Components of a Landfill
Base Liner System Leachate Management System Gas Collection System (Optional) Final Cover/ Cap Surface Water Drainage System Environmental Monitoring System Closure and Post-Closure

What is CHW-TSDF
In accordance with the provisions of rule-8(7) of the HWM act 1989 & amendments made therein, the state Government of MP has notified disposal site (CHW-TSDF) at Pithampur for disposal of hazardous wastes of industries located in the MP by notification no.F-7-92-97-XXXII, dated 12th September 2005. Hazardous waste generated by the industries located within the state & authorized by M.P. Pollution Control Board should be disposed for compliance of authorization conditions of each generator. Common place for HzW disposal in safe manner & convenient monitoring single point regulatory authorities Direct landfill of HzW , If meets CPCB norms/criteria as pe norms/criteria as per HAZWAMS/32/2005-06 Treatment of waste & stabilization to meet out guidelines HAZWAMS/32/2005-06 guidelines Temporary HzW Storage facility for generators Transportation of HzW from generators premises Common incineration facility for generators as per CPCB guidelines for HzW incineration

Secured ,Engineered Landfill

The Secure Landfill is a double liner geo-technical structure with leachate management & gas vent, provided for the environmentally sound disposal of waste that cannot be reduced, recycled, composted, incinerated or processed in some other manner. Landfill: A Containment system which separates the waste from the surrounding environment. Objective: To Mitigate the migration of Leachate and minimize emissions. Concept: Place the waste in isolation from the environment. To reduce the possibility of contaminating surface and groundwater. To have control over gaseous emissions To eliminate any possible adverse impact Occupational Health and Safety.

Gas Collection Pipe Line

Vegetative soil 300 mm Top soil 300 mm

Drainage Layer 300mm

HDPE (1.5mm)
Clay 600 mm
Gas Collection Media

Cap
Soil Cover

Waste
Geo textile

Hazardous Waste Land fill Cross Section

HDPE ( Primary Liner)

Drainage Layer -300 mm

Primary Leachate Collection System

Geo Synthetic Clay Liner 7-8 mm

Secondary Leachate Collection System & Leak detection System

Drainage Layer 300mm Clay 600 mm

HDPE ( Secondary Liner)

Base Liner

Sub strata

How came in existence ?

Global Bidding by MPSIDC ( Nodal agency for Govt of MP) with consultation of MPPCB for selection of developer cum operator of CHW-TSDF Ramky selected as successful bidder to develop CHWTSDF on BOOT basis as 3-P project MPSIDC has created SPV as PACL under Industrial Infrastructure Up-gradation Scheme (IIUS) of Ministry of Commerce, GOI for facilitating , monitoring & control of CHW-TSF as promoters. REEL has signed concession agreement with PACL for development & operation of CHW-TSDF Generators to pay user charges under polluters pays principal as enunciated by the SC of India.

Salient Features of CHW-TSDF

Type of Services: Liability & Risk Management business under environmental services Cost of Project: 36 Corers Area of CHW-TSDF- 61.7 Acres , provided by Govt @Rs.1/- per acres per annum on lease basis Total Capacity of CHW-TSDF- 90,000 MT/ Year Category of Industry: Red as per EPA rules 1986 ( As differ monitoring frequency) Size of Industry: Medium based on capital investment criteria Operational phase of CHW-TSDF- 20 Years Post Closure Monitoring of CHW-TSDF-30 Years, after closing the site. Waste Categories- All types of Hazardous waste as per schedule-1 & authorized by MPPCB. Exclusions of waste reception: Radio-active waste, MSW, BMW etc. Facilities with Capacity: DLF- 50,000 MT/Annum, LAT- 20,000 MT/Annum & INC20,000 MT/Annum with full-fledged laboratory for FPA & CA of waste, temporary waste storage, specialized HzW transportation management etc. 35 % equity of Ramky in PACL board as investment of Rs. 5.0 cores to meet out criteria of IIUS for 15% contribution by compensating on behalf of users, to avail loan for project from Govt. Soft loan of Rs. 10 cores from Govt for development of CHW-TSDF Maximum Grant of Rs 4 cores from central & state Govt on equally sharing. Jurisdiction Area of CHW-TSDF: Within the boundary of MP state

