ADULT LEARNING

Faculty of Medicine University of Sriwijaya

(FAMOUS)

Objectives

Backgrounds for adult learning Characteristic of adult learner Motivate the adult learner The ways of being adult learner

Key Questions

Why should I be as adult learner ? What is adult learner ? What is adult learner look like ? How to be an adult learner ? What should I do as adult learner ?

A story
A Medicine man with MD John Capsul,MD; is a clever doctor, his IPK is more than 2,5 when graduated from FAMOUS in 7 years. Now, he work in a very isolated island that can be reach after 2 days journey from a very isolated town. All people come to him for care cause there is no alternative, so that he got a lot of patient. After 10 years, he already rich, but know he also be a medicine man with MD. Why ??? What ever the diseases, what ever the symptoms the medicine only : AB & PCT

Your story
Buying a new Branded-Hand phone What do you do first ?

Why should I be as adult learner?

Why should I be as adult learner?

In medical profession, there are specialist even sub-specialist !! Why ?

Medical science is a huge, deep, and very complicated science Medical science always developed and dynamically changed in every day Medical science is combination of art and science that a lot of variation in every parts

Why should I be as adult learner?

Is it possible to be learnt completely in only 6-7 years ? Is there any guarantee that what I already learnt will not be change in the following time ?

What is adult learning ?

An adult learn some thing ! An adult learn : - Because he must learn for his own goal ! - Base on experience ! - Best by doing Example: An adult learning how to drive a car : - Goal : He want to be a good driver - Experience : He realize that, car different with cycle - Doing : He learn by trying to drive Result : He know how to drive a car and he can do it

What is adult learners look-like ?

Characteristics of adult learners: 1. Autonomous and self-directed 2. Accumulated a foundation of life experience and knowledge 3. Goal-oriented 4. Relevancy-oriented 5. Practical 6. Looking for respect

Characteristics of Adult Learner

AUTONOMOUS & SELF-DIRECTED

Free to direct your self Actively involve in the learning process Have a perspective about topics Work on projects base on your interests Teachers only as facilitators guiding your own knowledge rather than supplying the facts

Characteristics of Adult Learner Foundation of life experiences & knowledge

Work related activity Relies on prior knowledge & experience Draw out your experience & knowledge which is relevant to the topics Relate theories & concepts to the learning

Characteristics of Adult Learner Goal-oriented

Appreciate the programs Goals & objectives must be known early Pursues accuracy rather than speed

Characteristics of Adult Learner

Relevancy-oriented
Must see a reason for learning something Choose the applicable to your work/ responsibilities Example: Choose the projects that reflect your own interests

Characteristics of Adult Learner

Practical

Focus on a lesson most useful to your goal Makes immediate application of learning Ask the teachers to explain explicitly how the lesson will be useful

Characteristics of Adult Learner

Looking for respect

Should be treated as equals in experience and knowledge Voice your opinions freely in class

How to be an adult learner

MOTIVATION Escape/stimulation

Break in the routine life

New friends, need for associations

Social relationships

External expectations

Fulfill the expectation/recommendations

Improve ability to serve mankind/community, participate in community work Higher status/job, professional advancement, rich Sake of learning, seek knowledge, satisfy an inquiring mind

Social welfare

Personal advancement

Cognitive interest

Barrier or Stimulant

Time/scheduling Money Confidence Interest Information Expected

Promotion, job enrichment, job changes

Enrolling your motivations Decrease the barriers !!!

What should I do as adult learner ?

1. Taking responsibilities
Dont say !! : OK, teach me Begin with perceptive questions : What are the goals of this lesson ? How do these goals relate to my own goal ? How can we adapt my practice on these course relevant to my goals ? How can we use the resources available ? (Library, internet, etc) Answer by your self !!

2. Making connections
-

Seek & make connections between :

-

Previous experience/knowledge to a new one Theory-theory Theory-practice Theory-practice-opinion-value

Identify my own learning need

-

Know what already know Know what we still have to learn

3. Planning

Identify what is impeding & take step to overcome the obstacle

How best to use the time How best to apply our effort Interested in deadline Be a good manager for our own step

3. Planning
Tips : 6 Ps of preparation : 1. Preparation time 2. Prepare the environment 3. Program flexibility 4. Proactive readiness 5. Platform skills 6. Practice, practice, practice

4. Strategic Learning

Know how we learn best & seek out these ways of learning Take a deep approach to learning

Make our own sense of what we are learning Even be a surface learner if necessary

We know what we have to do

Practice make perfect An adult learn best by doing

4. Strategic learning
People remember 10% of what they READ 20% of what they HEAR 30% of what they SEE 50% of what they SEE & HEAR 70% of what they SAY 90% of what they DO

5. Monitoring progress

Interested in receiving feed back from tutor/teacher Interested in talking to other students about your work Self evaluate on your own work

Always questioning

Where are we know ? Where do we begin ? What should we do ?

Bloom & Gagne Taxonomy

BELAJAR

Aliran tingkah laku, menekankan pada hasil proses belajar. Aliran kognitif, menekankan pada proses belajar. Aliran humanistik, menekankan pada isi atau apa yang

dipelajari.

Aliran sibernetik, menekankan pada sistem informasi yang dipelajari

GAGNE (1979) Pembelajaran atau sistem instruksional adalah suatu set peristiwa yang mempengaruhi peserta didik sehingga terjadi suatu proses belajar.

Yang digerakkan oleh pengajar disebut pengajaran

Yang digerakkan oleh peserta didik dengan menggunakan buku, atau media lain.

Baik digerakkan oleh pengajar atau peserta didik harus terencana sistematis. Kegiatan yang terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari disebut pengalaman.

Belajar ada tujuan. Pendidikan ada tujuan.

Bloom (1956) mengklasifikasi tujuan

pendidikan menjadi tiga kawasan, yaitu

Kawasan kognitif, berkenaan dengan ingatan atau pengenalan terhadap pengetahuan dan pengembangan kemampun intelektual dan keterampilan berpikir Kawasan afektif, Kawasan psikomotor

Gagne (1985) mengemukakan tiga capabilities manusia sebagai hasil belajar kognitif, yaitu keterampilan intelektual (intellectual skills), informasi verbal (verbal information), dan strategi kognitif (cognitive strategy).

Selain kognitif, ada dua hasil belajar lain, yaitu keterampilan gerak (psikomotor), dan sikap (attitudes). Kawasan yang terakhir ini sering juga disebut kawasan sikap atau tingkah laku.

Kawasan kognitif ada enam jenjang/hirarki, yaitu (C16)

Pengetahuan, Pemahaman, Aplikasi, Analisis, Sintesis, Evaluasi.

Jenjang awal merupakan prasyarat untuk mencapai jenjang berikutnya.

Metacognitive Thinking

Metamemory. This refers to the learners' awareness of and knowledge about their own memory systems and strategies for using their memories effectively. Metamemory includes (a) awareness of different memory strategies, (b) knowledge of which strategy to use for a particular memory task, and (c) knowledge of how to use a given memory strategy most effectively.

Metacomprehension. This term refers to the learners' ability to monitor the degree to which they understand information being communicated to them, to recognize failures to comprehend, and to employ repair strategies when failures are identified. Self-Regulation. This term refers to the learners' ability to make adjustments in their own learning processes in response to their perception of feedback regarding their current status of learning.

Thank You