PAINTS

Paint is any liquid, liquifiable, or mastic composition which after application to a substrate in a thin layer is converted to an opaque solid film. Paint is used to protect, preserve, decorate (such as adding color), or add functionality to an object or surface by covering it with a pigmented coating.
An example of protection is to retard corrosion of metal. An example of decoration is to add festive trim to a room's interior. An example of added functionality is to modify light reflection or heat radiation of a surface. Also the use of color to identify hazards or to identify the function of equipment and pipelines.

Faux painting or Faux finishing are terms used to describe a wide range of decorative painting techniques. From the French word for "fake", faux painting began as a form of replicating materials such as marble and wood with paint, but has come to encompass many other decorative finishes for walls and furniture.

PAINT COMPOSITION PIGMENT

Pigments are granular solids incorporated into the paint to contribute colour, toughness or simply to reduce the cost of the paint. A distinction is usually made between a pigment, which is insoluble in the vehicle (resulting in a suspension), and a dye, which either is itself a liquid or is soluble in its vehicle (resulting in a solution).

BINDER
The binder, or resin, is the actual film forming component of paint. It is the only component that must be present; other components listed below are included optionally, depending on the desired properties of the cured film. Binders can be categorized according to drying, or curing mechanism. Note that drying and curing are two different processes. Drying generally refers to evaporation of vehicle, whereas curing refers to polymerization of the binder. Thus, there are paints that dry only, those that dry then cure, and those that do not depend on drying for curing.

VOLATILE VEHICLE/ SOLVENT

The main purpose of the vehicle is to adjust the viscosity of the paint. It is volatile and does not become part of the paint film. It can also control flow and application properties, and affect the stability of the paint while in liquid state. Its main function is as the carrier for the non volatile components. Water is the main vehicle for water-based paints. Cheap paints have a higher percentage of solvents per volume

Concrete painting
PLASTER is a pasty composition (as of lime, water, and sand) that hardens on drying and is used for coating walls, ceilings, and partitions A NEUTRALIZER is a liquid solution applied on newly plastered concrete wall before the application of the first coating to prevent moisture content. A PATCHING COMPOUND is a powder type substance mixed with paint and applied on walls to smoothen its surface

PAINTS BASE ON APPLICATION

A. PRIMER
Primer is a preparatory coating put on materials before painting. Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability, and provides additional protection for the material being painted.

B. SEALERS / VARNISH
Lacquer
Lacquer is a clear or colored coating, that dries by solvent evaporation and often a curing process as well that produces a hard, durable finish, in any sheen level from ultra matte to high gloss and that can be further polished as required. The term lacquer originates from the portuguese word for lac, a type of resin excreted from certain insects

Lacquers using acrylic resin was developed in 1950s. The advantage of acrylic lacquers is an exceptionally fast drying time.

Lacquer thinner is a liquid solution mixed with varnish to enhance its viscosity.

Polyurethane
Polyurethane varnishes are typically hard, abrasionresistant, and durable coatings. They are popular for hardwood floors but are considered by some to be difficult or unsuitable for finishing furniture or other detailed pieces.

Spar Varnish
Spar varnish (also called marine varnish) is high quality, waterproof, and sunlight-resistant varnish named for its use on ship or boat spars and other woodworks. Modified tung oil and phenolic resins are often used.

Shellac
Shellac is the commercial resin marketed in the form of amber flakes, made from lac, the secretion of the family of lacproducing insects

Wood painting
Wood Stain
Wood stain is a type of paint that is very "thin," that is, low in viscosity, and formulated so that the pigment penetrates the surface rather than remaining in a film on top of the surface. Stain is predominantly pigment or dye.

PAINTS BASE ON BINDER/SOLVENT

Enamel-based paints (Alkyd)

An enamel paint is a paint that dries to an especially hard, usually glossy, finish. Enamel paints contain either glass powder or tiny metal flake fragments instead of the color pigments found in standard oil-based paints. Enamel paint is also mixed with varnish to increase shine as well as assist its hardening process.

QDE - Quick Drying Enamel is an alkyd type paint that provides great durability while being noted as a fast drying paint. It is formulated to give a tough, durable, beautiful and high build film on wood and metal.
Flat Wall Enamel #800 is a flat alkyd type paint that provides great durability while being noted as a fast drying paint. Levels evenly, showing no lap and brush marks when applied skillfully.

Tinting color is a liquid solution mixed with enamel paint to produce color (TRU-TONE)

Acrylic Water-based Paint (LATEX)

Latex paint is a water-based dispersion of submicrometre polymer particles. Latex paints cure by a process called coalescence where the water, solvent and binder are fused together into irreversibly bound networked structures.

LATEX is a water emulsion of a synthetic rubber or plastic obtained by polymerization and used esp. in coatings (as paint) and adhesives
Water is used as a thinning agent to latex paints. ACRI-COLOR is a liquid solution mixed with masonry paint to produce color

1) Flat latex
2) Semi-gloss latex 3) Gloss latex

Acrylic Solvent-based Paint

Boysen Acrytex is an acrylic solvent-based coating that forms a seamless, non-porous, watertight film that repels water and prevents seepage. It is noted for its excellent adhesion and long-term durability. Creates a very tight film, serving as a moisture sealant for concrete and a stain inhibitor for wood.

Epoxy-based Paint
Epoxy Primer a high quality, two-component, epoxypolyamide system that has exceptional adhesion to practically any surface including steel tanks, coastal installations, galvanized iron, pipelines, aluminum, structural steel, etc. Has excellent corrosion resistance and sealing properties. Highly alkali-resistant so there is no need for neutralization of new concrete.

Lacquer-based Paint
Lacquer Primer Surfacer is a nitrocellulose lacquer type sealer with excellent holdout properties that provide good foundation for the desired lacquer topcoat. (primer for indoor surfaces)

Automotive Lacquer is a nitrocellulose, solventbased, high gloss, lacquer type paint that is easy to apply and dries rapidly to a long-wearing attractive finish. (indoors surfaces)

PAINT COMPOSITION:
Type of Paint or Binder Alkyd Oil (Enamel) Acrylic Latex Paint Epoxide Paint Solvent Areas of Use Inside Outside x x x x x x

xylene, toluene water xylene, butanol, ethyl gycol, methyl isobutyl, ketone, glycol ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl glycol acetate, toluene

Polyurethane (lacquer)

Oil-based Paint
Oil paint is a type of slow-drying paint consisting of small pigment particles suspended in a drying oil.

Powder Coating
is a type of dry coating, which is applied as a freeflowing, dry powder. The main difference between a conventional liquid paint and a powder coating is that the powder coating does not require a solvent to keep the binder and filler parts in a liquid suspension form. The coating is typically applied electrostatically and is then cured under heat to allow it to flow and form a "skin." It is usually used to create a hard finish that is tougher than conventional paint.

PAINTS CAN BE APPLIED BY: Brush

Spray Roller