Applicable Environmental Acts

Consent for Establishments under Environmental Protection Act 1986 & amended Consent for operation under Water ( Prevention & Control) Act 1974 & amended Water Cess act 1977 Consent for operation under Air ( Prevention & Control) Act 1981 & amended Authorization under Hazardous Waste (M&H) act 1989 & amended Motor Vehicle act 1988 & amended Public Liability Insurance Act 19991 & amended Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989

Consent For Establishment

CFE issued specific product manufacture/ project activities with specified capacity mentioning quantity per annum, with by products, if any. Exceeding capacity of product/ activity permitted in CFE, will be treated as expansion case for re-apply for consent. Construction can not be started without CFE from SPCB, including it is required for getting electrical connection, land registration/ lease agreement, bank loan etc. CFE required NOC/Environmental Clearance, site notification, Project report with EMP for pollution control facilities, operation & monitoring plans. Non-development buffer zone up to 500 meter (surrounding) to be declared as per section 2 (E) of CPCB series HAZ/WAMS/17/2000-01. Consent for operation is applied two month before the expected date of commissioning for commercial use (except trials run) for water & air separately. Directions for compliance of environmental norms/ parameters.

Conditions of Water Consent

Quantity of effluent discharge should be less than 11 M / day Quantity of domestic sewage discharge should be less than 3 M / day Separate electric water meter for running of pollution control device. Grab sampling of treated effluent/sewage on monthly basis to check parameters as per IS:2490 part-I like pH, TSS,TDS,BOD (3 days 27C),COD, O&G, Free available chlorine etc. EFFLUENT STANDARDS The standards for effluent discharge into sewer or stream or land, are given below: pH 5.5 to 9.0 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 250 mg/l Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 100 mg/l Bio-Chemical Oxygen (BOD) 30 C, 5 Days 30 mg/l Oil & Grease (O & G) 10 mg/l (Monitoring frequency of these parameters shall be once in a fortnight) Optional parameters : All other parameters indicated in the general standards for discharge of environment pollutants under Schedule VI, shall be in addition to the effluent standards specified under clause 3. (Monitoring frequency shall be once in a year for the optional parameters)

Conditions of Water Consent

Evaporation pond (leachate collection pond) shall be considered as temporary arrangement for safe collection. Full fledged effluent treatment plant should be constructed for treatment of waste water from tyre wash, leachate generated, lab discharge, waste handling equipment wash, utility discharge & sewage. To maintain zero discharge concept. Thick green belt development around the facility and in buffer zone towards villages. Maintain record water sources & consumption data daily basis. Drinking water should be tested as per IS:10500 standard before & after the rainy season. Sampling should be done in sterilized bottle for MPN test. If MPN test exceeds 10 per 100 ml, then e-coli & selemonia test are recommended. Water should be properly disinfected for drinking purpose. To pay water cess charges under rule (2) of Water cess (Prevention & Control) act 1977. 25% rebet on providing effluent treatment followed by reuse/recycle, subject to meet out norms of treated effluent as per IS:2490Part-I for own land irrigation purpose. Test report should be from recognized environmental laboratory under subsection (1) of section 12 &13 of EPA act 1986. Apply for renewal of consent six month before expiry every year.

Conditions of Air Consent

Ambient air monitoring 120 angle or 100 meter from source in L/W & V/W direction on monthly basis to measure air pollutants norms for industrial zone for SPM, RPM,NOx,So2, & CO. Ambient air monitoring should be 24 hourly basis for time weighted average in each point. Monitoring station should be above ground level preferable roof top of building to avoid error. SPM & RPM should be noted in every 8 hour & gaseous parameters should be noted in every 4 hour basis. Flow rate in M/ Min & LPM ,time of sampling in minutes should be recorded. Control of fugitive emission due to action of wind waves or any functioning of wind dispersal system. Interpretation of seasonal data to take corrective action, if any required & data maintain by graphical presentation . Metrological data like wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, min & max temperature, rain fall, solar radiation/ evaporation data should be recorded hourly basis for entire year. Metrological data should be prepared to observe & analyze the wind rose diagram of each season.

