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Using SPSS for Chi Square

UDP 520 Lab 5 Lin Lin November 8th, 2007

Outline
Dataset Review t-test Chi-square Exercise

BMI
Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight that applies to both adult men and women.

Under & normal weight: BMI <25 Overweight & obesity: BMI 25
Weight (lb) BMI=703 height 2 (in 2 )

Dataset WLTP
1000 adults aged 18+ (males and females) were recruited to study the effectiveness of Weight Loss Training Program (WLTP) Variables
Sex (female=1) BMI_1(before WLTP) BMI_2(after WLTP) Urban or suburban (urban=1) Overweight_1 (overweight before WLTP) (overweight=1) Overweight_2 (overweight after WLTP) (overweight=1)

http://courses.washington.edu/urbdp520/UDP520/WLTP.sav

Question 1
Is BMI significantly different between people who live in an urban area and those who live in a suburb area before WLTP? Independent samples t-test

Question 1 Step by Step


Step 1: Making assumptions and meeting test requirements
Sampling is random Level of measurement is interval-ratio Sampling distribution is normal

Step 2: Stating the null hypothesis

H0 : urban suburban Ha : urban suburban


Step 3: Selecting the sampling distribution and establishing the critical region
Sampling distribution = Z distribution Alpha = 0.05, two-tailed Z(critical) = 1.96

Question 1 (cont.)
Step 4: Computing the test statistic in SPSS

Question 1 (cont.)
Step 5: Making a decision and interpreting the results of the test
Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper .33934 .33861 .64598 .64670

F BMI_1 Equal variances assumed Equal variances not assumed 12.928

Sig. .000

t 6.306 6.276

df 998 955.970

Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000

Mean Difference .49266 .49266

Std. Error Difference .07813 .07850

Result (Z obtained)

Indicate whether result is significant or not (based on your predetermined alpha)

Question 2
Is there any relationship between living in a suburban area and being overweight before WLTP?
Under & normal weight: BMI <25 Overweight & obese: BMI 25

Chi Square test

Question 2 Step by Step


Step 1: Making assumptions and meeting test requirements Random sampling Level of measurement is nominal Step 2: Stating the null hypothesis H0: Living in an urban area and being overweight are independent Ha: Living in an urban area and being overweight are dependent Step 3: Selecting the sampling distribution and establishing the critical region Sampling distribution = 2 distribution Alpha = 0.05 Df = (r-1)(c-1) = 1 (a 2-by-2 table) 2 (critical) = 3.481

Question 2 (cont.)
Step 4: computing the test statistic in SPSS

Question 2 (cont.)
Step 5: making a decision and interpreting the results of the test
ov erw eight_1 * urban Crosstabulation urban 0 overweight_1 0 1 Total Count Expected Count Count Expected Count Count Expected Count 329 385.7 155 98.3 484 484.0 1 468 411.3 48 104.7 516 516.0 Total 797 797.0 203 203.0 1000 1000.0
Pearson Chi-Square a Continuity Correction Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Value 79.699b 78.301 82.696 df 1 1 1 Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) .000 .000 .000 Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided)

.000 79.619 1000 1 .000

.000

a. Computed only for a 2x2 table b. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 98. 25.

Result (2 obtained)

Question 2 (cont.)

Symmetric Measures Value .272 1000 Approx. Sig. .000

Nominal by Nominal N of Valid Cases

Contingency Coefficient

a. Not assuming the null hypothesis. b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

The nominal symmetric measures indicate both the strength and significance of the relationship between the row and column variables of a crosstabulation.

Exercise
Does a significant relationship exist between living in a suburban area and being overweight after WLTP?

Does a significant relationship exist between being a male and overweight before WLTP? Does a significant relationship exist between being a male and overweight after WLTP?

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