LEGAL AND REGULATORY ASPECTS OF NAVI MUMBAI AIRPORT AND JAITAPUR

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Airport Overview
Worlds LARGEST Greenfield Project
Proposed at Kopra-Panvel. Area Proposed: 11.4 Sq. Km Terminal Area: 250,000 m Cargo Area: 100,000 m Can handle 50-55 million passengers annually Cost of Project: Initial: Rs.5260 Cr. Current: 10,000 Cr. (Appx.) PPP (Public Private Partnership)
2

Navi Mumbai International Airport

PARTIES INVOLVED
MMR: Mumbai Metropolitan Region Area: 4355 Sq. Km Population: 20 Million (Census 2011) Includes Metropolis of Mumbai and its SATELLITE Towns CIDCO: City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra City Planning Organisation Major Activities in Navi-Mumbai
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organisation Specialized Agency of United Nations codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation

MoEF: Ministry of environment and forests Part of Union Minister

Navi Mumbai International Airport

PARTIES INVOLVED
GoI: Government of India
GoM: Government of Maharashtra PAP: Project Affected People An association formed during late 2010 Consisting of villagers and farmers who are affected by the project

DGCA: Directorate General Civil Aviation Regulatory body for civil aviation under Ministry of Civil Aviation AAI: Airport Authority of India An organization that manages all the airports in India Works under Ministry of Civil Aviation
4

Navi Mumbai International Airport

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Mangrooves

Ulve and Gadhi Rivers

Hills Karnala Bird Centuary

Navi Mumbai International Airport

NON - ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Resettlement and Rehabilitation

Transport Infrastructure

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Environmental Issues Mangrove Deforestation
IMPACT Fisheries Natural Tide Controller Bank Erosion Flora and Fauna

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Environmental Issues Mangrove Deforestation
PROBLEMS
Airport Site has 161 Hectares of mangroves. From around which 98 Hectares of mangroves will be deforested for runways. Indirect deforestation would account for 2000 Hectare of mangrove cultivation.

REGULATORY BODIES / LAWS INVOLVED

Forest Conservation Act. EIA (Environment Impact Assessment) CRZ Rules(Coastal Regulation Zone) Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) setup by MoEF (Ministry of Environment & Forest) BNHS (Bombay Natural History Society)
8

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Environmental Issues Mangrove Deforestation
Caselet Mithi River
Uncontrolled mangrove deforestation Incident of 26th July 2005

Solution Proposed
Multifold Systematic Replantation & Protection of mangroves by CIDCO. Amounting to 615 Hectares. A new 60 hectare mangrove park will be developed towards the Moha and Panvel Creek area. Another 310 hectare (northeast of the airport site between the Gadhi river, Mankhurd Panvel Rail Corridor and NH. 4B). These Replantation area will be declared as a 'no development' zone by CIDCO.

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Environmental Issues Ulwe & Gadhi River
Background
Ulwe & Gadhi are the two rivers that flow in the proposed airport plan. They both are tidally-influenced water bodies. Both the water body drain out in the Panvel Creek south of the site. Ulwe river is relatively confined and thinner in terms of flow. Gadhi river is far thicker when compared to any river that drains in Panvel creek.

Problems
Recoursing of Ulwe River. Diversion of Gadhi River.

10

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Navi Mumbai International Airport

12

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Environmental Issues Hill
Background
Proposed Airport Site has a 80 m hill that comes on the way of the 2 nd runway. This hill has a almost perfect glide slope of 3 degree. Glide Slope helps aircraft to land and takeoff at the correct angle.

Problems
Destruction & Smoothening of Hill for runway. In accordance to Forest Conservation Act, one cannot destroy any natural structure which is above 50 m of height.

Solution Proposed
CIDCO claims that the hill was already withered due to mining activity. It seeks clearance from MoEF for the same.

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Non Environmental Issue: Re-settlement and Rehabilitation
Background
Airport Land Cover: 2020 Hectares 77% of land requirement for the project is met by CIDCO, GoM & GoI. Approximately 23% of land has to be acquired from individual owners. Accounting to around 1000 Acres of airport site.

Problems
Farmers owning the land are demanding a compensation of close to Rs.20 Crore/Acre This compensation may escalate the project valuation by an additional Rs.20,000 Crore.
14

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Regulator / Law Involved
CIDCO Law Acquisition Act.