Ambient Air Standards for Industrial Zone

Pollutant Time weighted average 24 hours Concentration in Method of Measurement Ambient Air 500 g/m3 - High Volume Sampling (Average flow rate not less than 1.1 m3/minute) Respirable Particulate Matter sampling and analysis

Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) Respirable Particulate Matter (size less than 10 m) (RPM) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Oxide of Nitrogen as NO2

24 hours

150 g/m3

24 hours

120 g/m3

1.Improved west and Gaeke method 2.Ultraviolet fluorescence 1. Jacob & Hochheiser Modified (Na-Arsenic) Method 2. Gas phase Chemiluminescence's

24 hours

120 g/m3

Stack Emission Monitoring

Stack is itself pollution control device for dispersion of air pollutants into atmosphere. Sulphur dioxides needs highest dispersion rate . Height of stack is designed based on sulphur dioxides dispersion. Stack Height designing formula is H = 14 x (Q), where Q is emission rate of So2 in kg per hour. Where H in meter. Minimum height of Stack should be 30 meter. Flue gases/ emission monitoring is done Iso-kinetic sampling method with minimum sampling duration 30 minutes. Stack emission monitoring platform is designed at height of 8-d from connecting source duct to stack, 1 meter width peripheral platform with 2 nos. 4 inch NB monitoring hole in 90 angle with open able flange, pulley for lifting monitoring equipments, 250 volt electric connection, light point, railing around the platform, ladder with safety guard etc. Height of monitoring point is designed to monitor gases in steady conditions, 2 nos. monitoring whole 90 angle at to cover complete traverse. Straight height plumes from stack shows atmospheric conditions for proper dispersion of pollutants. Monitoring value should be corrected 11% O2 on dry basis and CO2 concentration in tail gases not less than 7%. To get better plume rise for safe dispersion of flue gases. Ground Level Concentration (GLC) should be obtained by mathematical modeling for different direction, parameter & seasonal effect.

Incinerator Monitoring
Incineration is designed for thermal destruction by controlled & engineered way of burning of toxic waste to achieve emission norms as prescribed for common HzW incineration as per CPCB norms. To first thermally decompose the material by Pyrolysis in-order to release all the Volatiles (VOMs) . Oxidise all organic substances, both VOMs and Carbonaceous material at high temperature to convert toxic, hazardous organics to manageable oxides that are non-toxic and non-hazardous Destruction Removal Efficiency should be 99.99%. Halogenated organic waste should be less than 1% Chlorine by weight in input waste for incineration, temperature not less than 950C in secondary chambers & gas residence time not less than 2 second. 3-T ( Time, Temperature & Turbulence) concept is important factor for incinerator operation to achieve TOC content in the slag & bottom ash less than 3% or their LOI less than 5% on the dry weight.

Norms for Common HzW Incinerator

Incinerator should be of twin chamber concept 1. Temperatures Primary Chamber 850 50o C Secondary chamber 1100 1200 o C 2. Residence time 3. Post combustion chamber 2 seconds 4. Air Pollution Control Devices in series like Spray Drier, Multi Cyclone Collector, Wet Scrubber, with lime carbon injection, Bag Filters, Alkali Scrubber & Stack -35 mt ht 5. Combustion efficiency 99.99% 6. Destruction & removal efficiency 99.9999% 7. TOC of slag / ash less than 3% OR LOI of less than 5% 8. Emission standards set by CPCB Particulates 50 mg/NM3 HCl 50 mg/NM3 NOx 400 mg/NM3 SO2 100 mg/NM3 TOC 200 mg/NM3 CO 100 mg/NM3 HF 4 mg/NM3 D/F 0.1 Ng TEQ/NM3

Environmental Statement
Earlier known as environmental audit EA should be submitted to SPCB on or before 30th September every year ending 31st March. EA report should made in form-V (see rule-14 of EPA act 1986 & amended 1993) & it is mandatory under consent condition & authorization condition . EA report covers comparisons on current & previous year data analysis for interpretation on consumption of water in process, cooling, gardening etc, raw materials, fuel, power & pollutants generated in effluent, air emission, solid/ hazardous waste. Analytical data of effluent discharge, flue gases should be compared with prescribed norms to see the variations, if any & corrective action accordingly. Expenditures towards environment head & pollution control & monitoring activates should be recoded for current year, including budget planning for coming year under environmental management. Cost on environmental heads should be calculated per MT of product manufactured ( in our case per MT waste disposed). Other information of green belt development, safety management, EMS etc.

