IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

Prof . Sandip Ajmire M. Tech.

UNIT - I
AS PER RTMNU NAGPUR

POINTS TO BE COVERED
1.1 DEFINATION 1.2 NECESSITY 1.3 SCOPE OF IRRIGATION SCIENCE 1.4 BENEFITS OF IRRIGATION 1.5 ILL-EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION 1.6 TYPES OF IRRIGATION

1.1 DEFINATION
Irrigation may be defined as the process of artificially supplying water to soil for raising crops.

1.2 NECESSITY
LESS RAINFALL NON UNIFORM RAIN FALL COMMERTIAL CROPS WITH ADDITINOL WATER CONTROLLED WATER SUPPLY

1.2 NECESSITY
LESS RAINFALL When the total rainfall is less than the needed for the crop, artificial supply is necessary. Water is convey from more water available area to low intensity. Indira Gandhi canal in Rajasthan.

1.2 NECESSITY
NON UNIFORM RAIN FALL The rainfall in a particular area may not be uniform over the crop period . During the early periods of the crops, rain may be there, but no water is available at the end, at the end of season.

1.2 NECESSITY
COMMERTIAL CROPS WITH ADDITINOL WATER The rain fall may be sufficient for traditional crop. But crops like sugarcane need more water for growth than traditional crop.

1.3 SCOPE OF IRRIGATION SCIENCE

ENGINEERING ASPECT AGRICULTURAL ASPECT

1.3 SCOPE OF IRRIGATION SCIENCE

ENGINEERING ASPECT Storage, Diversion, or lifting of water Conveyance of water to the Agricultural fields Application of water to agricultural fields Drainage & relieving water logging Developing of water power.

1.3 SCOPE OF IRRIGATION SCIENCE

AGRICULTURAL ASPECT Proper depth of water necessary in single application of water for various crops. Distribution of water uniform & periodically. Capacities of difrent soil for irrigation water flow of water in soil .

1.4 BENEFITS OF IRRIGATION

Increase in food production Protection from famine Cultivation of cash crops Addition to the wealth of country Increase in prosperity of people Genration of Hydro-Electric power Domastic & Industrial power supply Inland Navigation

1.4 BENEFITS OF IRRIGATION

Improvement of comunication Canal Plantations Improvement in the Ground water storage Aid in civilisation General Devlopment of the country.

1.5 ILL-EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION

Breeding places of mosquitoes Water Logging Damp clymate

Types of Irrigation
Flow Irrigation Perinal Irrigation Induction Irrigation
Direct IRRIGATION Storage IRRIGATION

Lift Irrigation

Combined Irrigation

Perinal Irrigation
Water stored in Dams, Barrages, wires for supplying water throughout season

Induction irrigation
Flow Irrigation Induction Irrigation is carried out by Deep Flooding and Through saturation of land to be Perinal Irrigation cultivated which is the drained off prior to the Induction Irrigation planting of crop. Depending upon the source from which water is drawn , flow irrigation is sub-divided
Direct IRRIGATI ON Storage IRRIGATION Combined Irrigation

QUTIONS ASKED IN RTMNU

What are the benefits & ill effects of irrigation?

October 2008
Describe the irrigation scheme detailing the following (a) Source (b) Convenience system Water application system (d) drainage system

October 2008 (6 marks)

Write advantages of irrigation. Ans.:- Increase in food production Protection from famine Cultivation of cash crops Addition to the wealth of country Increase in prosperity of people Generation of Hydro-Electric power Domestic & Industrial power supply Inland Navigation

May 2009 (6 marks)

Differentiate any two (a) Sprinkler & drip irrigation system (b) Flow irrigation & lift irrigation Perennial & inundation irrigation system.

October 2009 (6 marks)

Explain briefly the development of irrigation in since ancient times

October 2011 ( 6 marks)

Explain briefly the necessity of irrigation in India. What are the advantages of assured irrigation. Ans.:- LESS RAINFALL When the total rainfall is less than the needed for the crop, artificial supply is necessary. Water is convey from more water available area to low intensity. Indira Gandhi canal in Rajasthan.