Solution Proposed
CIDCO has proposed 2 Lakhs over and above the price of their homes The new Houses would get 1.5 additional FSI. Every family would get 100 shares of the NMIA. Preference to local for job opportunities.

Caselet - (Navi Mumbai Development)

Incidentally, during the course of developing the city of Navi Mumbai, CIDCO had given 12.5% of developed land to the original inhabitants whose land was acquired for the city. Currently CIDCO upgraded their offer to 22% of developed land.

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Non Environmental Issue Transport Infrastructure
Background
NMIA is located at the outskirts of Navi Mumbai Zone. It is 35 kms away from the current International Airport Terminal located in MMR. The National Highway 4B is the main road access to the Airport from the east. The Aamra Marg provides road access to the Airport from the west. Also accessible from the existing Mankhurd-Belapur Panvel commuter rail corridor. If both the terminal had to operate simultaneously then need to be well CONNECTED.

Problems
Currently, the only seemingly efficient mode connecting both these area is LAND.
16

Navi Mumbai International Airport

Non Environmental Issue Transport Infrastructure
Land Route Development
Widening of arterial roads and highways feeding traffic to NMIA.
Aamra Marg NH-4B SH-54 NH-4 (including interchange)

Widening of Sion-Panvel Highway to improve accessibility from Central Mumbai and Pune. Road connectivity to NMIA from MTHL (Mumbai Trans Harbor Link) which provides fast access to traffic from the island city of Mumbai and central Mumbai.

Karnala Bird Centuary

PROBLEM
Airport's wildlife clearance proposal to the National Board for Wildlife The area is home to 213 bird species As per Supreme Court orders, any project within a 10-km radius of a protected area requires clearance

from the wildlife board

The Navi Mumbai airport is located 9.5km from the Karnala Bird Sanctuary

SOLUTION

The state wildlife board made four crucial recommendations while forwarding the proposal
A provision of Rs2 crore a year for 10 years to conserve protected areas around the airport and Rs400 crore for environment protection Navi Mumbai airport project received environmental clearance in November 2010, but it is yet to

receive clearance under the Forest Conservation Act, 1980 to clear 108.50 hectares of mangroves
18

JAITAPUR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

OVERVIEW

Proposed by NCPIL at Madban village of Ratnagiri District, Maharashtra

Will be largest power generating station in the world Estimated cost of the project is 100,000 crore (US $18.2 billion)

NPP will be built in collaboration with Areva

JAITAPUR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

REACTORS

6 European Pressurized Reactors designed and developed by Areva of France each reactor would produce 1650 megawatts, totaling 9900 megawatts third generation pressurized water reactors (PWR)
FUNDING

Consortium of French financial institutions is financing the project as a loan OEDC will govern the interest rates and the terms of agreement

JAITAPUR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

HURDLE

Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Bill 2010 passed in Indian Parliament
CONTROVERSY

Environment Effects of Nuclear Power Plant Geological Issues Land Acquisition

JAITAPUR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

OPPONTENTS

Earthquake prone site

Tsunami Probability Radioactive waste disposal Future of Fisheries TISS Report

JAITAPUR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

PROPONENTS

Proponents advocated saying :

Power Plant at Jaitapur is Safe and Environmentally benign Economically viable source of electricity NPP will make India Energy Secure

JAITAPUR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

JAITAPUR TIMELINE
Date September 2005 October 2005 February 2006 December 2006 October 2009 August 2010 Event NCPIL plans to establish Nuclear plants in Jaitapur GoI acquired 938 hectares of land in Jaitapur India nd France signed an agreement to establish 'Nuclear Power Park' India (NPCIL) and France (Areva) agreed to construct 3rd Generation EPR NPCIL decided to take loans from French Banks Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Bill 2010 was passed

November 2010
11 March 2011 19 March 2011 April 2011 2012 - 2018

Jaitapur Project was granted conditional environmental clearance

Earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit Japan's Fukushima nuclear plant. Nuclear disaster in Japan intensified anti-Jaitapur protests. New Bill was introduced in the Parliament create an independent and autonomous Nuclear Regulatory Authority of India The first phase of the project was commenced and nuclear reactors will be built

CASELET
FUKUSHIMA ACCIDENT 2011

Following a major earthquake, a 15-metre tsunami disabled the power supply and cooling of three Fukushima reactors, causing a nuclear accident on 11th March 2011 The reactors melted and released radioactive radiations

After 2 weeks, reactor stabilization and cleanup operations were done

Around 40 people were physically injured and 1,00,000 were evacuated from their homes