IS Codes for Monitoring of Ambient Air, Stack Emission & Effluent Analysis
Stack Emission Monitoring: SPM- IS:11255 (Part-I) 1985 So2- IS:11255 (Part-II) 1985 Nox- IS:11255 (Part-IV) 1975 CO2 & O2- IS: 13270-1992 Ambient Air Monitoring :

S.N. 1

Emission Parameters Particulates

Measurement Methods
Gravimetric

2
3

So2
Nox

Barium Perchlorate Thorin indicator method

Chemiluminescence's, Non Dispersive Infra Red, Non Dispersive Ultra-Violet (for continuous measurement), Phenol disulphonic method

SPM: IS:5182 (Part-IV) 1973 So2: IS:5182 (Part-II) 1969 Nox: IS:5182 (Part-VI) 1975 CO: IS:5182 (Part-X) 1976
Effluent Analysis:

IS: 2488 (Part-I-V) 1966 IS: 6582--------------1971 IS:2490 (Part-I)-----1977 IS: 3025 (Part-i-25) 1986 IS: 1622--------------1981 IS: 3812------ & IS: 1350

4 5
6

CO O2
NMHC

Non Dispersive Infra Red Paramagnetic, Electrochemical Sensor

Gas Chromatograph-Flame Ionization Detector

Noise Monitoring
Identification of sources of noise pollution within premises. Noise should be carried out for day time 6.0 am to 10 pm & night time 10 pm to 6 am. Impact of noise level should be evaluated with respect time of exposure & distance of source of noise. Frequency of noise level monitoring may be once a month & it should be measured at least 1 meter distance from source. Workers from work place of high noise generating areas should be rotate & take off frequently to reduce continuous noise exposures to particulars. Noise level protecting equipments are ear plugs, noise absorbing panels & proper maintenance of running/ rotating machineries. Noise level limits are vary for industrial zone, commercial zone, residential zone & silence zone like near hospital, school etc. Noise level for occupational exposure limit should be Leq 75 dB (A) for day time & Leq 70 dB for night time in industrial zone. Operational/Working zonenot to exceed 85 dB (A) Leq for 8 hours exposure. dB (A) : A-weighted impulse sound pressure level in decibel. dB (C) pk : C weighted peak sound pressure level in decibel.] The Principal Rules were published in the Gazette of India vide Notification No.S.O.844 (E), dated the19th November, 1986 and subsequently amended vide

DG Set Noise Standards

The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel generator (DG) sets with rated capacity up to 1000 KVA, manufactured on or after the 2[1st January, 2005] shall be 75 dB (A) at 1 metre from the enclosure surface. The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic enclosure at the manufacturing stage itself. The acoustic enclosure or acoustic treatment of the room shall be designed for minimum 25 dB (A) insertion loss or for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side (if the actual ambient noise is on the higher side, it may not be possible to check the performance of the acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment. Under such circumstances the performance may be checked for noise reduction upto actual ambient noise level, preferably, in the night time). The measurement for Insertion Loss may be done at different points at 0.5 m from the acoustic enclosure/room, and then averaged. Guidelines for the manufacturers/users of Diesel Generator sets shall be as under: The manufacturer shall offer to the user a standard acoustic enclosure of 25 dB(A) insertion loss and also a suitable exhaust muffler with insertion loss of 25 dB(A). The user shall make efforts to bring down the noise levels due to the DG set, outside his premises, within the ambient noise requirements by proper siting and control measures. Installation of a DG set must be strictly in compliance with the recommendations of the DG set manufacturer. A proper routine and preventive maintenance procedure for the DG set should be set and followed in consultation with the DG set manufacturer which would help prevent noise levels of the DG set from deteriorating with use.

