Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Religious Prose
Allegorical Levels
Literal: the concrete, historical meaning Typological: connection of events in the Old Testament with events of Christs life in the New Testament: Jonahs 3-day confinement in the belly of the whale prefigures Christs 3-day descent into Hell Moral: the abstract, symbolic meaning of the literal, especially in terms of behavior Anagogical: dealing with the future events of Christian history, heaven, hell, the last judgment: prophecies. Thus the four types of allegory deal with past events (literal), the connection of past events with the present (typology), present events (moral), and the future (anagogical).
Narrative
Types of Narrative
Prose Chronicles Novelle -EitherRomances Fabliaux Bestiaries & Beast Fables Poetry Epics Breton lais
Chronicle
A record of historic or purported historical events
Legendary Histories of Britain William of Malmesbury: c.1125: Gesta Requm Anglorum (Deeds of the English Kings) c. 1129: De Antiquitate Glastoniensis Ecclesiaea (a history of Glastonbury Abbey) Geoffrey of Monmouth: c.1136: Historia Regum Brittaniae.(History of the Kings of Britain) c.1150: Vita Merlinei (The Life of Merlin) Wace:Roman de Brut, c. 1155, Anglo-Norman (French) translation of Geoffrey Lazamon: Brut, c. 1190, Anglo-Saxon (English) translation of Geoffrey
Romance
Romance
Story of heroic adventure often encompassing courtly love: a chivalrous, heroic knight, who, abiding chivalry's strict codes, fights and defeats monsters and giants, thereby winning favour with a beautiful but fickle princess. Traditional Material The matter of Rome: Alexander the Great The matter of France: Charlemagne The Matter of Britain: King Arthur
Breton Lai
Short, rhymed tale of love and chivalry Breton/Celtic troubadour influence Courtliness and magic Investigations into the intricacies of love and honor Exploration of questions of sovereignty in relationships The Lais of Marie de France 11thc.
Novella
The novella is defined as a short, prose narrative, usually realistic and often satiric in tone. Novella is an Italian word deriving from the feminine form of the word for new. The quality of newness in the novella is, perhaps, best associated with the contemporary subject matter of the stories Novelle (pl.) are based on current local events -- with a viewpoint that ranges from amorous to humorous and satirical to political or moral. The characters in a novella are placed in a realistic setting, complete with the rhythms of everyday life and conversation.
Novella
Fabliau
Originally a French form A comic, bawdy tale with a plot that usually involves a cuckolded husband Characters include peasants, tradesmen, greedy clergy, restless young wives, and young scholars The plots are realistically motivated tricks and ruses. The fabliaux thus present a lively image of everyday life among the middle and lower classes.
Lyric Poetry
Courtly Love
Humility Courtesy Adultery The Religion of Love
C.S. Lewis
Drama