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Suganthi
II-M.Sc Eco biotechnology
Bharathidasan University
Trichy.
E-mail:opgksuga@gmail.com
What is bioremediation?
• What is phytoremediation?
• Phytoremediation can be defined as the use of green plants to remove
pollutants from the environment or to render them harmless
Phytoremediation
• Phytoremediation is a form of bioremediation and applies to all
chemical or physical processes that involve plants for
degrading or immobilizing contaminants in soil and ground
water.
Types of phytoremediation
Phytoaccumulatin Phytostabilization
Rhizodegradation
Phytodegradation
Phytovolatilization Rhizofiltration
The phytoextraction operation
Chemicals
Biopump added
grown Plant
material harvested
and burnt to
2+ 2+
produce bio-ore
2+
Ni +
Au Cu Pd
Bio-ore Bio-ore
smelted landfilled
Phytomining Phytoremediation
Phytostabilization
• Phytostabilization is the use of
plants to stabilize the soil
matrix itself and immobilize the
contaminant from future
migration
• Phytodegradation
• Contaminants are taken up
into the plant tissues where
they are metabolized, or
biotransformed.
Biopumps
Solid Waste
Exhaust gases
Intensive agriculture
Agro-products
Soil Plant
Agrochemicals
Water
Rapid development
Environment
Plant species………….of Phytoremediation
Approximately 400 plant species from at least 45 plant
families have been reported to hyperaccumulate metals
Water Hyacinth in Sewage Discharge Ponds
• Due to the growth of water hyacinth, excess nutrients in the water column
are removed.
• Heavy metals cause many health hazards to human kind such as cancer,
kidney disorder, hypertension, hormone imbalance (which has severe
consequence on human reproductive mechanism), nervous disorder, etc.
• Under conventional treatment procedure, organic manure is produced
before removing heavy metals
• Toxic heavy metals are also removed from entering the ecosystem.
Phytoremediation of mixed-contaminated soil using the hyperaccumulator plant
Alyssum lesbiacum: Evidence of histidine as a measure of phytoextractable nickel