DG Set Emission Standards

DG set should be proper exhaust mufflers with vent height H = h + 0.2 x KVA of DG Set. Minimum height subject to 3.5 meter from building height for 300 KVA.
Parameter Area Total engine rating Category of the plant (includes existing as well as new generator sets) A B A B Both A and B Both A and B Up to 75 MW Up to 150 MW More than 75 MW More than 150 MW Generator sets commissioning date Before Between On or 1.7.200 1.7.2003 after 3 and 1.7.2005 1.7.2005 1100 970 710 1100 710 360

NOX (as NO2) (At 15% O2, dry basis, in ppmv

NMHC (as C) (at 15% O2), mg/Nm3 PM (at Diesel 15% FuelsO2), HSD & mg/Nm LDO 3 Furnace OilsLSHS & FO CO (at 15% O2), mg/Nm3 Sulphur content in fuel Fuel specification

150 75

100 75

Both A and B

150

100

Both A and B A B For A only Up to 5 MW

150 <2% <4%

150

Only Diesel Fuels (HSD, LDO) shall be used.

DG Set Emission Standards

Acronyms used: MW NOX NO2 O2 NMHC C PM CO SO2 ppmv : Mega (106) Watt : Oxides of Nitrogen : Nitrogen Dioxide : Oxygen : Non-Methane Hydrocarbon : Carbon : Particulate Matter : Carbon Monoxide : : FO : Furnace Oil HSD : High Speed Diesel LDO : Light Diesel Oil LSHS : Low Sulphur Heavy Stock kPa : Kilo Pascal mm : Milli (10-3) metre kg/hr : Kilo (103) gram per hour mg/Nm3 : Milli (10-3)gram per Normal metre cubic

Sulphur Dioxide Part per million(106) by volume Area categories A and B are defined as follows: Category A: Areas within the municipal limits of towns/cities having population more than 10 lakhs and also up to 5 km beyond the municipal limits of such towns/cities. Category B: Areas not covered by category A. The standards shall be regulated by the State Pollution Control Boards or Pollution Control Committees, as the case may be. Individual units with engine ratings less than or equal to 800 KW are not covered by this notification. Only following liquid fuels viz. High Speed Diesel, Light Diesel Oil, Low Sulphur Heavy Stock and Furnace Oil or liquid fuels with equivalent specifications shall be used in these power plants and generator sets. For expansion project, stack height of new generator sets shall be as per total Sulphur Dioxide emission (including existing as well as additional load). For multi engine plants, fuels shall be grouped in cluster to get better plume rise and dispersion. Provision for any future expansion should be made in planning stage itself. Particulate matter, Non-Methane Hydrocarbon and Carbon Monoxide results are to be normalized to 250C, 1.01Kilo Pascal (760 mm of mercury) pressure and zero percent moisture (dry basis). Measurement shall be performed at steady load conditions of more than 85% of the rated load. Continuous monitoring of Oxides of Nitrogen shall be done by the plants whose total engine capacity is more than 50 Mega Watt. However, minimum once in six month monitoring for other parameters shall be adopted by the plants.

DG Set Supplier Norms

These rules apply to DG sets up to 1000 KVA rated output, manufactured or imported in India, on or after 1[1st January, 2005]. Every manufacturer or importer (hereinafter referred to as "supplier") of DG set (hereinafter referred to as "product") to which these regulations apply must have valid certificates of Type Approval and also valid certificates of Conformity of Production for each year, for all the product models being manufactured or imported from [1st January, 2005] with the noise limit . No person shall sell, import or use of a product model, which is not having a valid Type Approval certificate and Conformity of Production certificate The supplier of the 'product' must affix a conformance label on the product meeting the following requirements: The label shall be durable and legible The label shall be affixed on a part necessary for normal operation of the 'product' and not normally requiring replacement during the 'product' life. (ii) The conformance label must contain the following information: (a) Name and address of the supplier (if the address is described in the owner's manual, it may not be included in the label.) (b) Statement "This product conforms to the Environment (Protection) Rules,1986". (c) Noise limit viz. 75 dB (A) at 1 m. Type approval certificate number. Date of manufacture of the product

