Seminar

on
Blu-ray Disc
October 11, 2008

Er. Rajesh Kumar

M.Tech (ECE)
INDIA
1
 Evolution
 VHS: analog
DVD: digital
BD: high-definition

 Enables recording,
rewriting, and
playback of high-
definition video

 Capable of storing
information that
the DVD and CD
are not capable of
holding
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

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 Foundation
 Blu-ray disc (BD) is appropriately
named after the blue laser used to
write the data
 The first blue laser was developed in
1996 by Shuji Nakamura (Nichia
Corporation)
 In 2002, an alliance was formed,
called the Blu-ray Disc Association,
including the likes of Sony, Samsung,
Sharp, Hewlett-Packard, and Royal
Phillips
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 Disc Characteristics
 Single layer: 25
GB
Dual layer: 50 GB
 Diameter: 120
mm
 Thickness: 1.2
mm
 Center hole
diameter: 15 mm
 Uses GaN laser of
wavelength 400
nm
 The smaller laser,
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
compared to the
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DVD and CD,
 Disc
Characteristics(conti.)
 The power
conservation
allows the
development of
multi-layer
platforms and
high-speed
recording.

 BD-ROM: read-
only format.

 BD-R and BD-RE:

recordable
formats (RE: Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
5
 Disc Characteristics

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

 Numerical Aperature measures the ability of a lens to
gather and focus light. As the numerical aperture
increases, the focusing power increases and the beam size
decreases.

 Phase change implies that the disc section is either an

amorphous or crystalline state. The reflectivity changes
accordingly thus representing a binary bit.
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Comparison: CD, DVD & Blu-ray
Disc

 Due to the fact that the data layer on a Blu-

ray Disc is placed much “closer” to the laser
lens than in DVD , there is less distortion
resulting in significantly improved
tolerances. Hence, more precision and ultra
high storage densities are made possible.
Courtesy <http://www.jvc-victor.co.jp/english/press/2004/bd-dvd.html> 7
Recorder Characteristics
 Over two hours of HDTV can be placed on a single
layer BD, which correlates to over 13 hours for
standard TV.

 The transfer rate is 36 megabits per second.

 At 1x speed, it takes approximately 1.5 hours to

record an entire single layer BD.

 Recorder Cost: $1,500 - $2,500; BD Cost: $26.

 BD’s are commercially available in the U.S. since

8
2006.
Capacity Comparison

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“Courtesy: How Stuff Works”
 Compatibility
 This issue has introduced a competitor, the HD-DVD, that
based its technology around being compatible with the DVD.
 Recently the BDA has developed recorders that are
BD/DVD/CD compatible.
 JVC has advanced the BD by developing a BD/DVD combo disc
that stores both DVD and BD data. It is composed of two DVD
layers and a third BD layer storing 33.5 GB total.

Courtesy <http://www.jvc-victor.co.jp/english/press/2004/bd-dvd.html> 10
 Protection System
 HDTV contains a copyright bit that is
detected by the BD recorder. If the
broadcast has no copyright bit, then
the BD recorder is allowed to store
the information.
 Uses the Data Encryption Standard
(DES) that has a key length of 56
bits.
 A Key Block and Disc ID are written
into the ROM area to prevent illegal11
 Enhancements
 Error rates increased in reading and writing
after the original BD suffered scratches and
fingerprints.
 For protection, the prototype BD was enclosed
in a case.
 The case increased the size of the disc drive.

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

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 Enhancements(conti.)
 A hard coat
was derived of
an ultraviolet-
curable resin
that has a
scratch
resistance
similar to the
DVD.
 An artificial
fingerprint
reagent is Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

placed on the 13
 Features of BLU-RAY Disc
-------------------------------------

 MANUFACTURING

 RECORDING

 PLAY BACK

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 Manufacturing
* BD Cover Manufacturing Process

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” 15

Recording & Playback

16
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
Address Format
*Using Groove Wobbles

17
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
Write pulse waveform

18
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Write strategy

19
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
CODING FOR BD OPTICAL
RECORDING

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Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
Modulation code and error
correcting code
FOR DIGITAL STORAGE SYSTEM

21
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
Error distributions
For 50GB Capacity

22
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Future
 Expect the BD to become more
prevalent once the HDTV market
establishes its presence.

 Audio and video will reach higher

qualities with larger storage space.

 Look for BD with more than two

layers as the technology is further
refined.
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 Future(conti.)
 Sony has made the Disc with size
200GB already.
 Pioneer announced on August 5, 2008
, that they have got success
in making BD with
increased Disc Size
of 500GB.

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Commercial Market
Blu-ray drives

25
Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”
 Blu-ray Media

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc

26
Format White Paper”
 Blu-ray Recorders

Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc 27

 Bibliography
 http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/254136
 http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=1616,
 http://www.docstoc.com/docs/424938/White-
paper-General-Blu-ray-Disc-Format
 http://allfreedownloadlinks.com/free-
softwares/free-multimedia-software/blu-ray- to-
dvd-pro-v120/
 http://reviews.cnet.com/1770-9991_7-
0.html?query=
blu+ray+disc&searchtype=products&tag=ltcol;n
arrow
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc#
Technical_specifications
 http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/search/Search.as
px?
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SearchBy=0&Word=blu+ray+disc&By=0
 END
OF THE
SLIDE SHOW

ANY QUERY PLEASE

??????

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THANKS

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