HzW authorization Conditions

As CHW-TSDF operator various category of waste allowed to industrial units of MP in their respective authorization. Validity of authorization is 2 years, it will be renewed for 5 years in amended rules 2008. Do not operate in monsoon period except dry day , storage can be done in temporary storage shed. All authorized industries are member by default. Project cost should not less than 36 corers. Waste reception, transportation & disposal through manifest system only. Generator to pay user charges, as polluter pays principal as enunciated by the SC of India. Transportation of hazardous waste as per HWM act 1989 & amended as well as Motor Vehicle Act 1988. Design & development of landfill as per criteria of hazardous waste landfills under the CPCB guidelines of HAZWASMS/17/2000-01. Commissioning of Incinerator before 31st December 2006 & design & installation as per CPCB guidelines of HAZWAMAS/30/2006. In-house Laboratory facility for comprehensive & finger print analysis of hazardous waste. CA of HzW for determining of disposal pathway On site emergency plan should be approved from Industrial Health & Safety Deptt.

HzW authorization Conditions

Spillage control & cleanup programme with control & counter measures should be approved by MPPCB. Display of information regarding hazardous chemicals being used, hazardous waste generated/stored & effluent qty, air emission etc. on notice board size 6 x 4 outside facility . Apply for renewal 90 days before expiry. Information of closure of landfill before one year with closure plan. Record of waste analysis (CA + FPA) & treatment of waste incase of stabilization. To prevent unauthorized person & livestock for TSDF Display board as danger-unauthorized keep out in English & Hindi must be legible from a distance of at least 100 meter. All the facility personnel must be well informed about the hazardous waste management procedure. Membership of ERC-MPPCB-Bhopal for information sharing of chemical hazards & prevention of accidents. To create public awareness in surroundings of TSDF including familiarize to local hospitals, police station, fire department & emergency response team members. Manifest copy to generators & MPPCB within 15 days from the date of waste receipt. Discrepancies of waste characteristics & quantities to be informed to MPPCB. Special training to vehicle driver for transporting hazardous waste (TREM) Proper covering of landfills in rainy season. Each container holding hazardous waste should be marked hazardous waste Ensure compatibility of waste in storage All earthen dykes should maintain with 60 cm free board.

HzW authorization Conditions

Surface impoundments to treat, store and dispose off as hazardous waste. Hazardous waste should not be placed in land , unless waste is made non-hazardous by biological degradation or chemical reaction. Prevent storm water runoff by suitable provisions in CHW-TSDF premises. Drawing & design approval of each new landfill cell from MPPCB as per rule 8A-2 of HWM act 1989 & amendments thereof. No bulk or non-containerized liquid waste in to landfill admitted, until passes TCLP test. Grading system of landfill to be followed to identify location of waste disposed. Ground water quality monitoring programme approved by MPPCB & to be submitted annually to determine impact of landfill on the uppermost aquifer underlying the facility. Quality control of liner material of landfill. 15 cm soil cover in landfill Depth of leachate over the liner should not exceed 30 cm. Treated leachate can be discharged in to stream/ surface water after meeting norms.

Cradle to Grave Management Approach

Regulatory Authority
1

Pollution Control Board

Waste Occupier
2 6

Transporter

Waste Disposer
3

Water Management
To maintain zero discharge concept for treated effluent & sewage water should be used for gardening purpose within own premises. To carry out bio-assay test with 2% dilution for treated effluent for measuring 90% survival in 96 hours , interpolate logarithm graph for finding Lethal dose i.e. LD-50. Species of bio-assay test should be carried out on receiving water body. Treated effluent should have dissolved oxygen not less than 1 mg/ liter & free available chlorine 0.1 mg/ liter for chlorination of water. Temperature of effluent discharge should not exceed 5C on receiving bodys water temperature. Minimum 33% coverage of available open land for plantation. 50 Trees per acres recommended for green belt development. Treated water meeting norms as per IS:2490 part-I for own land irrigation purpose (Notified in EPA act 1986). 19 GEP parameters test should be conducted quarterly basis. Additional parameters for leachate disposal standards are AOx, PAH, Benzene, Toluene, Xylene for inland surface. Treated water discharge rate should be maximum 35 M/ hectare for black cotton soil. Water reuse/recycling concept to be adopted by using tertiary treatment to meet out input criteria of end use. For improving ground water table , rain water harvesting should be adopted under the corporate responsibility for environment protection (CREP)

Soil Quality Monitoring

The impacts & fate of hazardous waste on the environment (soil contamination due to nearby identified source of pollution) are determined by several interacting variables. Of great importance is water solubility and also soil adsorption, moisture, pH, porosity, composition, surface area, vaporization, degradation, chemo-dynamics (structure, weight, polarity) bioaccumulation, medium characteristics (pH, flow, other contaminants) and microbial conversions toxic elements. Sampling Equipment: Hand Soil Auger / Probe (Generally utilized for piling in civil engineering) of having dia 2 or 4. Depth of Sampling: 2 to 4 feet deep recommended (Not exceeding 4 feet). 4 to 6 surface/ sub-surface representative samples should also be collected of major contaminated soil area). Area of Sampling: For appropriate environmental assessment, Buffer zone is recommended. Buffer zone means within 0-2 km radius from centre of identified source of pollution. No. of Sample required: Ratio of sampling should be maintain at least one representative sample from on subsection of 100 Sq meters span to represent each subsection/ grades of surface area in buffer zone. (Total no. of sample recommended approximate 15 to 20 per 40 acres in particular case study) Frequency of Sample: Sampling frequency is recommended one before monsoon & another after monsoon. Type of Sampling: Grab sampling of each point & one composite sample of all collected sample for overall assessment of buffer zone. Quantity of Sample: 500 gms to 1000 gms each sample.

Soil Quality Monitoring

Sample Collection: Air dry all soil samples before mailing. Wet or damp samples stored for only a few days may yield unreliable results. Remove the soil sample from the paper bag and spread out in a thin layer about 14-inch deep on wax or butcher paper. Dry at room temperature. CAUTION: Do not apply artificial drying by oven, stove or furnace as this may alter the sample results. Parameter Recommended: Parameters to be tested on collected composite soil sample should be based on type of hazardous waste lying at source is being assessed. In the case of sludge arising from end grinding machines, following parameters are recommended to test as under: pH, organic matter, inorganic matter, moisture content, total organic carbon, total chromium, hexavalent chromium, iron, copper, nickel, cadmium, lead nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, TCLP test, bio-assay test ( toxicity test to measure LD-50). Additional parameters may be tested BOD, DO, COD, TDS & oil & grease of 10 % aqueous solution of solid hazardous waste sample. Test result of composite sample should be compare with natural fertile soil sample. ( Base line sample may also be collected from the nearby area. Contamination and the effects of hazardous waste on the environment can impact most ecological systems, especially ground water, surface water & ambient air apart from soil. For assessment of damage of soil & environment due to lying hazardous waste on open / natural land, groundwater sampling is recommended to attention on leach-ability impact on nearby water bodies.

Hazardous Waste/Chemical Storage Management

Storage of Incinerable waste at TSDF as per latest CPCB guidelines. Ensure compatibility of waste & chemicals Maintain floor label at least 150 mm above of maximum local flood level. Proper stacking of drums with proper labeling, proper approach/ passage for movement, ventilation, no electrical wires inside shed, no spillages, leakages etc. Protection from direct sunlight to volatile solvents & other low vapour pressure chemicals etc. Equipped with emergency response equipment, fire fighting system, fire hydrants etc. Storage of incinerable waste maximum up to six months or 50% of designed capacity . Risk assessment & analysis of hazardous waste/ chemicals handling & storage. Membership of emergency response center (ERC) established by MoEF-GOI & functioning in MP since 1993 to minimize any possible advers impacts of chemical accidents . Annual membership fee @ Rs.1.5 per lacs of total project investment . Maintain on site emergency plan & carry out mock drill frequently. To obtain explosive license for explosive/ flammable substance from concerned Department of Explosive, Nagpur. Regular health check up of workers as per occupational health & safety norms. Public Liability Insurance for industrial waste management risk due to release of toxic pollutants, flue emission to habitation & surrounding environment coverage up to 10 km radius. MPWMP is covered for Rs. 5 cores valid up to 4th December 2008. According to list of chemicals with applicable storage quantity mentioned in part-I (Group I-V) for toxic substances & part-II for flammable substances as per S.O. 227 (E) March 1992 . 50% of annual premium deposited in to environment relief fund.

Other Chemical Hazards and Symbols

Flammable Irritant

Explosive

Corrosive

Toxic/Poison

Environmental

Routes of CHEMICAL Exposure

Inhalation Absorption -skin -mucous membranes Ingestion Injection

Organ System Effects

Post Closure Monitoring

Post closure monitoring period is 30 years as per CPCB guidelines. Closure is apply one year before with closure plan to SPCB including closure schedule, chronological history of different type of waste disposed off in low facility site. Post closure monitoring for ground water quality around TSDF, Leachate collection & treatment, Gaseous monitoring of capped landfill for VOC & H2S, ambient air quality on six monthly basis. Monitoring of security management, landfill cover, green belt maintenance. Remedial action/ measures for adverse impact on the environment & habitation, human being etc.

TSDF
Closure Plan

Post Closure Monitoring

HW Landfill (India)

Escrow Management for Post Closure

Escrow fund/corpus fund for purpose of monitoring, maintenance & other contingency like coverage of PLI etc. Tri-party agreement with Operator, SPCB & Nationalize Bank. Nationalize bank will be work as escrow agent to maintain escrow account for bank charges, compensation, if any, routine expenses of post closure monitoring period. Minimum life span of landfill is assumed 15 years during operational phase. Principal amount should be at least 1.5 cores for the smaller size landfill. 2% amount of total user charges collected for landfill-able waste i.e. based on annual turnover of landfill facility, with a minimum of Rs.10 Lacs will be embarked for the every year during the operational phase. Schedule for depositing escrow fund within 30 days from the financial year closing. Time limit for new operator within 3 months after receiving CFO from SPCB & within six month from the date of agreement finalized & signed by existing operator. Disputes resolving authority will be Secretary of Housing & Environment Department of State Government. Operator requires to submit BG of equal amount of annual premium to SPCB, which may be forfeited, in the event of non-payment towards annual premium in to escrow fund. Termination within 30 days from the date of successful expiry of post closure period & certified by SPCB. Refund of outstanding escrow fund to operator on successful completion of post closure period. Applicable to CWH-TSDF operators only, for captive SLF holders, SPCB has to decide suitable mechanism for escrow management for post closure monitoring.

S.N. 1.

Statutory Requirements of Occupier/ Operator-TSDF Authorization of HzW in form-1 See rule [5(3) & (7)] Renewal of authorization of HzW Maintain records of HzW generated/received in Form-3 [See rule 5(60 & 22 (1)] Filing of annual returns of hazardous waste in Form-4 {See rule 5(6) & 22 (2)] Form-11 transport emergency card (TREM) [See rule 20 (2)] Form-12- marking of hazardous waste container [See rule 20 (2)] Form-13- Hazardous waste manifest [See rule 21 (1)] Form-14- accident report [See rule 24] Form-15- filing appeal against order of SPCB/CPCB [See rule 26(1) & 92)] Consent For Establishment in prescribed format Air consent in prescribed format Water Consent in prescribed format Renewal of air & water consent Water Cess charges in prescribed format Monitoring reports Environmental Statement in form-V [See rule-14 ]

Covered under act Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Trans-boundary Movement) act 2008 --do-----do---

Time limit / Remark Before start operation

2 3

Within 90 days from the expiry of authorization To be submitted to MPPCB in every quarter

-----do----

---do---

Every year before 30 th June of closing financial year Every transporting vehicle Maintain Regularly

Legal Requirement of TSDF

---do-------do---------do-----

----do----

8 9

Within 15 days from the waste received to MPPCB. As per requirement As & when required

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

EPA 1986 & amended Air Pollution Control act 1981 Water Pollution Control act 1974 Air & Water act Water Cess act 1977 Air & water act & HWM act EPA act 1986 & amended

Before starting construction Before commercial production/operation Before commercial production/operation Before 180 days from the date of expiry Every 5th Of month As per environmental monitoring schedule Before 30th September every year

Thank You
Thank You

Mukesh Soni